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As the Chief of Staff of the US Air Force General David L Goldfein put it at the Air Force Association's Air, Space and Cyber Conference in 2018, 'We usually have the dialogue about the Air Force we can afford. Source: Author analysis based on IISS, I The Military Balance 2019 i ; John Venable, "US Air Force: An Assessment of US Military Power", Heritage Foundation, 4 October 2018; Boston et al., I Assessing the Conventional Force Imbalance in Europe i ; author interviews with NATO and US Air Force commanders, London, 2019; Washington, DC, 2019; Berlin, 2019. The E-3 Sentry has set the global standard for AWACS aircraft since its introduction in the early 1970s by the US Air Force and subsequent acquisition by the Royal Air Force, French Air Force, NATO AWACS Force, and Royal Saudi Air Force. It is important to remember, however, that even if the US Air Force manages to secure the funding it has requested from Congress to cover 72 new fighters a year for the foreseeable future to allow expansion above the rate of old airframe retirement, and even if all 72 were to be F-35As, then the US Air Force fighter fleet would still be composed of 50% legacy fourth-generation platforms like the F-15 and F-16 in 2030.[43] In fact, the latest US Air Force budget estimates plan instead on 48 F-35s per year from 2020, augmented with eight new F-15EX fighters in the 2020 financial year, rising to 18 per year from 2021-24.[44] Eventually, the US Air Force may purchase as many as 144 F-15EXs to replace ageing F-15Cs in the air superiority and air defence roles by the mid-late 2020s, which will further reduce the ratio of fifth-generation fighters in the force.[45]. [Extracted from the article]

The article reflects on the implications of the government-defence industry relationship in three countries including the U.S., Germany and Great Britain. It informs that the Defence and Security Organisation (DSO) promotes the export of British goods and services. It mentions that the defense industry should be responsive towards national-security threats and there is a need of integration between civil and military technologies.

The article focuses on the control and regulation of defence industries in three countries including Germany, the U.S. and Great Britain. It informs that the british government controls the exports of military products by the Import, Export and Customs Powers (Defence) Act 1939 and the German government uses the War Weapons Control Act for exports of military equipment. It also mentions that the Arms Export Control Act (1976) controls the export of military equipment in the U.S.

The article reflects on the important dimensions of government's role as the customer of the defence industry in three countries including the U.S., Germany and Great Britain. It informs that the British military operations in the Balkans, Iraq and Afghanistan stimulated the readiness of the British Ministry of Defence to be a customer and the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) meet operational demand of armed forces. It mentions the Customer Product Management System in Germany.

The article focuses on the government-defence industrial relationship in three countries including Great Britain, the U.S. and Germany. It informs that the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) contracts for 50-billion U.S. dollars of services each year to the industry. It also mentions the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) in Sweden, the Customer Product Management (CPM) process and Federal Acquisition Regulations (FARs).

The article focuses on the risk associated with the nuclear weapons following their use on Japan in the end of Second World War. It states that under nuclear deterrence nuclear weapons are not used in military strikes over the last sixty-seven years. The U.S. has provided the benefits of nuclear deterrence to North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and its Asian allies. It states that there is possibility that nuclear weapons may be used in civil conflict in Pakistan or China.

The article focuses on a study which concludes that nuclear disarmament exist but is far behind from practice. It mentions that if the U.S. and Russia reduce their deployed strategic arsenals by 50 per cent by 2020, they would still have nuclear arsenals for their security. It mentions that the Great Britain and France have no plans to increase their nuclear weapons in future. It informs that most states gave up nuclear-weapons programmes due to the international non-proliferation norms.

The article focuses on mutual nuclear restraint by creating a stateof affairs in which all seven nuclear-armed states will decide that whether their nuclear arms are sufficient for their own security. It mentions that if the U.S. and Russia will start disarmament then smaller countries will follow them. It informs that further restrain will be on long range ballistic missiles and on warheads that possess risk of mutual vulnerability.

The article discusses the contribution of nuclear restraint at low numbers to international security. It mentions that the International Commission on Nuclear Nonproliferation and Disarmament established by Japan and Australia submitted its report in December 2009, which supported continued delegitimisation of nuclear weapons. It informs that disarmament policy adopted by Barack Obama, President of the U.S. faced resistance from the U.S. and members of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).

The article focuses on the launch of Global Partnership (GP) in the Group 8 (G8) countries, such as the U.S. as a key international policy on the terrorist acquisition of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) proliferation following the terrorist attacks at the World Trade Center in New York on September 11, 2001. It states that GP allows resources of many countries to be focused on terrorist tasks. It adds that further problem of GP has been the failure of some G8 countries.

The article discusses how unity are attained by Whitehall departments and agencies in the government of Great Britain. It says that the Department for International Development (DFID) program plays an important role in bringing coherence in departmental sections in the country. It also adds that ambassadors must be responsible and should act as the representative present in all National Security Council (NSC) meetings which will watch and direct the execution of the coherence strategy.

The article focuses on the role of Russia in the current world order. It cites a series of post cold-war political initiatives by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) that led to the August 2008 invasion of Georgia by Russia. It opines that though Russia may not economically strong as it was in the past, it will be unwise to count it out of the world equation. It also adds that from the cold war period, the NATO has transformed itself from a threat community to a community at risk.

The article focuses on the relations between Europe and the U.S. It states that the relationship between the two regions which was built after the cold war is breaking due difference in their ideology. It adds that if Europe does not remain in the partnership with the U.S., Europe will lack in defending its dignity though American exceptionalism, re-affirmed as the defence of dignity will still persist.

The article offers information on the U.S. departments which are the focus of the threat reduction programmes. It states that the Department of Energy supports the programmes through the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), while the Department of Defense (DoD) focuses on chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) threat reduction. It adds that the Department of State handles the export control, border security, and the Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund (NDF).

The article focuses on the role of democracy in the ideological survival of value in the U.S. in context of kinds of the values articulated by the philosophers. The values are instrumental i.e. the value derived so that it serves to promote some other value; existential i.e. people are the product of their needs and wants and finally, the value of absolute worth. The article further delves into the existence of democracy in the post-U.S. dominated world.

The article focuses on the sociocultural impact of immigration in Europe and the U.S. It states that due to the continued migration to the U.S., the multicultured society and ethnic minority of today will be in majority by 2050 and the U.S. will be uprooted from its ideological past of Europe. It adds that due to the rise of nationalistic attitudes in Europe, there are doubts of the continual existence of ideological bonding between it and the U.S.

The article focuses on interest of the U.S. in the European Union to work for a common goal together. There is a danger among western communities that one day the U.S. will conclude that Europe is of no use geopolitically or culturally. According to United states National Intelligence Council report the country does not see the European Union (EU) as an emerging centre of power in an increasingly multipolar world. However, the EU style supranationalism does not feature in it.

The article presents the factors that have contributed to the decline in the economy of the U.S. The article states that the present economic crises is a collective outcome of failure of political leadership, failure of moral purpose and failure to think long term. It further adds that the crises made west to loose its monopoly over the globalisation process.

The article presents information on arguments related to the past of the west and the disputes over where the centre of western civilization lies. The arguments relate to the true representative of historical and contemporary west. The article states that the reality that lies behind the west was defined by Great Britain followed by the U.S. The article also cites various texts which contend that the present international system in the U.S. is a continuation of the English of the 17th century.

The article discusses the efforts of former Russian President Vladimir Putin's efforts to strengthen the relations of Russia with Western Countries and regain its former power. Putin is stated to have transformed Russia's foreign relations, particularly with the U.S., by using the country's vast oil and gas resources. The article also examines the Russian-Georgian war which erupted in August 2008, reportedly deteriorating Russian economy and being responsible for the re-emergence of the Cold War.

The article offers arguments explaining the downturn in Russia's relations with Western Countries. According to the article, one relates to the several attempts made by these countries, headed by the U.S., to prevent former Russian President, Mikhail Gorbachev's economic reforms from succeeding. Empty promises of friendship and economic aid are stated to be other contributing factors of the collapse of Russia. Lack of co-operation and recognition as a powerful nation are listed among others.