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This article considers the impact of the book People's Law and State Law: the Bellagio Papers, edited by Anthony Allott and Gordon Woodman, published in 1985. It sets out why I consider this publication to be a seminal text in establishing and developing the field of legal pluralism, which had a great impact on both the development of the Journal of Legal Pluralism and on my own development as a young legal scholar. In looking beyond the text, I consider the ways in which scholars have engaged with the book's call for legal and social science to "work from a new map". In doing so I explore a recent arena of scholarship involving international intervention. The article highlights the important contribution that empirical studies can make to research on legal pluralism, by moving beyond the binaries of state and non-state actors, as well as through pursuing how scholars are adopting a more integrated and relational approach to law, one that may involve breaking down traditional disciplinary boundaries. In particular, I explore how concepts such as space and time contribute to a multi-dimensional, scalar perception of law at odds with a formalist, state-centred view of legal pluralism. This allows new insights to be generated into the operation of plural legal structures and constellations in which people operate allowing for a view of law that involves multiple networks of relations cutting across international, national and local boundaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The analysis of space and the use of geographic information systems (GIS) have long been important to natural resource applications. More recently, social scientists have been exploring ways to integrate spatial concepts with social science data related to natural resources for theoretical, practical, and methodological reasons. This trend is particularly evident with research in park and protected area (PPA) management and outdoor recreation. The purpose of this paper is to present an updated review of how space has been incorporated into PPA research, integrate concepts and methods, identify gaps, and propose future directions for research. Overall, this review suggests that the incorporation of spatially-related social science data is advancing the field PPA research in an effective and viable way. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this paper we present the first advances of an exploratory work, done with a qualitative focus. It emerges from the concern of teachers of a teachers' training superior institute (ISFD) and primary level teachers, on the connections between space and time in the journey through primary level school, the mass media influence and questioning the validity of the paradigm that states nearness as proximity as a signified content for learning. For that, we intended on investigating the Social Sciences' treatment in curricular documents and to learn from the classroom production about the area contents' treatment. The project covers the next stages of field work: documentary analysis, folder analysis, interviews with students, class observations and interviews with area teachers. The results of this study will allow strengthening social sciences' teaching in the initial formation of teachers and, at the same time, to create a feedback between training proposals for local teachers based on the educational reality of children who attend to schools in our ISFD's influence zone (Río Cuarto Department, WS of Córdoba). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the relation between subjects and standards in a way that is informed by a process orientation to theoretical psychology. Standards are presented as objectifications of values designed to generalize and stabilize experiences of value. Standards are nevertheless prone to becoming “parodic” in the sense that they can become obstacles to the actualization of the values they were designed to incarnate. Furthermore, much critical social science has mishandled the nature of standards by insisting that values are nothing but local and specific constructions in the mundane world of human activity. To rectify this problem, this article reactivates a sense of the difference between the idea of a finite world of activity and a world of value which points beyond and exceeds passing circumstance. Resources for the reactivation of this difference—which is core to a processual grasp of self, memory, and value—are found in the thinking of A. N. Whitehead, Max Weber, Marcel Proust, and Søren Kierkegaard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are over 50 years, in 1951, the theme of the 11th Congress of the Federation of Chief Executive Accountants held in Bordeaux on 26, 27, May 28, was notably about: "Accounting, what it is, what it should be, what it can become. " It seems that this problem is ongoing. When considering accounting in its deepest roots, the more conventional double-base or its latest developments based on international standards, we can ask whether the accounting followed a parallel course to the other sciences and techno-science or if it situated behind. Despite modern conceptual frameworks and full of good intentions but the narrow limits, can we not discuss the Aristotelian framework of accounting to provide a frame of reference wider and more effective? It has long been opposed the hard sciences and social sciences. In the field of hard sciences, we use the mathematical language that can make forecasts, and from this mechanical forecasting, the results are consistent with what was expected. There is a correspondence between the structure of mathematical language and structure of technical problems. On the contrary, in the social sciences, there is no direct connection between language and facts and it's never easy to predict and to equate behaviors and emotions of humans. In recent years, researchers have proposed ways, highways, on which future accounting could find its path. In a book about the time, E. Klein opposes the space that is the brand and demonstrates the power of man and time which is the mark of his weakness. Time is also the mark of a certain weakness of accounting. The space of accounting, by contrast, presents many opportunities. Accounting standard is almost like Greek tragedy with unity of time, unity of place, unity of action. The multiplicity of actions, complexity, leads to rupture of the unity of time. The accounting system of thought has some way to do, if only because many authors do not distinguish between the ontological status of the nature of income and capital, the epistemological question of the representation, and methodological question of the extent of income and capital. But if the concepts are not clearly highlighted and whether their measurement presents difficulties, we cannot even say they do not exist. In the future, once the sorting is actually done between theories and approaches multi paradigmatic, perhaps it will be easier to distinguish the positive scheme of pure science and pragmatic representation of the subject that professional and academic people are trying to make in their books and in their annual accounts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent revival of the theme of hospitality in the humanities and social sciences reflects a shared concern with issues of belonging, identity and placement that arises out of the experience of globalized social life. In this context, migration — or spatial dislocation and relocation — is often equated with demands for hospitality. There is a need to engage more carefully with the ‘proximities’ that prompt acts of hospitality and inhospitality; to attend more closely to their spatial and temporal dimensions. Is the stranger or the Other primarily one who is recognisably ‘out of place’? Or is there more to being estranged than moving from one territory to another? This brings us to the question of human finitude, and to the possibility of encounters with others that do not simply only occur in time or space, but are themselves generative of new times and spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the approaches adopted by various schools of economic thought towards dealing with space and time. Each school has its own approach, though their treatment of time and space has generally been implicit. These spatial and temporal factors determine, right from the start, the way both reality and the explanatory frameworks which are supposed to take account of that very reality are looked at. The purpose of examining these various economic approaches is to clarify the view of space and time that is reflected in their premises. These ultimately determine the sometimes radical differences that emerge when looking at various theoretical traditions. In the first section, a number of contributors to equilibrium theory (from Walras to Krugman) are brought together. The approaches they use are characterised by their historical relationships with physics and mathematics. In short, their view is that space is exogenous, unchangeable, objective and abstract. The second section concentrates on schools of thought rather than specific contributors. Institutional and territorial economics have developed different conceptions of space and time, drawing their inspiration from social science and complexity theory. Space and time are always concrete. Space is marked by contrasts: it is both specific and generic, given and constructed, endogenous and exogenous. Finally, in the context of territorial economics and complexity theory, the part played by those engaged in research and modelling is addressed in terms of the way space is constructed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Utopian thinking, and utopias as a genre, flourished as forms of the imaginary until recently. The emergence of the genre, with Thomas More, emphasizing spatial arrangement and with Louis-Sébastien Mercier invoking future orientation, I argue, is illuminated by placing them next to the economic enclosures of their time. (I treat the connection of enclosures and utopias as both a literary conceit and as an elective affinity.) Their utopias, however, closed off both the individual and time from the capitalist changes around them, allowing for little or no variation or expression of self. Thus, their imagined virtuous societies actually sought to foreclose the future and other spaces. The paradox is that capitalist development, with its admitted inequities and horrors, favored an expansive self and vital societies, which carry with them their own virtues. In spite of the ameliorative tendencies of utopias, their limitations, that is, their closed-mindedness, slowly but surely discredited the genre itself. Its place has been taken today by science fiction, futurist studies and the exercise of the imaginary in terms of social science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]