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1. Scholastic Learning Problems of Skolt Lapp Children: Intellectual and Motivational Readiness, School Achievement and Official Plans for Schooling.

Author

Seitamo, Leila

Abstract

This paper presents a study of the educational problems of the Skolt Lapp children living in Finland. (The Skolt Lapps have a distinctively different culture from the rest of the Finnish people.) The study was designed to define: (1) to what degree cultural factors affect the educational readiness (intellectual functions, school motivation, and patterns of work habits) of these children, and (2) to what degree these cultural factors affect school achievement. Data collected on Skolt children, ages 6-15, were compared with data from a sample of Finnish children. Measures included intelligence tests, scales rated by teachers, children and parents, children's drawings, projective tests, half-open interviews, and observations. Recent developments in the education of the Lapps in Finland are discussed, including the general outlines of suggested bills and statutes drawn up by various committees. The reforms will attempt to grant the Lappish Language the position of an official language and language of instruction at all levels in schools, and encourage the development of curricula based on a Lappish cultural background. (ED)

Published
1974

2. National Planning of Research Libraries in Scandinavia.

Author

Hakli, Esko

Abstract

An overview is provided of the development of national planning and the centralization of research libraries in four countries: Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finland. Included in the review are cooperative projects and the actions of government and/or library commissions in each country. Planning at the local level and inter-Scandinavian efforts are excluded, as are standardization and other developmental work in library routines. In the chapter on Finland, a model is presented of the inquiry processes used in the planning objectives, and the participants in the decision making processes. Advantages and disadvantages are cited for planning as conducted by librarians and as carried out by outside experts. Suggestions are made for an optimal planning organization. (Author/SL)

Published
1974

3. Sixth Anglo-Scandinavian Public Library Conference on Public Libraries as Cultural Centres, Koli, Finland, 19th - 23rd August, 1970.

Author

Finnish Library Association, Helsinki. and Rautalin, Marja-Leena

Abstract

The developing role of the library as a center for cultural activity was the principal subject of discussion at the sixth Anglo-Scandinavian Library Conference. Aspects of this growing function which were treated in participants' papers included: the spectrum of activities which is encompassed by the word "cultural"; the library's role in co-ordinating cultural programs with related institutions in a region or locality; the public contact activities necessitated by the expansion of the library's traditional responsibilities and the importance of preserving the rightful place of the book and book-related activities as the focal point of new library programs. Other papers presented at the conference covered the topics of automation in British libraries and the future of the Anglo-Scandinavian Library Conferences. A narrative report of the post-conference study tour and a list of conference delegates are included. (JN)

Published
1970

4. Inter-University Student Selection for English 1974: A Joint Entrance Test Project of the Universities of Joensuu, Jyvaskyla and Turku.

Author

Jyvaskyla Univ. (Finland). and Kohonen, Viljo

Abstract

The report gives the results of the 1974 joint student selection entrance test for English, administered simultaneously at the universities of Joensuu, Jyvaskyla and Turku. The test battery comprised 309 multiple-choice items and was completed by 843 candidates. Hirvonen's paper examines problems of student selection and theoretical aspects of language testing. Kohonen gives a brief account of the planning and administration of the examination and provides the main results of a statistical analysis of the tests. Jarrett examines the translation analysis test, and Hughes and May analyze the listening tests. Roininen's paper is a sociological study of the candidates' opinions about the selection procedures and the tests. In each paper, some suggestions have been offered for the further development of student selection. The research was carried out under a grant from the Ministry of Education. (Author)

Published
1974

5. The Utilization and Communication of Research Results.

Author

Finnish National Board of Education, Helsinki. Research and Development Bureau. and Ala-Kurikka, Reijo

Abstract

This paper presents a system for the utilization and communication of educational research results to the decisionmaker and other interested persons. The system, developed by the National Board of Education of Sweden, explains what is meant by the utilization of research, analyzes the three stages of research, and presents several stages of research utilization. The document describes various means by which research results may be effectively communicated and suggests a form to be used to report on the dissemination of research findings. (Author/DN)

Published
1973

6. The Training of Teachers of Mathematics for the Secondary Schools of the Countries Represented in the International Commission on the Teaching of Mathematics. Bulletin, 1917, No. 27

Author

Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education (ED) and Archibald, Raymond Clare

Abstract

This bulletin is based upon reports to the International Commission on the Teaching of Mathematics concerning the development of the teacher of mathematics in the better secondary schools of different countries. For the most part, only those schools which are under the immediate direction of the Government have been considered. And even here discussion is limited to the best schools for boys and to the teachers in such schools. As a rule, the schools for girls are not as completely organized or of so high a standard. Included in this bulletin, when possible, are brief independent sketches of the educational conditions in the various countries, so that the readers may receive here in connected form condensed but definite accounts of the following phases of educational work in the country under discussion, in so far as they bear on the preparation of teachers of secondary mathematics: (1) the general educational scheme; (2) secondary schools and their relation to that scheme; (3) the mathematics taught in the secondary schools and the pupils to whom it is taught; (4) the inducements (such as salary, pensions; social position) to young men to take up secondary-school teaching as a profession; (5) the universities of the country, the courses of mathematics and allied subjects they offer, and the diplomas or certificates they confer. The countries profiled include Australia, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, England, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Roumania, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United States. The following are appended: (A) England: Cambridge local examinations, senior students; Oxford and Cambridge schools, examination board; University of London, matriculation examinations; (B) England: Entrance scholarships examination papers, Cambridge University; (C) France: Concours for admission to the Ecole Normale Superieure and for the Courses de licenses in 1913; (D) Agregation des sciences mathematiques; (E) Germany: Reifeprufungen; Lehramtsprufungen; (F) Japan; Examination questions. This bulletin was produced with the editorial cooperation of Smith, D. E.; Osgood, W. F.; and Young, J. W. A. An index is provided. (Individual chapters contain footnotes and tables.) [Best copy available has been provided.]

Published
1918

7. The Effectiveness of Two Methods of Teaching English as a Foreign Language in Some Finnish Secondary Schools.

Author

Helsinki Univ. (Finland). Inst. of Education. and Casey, Daniel J.

Abstract

The purpose of the research reported in this paper -- (1) to describe in general terms the teaching of English as a foreign language in Finnish secondary schools, (2) to define method as it relates to language teaching and to develop an instrument to measure method as a quantitative value or a point on a continuum, and (3) to evaluate the effectiveness of English language instruction in specific skills by extremes in method. The two major theories of foreign language learning under consideration were the audiolingual habit theory and the cognitive code-learning theory. The research involved structuring a series of questionnaires (there were 339 university student respondents and 113 secondary English teacher respondents); developing an instrument to quantify method; and constructing an oral test battery (25 pairs of secondary pupils). Some of the results indicated (1) the students in general were "satisfied" with their preparation for university work in English, but less satisfied with teachers who used an excessive amount of translation; (2) there was general agreement among teachers on initial emphasis on aural skills, but disagreement concerning grammar. Some teachers seemed to be reluctant to relinquish elements of the "grammar-translation" method, in spite of their demonstrated preference for a direct approach. (AMM)

Published
1968