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The article offers poetry criticism of the poem "The Prelude," by William Wordsworth, focusing on the section "Cambridge and the Alps" in Book 6 of the poem. It examines the role of the poem in determining biographical information about Wordsworth from the summer of 1790, when he and friend Robert Jones traveled in Europe and the Alps. The author discusses the poem in light of cartography and a letter written from Wordsworth to his sister during the European tour.

The reduction of non-wage labour costs has become a top priority of virtually all social insurance reforms in the European Union. This paper starts out by discussing the levers politicians can theoretically manipulate to lower non-wage labour costs without undermining the equilibrium between revenue and expenditure in social security, focusing on pension schemes. After a discussion of general options open to policymakers, the paper discusses the reforms in Germany during the past decade, in particular the most recent pension reform that seeks to introduce a privately administered funded element into the statutory scheme. It concludes by critically assessing the extent to which this partial return to funding will allow the country to overcome the pending demographic crisis of social security, and by pointing to reform options that have not been considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses an exhibition currently hosted by the Royal Academy of Arts and devoted to over one thousand years of Byzantine art, featuring the most important and wide-reaching collection of artifacts from the Byzantine period displayed in Britain over the last fifty years. The exhibition is revealing not merely because of the objects on display but also because of what it says in connection to our contemporary understanding of Europe itself. The study suggests that the exhibition is indicative of a shift in the images of East and West. This is not to say that we are witnessing an end to the intra-European divide between East and West, but rather that the current geopolitical context has accentuated the notion of a division between Europe and Islam. Thus, the public are inadvertently presented with the false yet dominant idea that Islam represented and still represents the end or at the very least a caesura of European culture. A deeper insight into history, however, reveals a very different picture, as the persistence and legacy of Byzantine art and religious life were more or less guaranteed under Ottoman rule. great britain [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A review of the book "The The Civic Foundations of Fascism in Europe: Italy, Spain, and Romania 1870-1945," by Dan Riley is presented.

A review of the book "The Emancipation of Europe's Muslims. The State's Role in Minority Integration," by Jonathan Laurence, is presented.

A review of the book "Minority Rights in Central and Eastern Europe," part of the Routledge Series on Russian and East European Studies, edited by Bernd Rechel, is presented.

The article reviews the book "Flexibility and Employment Security in Europe: Labour Markets in Transition," edited by Ruud J. A. Muffels.

The article reviews the book "Transmitting Knowledge: Words, Images, and Instruments in Early Modern Europe," edited by Sachiko Kusukawa and Ian Maclean, part of the Oxford-Warburg Studies series.