59 results
Search Results
2. Radiographers' perceptions of the experiences of patients with dementia attending the radiology department.
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Browne, Katie, England, Andrew, Young, Rena, Moore, Niamh, Kjelle, Elin, Owen, Andrew, and McEntee, Mark F.
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RADIOLOGIC technologists ,QUALITATIVE research ,HUMAN beings ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,CONTENT analysis ,HOSPITAL radiological services ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,THEMATIC analysis ,SURVEYS ,RESEARCH methodology ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,DEMENTIA patients ,TIME ,PATIENTS' attitudes - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Medical Imaging & Radiation Sciences is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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3. "Successful" ageing in later older age: A sociology of class and ageing in place.
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Gibson, Kate, Kingston, Andrew, McLellan, Emma, Robinson, Louise, and Brittain, Katie
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SOCIAL capital , *QUALITATIVE research , *INDEPENDENT living , *INTERVIEWING , *HOME environment , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *EXPERIENCE , *AGING , *LIFE course approach , *SOCIOLOGY , *PRACTICAL politics , *SOCIAL classes - Abstract
Supporting people to 'age in place' – to live independently at home and remain connected to the community – is an international policy priority. But the process of ageing in place is mediated in a socio-cultural context where neoliberal tropes of successful ageing reproduce a pervasive model about 'ageing well' by elevating ideals of individualised choice and self-governance. Based on two waves of qualitative interviews and interim observations, we employ a Bourdieusian logic to explore the ramifications of this context on the experiences of 46 people in later older age (80+) ageing in place in North East England. All participants enacted everyday improvisatory practices to render their homes habitable. But our participants – most of whom were located in middle-class social positions – supplemented such improvisions with a strategic disposition to plan for and actively shape their ageing-in-place futures. Our participants conveyed a distinct sense of agency over their ageing futures. Underpinning their orientations to practice was an awareness of the value attached to individually 'ageing well' and a distancing from the agedness associated with the fourth age. Our analysis demonstrates the role of capital, accrued throughout the life course, in bringing such future trajectories into effect. The central argument of this paper therefore is that the embodiment of (neoliberal) ideals of successful ageing in place requires the deployment of classed capital. In sum, contrary to the individualising narratives ubiquitous in policy pertaining to ageing well, we show the importance of classed structural moorings in this process. • Regardless of class, older adults (80+) tinker to render their homes habitable. • Bourdieusian analysis shows how class shapes (successful) ageing in place. • Focusing on middle-class experiences deepens insight into ageing inequalities. • Dispositions to plan for and actively shape ageing futures requires capital. • The individualising focus of successful ageing ideals is inherently classed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. The emotional ambiguities of healthcare professionals' platform experiences.
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Moretti, Veronica and Pronzato, Riccardo
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DIGITAL technology , *MEDICAL personnel , *QUALITATIVE research , *WORK environment , *INTERVIEWING , *DIGITAL health , *EMOTIONS , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *JOB stress , *RESEARCH methodology , *COMPUTER literacy , *CLINICAL competence , *GROUNDED theory , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors - Abstract
This paper investigates how healthcare professionals experience digital platforms in their work practices and how these relationships enable forms of emotional labour and contribute to shaping their emotional health. Methodologically, the contribution draws on audio-diaries kept by 15 healthcare professionals and a final semi-structured interview conducted with the same informants. The research material was analysed using open and axial coding techniques, in a grounded theory fashion. Findings provides meaningful insights to the literature on the emotional labour of healthcare professionals, as well as to studies on digital health and labour. Specifically, we show that participants associate different and even contrasting reflections and emotional states with their relationships with digital platforms. Thus, there is not exclusively one trajectory that can explain the implications of media uses, as different and potentially conflicting emotions coexist within the same experience. Given this scenario, we argue that it can be fruitful to use the lens of 'ambiguity' to scrutinise the ambivalences and tensions characterising platform experiences, and how emotional labour in healthcare intertwines with technological developments. Moreover, we advocate for the development of critical digital literacy skills among healthcare professionals. • We contribute to literature on digital health and emotional labour. • We show the emotional ambivalences in healthcare professionals' platform experiences. • We argue for the merits of using the concept of 'ambiguity'. • We advocate for critical digital literacy among healthcare professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Young people returning to alcohol and other drug services as incremental treatment.
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MacLean, Sarah J., Caluzzi, Gabriel, Ferry, Mark, Bruun, Andrew, Sundbery, Jacqui, Skattebol, Jennifer, Neale, Joanne, and Bryant, Joanne
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ALCOHOLISM treatment , *SUBSTANCE abuse treatment , *QUALITATIVE research , *INTERVIEWING , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *LONGITUDINAL method , *PATIENT participation , *WELL-being , *ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
Young people who attend intensive alcohol and other drug (AoD) treatment commonly do so more than once. This paper aims to understand precipitators, enablers and barriers to young people's re-engagement in programs. Data come from a longitudinal qualitative study involving three waves of interviews with Australian young people recruited while attending intensive AoD programs (n = 38 at wave 1). We found that young people's ambitions for what they might achieve with a new stay and capacity to benefit from programs, evolved. Skills learnt in earlier stays or changed life circumstances often helped them achieve better outcomes subsequently. Ongoing contact with an AoD worker was the most important enabler to service re-engagement. Across the span of a year, we saw most young people in our study sample develop a stronger sense of wellbeing and control over substance use. While researchers tend to focus on evaluating outcomes associated with single stays at specific programs, young people think about their trajectories towards managing substance use and their lives as occurring more holistically, supported by engagements with a range of services. We argue that the notion of incremental treatment is useful in depicting the synergistic effects of service engagement over time. • Young people affected by substance use often attend many programs. • Participants who returned to services reported new goals and changed circumstances. • AoD treatment effects build as young people learn and engage with services. • The medical term 'incremental treatment' is useful in depicting this. • Outcomes should be measured through service system engagement over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. 'Like going to get a facial': Heterotopic spaces and gendered aesthetics of commercial Australian reproductive clinics.
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Sassano, Angie and Mayes, Christopher
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SOCIAL media , *AESTHETICS , *QUALITATIVE research , *SCHOLARSHIPS , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *HUMAN reproductive technology , *ADVERTISING , *HUMAN reproduction , *HOSPITAL wards , *PATIENTS' attitudes - Abstract
The ethical effect of aesthetics is underexplored in literatures on healthcare, especially reproductive services. Healthcare aesthetics play a particular role in influencing patient choice, and in so doing, mediates who is – and is not – welcomed into certain medical spaces. This is particularly pertinent in the context of assisted reproductive clinics, which are often seeking competitive advantage in a market where patients purportedly have a choice amongst providers, and where providers have the capital to invest in clinic design and social media presence to attract patients. Interrogating aesthetic and spatial dimensions of reproductive clinics is especially critical in uncovering gendered, class, and racial assumptions of reproductive futures. As such, ethical inquiry would benefit from examining the aesthetic qualities of ART and its implications on the reproduction of commercialized, gendered, and racialized health settings. In this paper, we draw on reflections made by participants about aesthetics during qualitative interviews on commercial influences on ART services. We expand on these initial reflections by engaging with feminist literature on the image in reproductive ethics and broader scholarship regarding health environments. In doing so, we examine the normative assumptions and effects held within clinic aesthetics to discuss the construction and influence of 'pink' reproductive spaces. • Commercial ART clinics adopt 'pink aesthetics' of female empowerment and choice. • Aesthetics can trouble patriarchal medicine but commodify feminist justice. • Social media and advertising are critical to cultivating gendered aesthetics. • Pink aesthetics reinforces personal responsibility over reproductive futures. • The pink aesthetic constitutes reproductive imaginaries and subjectivities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. Gendered pleasures, risks and policies: Using a logic of candidacy to explore paradoxical roles of alcohol as a good/poor health behaviour for Australian women early during the pandemic.
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Foley, Kristen, Ward, Paul R., and Lunnay, Belinda
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GENDER role , *QUALITATIVE research , *PLEASURE , *HEALTH policy , *INTERVIEWING , *PSYCHOLOGY of women , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *HARM reduction , *ALCOHOL-induced disorders , *HEALTH behavior , *ALCOHOL drinking , *COVID-19 pandemic , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
• Investigates relational enactments of gendered alcohol consumption during the pandemic, contrasted with special attention on women as a 'priority population' for alcohol-related harm reduction. • Adopts a gendered approach to understanding the alcohol-harm paradox, the breast cancer paradox, and the risk-pleasure paradox in women's health policies. • Synthesises evidence to construct a burden of proof that problematising women's consumption at an individual level alone has potential to worsen inequities in gendered alcohol-related harms and broader health outcomes. • Showcases how gender-responsive alcohol policy needs to be cross-sectoral and address upstream factors to protect women from alcohol harm. Drinking alcohol facilitates pleasure for women while also elevating disease risk. Symbolic expectations of what alcohol 'does in' life per lay insight (relax, identity-work, connect) sit in tension with scientific realities about what alcohol 'does to' women's bodies (elevate chronic disease risks such as breast cancer). Policy must work amidst – and despite – these paradoxes to reduce harm(s) to women by attending to the gendered and emergent configurations of both realities. This paper applies a logic of candidacy to explore women's alcohol consumption and pleasure through candidacies of wellness in addition to risk through candidacies of disease (e.g. breast cancer). Using qualitative data collected via 56 interviews with Australian women (n = 48) during early pandemic countermeasures, we explore how risk perceptions attached to alcohol (like breast cancer) co-exist with use-values of alcohol in daily life and elucidate alcohol's paradoxical role in women's heuristics of good/poor health behaviours. Women were aged 25–64 years, experienced varying life circumstances (per a multidimensional measure of social class including economic, social and cultural capital) and living conditions (i.e. partnered/single, un/employed, children/no children). We collated coding structures from data within both projects; used deductive inferences to understand alcohol's paradoxical role in candidacies of wellness and disease; abductively explored women's prioritisation of co-existing candidacies during the pandemic; and retroductively theorised prioritisations per evolving pandemic-inflected constructions of alcohol-related gendered risk/s and pleasure/s. Our analysis illuminates the ways alcohol was configured as a pleasure and form of wellness in relation to stress, productivity and respectability. It also demonstrates how gender was relationally enacted amidst the priorities, discourses and materialities enfolding women's lives during the pandemic. We consider the impact of policy regulation of aggressive alcohol marketing and banal availability of alcohol in pandemic environments and outline gender-responsive, multi-level policy options to reduce alcohol harms to women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Characteristics of identified natural mentors in the experiences and perceptions of early-and-middle-aged adolescent youth: Implications for formal youth mentoring practice.
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Brumovska, Tereza Javornicky
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HIGH schools , *EMPATHY , *QUALITATIVE research , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *AFFINITY groups , *HUMANITY , *MENTORING , *FAMILIES , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *EXPERIENCE , *TEENAGERS' conduct of life , *THEMATIC analysis , *TEACHERS , *SOCIAL networks , *SOCIAL support , *INTERPERSONAL relations , *FRIENDSHIP - Abstract
• Analysis of a subset data of 533 young people in the Czech Republic (mean age 13.6 years). • Youth identified and described their natural mentors in qualitative descriptive questionnaires. • Results describe the characteristics, risks and perceived benefits of natural mentors in youth' perspectives. • Young people identified peers, family members, and formal and informal education teachers and leaders. • Natural mentors were described as 'a good person' with a caring, attentive, kind, and friendly nature. Natural mentoring is a type of youth-adult relationship distinguished with the supportive and caring qualities. The complex conceptual definition as well as the youth-centred knowledge on this type of relationship in youths' daily experiences are missing in the literature. This empirical article reports the analysis of data subset exploring the experiences of youths in natural mentoring relationships in the Czech context. Overall, 533 young people (aged 11–16, mean age 13.4) in eight secondary schools in the Czech Republic participated in the qualitative open-ended questionnaire, identifying, and describing natural mentors from their social networks. The paper reports results of thematic analysis of selected questionnaire items on young people's experiences and perceptions of their identified natural mentors. Young people identified natural mentors most often (n = 105) among their peers or older friends. Besides, youths mentioned and described grandparents, older siblings, family acquaintances, schoolteachers, youth-group and sport leaders, and one-to-one music teachers as natural mentors. Identified mentors were most often perceived as 'a good person' with a caring, attentive, empathetic, nice, kind, and friendly nature who, as a result, is perceived as helpful and supportive. Results are discussed with recommendations for further exploration of natural mentoring as a type of youth–adult relationship, naturally occurring in institutions, organisations, and various youth-work settings where youth-adult interactions are part of the service/institution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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9. Millennial midwifery: Online connectivity in midwifery education.
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Geraghty, Sadie, Bromley, Angela, Bull, Angela, Dube, Mpho, and Turner, Cindy
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ALTERNATIVE education ,EMPLOYMENT ,HUMAN comfort ,INTERNET ,MIDWIVES ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,SOCIAL isolation ,TEACHER-student relationships ,MIDWIFERY ,QUALITATIVE research ,MIDWIFERY education ,QUANTITATIVE research ,THEMATIC analysis ,ATTITUDES of medical personnel ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore graduate midwives' experiences of completing a Bachelor of Midwifery online theory course and how that experience led to preparation for practice and future employment as a midwife. This study used a questionnaire, with the core research design having a quantitative component using open-ended questions, via the use of an electronic platform. The main themes emerging from the data that the graduates considered important issues were flexibility, isolation and lack of support. Course completion, experience of online learning/preparation for practice, and recommendations for improvement were identified as areas of importance for graduates of the online midwifery theory course. What is already known about the topic (see Table 3) • Limited literature exists on the experiences of midwifery students and the outcomes relating to the transition from traditional on-campus learning to online modes of educational delivery. • The assessment of graduate's experiences is vital to determine the overall success of programs and future directions towards a more contemporary approach to midwifery education. • Higher education institutions have witnessed a growth in enrolments in online midwifery education, as new technologies provide platforms for learning that are mobile, accessible for rural and remote students, and provide flexibility, work-life balance and is cost effective. What this paper adds • This paper has identified important factors including flexibility, isolation and support, that should be considered when online midwifery theory courses are designed. • Midwives who have graduated from online courses have forged successful careers in midwifery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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10. Adolescents de facto deported in Oaxaca, Mexico: Mental and emotional health impacts.
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Rodríguez-Cruz, Marta
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IMMIGRANTS , *WELL-being , *FOCUS groups , *RESEARCH methodology , *MENTAL health , *INTERVIEWING , *PARENT-child separation , *FEAR , *QUALITATIVE research , *ETHNOLOGY research , *HELPLESSNESS (Psychology) , *DEPORTATION , *TEENAGERS' conduct of life , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *EMOTIONS , *ANGER , *ANXIETY , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *PARENTS ,RISK factors of aggression - Abstract
This paper examines the experiences of adolescents from mixed migratory status families affected by deportation. We analyze the impacts on their mental and emotional health when they are separated from one parent in the United States, forcibly displaced with another to Oaxaca, and experience the consequences of their deportation in Mexico. We use a qualitative and ethnographic methodology. This paper focuses on data from semi-structured interviews and focus groups with 15 parents who had been deported from the United States and 53 adolescents who moved with them to Mexico. The data was collected between 2018 and 2020. The main findings show the existence of emotions that are sustained in the transnational flow and acquire new nuances upon return. They also show the emergence of new conditions related to family separation, all of which have an impact on the adolescents' well-being and on important areas of their lives, such as education. The research contributes to knowledge in two main ways: 1) it addresses the impacts of parental deportation on the well-being of adolescents in mixed-status families, which have typically focused on children; 2) it studies how parental deportation affects the mental and emotional health of adolescents de facto deported to Mexico, a field still little studied. • De facto deportation has mental health consequences among adolescents. • The forced nature of de facto deportation produces helplessness, aggression and anger. • The code of silence associated with deportation generates fear, stress, anxiety. • Ambiguous loss is accentuated at important moments in academic and developmental life. • Family separation and de facto deportation affect school performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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11. Exploratory study of the role of knowledge brokers in translating knowledge to action following global maternal and newborn health technical meetings.
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Norton, T. C., Howell, C., and Reynolds, C.
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INTERNET , *INTERVIEWING , *HEALTH policy , *MEETINGS , *PUBLIC health , *RESEARCH , *WORLD health , *QUALITATIVE research , *QUANTITATIVE research , *HEALTH literacy , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Objectives: There have been increasing calls for more research on interventions to successfully translate evidence-based knowledge into improved health policy and practices. This paper reports on an exploratory study of knowledge translation interventions conducted with participants of global health meetings held in Bangladesh in 2012 and in South Africa in 2013. We measured stakeholders' uptake of evidence-based knowledge in terms of their translation of this knowledge into actions around public health policy and practice. The research sought to determine whether participants shared and used knowledge from the meetings to improve health policy and practices in their settings and the factors influencing sharing and use. Study design: An exploratory study employed quantitative and qualitative methods of online surveys and in-depth interviews to collect data from all meeting participants. Methods: All participants in the Bangladesh and South Africa meetings were invited to complete an online survey during the meetings and over the following six weeks. Of 411 participants in the 2012 Bangladesh meeting, 148 participants from 22 countries completed the survey. Eleven of these respondents (from eight countries) were interviewed. Of the 436 participants in the 2013 South Africa meeting, 126 respondents from 33 countries completed an online survey; none of these respondents were interviewed. Results: The analysis revealed that most respondents used new knowledge to advocate for policy change (2012: 65.5%; 2013: 67.5%) or improve service quality (2012: 60.1%; 2013: 70.6%). The type of knowledge that respondents most commonly shared was clinical or scientific information (2012: 79.1%; 2013: 66.7%) and country-specific information (2012: 73.0%; 2013: 71.4%). Most 2012 respondents shared knowledge because they thought it would be useful to a co-worker or colleague (79.7%). Discussion: Findings on knowledge use and sharing suggest that most respondents saw themselves as knowledge brokers or intermediaries in a position to influence the translation of knowledge into action in health policy and practices in their countries. Results suggest that supporting knowledge brokers working in a local and regional context to spur change, as described in the paper, has the potential to improve health outcomes. Further research is needed to isolate specific interventions and their knowledge translation outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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12. Seeking care across the US-Mexico border: The experiences of Latinx and Indigenous Mexican caregivers of children with asthma or respiratory distress.
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Ortiz, Gabriela, Rodriguez, Sophia, Pozar, María, Moran, Ashley, and Cheney, Ann
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HISPANIC Americans , *HEALTH services accessibility , *QUALITATIVE research , *FOCUS groups , *SOCIAL determinants of health , *MEDICAL care , *INTERVIEWING , *RESPIRATORY diseases , *ASTHMA in children , *DECISION making , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *TOXINS , *ENVIRONMENTAL justice , *ENVIRONMENTAL exposure , *PSYCHOLOGY of caregivers , *CAREGIVER attitudes , *PSYCHOLOGICAL vulnerability - Abstract
Many Latinx and Indigenous Mexican populations in the United States Southwest live in unincorporated communities in the US-Mexico borderlands called colonias. These environmental justice communities often lack basic infrastructure, including healthcare services, prompting many to seek services across the border. However, due to geopolitical factors more vulnerable caregivers are limited to utilize healthcare services in the US. This paper reports the experiences and healthcare decision-making of caregivers living in colonias in the US-Mexico border region who care for children with respiratory health conditions. This study was carried out from September to December 2020. Focus groups and interviews were conducted with Latinx and Indigenous Mexican caregivers of children with asthma or respiratory distress. Qualitative interviews elicited caregivers' perspectives on the environmental factors affecting children's chronic health conditions and use of healthcare services. The analysis employed the concept of structure vulnerability to theorize geography as a structural determinant of health for caregivers faced with making healthcare decisions for their suffering from respiratory health conditions. A survey was administered to collect basic sociodemographic information. A total of 36 caregivers participated in the study. Structural factors including unincorporated community status and government inaction intersected with social determinants of health to prompt caregivers to cross the US-Mexico border to access healthcare services in Mexico for their children. Yet, more vulnerable caregivers (i.e., those without documentation status in the US) and their children, accessing healthcare services in the US was not an option limiting caregivers' ability to meet their children's healthcare needs. In such cases, geography acts as a structural determinant of health. This study shows the importance of geography in health. Rural unincorporated colonias located in the borderlands are precariously located and lack basic critical infrastructure including healthcare access. Within such places, historically and socially marginalized populations become invisible, are subject to the health effects of environmental hazards, and are limited depending on their positionality and thus vulnerability to healthcare services. • Municipal unincorporation contributes to health disparities among Latinx families in US-Mexico borderlands. • Latinx children in colonias are disproportionately exposed to environmental toxins. • Geography acts as a structural determinant of health for Latinx families in colonias. • A binational approach to health services should be prioritized for families in the borderlands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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13. Understanding the role of the Tanzania national health insurance fund in improving service coverage and quality of care.
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Osei Afriyie, Doris, Loo, Pei Shan, Kuwawenaruwa, August, Kassimu, Tani, Fink, Günther, Tediosi, Fabrizio, and Mtenga, Sally
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NATIONAL health services , *HEALTH services accessibility , *MEDICAL quality control , *INSURANCE , *QUALITATIVE research , *PRIMARY health care , *INTERVIEWING , *CONTINUUM of care , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *MOTIVATION (Psychology) , *FINANCIAL management , *QUALITY assurance , *HEALTH facilities , *STAKEHOLDER analysis , *COMPARATIVE studies ,DEVELOPING countries - Abstract
Health insurance is one of the main financing mechanisms currently being used in low and middle-income countries to improve access to quality services. Tanzania has been running its National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) since 2001 and has recently undergone significant reforms. However, there is limited attention to the causal mechanisms through which NHIF improves service coverage and quality of care. This paper aims to use a system dynamics (qualitative) approach to understand NHIF causal pathways and feedback loops for improving service coverage and quality of care at the primary healthcare level in Tanzania. We used qualitative interviews with 32 stakeholders from national, regional, district, and health facility levels conducted between May to July 2021. Based on the main findings and themes generated from the interviews, causal mechanisms, and feedback loops were created. The majority of feedback loops in the CLDs were reinforcing cycles for improving service coverage among beneficiaries and the quality of care by providers, with different external factors affecting these two actions. Our main feedback loop shows that the NHIF plays a crucial role in providing additional financial resources to facilities to purchase essential medical commodities to deliver care. However, this cycle is often interrupted by reimbursement delays. Additionally, beneficiaries' perception that lower-level facilities have poorer quality of care has reinforced care seeking at higher-levels. This has decreased lower level facilities' ability to benefit from the insurance and improve their capacity to deliver quality care. Another key finding was that the NHIF funding has resulted in better services for insured populations compared to the uninsured. To increase quality of care, the NHIF may benefit from improving its reimbursement administrative processes, increasing the capacity of lower levels of care to benefit from the insurance and appropriately incentivizing providers for continuity of care. • The NHIF influences service coverage and quality in complex ways. • NHIF reimbursement is crucial for facilities and its delay affects inputs for quality. • Lower levels of care benefit less from NHIF. • Need to improve reimbursement process to enhance quality of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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14. 'Love and knowledge': Enhancing knowledge, fostering belonging, and advancing caring skills among community caregivers for children of asylum-seekers.
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Mayer, Yael, Shani, Ayala, Dovrat, Ayelet, Oneyji Chinenye, Maryann, and Lurie, Ido
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QUALITATIVE research , *PSYCHOLOGY of refugees , *CHILD health services , *EVALUATION of human services programs , *COMMUNITIES , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *CAREGIVERS , *PROFESSIONS , *INFANT care , *LOVE , *CHILD care , *GROUNDED theory - Abstract
• The lack of early education services for the children of asylum-seekers is a significant problem worldwide. • The study focused on community daycares in Israel, known as the 'Babysitters'. • It examined an intercultural early education consultation program for undocumented caregivers working in Babysitters. • The program was designed to enhance caregivers' knowledge, sense of belonging and caring skills. • Alliances between counselors and caregivers were important and enhanced caregivers' sense of meaning and belonging. The lack of early childhood education services for the children of asylum-seekers is a significant problem in many countries. The urgent need for childcare and the lack of national solutions often lead to temporary and unregulated childcare services. This paper examines the case of community daycares, known as the 'Babysitters,' for undocumented children of African asylum-seeking families in Israel. These centers are generally staffed by undocumented community members. The study examined the C-SMART program, an intercultural consultation program provided by counselors to enhance community caregivers' developmental knowledge and caring skills for infants and young children. The qualitative study, guided by a grounded theory methodology, examined the caregivers' experiences and perceptions of learning within the C-SMART program. Fifteen undocumented African migrant and asylum-seeking caregivers shared their experiences in semi-structured interviews. Caregivers indicated that the consultation process included cultural tensions alongside moments of connection when shared cultural meanings were created. When the counselors demonstrated a humble, curious, and enabling attitude, the caregivers had significant learning moments and felt a sense of meaning and belonging that enhanced their caring skills. These results have substantial implications for the development of intercultural services for the caregivers of children from refugee or asylum-seeking families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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15. Evaluation of a virtual practice placement: A model to increase student capacity.
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MORGAN, Kate, WAGG, Amanda, PURSSELL, Edward, and KILBURN, Alison
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ONLINE education ,EVALUATION of human services programs ,VOCATIONAL guidance ,COMMUNITY health services ,INTERNSHIP programs ,HUMAN services programs ,QUALITATIVE research ,COMPARATIVE studies ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,LEARNING disabilities ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,NURSING students ,THEMATIC analysis ,MENTAL illness - Abstract
To describe the development and evaluation of a novel virtual practice placement. Health systems around the world face the challenge of recruiting and retaining sufficient nursing staff to provide high quality care. The need to train more nurses makes it hard to provide sufficient and varied high quality student placements to all students. This paper reports the result of one approach to the provision of a novel virtual placement for pre-registration student nurses. Online virtual placement evaluated by a questionnaire conducted after the placement. A total of 195 students attended the virtual practice placement between 10th October 2022 and the 10
th March 2023. The survey consisted of eight questions, of which one invited a qualitative response. A total of 188 students completed the questionnaire and provided feedback. Of these 84 were adult nursing students, 67 child, 36 mental health and one learning disability student. The virtual placement required considerable resources to run, however was deemed as valuable by most students. When asked to rate the overall experience out of 5, the median scores were consistently high: adult (Mdn=5), child (Mdn=4), learning disability (Mdn=5) and mental health (Mdn=5) and mean values consistently high across fields: adult (M=4.73), child (M=5), learning disability (M=5) and mental health (M=4.67). Qualitatively, there were four main themes that emerged from the questionnaire responses: increased understanding of community healthcare and holistic approaches to care; developing interpersonal skills; a positive impact on their future career opportunities and the value of realistic case studies. Virtual placements are a viable addition to traditional placements. However, they require careful planning and considerable resources including experienced and dedicated facilitators. Principles for the delivery of virtual placements were produced to replicate and share best practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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16. A critical analysis of newspaper accounts of violence against doctors in India.
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Samant, Mayuri, Calnan, Michael, and Kane, Sumit
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VIOLENCE in the workplace , *QUALITATIVE research , *NEWSPAPERS , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *THEMATIC analysis , *CONTENT analysis , *PSYCHOLOGY of physicians - Abstract
This paper presents a critical analysis of newspaper articles (N = 60) published in a leading vernacular newspaper about violence against doctors in India. Adopting a theoretical perspective that considers 'news as a cultural practice,' a qualitative content analysis was conducted to examine how the phenomenon is framed and presented in the news, i.e., what is problematized, what causal links are drawn or hinted at, what moral stance is taken or alluded to, and what solutions are proffered and why, to arrive at a nuanced understanding of various aspects of this social phenomenon. Three overlapping key themes emerged from the analysis, namely the narrative of victimization, the changing doctor-patient relationship, and the crisis facing the 'noble profession' of medicine. It reveals how the media shapes public opinion and attitudes towards the state of the medical profession while in turn, reflecting existing opinions, attitudes, and cultural values; the analysis also reveals missing perspectives such as the voices of the patients and the public. We highlight how the findings are not merely the dominant ways in which the rise in incidents of violence against doctors is reported and is understood in society, but how media might have shaped the popular discourse around the issue and why. We reflect on what the reportage says about the state of the medical profession and its standing in society in India. • The rise in violence against doctors in India has received much media coverage. • The coverage suggests that the doctor-patient relationship is under stress. • Doctors feel that they are being unfairly targeted and being treated unjustly. • A re-configuration of the social contract between doctors and society is needed. • Such reconfiguration is underway in some form in many countries across the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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17. Waiting for inpatient detoxification: A qualitative analysis of patient experiences.
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Neale, Joanne, Cairns, Beth, Gardiner, Kevin, Livingston, Wulf, McCarthy, Trevor, and Perkins, Andrew
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THERAPEUTICS , *HEALTH policy , *TREATMENT programs , *EVALUATION of human services programs , *ATTITUDE (Psychology) , *SUBSTANCE abuse treatment , *RESEARCH methodology , *TELEPHONES , *INTERVIEWING , *PATIENTS' attitudes , *CONTENT mining , *QUALITATIVE research , *REHABILITATION of people with alcoholism , *HOSPITAL care , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *DATA analysis software - Abstract
There is limited provision of inpatient detoxification relative to other treatments for alcohol and other drug (AOD) use. This means people often need to wait prior to detoxifying. However, waiting for healthcare is generally perceived as negative and stressful. This paper aims to understand patients' experiences of waiting for inpatient AOD detoxification to ascertain whether and how service-level policies and practices might be improved. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 32 people (20 males, 12 females; aged 25–67 years) who were waiting for inpatient detoxification. Data collection was part of a wider evaluation of a policy initiative started in 2021 to increase detoxification service capacity in England, UK. Interviews were professionally transcribed and data on waiting experiences were coded using qualitative software. Analyses were informed by new materialist thinking and undertaken via Iterative Categorisation. We found that waiting was constituted through five dimensions: i. duration; ii. support; iii. information; iv. preparations; and v. emotions. These five dimensions were multi-faceted and operated in and through wider interacting social, material, and affective forces (e.g., professional judgements, formal and informal relationships, the availability of beds and funding, bureaucratic procedures, the utility and relevance of information, and participants' diverse feelings, including desperation for treatment). Not all accounts of waiting were negative. The experience was complex, non-uniform and variable over time. Moreover, it affected how people felt and how they behaved. Changes to service-level policies and practices can potentially minimise the stress of waiting for inpatient AOD detoxification. The negative impact of waiting may be reduced if professionals more consistently engage patients in a wider range of constructive pre-treatment activities, offer regular 'check-ins' to mitigate any anxiety, explain changes in wait duration to help with planning and demonstrate fairness, and facilitate contact between those waiting to lessen feelings of isolation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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18. Cultural health capital and patient partner recruitment into healthcare improvement work.
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Woolf, Becky and Vinson, Alexandra H.
- Subjects
- *
CULTURE , *MEDICAL quality control , *STAKEHOLDER analysis , *SOCIAL capital , *MEDICAL care , *QUALITATIVE research , *QUALITY assurance , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *INTERPROFESSIONAL relations , *DATA analysis software - Abstract
A rising emphasis on patient involvement in clinical research and healthcare improvement has led to the steady incorporation of patients and caregivers into this work. However, interactional factors shaping recruitment processes are not well understood. In this paper, we present a qualitative analysis of interviews with twenty-six patients, family members, engagement staff and healthcare providers who are engaged in healthcare improvement work in the United States. We focus on how stakeholders account for recruitment decisions to participate in healthcare improvement work. We find that expressions of and judgments about patients' and caregivers' cultural health capital shape providers' decisions to extend invitations to participate in healthcare improvement work. These findings extend current conceptualizations of cultural health capital beyond the clinical encounter to reveal factors shaping patient recruitment into healthcare improvement work. In theorizing how cultural health capital shapes action in this new setting, we found that healthcare providers, engagement staff, and patients/caregivers attended to different aspects of cultural health capital when accounting for why they extended or received a recruitment pitch. We further found that participating in healthcare improvement work led to a boost in cultural health capital for patients and caregivers, which they could use to develop transmissible forms of cultural health capital for less centrally involved patients and caregivers. Finally, we describe how participants in healthcare improvement collaboratives account for a lack of diversity among partners. These findings help us hypothesize the consequences of recruitment processes that rely on displays and judgments of cultural health capital and identify possibilities for change. Using the case of healthcare improvement work in Collaborative Learning Health Systems, our findings advance past work on cultural health capital in medical sociology by theorizing the role of cultural health capital in recruitment processes. • Providers recruit patients for healthcare improvement work with subjective criteria. • Providers often recruit high-resourced, privileged patients that they "vibe" with. • Partners build cultural health capital from doing healthcare improvement work. • Recruiting for cultural health capital may exclude patients from diverse backgrounds. • The role of recruitment should be considered to improve partner representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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19. Medical education experiences among medical students with chronic health conditions: A qualitative study.
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Cabaniss, Peyton
- Subjects
- *
SOCIAL support , *CHRONIC diseases , *MEDICAL students , *RESEARCH methodology , *HEALTH status indicators , *INTERVIEWING , *QUALITATIVE research , *COMMUNICATION , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *STUDENT attitudes , *REFLEXIVITY , *THEMATIC analysis , *MEDICAL education - Abstract
Medical students with chronic health conditions are an underrepresented and often overlooked population in medical education. Previous research describes the dual roles they hold as both healthcare recipients and providers and details challenges they face related to accommodations and accessibility. However, less is known about how having a chronic health condition shapes the day-to-day aspects of medical education. To address this gap in knowledge, I conducted semi-structured interviews with eighteen medical students with chronic conditions and examined data using reflexive thematic analysis. Findings revealed the competing demands students face between medical school expectations and the need to manage their health. They work to reconcile these demands using tools like accommodations and strategic communication and by reconstructing narratives to re-assess self-imposed expectations. These participants understand having a chronic health condition as just one piece of their larger sense of self. Participants approach this understanding in individualized and nuanced ways, yet all share a cohesive view that their experiences having chronic health conditions inform their medical practice for the better through the development of genuine empathy for patients. This paper concludes with recommendations drawn from participant interviews of how medical schools can better support students with chronic health conditions. • Chronic condition management and medical training compete for time and energy. • Demands are reconciled at structural, interpersonal, and intrapersonal levels. • Having a chronic condition influences but does not define medical training. • First-hand healthcare experiences build genuine empathy and improve patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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20. 'On-the ground' strategy matrix for fostering quality participation experiences among persons with disabilities in community-based exercise programs.
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Tomasone, Jennifer R., Man, Kristiann E., Sartor, Jacob D., Andrusko, Kate E., Martin Ginis, Kathleen A., and Latimer-Cheung, Amy E.
- Subjects
- *
STRATEGIC planning , *PATIENT participation , *PATIENTS' attitudes , *QUALITATIVE research , *PHYSICAL activity , *COMMUNITY-based social services , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *PEOPLE with disabilities , *DATA analysis software , *EXERCISE therapy , *INTELLECTUAL disabilities - Abstract
The purposes of this paper are to (1) document the generation and refinement of a quality participation strategy list to ensure resonance and applicability within community-based exercise programs (CBEPs) for persons with physical and intellectual disabilities, and (2) identify theoretical links between strategies and the quality participation constructs. To address purpose one, a list of strategies to foster quality participation among members was extracted from qualitative interviews with providers from nine CBEPs serving persons with physical disabilities. Next, providers from CBEPs serving persons with physical (n = 9) and intellectual disabilities (n = 6) were asked to identify the strategies used, and examples of their implementation, within their programs. Additional strategies noted by providers and in recent published syntheses were added to the preliminary list. A re-categorization and revision process was conducted. To address purpose two, 22 researchers with expertise in physical and/or intellectual disability, physical activity, participation and/or health behaviour change theory completed a closed-sort task to theoretically link each strategy to the constructs of quality participation. The final list of 85 strategies is presented in a matrix. Each strategy has explicit examples and proposed theoretical links to the constructs of quality participation. The strategy matrix offers a theoretically-meaningful representation of how quality participation-enhancing strategies can be practically implemented "on-the-ground" in CBEPs for persons with disabilities. • An empirical, multi-step process was undertaken to gather end user input. • A matrix maps a "menu" of practical strategies to quality participation constructs. • Findings offer "how" to foster quality experience in disability exercise programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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21. Universal health coverage as hegemonic health policy in low- and middle-income countries: A mixed-methods analysis.
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Smithers, Daniel and Waitzkin, Howard
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- *
HEALTH policy , *MIDDLE-income countries , *RESEARCH methodology , *QUALITATIVE research , *LOW-income countries , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *THEMATIC analysis , *INSURANCE - Abstract
Universal health coverage (UHC) has become an influential global health policy. This study asked whether and to what extent UHC became a "hegemonic" health policy. The article consists of three parts: a historical timeline of UHC's rise, a bibliometric analysis of UHC in the literature, and a qualitative thematic analysis of how UHC is defined and the thematic content of those definitions. The roots of UHC can be traced to policies enacted by international financial institutions (IFIs) such as the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) during the latter half of the twentieth century. These policies caused the debt of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to rise precipitously and led the same IFIs and other institutions like the World Health Organization to become involved in the development and restructuring of health systems. UHC was presented as the leading method for financing development of health systems. As the bibliometric analysis shows, UHC has come to predominate in the literature around health system reforms. The thematic analysis based on a random selection of papers obtained in the bibliometric component of the study shows that often the term is not defined or only poorly defined. There is wide variation in the definitions, with many papers mentioning concepts such as quality, access, and equity without further clarification. Usually, papers define UHC to include tiering of benefits, with discussions of financing that focus on preventing "catastrophic [individual] expenditures" rather than discussing universal budgeting of a national health care system or national health insurance. We conclude that UHC has become hegemonic within global health policy, to the exclusion of discussions about other approaches to the transformation of health systems that are not predominately based on insurance coverage such as Health Care for All system, a system which provides equal services for the entire population. • Universal health coverage (UHC) has become hegemonic in global health policy. • UHC emerged largely as an initiative of international financial institutions. • UHC predominates in the literature and is often poorly defined or not defined. • Discussions of finances focus on individual spending instead of global budgeting. • UHC's hegemony diverts attention from other policies such as Health Care for All. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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22. The safe administration of medication: Nursing behaviours beyond the five-rights.
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Martyn, Julie-Anne, Paliadelis, Penny, and Perry, Chad
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MEDICATION error prevention ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,DRUG administration ,IDENTIFICATION ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,RESEARCH methodology ,NURSE-patient relationships ,NURSES ,NURSING specialties ,PATIENT education ,PATIENTS ,PATIENT safety ,PHARMACEUTICAL arithmetic ,PUBLIC hospitals ,TIME ,QUALITATIVE research ,JUDGMENT sampling ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
This paper discusses the findings from the observation phase of a more extensive, appreciative inquiry qualitative study exploring registered nurses' experiences of administering medications. The observations aimed to explore the participants' application of the five-rights of medication administration in practice. Twenty registered nurses working in inpatient medical/surgical units at a regional Australian hospital were observed administering medications from the commencement to the completion of their shift. A data collection tool based on the five-rights of medication administration was used. The findings indicated that medication administration was not as routine as the rights framework suggests. Indeed, what was observed rarely reflected all the criteria of the rights framework. Notably, in practice, some of the rights were unable to be observed because the critical thinking that underpins the rights are implicit. However, the participants were observed to implement strategies beyond those described by the rights framework that ensured safe and timely medication administration. In brief, medication administration in contemporary healthcare settings is more complicated than the linear process suggested by the rights framework. So more attention is warranted, to the safe practice strategies of nurses who, to deal with complex clinical contexts. Their person-centred strategies respond to patient circumstances and maintain safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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23. Nursing students' perceptions of a clinical learning assessment activity: 'Linking the puzzle pieces of theory to practice'.
- Author
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Pront, Leeanne and McNeill, Liz
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CONFIDENCE ,EDUCATIONAL tests & measurements ,EXPERIENCE ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,LEARNING strategies ,LONGITUDINAL method ,NURSING practice ,NURSING students ,PROFESSIONAL employee training ,STUDENTS ,STUDENT attitudes ,QUALITATIVE research ,JOB performance ,OCCUPATIONAL roles ,THEORY-practice relationship ,THEMATIC analysis ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
The nursing profession struggles with providing a bridge to close the theory to practice gap for students. Students are expected to graduate with competencies that promote their safe and comprehensive nursing care provision in accordance with professional standards. This paper reports on students' a simulated clinical educational intervention embedded into a second-year nursing student clinical topic offering experiential learning opportunities for a large cohort. Feedback was analysed using Braun and Clarke's (2006) thematic qualitative process to investigate student-learning experiences and present student perceptions of this experience. Three key themes were identified: support promoted learning, focus on the bigger picture and practice clarifies puzzle pieces. Students perceived the simulated clinical experience as beneficial to their confidence, learning and ability to develop their professional practice. Promotion of learning outcomes facilitated by the structured, supportive and educational approach was important for students. Nurse educators have a responsibility to develop learning experiences that enable student's ability to link theory to practice in context. Ongoing exploration and evaluation of this intervention is required however, such an approach appears to support student's knowledge development for transference across situations and within large student cohorts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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24. National survey: Developing a common approach to grading of practice in pre-registration midwifery.
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Fisher, Margaret, Bower, Heather, Chenery-Morris, Samantha, Galloway, Frances, Jackson, Judith, Way, Susan, and Fisher, Michael M.
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CONCEPTUAL structures ,RECORDING & registration ,RESEARCH methodology ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,MIDWIFERY ,QUALITATIVE research ,MIDWIFERY education ,QUANTITATIVE research ,THEMATIC analysis ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Abstract This paper presents the final phase of a national project exploring grading of practice in programmes leading to registration as a midwife in the United Kingdom. The aim was to develop a generic framework for grading practice, enhancing standardisation while enabling flexibility in application of current and new educational standards. A mixed method on-line survey considered existing practice assessment tools, factors contributing to robust and reliable assessment and perceptions of two assessment tools developed by the research team: a 'Lexicon Framework' and 'Rubric' , which were tested through scenarios. Participants included 170 midwifery and nursing academics, clinicians and students, representing 20 universities in the UK. Seven key themes emerged, from which an 'Evidence Based Model for Professional Practice Assessment' was developed. The proposed tools were overall positively evaluated and demonstrated a good level of reliability. A national tool to standardise midwifery practice assessment is recommended, and scope for transferability of our tools to all midwifery programmes and to nursing was identified. Other recommendations include engagement of key stakeholders in development of practice assessment documentation, and maintaining the professional purpose of grading practice as central to the process. A set of key principles for assessing practice is presented. Highlights • A national tool to standardise midwifery practice assessment is recommended. • Key stakeholders should engage in development of practice assessment documentation. • The professional purpose of grading practice should be central to the process. • Key principles and an evidence based model for assessing practice are presented. • A toolkit of generic resources supporting practice assessment is near completion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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25. The benefits and challenges of virtual SMART recovery mutual-help groups: Participant and facilitator perspectives.
- Author
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Beck, Alison K., Waks, Shifra, Argent, Angela, Deane, Frank P., Larance, Briony, Manning, Victoria, Baker, Amanda L., Hides, Leanne, and Kelly, Peter J.
- Subjects
- *
SUPPORT groups , *MOBILE apps , *QUALITATIVE research , *PARTICIPANT observation , *STATISTICAL sampling , *INTERVIEWING , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *SOUND recordings , *VIDEOCONFERENCING , *RESEARCH methodology , *TECHNOLOGY , *INTERPERSONAL relations - Abstract
• We provide new evidence for the benefits and challenges of accessing SMART Recovery mutual-help groups virtually via videoconference. • Identified benefits include availability, ease of access and the zoom chat feature. • Potential challenges included in-group engagement, group size, non-verbal cues, social interaction and technology problems. • Virtual SMART Recovery mutual-help groups appealed to different people under different circumstances. • Our findings have implications for research, training and practice. COVID-19 prompted widespread transition of face-to-face mutual-help groups to virtual delivery. Current understanding of the experience of virtual mutual-help groups is limited to 12-step approaches or asynchronous groups (e.g., forums). This paper explores participant and facilitator perspectives regarding the benefits and challenges of accessing SMART Recovery mutual-help groups virtually via videoconference. A self-selected convenience sample of participants (n = 29) and facilitators (n = 15) from SMART Recovery mutual-help groups in Australia were enrolled. Participants and facilitators were sampled to reflect experience of virtual groups delivered via videoconference ('online'), face-to-face groups ('face-to-face') or both types of groups ('both'). Telephone qualitative interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed using iterative categorisation. Participant and facilitators discussed their experience across eight interconnected themes benefits were typically discussed with regard to the (1) availability, (2) ease of access and (3) value add of the chat feature in online groups. Challenges largely pertained to (1) in-group engagement, (2) group size, (3) non-verbal cues, (4) social interaction and (5) technology problems. The impact of these challenges on participant and facilitator experience varied, and neither modality was consistently identified as superior. SMART Recovery mutual-help groups provided participants with another option for accessing mutual-help and appealed to different people under different circumstances. Depending on the needs and preferences of the individual, online SMART Recovery mutual-help groups may help to mitigate a range of barriers to help seeking and may also engage people otherwise unable or reluctant to engage in treatment. To inform training, practice and policy, improved understanding of the individual and contextual factors that enhance participant engagement, experience and outcomes is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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26. Corporate parenting in a pandemic: Considering the delivery and receipt of support to care leavers in Wales during Covid-19.
- Author
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Roberts, Louise, Rees, Alyson, Mannay, Dawn, Bayfield, Hannah, Corliss, Cindy, Diaz, Clive, and Vaughan, Rachael
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- *
SOCIAL support , *RESEARCH methodology , *SOCIAL workers , *INTERVIEWING , *PARENTING , *QUALITATIVE research , *SURVEYS , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *COVID-19 pandemic , *FOSTER home care - Abstract
• During COVID-19, care leavers in Wales looked to their corporate parents for support. • Social care workers sought to provide continued support despite lockdown restrictions. • Some young people felt supported, but others felt neglected and forgotten. • Corporate parenting responses had the potential to mitigate or compound adversities during COVID-19. • Evidence from this study supports on-going efforts in Wales to strengthen corporate parenting. This paper considers the support available to care leavers during the Covid-19 pandemic from their corporate parents. The paper contributes to a developing evidence base concerned with social work efforts to adapt and maintain support provision during the unprecedented circumstances, and provides insight into how such support was perceived and experienced. Funded by Voices from Care Cymru and Cardiff University, a qualitative, mixed method study was conducted which included a survey of Welsh Local Authority professionals (n = 22) and interviews with Welsh care-experienced young people aged 17–24 (n = 17). The findings of this paper show the propensity of corporate parents to provide protection against the adversities of the pandemic, or to compound difficulties. While some young people reported being both practically and emotionally supported, for others corporate parenting support was perceived as unavailable, unhelpful and / or uncaring. The Covid-19 pandemic provides a unique lens to consider the strengths, flaws and future opportunities for corporate parenting. The findings emphasise the need for parity of support for young people leaving care and consideration of national, local and individual responses is included. Yet consistent with findings pre-dating the pandemic, the findings reaffirm the enduring importance of both relationships and resources in ensuring good support for care leavers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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27. History in health: health promotion's underexplored tool for change.
- Author
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Madsen, Wendy
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- *
HEALTH , *FEMINIST criticism , *HEALTH promotion , *MUSEUMS , *PUBLIC health , *QUALITATIVE research , *COMMUNITY support , *RESEARCH personnel , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *HISTORY - Abstract
Objectives This paper outlined an argument as to why history and historians should be included in a healthy settings approach. Study design Qualitative descriptive study. Methods A narrative review of the literature across a broad cross-section of history, health promotion and public health disciplines was undertaken. Results Three reasons for including history were identified relating to the social role of history as a means of analysing social memory, of changing social narratives and by raising social consciousness. This allowed for a distinction between history in health and history of health. Precedents of this social role can be found in the fields of feminist and postcolonial histories, oral history and museums in health. Conclusion Reasons for why historians and health promotion practitioners and researchers have not previously had working relationships were explored, as were some of the factors that would need to be considered for such relationships to work well, including the need to recognise different languages, different understandings of the role of history, and a potential lack of awareness of the health implications of historical work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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28. "This is most likely not the correct vaccine": Analyzing COVID-19's viral spread and vaccine anxieties in Ghana, Cameroon, and Malawi.
- Author
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Ojong, Nathanael and Agbe, Eyram
- Subjects
- *
VACCINATION , *CONFIDENCE , *COVID-19 vaccines , *ATTITUDE (Psychology) , *RESEARCH methodology , *INTERVIEWING , *QUALITATIVE research , *EPIDEMICS , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *DATA analysis software , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Following the successful development of vaccines for COVID-19, attention turned to the problem of vaccine access. However, in contexts where vaccines are available, hesitancy remains a major problem. Informed theoretically by the scholarship on vaccine anxiety, this paper uses a qualitative research approach that included 144 semi-structured interviews to investigate how social and political dynamics shaped people's perspectives in particular environments in Ghana, Cameroon, and Malawi about COVID-19's viral spread and COVID-19 vaccines. Vaccines and the viral spread of COVID-19 are related to political tensions and class-related fractures in particular contexts, and how the public interprets COVID-19's viral spread and engages with vaccination is based on people's social and political environment and their experience. Subjectivities are also rooted in coloniality. Vaccine confidence goes beyond clinical and regulatory authority approvals, and encompasses forces that are economic, social, and political in nature. Thus, an exclusive focus on technical prescriptions for enhancing vaccine uptake will not achieve significant positive results. • Vaccines are related to political tensions and class-related fractures in particular settings. • Political context shapes how people view mandatory vaccination. • The body is a mirror of socio-political context. • Worries about getting COVID-19 vaccines cut across professional and income-related categories. • Distrust in vaccines has national and international dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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29. Evaluating Usability of a Digital Nutrition Education Module to Prevent Early Childhood Obesity in Home Visitation Programs.
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Zeldman, Jamie and Mobley, Amy
- Subjects
- *
USER-centered system design , *ARTIFICIAL feeding , *DIGITAL technology , *CHILDHOOD obesity , *HOME care services , *RESEARCH methodology , *HOSPITAL health promotion programs , *INTERVIEWING , *NUTRITION education , *SURVEYS , *QUALITATIVE research , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *SOUND recordings , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *RESEARCH funding , *THEMATIC analysis - Abstract
Home visitation programs offer a unique opportunity to implement a novel digital early childhood obesity prevention program. Evaluate usability of a digital infant feeding nutrition education module with key stakeholders (N=21) of a home visiting program in Florida. Home visitors (n=11) and enrolled mothers (n=10) of a home visiting program in Florida participated in a one-time, 45-minute qualitative interview via Zoom with a trained researcher using a semi-structured script based on constructs from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). Participants also completed a modified version of the mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ). Interviews were audio-recorded, deidentified, transcribed verbatim and coded by two trained researchers using an inductive thematic analysis approach based on TAM and SCT constructs to develop themes. MAUQ subscales were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Most participants noted that they liked the digital format, and specifically mentioned the visual or interactive components, convenience and accessibility of the information, and general preference for digital information over paper handouts. Home visitors were interested in content related to food allergies and readiness for solid foods, whereas mothers were interested in all of the infant feeding topics. Nonetheless, the majority (90%) reported that they would be very likely to use information in the learning modules as part of home visits. Usability of the module was high across all three MAUQ subscales (mean ratings out of 7±SD: ease of use = 6.88±0.2, interface and satisfaction = 6.90±0.4, usefulness = 6.78±0.1). Limited access to technology by parents, compatibility of the module with various phone types, and necessity of keeping information updated were mentioned by home visitors as limitations that may impact usability. The results revealed that a digital nutrition education module to prevent early childhood obesity was deemed usable by both staff and parents of a home visiting program. Future research is needed to determine impact on parental feeding behaviors and child health outcomes. University of Florida Mowery Innovative Research Fund [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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30. More than just 'free heroin': Caring whilst navigating constraint in the delivery of diamorphine assisted treatment.
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Poulter, Hannah Louise, Walker, Tammi, Ahmed, Danny, Moore, Helen J., Riley, Fleur, Towl, Graham, and Harris, Magdalena
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- *
NARCOTICS , *SUBSTANCE abuse , *INTERVIEWING , *QUALITATIVE research , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *DRUGS of abuse , *THEMATIC analysis , *HEROIN - Abstract
• Delivering HAT offers benefits over and above the provision of diamorphine. • Providers manage complex decisions regarding client safety, risk and polydrug use. • Negotiated flexibility and small acts of care enable treatment engagement. • Socio-structural factors constrain effective care provision. In 2020, drug related deaths in the United Kingdom (UK) reached the highest rate in over 25 years, with hospitalisations and deaths particularly impacting people who use illicit opioids such as heroin. Treatment systems are increasingly required to be innovative to engage the most vulnerable at risk from premature morbidity and mortality. Heroin Assisted Treatment (HAT) is an alternative treatment modality for people for whom more traditional forms of opioid substitution therapy, such as methadone, have been ineffective. Middlesbrough, a town in the North-East England, was home to the first service in the UK to implement HAT outside of a clinical trial setting which closed for operation in November 2022. Qualitative in-depth interviews with patients and health care providers (n =17) involved in the delivery of HAT were undertaken during 2021. This paper focuses on the health care provider interviews, the majority of which took place remotely. Interviews were audio recorded and thematically analysed. Health care providers navigated multiple layers of constraint during HAT implementation and delivery. We explore this in relation to three themes: 1) Negotiating risk and safety within treatment 2) More than a prescription: care beyond diamorphine 3) Internal and external delivery barriers and impact on treatment acceptability, identity and longevity. Negotiating and managing risks of polysubstance use was a complex task. Benefits regarding access to holistic care, improved therapeutic and social relationships were recognised by practitioners. The rigorous delivery schedule was the biggest barrier to engagement. Outside the treatment room, socio-structural factors posed additional challenges. Despite some operational complexities, health care providers viewed HAT as an effective method of engaging a high risk population with drug treatment services, with holistic benefits for clients over and above the treatment of opioid dependency. Findings will inform advocacy and innovation for future HAT interventions in England. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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31. «Becoming parents as mending the past»: care-experienced parents and the relationship with their birth family.
- Author
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Mauri, Diletta
- Subjects
- *
CHILD care , *INTERGENERATIONAL relations , *GROUNDED theory , *RESEARCH methodology , *FAMILIES , *INTERVIEWING , *PARENTING , *QUALITATIVE research , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *FAMILY relations , *DATA analysis software , *PARENTS - Abstract
• Becoming parents implies redefining the complex relationships with birth families. • This process opens up to care-experienced parents new relational adjustments, but also several challenges. • Care-experienced parents are able to cope in part by using skills learned within the Child Protection System. • The key role of positioning/protecting vis-à-vis the birth family. • The need to assuage concerns about the lack of an extended family for their children. This paper studies how care-experienced parents, i.e. parents with a looked-after background, represent their relationship with the birth family. This relationship appears to be crucial in the intergenerational transmission of maltreatment and may enable an understanding of the dynamics that mediate its reproduction. Constructivist Grounded Theory approach was used in this qualitative study. I conducted online in-depth semi-structured interviews with 17 care-experienced parents in Italy from May to November 2021. The interviews were analysed using open, focused and theoretical coding with the support of NVivo12 and the analysis itself was discussed with a board of care-experienced parents. The relationship with the birth family is an aspect that frequently emerges in the interviewees' narratives. Birth family is represented through the more physical dimension of its presence in everyday life, as well as in the more symbolic one linked to one's inner experience. This means that birth family is crucial even when contacts are sporadic or no longer possible. Interviewees see parenting as an opportunity to create new relational adjustments, particularly in reference to their relationship with birth families. In fact, an internal daily dialogue and renegotiation with their own complex family history appears to take place. New parents compare their own childhoods with their children's, with this placing further pressure on the actual relationship with the birth family. In this process parents show interesting resources, possibly acquired within the child protection system. This study highlights relevant aspects of the relationship between the birth family and care-experienced parents. It represents a promising approach to a better understanding of the links affecting the intergenerational transmission of maltreatment, also vis-à-vis the role of the child protection system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. How parents can help or hinder access to mental health services for young people.
- Author
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Platell, Monique, Cook, Angus, and Martin, Karen
- Subjects
- *
HEALTH services accessibility , *RESEARCH methodology , *INTERVIEWING , *MENTAL health , *PARENTING , *ADOLESCENT health , *PATIENTS' attitudes , *QUALITATIVE research , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *THEMATIC analysis , *PARENT-child relationships , *MENTAL health services , *HEALTH promotion , *ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
• Examining adolescent perceptions of their parents influence on their access and use of mental health services. • Use qualitative face to face interviews. • Parents were highlighted by adolescents as prominent influences in adolescent mental health journeys, however this influence could be positive and negative for the adolescent. • Highlights the complexity of the involvement of parents in their child's mental health service use. To explore adolescent experiences of accessing and utilising mental health service in Perth, Western Australia. This paper focusses on the adolescent identified influence of parents in accessing and using mental health services. Qualitative semi-structured face-to-face interviews with 22 adolescents aged 14–18 years old in Perth, Western Australia. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. The influence of parents on adolescents' experiences within the mental health system were grouped under three themes: parental involvement in accessing and continued use of mental health services for their children; parental understanding and awareness of child's mental health problems; parent–child relationship. It was common for adolescents to report that the influence and involvement of their parents could create facilitators and barriers to mental health care. This research highlighted the complexities in how parents can be both supportive and hindering influences in their child's mental health care. Adolescent experiences highlight the need for parents to be a key area of focus for mental health services and future reforms to support and improve adolescent mental health service use. Additional research is needed to explore how to effectively increase parental mental health literacy in the community and what factors are needed to create trusted parent-adolescent relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Exploring the Experiences of Left-Sided Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Radiation Therapy Using the Active Breathing Coordinator.
- Author
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Cashell, Angela, Qadeer, Jawaria, and Rosewall, Tara
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RADIATION therapy equipment ,BREAST tumors ,CANCER patients ,RESEARCH methodology ,HEALTH outcome assessment ,QUALITY assurance ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESPIRATION ,QUALITATIVE research ,QUANTITATIVE research ,BREATH holding ,THEMATIC analysis ,CROSS-sectional method ,PATIENTS' attitudes ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,INFERENTIAL statistics - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Medical Imaging & Radiation Sciences is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2016
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34. Stakeholder acceptance of digital team-based learning.
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Currey, Judy, Sprogis, Stephanie K., Burdeu, Gabby, Story, Ian, Considine, Julie, O'Donnell, Marcus, Gentle, Alex, Backhouse, Simon, and Oldland, Elizabeth
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COMPUTER assisted instruction ,CONTENT analysis ,EXPERIENCE ,HEALTH occupations students ,LEARNING strategies ,LONGITUDINAL method ,MEDICAL education ,NURSING education ,OPTOMETRY ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,STATISTICAL sampling ,SATISFACTION ,STUDENTS ,STUDENT attitudes ,SURVEYS ,T-test (Statistics) ,TEAMS in the workplace ,QUALITATIVE research ,PILOT projects ,USER-centered system design ,REPEATED measures design ,COLLEGE teacher attitudes ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ONE-way analysis of variance - Abstract
Team-Based Learning (TBL) can be associated with administrative processes that are labour intensive. A commercially-available online system offered an opportunity to reduce this burden. The aims of this study were to test the feasibility of integrating digital TBL into health curricula, and to explore the experiences and perspectives of students and educators participating in digital TBL. A prospective mixed methods design was used to survey postgraduate nursing and optometry students (n = 162), and educators (n = 8) at an Australian university. Student and educator perceptions of digital TBL collected were: usability (System Usability Scale); level of student engagement (Student Self-Report of Engagement); and user satisfaction post-participation in digital TBL (Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire). Mean Student Self-Report of Engagement Scores reflected high student engagement with significantly higher levels of engagement reported for digital (x ‾ =4.16, SD = 0.199) over paper-based (x ‾ =3.97, SD = 0.267) TBL (p = 0.001). System Usability Scores revealed students (during: x ‾ = 72.35, SD = 15.70; post: x ‾ = 74.02, SD = 14.00) and educators (x ‾ =75.0, SD = 15.12) perceived usability of digital TBL to be above average for systems on this scale. Students (x ‾ =2.40, SD = 0.19) and educators (x ‾ =2.36, SD = 0.80) were highly satisfied with digital TBL (Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire). High satisfaction and engagement outcomes suggest digital TBL is feasible, efficient, engaging and well accepted by stakeholders. • Digital TBL systems promise improved efficiency during Team-Based Learning delivery. • When implemented, these systems are well accepted by both students and staff. • Crucially, student engagement increases with digital TBL over paper-based methods. • Digital TBL is a highly feasible replacement for traditional TBL delivery methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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35. Promoting respectful maternal and newborn care using the Dignity game: A quasi-experimental study.
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Actis Danna, Valentina, Bedwell, Carol, Chimwaza, Angela, Chisuse, Isabella, Lyangenda, Kutemba, Petross, Chisomo, Tuwele, Khuzuet, Taxiarchi, Vicky P., and Lavender, Tina
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CLINICAL trials ,NURSING ,PROFESSIONS ,RESEARCH methodology ,NURSING schools ,GAMES ,QUALITATIVE research ,PRE-tests & post-tests ,PUBLIC hospitals ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESPECT ,DIGNITY ,THEMATIC analysis ,EDUCATIONAL outcomes - Abstract
This study assessed a) the impact of playing the Dignity board game on participants' understanding of respectful maternal and newborn care and b) participants' perceptions of how the game influenced their subsequent practice in Malawi and Zambia. Nurse-midwives' poor understanding of respectful maternal and newborn care can lead to substandard practice; thus, effective education is pivotal. Used in several disciplines, game-based learning can facilitate skills acquisition and retention of knowledge. a quasi-experimental study, using mixed-methods of data collection. Data were collected between January and November 2020. Nurse-midwives (N = 122) and students (N = 115) were recruited from public hospitals and nursing schools. Completion of paper-based questionnaires, before and after game-playing, assessed knowledge of respectful care principles and perceptions around behaviours and practice. Face-to-face interviews (n = 18) explored perceived impact of engaging with the game in clinical practice. Paired and unpaired t-test were used to compare scores. Qualitative data were analysed and reported thematically. The study was completed by 215 (90.7 %) participants. Post-test scores improved significantly for both groups combined; from 25.91 (SD 3.73) pre-test to 28.07 (SD 3.46) post-test (paired t = 8.67, 95 % confidence interval 1.67–2.65), indicating an increased knowledge of respectful care principles. Nurse-midwives performed better than students, both before and after. In Malawi, the COVID pandemic prevented a third of nurse-midwives' from completing post-game questionnaires. Qualitative findings indicate the game functioned as a refresher course and helped nurse-midwives to translate principles of respectful care into practice. It was also useful for self-reflection. The Dignity board game has the potential to enhance understanding and practice of respectful maternal and newborn care principles in low-resource settings. Integration into nursing and midwifery curricula and in-service training for students and healthcare workers should be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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36. How Covid-19 restrictions affected young people's well-being and drinking practices: Analyzing interviews with a socio-material approach.
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Törrönen, Jukka, Månsson, Josefin, Samuelsson, Eva, Roumeliotis, Filip, Svensson, Johan, Kraus, Ludwig, and Room, Robin
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MENTAL depression risk factors , *DIGITAL technology , *QUALITATIVE research , *IDENTITY crises (Psychology) , *INTERVIEWING , *SEDENTARY lifestyles , *LONELINESS , *EMOTIONS , *ANXIETY , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *STAY-at-home orders , *HOBBIES , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *LIBERTY , *ALCOHOL drinking , *COVID-19 pandemic , *WELL-being , *DRINKING behavior , *SLEEP disorders , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Background: The Covid-19 restrictions - as they made young people's practices in their everyday life visible for reflection and reformation - provide a productive opportunity to study how changing conditions affected young people's well-being and drinking practices.Methods: The data is based on qualitative interviews with 18- to 24-year-old Swedes (n=33) collected in the Autumn 2021. By drawing on the socio-material approach, the paper traces actants, assemblages and trajectories that moved the participants towards increased or decreased well-being during the lockdown.Results: The Covid-19 restrictions made the participants reorganize their everyday life practices emphatically around the home and communication technologies. The restrictions gave rise to both worsened and improved well-being trajectories. In the worsened well-being trajectories, the pandemic restrictions moved the participants towards loneliness, loss of routines, passivity, physical barriers, self-centered thoughts, negative effects of digital technology, sleep deficit, identity crisis, anxiety, depression, and stress. In the improved well-being trajectories, the Covid-19 restrictions brought about freedom to study from a distance, more time for significant others, oneself and for one's own hobbies, new productive practices at home and a better understanding of what kind of person one is. Both worsened and improved well-being trajectories were related to the aim to perform well, and in them drinking practices either diminished or increased the participants' capacities and competencies for well-being.Conclusions: The results suggest that material domestic spaces, communication technologies and performance are important actants both for alcohol consumption and well-being among young people. These actants may increase or decrease young people's drinking and well-being depending on what kinds of relations become assembled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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37. New approaches to qualitative interviewing: Development of a card sort technique to understand subjective patterns of symptoms and responses.
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Mammen, Jennifer R., Norton, Sally A., Rhee, Hyekyun, and Butz, Arlene M.
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ASTHMA , *BIOMECHANICS , *COMMUNICATION , *INTERVIEWING , *RESEARCH methodology , *CASE studies , *PARENTS , *HEALTH self-care , *QUALITATIVE research , *NARRATIVES , *PARTICIPANT-researcher relationships , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *SYMPTOMS , *ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
Background Ability to elicit individuals’ perceptions of complex behavioral processes can be challenging, as it hinges not only upon the skill of the researcher, but also upon assumptions of a shared language and individuals’ ability to recall, analyze, and effectively communicate events. In a case-based qualitative-descriptive study about teens’ experiences of asthma self-management, we found that variations in terminology and descriptions of events, symptoms, and responses made it difficult to understand teens’ experiences of asthma. In particular, teens’ conceptualization of their asthma symptoms and self-management responses differed from situation to situation, from other teens in the study, from the interviewer, and from prior reports in the literature. These differences across many levels made it difficult to identify patterns in individual processes of self-management, and among teens in general.. Objectives To address these challenges, we developed a card sorting activity to facilitate in-depth exploration of teens’ experiences of asthma. Design Case-based qualitative description. Setting: Teen-parent dyads (N=28) were recruited from the community, Emergency Department, Pediatric Pulmonary Department, and prior study subjects of a major medical center. Methods Teens first identified and then sequenced their own unique sets of asthma symptoms and self-management responses. Teens then developed contextually grounded narratives using the card sort they had created as a visual aid. Results This technique not only allowed us to bridge teen-interviewer communication barriers and develop shared terminology, but also resulted in a visible sequence of asthma symptoms and self-management responses. Conclusions The card sort technique facilitated researcher-teen discussion and enabled comparison of self-management patterns across teens in our study. This technique is potentially useful for other areas of research exploring behavioral processes with complex and individual-specific experiences, in particular those involving sequences of events and self-management responses. This paper delineates the development, utility, and potential applications of the symptom-response card sorting technique for research and clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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38. Personality and professional commitment of students in nursing, social work, and teaching: A comparative survey.
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Nesje, Kjersti
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HYPOTHESIS , *ANALYSIS of variance , *CARING , *COMMITMENT (Psychology) , *EMPATHY , *FACTOR analysis , *INTERPERSONAL relations , *LONGITUDINAL method , *NURSING students , *PERSONALITY , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *SOCIAL workers , *STUDENTS , *SURVEYS , *TEACHING , *MATHEMATICAL variables , *QUALITATIVE research , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *CROSS-sectional method , *DATA analysis software , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ONE-way analysis of variance - Abstract
Background Nurses are often portrayed as possessing specific traits and dispositions associated with care and empathy. The assumption has been that possessing these traits makes nurses competent, engaged, and well suited to their job. This proposition has been mostly normative, and few studies have investigated how this plays out empirically. Objective The aims of this study were to investigate (a) whether possessing a personality trait related to empathy and care was more common among nursing students than students in teaching and social work programs and (b) whether nursing students possessing an affirming personality trait judged themselves to be more suited to their future work – understood as commitment to the profession – than students in teaching and social work. Design A cross-sectional survey design was used. Participants and setting All first-year students attending seven Norwegian universities and university colleges were invited to participate in the study. Of the 1675 students who participated in the survey, 527 were nursing students, 668 were students in teaching, and 480 were social work students. A response rate of 65 percent was achieved. Methods The survey was conducted by Oslo and Akershus University College in the autumn of 2012. Data collection methods included both a paper-and-pencil questionnaire and an online survey. Instruments used included Blau's Career Commitment Scale and Orlinsky and Rønnestad's Interpersonal Adjective Scale. Analysis of variance and regression analysis were performed on the data. Results Nursing students did not differ from students in teaching and social work programs in terms of the degree of affirming personality trait. Furthermore, the regression analysis revealed an equally strong association between having an affirming personality trait and being committed to the profession among all these student groups. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that the narrative of nursing students as individuals who possess a special personality characteristic does not entirely reflect reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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39. Searching for an optimal balance: Dual career experiences of Swedish adolescent athletes.
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Stambulova, Natalia B., Engström, Cecilia, Franck, Alina, Linnér, Lukas, and Lindahl, Kent
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ADAPTABILITY (Personality) , *CONCEPTUAL structures , *EXPERIENCE , *HIGH school athletes , *INTERVIEWING , *LONGITUDINAL method , *SELF-perception in adolescence , *SOCIAL role , *SPORTS psychology , *STUDENTS , *QUALITATIVE research , *QUANTITATIVE research , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Objectives The paper presents a national level Swedish project aimed at examining adolescent student-athletes' dual career experiences (including sport, studies, and private life) during their first year at national elite sport schools (Swedish abbreviation RIGs will be used) with a particular focus on development of their athletic and student identities. The developmental model of transitions faced by athletes (Wylleman & Lavallee, 2004) and the athletic career transition model (Stambulova, 2003) served as underlying frameworks. Design A longitudinal mixed-method research design was used with autumn-to-spring quantitative and qualitative parts. Method Sixteen year old student-athletes, representing 27 sports and 33 RIGs ( n = 261 in the first and n = 250 in the second measurement), completed three quantitative instruments. Additionally, in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 participants. Results Results revealed (a) significant changes in the participants' transition/adaptation variables from the first to the second measurement accompanied by rather high perceived quality of adjustment at RIG both at the beginning and at the end of the educational year; (b) significant contributions of the transition variables to the perceived quality of adjustment with personal resources as a key predictor; (c) significantly higher athletic than student identity in both quantitative measurements, but with inter- and intra-individual differences with regard to balancing the two shown by the qualitative data. Conclusions The study contributes to deeper understanding of dual career experiences of Swedish adolescent athletes; the authors provide recommendations for psychological dual career support services at RIGs and outline future research in the Swedish dual career model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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40. Physiotherapy: a historical analysis of the transformation from an occupation to a profession in Brazil.
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Oliveira, Ana L. O. and Nunes, Everardo D.
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GOVERNMENT agencies , *CLINICAL competence , *OCCUPATIONS , *PHYSICAL therapy , *WITNESSES , *QUALITATIVE research , *ACCREDITATION , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Background: Analyzing the historical and social path of an occupation using the sociology of professions and the perspective of scientific knowledge promotes an understanding of the origin of physical therapy in Brazil and of discussions of the profession in its contemporary context. Objective: The aim of this paper was to discuss the professionalization process of physical therapy in São Paulo. The authors tried to analyze bath therapy, massage therapy, and physical therapy as occupations involving distinct expertise and as part of the group of occupations that evolved into the profession of physiotherapy in the first half of the twentieth century. Method: The analysis undertaken was a qualitative study based on an analysis of historical documents. Eighty-six professional records from the Service of Inspection of Professional Practice in the state of São Paulo and healthcare legislation from the 1930s and 1940s were analyzed. Results: The distinction between physical therapy practitioner and profession of physiotherapy can be seen by examining registration requirements for rank-and-file nurses with expertise in interactions; this distinction suggests the emergence of specialized expertise that was clearly a part of neither medicine nor nursing and contributed to expertise in physical therapy since the 1950s. Conclusion: The regulation of physiotherapy practices, the recognition of expertise, the accreditation of practical nurses by the State, and the institutionalization of a course for physical therapy practitioners in 1951 are key elements of the professionalization process for the physical therapy profession in Brazil [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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41. What are the primary concerns of nursing students as they prepare for and contemplate their first clinical placement experience?
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Levett-Jones, Tracy, Pitt, Victoria, Courtney-Pratt, Helen, Harbrow, Gwyneth, and Rossiter, Rachel
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ANXIETY ,BULLYING ,COLLEGE students ,CONTENT analysis ,INTERNSHIP programs ,RESEARCH methodology ,NURSING practice ,NURSING students ,PATIENT safety ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,STUDENT attitudes ,WORLD Wide Web ,CLINICAL competence ,QUALITATIVE research ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,EDUCATION - Abstract
Nursing students' first clinical placement experience can be a critical turning point -reinforcing professional aspirations for some, and for others, a time of emotional turbulence. There is a paucity of research focusing on students' perceptions and concerns prior to their first placement experience. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the concerns of first year bachelor of nursing students from one Australian university as they prepared for their first clinical placement. Participants completed an online 'readiness for practice' survey consisting of 22 items. This paper focuses on participants' responses to the one open ended question: 'Please comment on any concerns that you have in relation to being prepared for your first clinical placement'. Summative qualitative content analysis was used for analysis. 144 students (55%) responded to the open ended question. Responses were categorised into six themes including: Not prepared for placement; feeling nervous, anxious and worried; bullying and belonging; practicalities; patient safety and making mistakes; and working outside of my scope of practice. It appears that activities designed to equip students with the capacity to manage the inherent challenges of undertaking a clinical placement may sometimes have a paradoxical effect by increasing students' level of stress and anxiety. An enhanced understanding of students' concerns may help educators implement appropriate support strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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42. Medicinal plants used for cardiovascular diseases in Navarra and their validation from Official sources.
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Calvo, M.I. and Cavero, R.Y.
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CARDIOVASCULAR disease treatment , *ALTERNATIVE medicine , *CLINICAL drug trials , *FLOWERS , *INTERVIEWING , *LEAVES , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICINAL plants , *TRADITIONAL medicine , *QUALITATIVE research , *PLANT anatomy , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,THERAPEUTIC use of plant extracts - Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance This paper provides significant ethnopharmacological information on plants used to treat cardiovascular diseases in Navarra, Spain. Material and methods Information was collected using semi-structured ethnobotanical interviews with 667 informants (mean age 72; 55.47% women, 44.53% men) in 265 locations. Official sources such as the European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy (ESCOP), German Commission E, World Health Organization (WHO), European Medicines Agency (EMA), European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) and Real Farmacopea Española (RFE) monographs were consulted in order to establish the therapeutic efficacy of the reported uses and to obtain further details about quality and safety aspects. A literature review was carried out on the plants that were most frequently cited and were not the subject of a monograph, using a new tool developed by the University of Navarra, UNIKA. Results A total of 460 pharmaceutical uses were reported by the informants, belonging to 90 plant species and 39 families, mainly represented by Urticaceae , Rosaceae , Asteraceae , and Equisetaceae . The most frequently used parts of the plants were the aerial parts followed by leaves and flowers. Seventeen out of 90 plants (19%) and 208 out of 460 popular uses (45%) had already been pharmacologically validated in relation to their therapeutic efficacy and safety aspects. Conclusions The authors propose to validate five species for their use in cardiovascular diseases: Rhamnus alaternus L., Potentilla reptans L., Equisetum telmateia Ehrh., Centaurium erythraea Rafn and Parietaria judaica L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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43. Digital skills training for older people: The importance of the 'lifeworld'.
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Schirmer, Werner, Geerts, Nelly, Vercruyssen, Anina, and Glorieux, Ignace
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DIGITAL technology , *SOCIAL theory , *COGNITION , *ABILITY , *TRAINING , *QUALITATIVE research , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *MEDICAL needs assessment , *OLD age - Abstract
• Drawing on classical sociology, cognitive science, and qualitative data, this paper gives an account for how and why ICT trainings for older people can be made successful. • A possible reason for failing ICT training is a mismatch of lifeworlds. • ICT trainings can be more successful if they appeal to the current lifeworlds of older people. • If content and teaching approaches are connected to the older people's needs, values, and desires, integration of new ICT skills into the lifeworld of the older participants is facilitated. When everyday life becomes ever more permeated by digital technologies, many older people join ICT trainings to improve their digital skills. Given that digital skills include more than the command of technology (for instance, changing social practices) teaching ICT to people who grew up long before internet and social media can be challenging. The purpose of this article is to propose a theoretical account of a key element for how teaching digital skills to older people can be made successful. Drawing on qualitative interview data with 26 ICT instructors as well as concepts from sociological theory (lifeworld, role-taking) and cognitive science (dual process model), we argue that ICT training needs to take into account the lifeworlds of older participants. In order to be successful, ICT trainings have to appeal to the current lifeworlds of older people while at the same time overcome mismatching lifeworlds. By connecting content and pedagogics to the older adults' needs, values, and desires, instructors can successfully help integrate new skills into the lifeworld of the older participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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44. Antecedents of frustration in crowd work and the moderating role of autonomy.
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Strunk, Kim Simon, Faltermaier, Stefan, Ihl, Andreas, and Fiedler, Marina
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WORK environment , *FRUSTRATION , *MANUSCRIPTS , *WORK , *CROWDS , *RESEARCH methodology , *QUANTITATIVE research , *QUALITATIVE research , *SURVEYS , *AUTONOMY (Psychology) , *EXPERIENTIAL learning , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
This paper identifies antecedents to frustration arising in micro-task crowd work (MTCW) and measures their impact on a frustrating work experience. Surprisingly, research to date has said little on frustration in MTCW, despite it being a central challenge to working persistently in these increasingly important socio-technical work environments. Guided by an experiential computing perspective, we applied a mixed-method approach to reveal how the interplay between platforms and other workers' behavior shapes frustration experienced in MTCW. We present qualitative and quantitative findings on frustration in virtual MTCW. Based on 96 narratives, we qualitatively identify three dominant antecedents to frustration: technical problems in conducting tasks, platform competition and, the inability to disconnect from work. We subsequently conducted a quantitative two-wave survey (N = 181), to test the factors' impacts on MTCW frustration. The results confirm the three factors and additionally reveal that autonomy largely reduces frustration. However, autonomy also reinforces frustration arising from the inability to disconnect from work. Thus, workers' inability to disconnect from work can lure them into excessive availability for taking on additional tasks. Thereby, workers experience additional frustration and underutilize the benefits of autonomy in crowd work. Our manuscript offers three central contributions: First, we identify frustration as pivotal in the experience of MTCW and its antecedents. Second, we shed light on the heterogenous role of autonomy in relation to MTCW frustration. Finally, we link the findings on frustrating MTCW experience to experiential computing. • Identifying antecedents of experienced frustration in micro-task crowd work (MTCW) • Platform competition, technical problems, inability to disconnect spur frustration • Autonomy decreases frustration and eases coping with technical problems • Autonomy reinforces frustration from workers with inability to disconnect from MTCW [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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45. An overview of research on children's rights in primary school: A meta synthesis.
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Hareket, Erdem and Kartal, Ayça
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META-synthesis , *QUALITATIVE research , *STUDENT rights , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ELEMENTARY schools , *CONTENT analysis - Abstract
This paper focused on qualitative research on children's rights in primary schools. This study aimed to reconceptualize and interpret research findings to develop new insights rather than simply summarizing articles. The study adopted meta-synthesis, which is a qualitative research design. The sample consisted of 21 qualitative studies: 14 scientific articles from the International Scientific Indexing (n = 9) or the Social Sciences Citation Index (n = 5), and seven national theses (one Ph.D. thesis and six master's theses). Data were analyzed using inductive content analysis. The results show that most research on students' rights in primary schools addresses the right to participation but that some studies focus also on raising students' awareness of the right to education and children's rights. However, there is no research on other rights. Studies also make three recommendations: School staff should have a certain degree of literacy concerning children's rights; schools should adopt approaches based on children's rights; all segments of society should participate in training on children's rights. We also made some suggestions based on our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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46. Before and during COVID-19: A Cohesion Network Analysis of students' online participation in moodle courses.
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Dascalu, Maria-Dorinela, Ruseti, Stefan, Dascalu, Mihai, McNamara, Danielle S., Carabas, Mihai, Rebedea, Traian, and Trausan-Matu, Stefan
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ONLINE education , *ATTITUDES toward computers , *QUANTITATIVE research , *QUALITATIVE research , *UNDERGRADUATES , *TIME series analysis , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *PREDICTION models , *ARTIFICIAL neural networks , *STUDENT attitudes , *COVID-19 pandemic , *ALGORITHMS - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the entire world, while the impact and usage of online learning environments has greatly increased. This paper presents a new version of the ReaderBench framework, grounded in Cohesion Network Analysis, which can be used to evaluate the online activity of students as a plug-in feature to Moodle. A Recurrent Neural Network with LSTM cells that combines global features, including participation and initiation indices, with a time series analysis on timeframes is used to predict student grades, while multiple sociograms are generated to observe interaction patterns. Students' behaviors and interactions are compared before and during COVID-19 using two consecutive yearly instances of an undergraduate course in Algorithm Design, conducted in Romanian using Moodle. The COVID-19 outbreak generated an off-balance, a drastic increase in participation, followed by a decrease towards the end of the semester, compared to the academic year 2018–2019 when lower fluctuations in participation were observed. The prediction model for the 2018–2019 academic year obtained an R 2 of 0.27, while the model for the second year obtained a better R 2 of 0.34, a value arguably attributable to an increased volume of online activity. Moreover, the best model from the first academic year is partially generalizable to the second year, but explains a considerably lower variance (R 2 = 0.13). In addition to the quantitative analysis, a qualitative analysis of changes in student behaviors using comparative sociograms further supported conclusions that there were drastic changes in student behaviors observed as a function of the COVID-19 pandemic. • We evaluate students' behaviors before and during COVID-19 as a plug-in to Moodle. • A RNN combines global features with time series analysis to predict student grades. • Multiple sociograms are generated to observe interaction patterns. • A significant increase in online participation is observed during the pandemic. • The prediction model obtained an R 2 of 0.27 and 0.34 for the two academic years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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47. Caring in process: A 3-year qualitative longitudinal study of nursing students.
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Ambrosi, Elisa, Canzan, Federica, Mortari, Luigina, Brugnolli, Anna, Mezzalira, Elisabetta, Saiani, Luisa, and Heilemann, MarySue V.
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NURSING psychology ,NURSES' attitudes ,RESEARCH methodology ,PSYCHOLOGY of nursing students ,INTERVIEWING ,PATIENT satisfaction ,NURSING education ,QUALITATIVE research ,PHENOMENOLOGY ,NURSE-patient relationships ,CLINICAL competence ,HEALTH ,INFORMATION resources ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,THEMATIC analysis ,NEEDS assessment ,RESPECT ,EMOTIONS ,LONGITUDINAL method ,TRUST - Abstract
This paper aims to describe caring perceptions and behaviors among student nurses in Italy as they progress through their nursing education. As nursing students are potential nurses of the future, there is an expectation that in addition to appropriate academic qualifications, they will develop appropriate caring behaviors/attitudes. However, there has been some evidence that the educational process does not always modify their caring perceptions/behaviors or that the direction of the change is not always positive. A qualitative longitudinal design with three data collection points, was performed from October 2013 to October 2016 at the University of Verona, Trento Campus. Semi-structured interviews were conducted at the time of entry into a 3-year bachelor's degree program in nursing and at the end of the second and third years. Observation of the students during their clinical practice was carried out at the end of each of the three years of education. Thirty students commenced the study and 24 finished. Data were analyzed using a phenomenological approach. The iterative process of analyzing interviews and observations resulted in nine themes collectively from all three stages: establishing a trusting relationship with the patient, satisfying the patient's needs, paying attention, being respectful, being competent, giving time, being concerned with the emotional dimension, acting within context to facilitate caring actions and giving information. At the end of the third year the students' concept of caring was enhanced; their initial generic or lay view of caring turned into an intentional, competent, conscious, accountable and realistic caring approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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48. Combining patient talk about internet use during primary care consultations with retrospective accounts. A qualitative analysis of interactional and interview data.
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Stevenson, Fiona A., Seguin, Maureen, Leydon-Hudson, Geraldine, Barnes, Rebecca, Ziebland, Sue, Pope, Catherine, Murray, Elizabeth, and Atherton, Helen
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PHYSICIAN-patient relations , *INTERNET , *FAMILY medicine , *SELF-management (Psychology) , *RETROSPECTIVE studies , *INTERVIEWING , *PRIMARY health care , *QUALITATIVE research , *MEDICAL referrals , *HEALTH , *INFORMATION resources , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ISOLATION (Hospital care) , *VIDEO recording - Abstract
Despite widespread acknowledgement of internet use for information about health, patients report not disclosing use of online health information in consultations. This paper compares patients' reported use of the internet with matched video recordings of consultations. The concepts of doctorability and epistemics are employed to consider similarities and differences between patients' reports in interviews and actions in the consultation. Data are drawn from the Harnessing Resources from the Internet study conducted in the UK. The data set consists of 281 video-recorded general practice consultations, with pre-consultation questionnaires completed by all patients, interviews with all 10 participating doctors and 28 selected patients. We focus on the 28 patient interviews and associated consultation recordings. A conversation analytic (CA) approach is used to systematically inspect both the interview and consultation data. In interviews patients presented use of the internet as associated with appropriate self-management and help-seeking. In consultations patients skilfully translated what they had found on the internet in order to provide grounds for the actions they sought. We conclude that patients translate and utilise what they have found on the internet to assert the doctorability of their presenting problems. Furthermore, patients design their talk in both interviews and consultations to accord with their understanding of the epistemic rights of both doctors and patients. Patients search the internet so they are informed about their medical problem, however they carefully manage disclosure of information to avoid disrupting the smooth running of medical interactions. • Patients seek information from the internet to support decisions to consult. • Patients seek information from the internet to support appropriate self-management. • Patients skilfully translate what they find on the internet to support requests. • Patients skilfully use the internet to invite action from their doctors. • Patients do not openly challenge the epistemic authority of the doctor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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49. Reflection on actions: Identifying facilitators of and barriers to using physical assessment in clinical practice.
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Byermoen, Kirsten Røland, Brembo, Espen Andreas, Egilsdottir, H. Ösp, Heyn, Lena Günterberg, Moen, Anne, and Eide, Hilde
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CLINICAL competence ,COLLEGE students ,CONFIDENCE ,HEALTH occupations students ,INTERVIEWING ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL logic ,NURSING assessment ,NURSING students ,REFLECTION (Philosophy) ,RESEARCH ,SELF-efficacy ,STUDENT attitudes ,QUALITATIVE research ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Current research suggests that nursing students do not apply all sets of physical assessment skills (PAS) learned in their nursing education. The aim of this study was to evaluate third-year nursing students' process of clinical judgment using PAS in clinical rotation. Specific focus was on how the process of clinical judgment affected when the nursing students performed physical assessment, and which types of knowledge were implied in their practice. Ten nursing students performed PAS independently while in clinical rotation; these performances were audiotaped and observed. Shortly after, individual semi-structured stimulated recall interviews (SRI) took place. Regardless of the nursing students' stated level of PAS utilization, self-efficacy or scientific knowledge, clinical judgment was primarily based on contextual factors and personal prerequisites. This study contributes to in-depth knowledge about how nursing students perform physical assessment, how they describe their clinical judgment process and their strategies towards systematically and confidently using PAS. We conclude the paper with pedagogical strategies and learning activities that can facilitate reflection-in-action and reflection-on-action. • Nursing students do not apply all sets of physical assessment skills. • Self-confidence and competence influence skills application. • Confidence and competence leads to appropriate skills appliance. • Articulation of clinical judgment can contribute to adequate skills utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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50. Did young women in South African informal settlements display increased agency after participating in the Stepping Stones and Creating Futures intervention? A qualitative evaluation.
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Willan, Samantha, Gibbs, Andrew, Shai, Nwabisa, Ntini, Nolwazi, Petersen, Inge, and Jewkes, Rachel
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POVERTY areas , *COMMUNICATION , *INTERPERSONAL relations , *INTERVIEWING , *RESEARCH methodology , *PARTICIPANT observation , *STATISTICAL sampling , *SEX distribution , *SOCIAL norms , *TIME , *WOMEN , *QUALITATIVE research , *FEMININITY , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *INTIMATE partner violence , *EVALUATION of human services programs , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
This paper investigates the impact of the Stepping Stones Creating Futures (SSCF) intervention on young women in informal settlements in eThekwini, South Africa. Specifically, whether following participation in the intervention the young women experienced a reduction in intimate partner violence, strengthened agency and shifted gender relations. Where changes occurred, it examines how they occurred, and barriers and enablers to change. SSCF is a gender transformative and livelihoods strengthening intervention using participatory, reflective small groups. Qualitative research was undertaken with fifteen women participating in the SSCF randomised control trial between 2015 and 2018. The women were followed over 18 months, participating in in-depth interviews at baseline, 12- and 18-months post intervention. To supplement these, eight women were involved in Photovoice work at baseline and 18 months and seven were included in ongoing participant observation. Data were analysed inductively. Data revealed many women changed their behaviours following SSCF, including: having more power within relationships, improved communication and relationship skills, increased resistance to controlling partners, shifting relationship expectations, emergence of new femininities and improved livelihoods. Despite these important shifts many women did not report a reduction in IPV. Nonetheless we argue most of the women, following the intervention, became more agentic. Drawing on the notion of 'distributed agency' as developed by Campbell and Mannell (2016), we show that SSCF bolstered the women's distributed agency. Distributed agency recognizes small agentic acts that women take, acts which to them are significant, it further notes that agency is temporal, fluid, dynamic and context specific. Women do not 'either have agency or not', rather being agentic depends on time, context and the particular incident. These findings provide an important contribution to the limited application of distributed agency and femininities work in informal settlements and are critical for policy and intervention science to reduce IPV and support women's agency. • South African informal settlements have high rates of intimate partner violence. • The Stepping Stones Creating Futures intervention strengthened young women's agency. • Women developed new skills, reduced violent confrontations and improved livelihoods. • However, many women remained in violent relationships. • Participatory, group-based, gender transformative interventions can reduce violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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