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This article highlights important points raised in a keynote speech delivered at the Guardian's Managing New Realities conference on 22nd March 2006. It draws particularly on the New Types of Worker project created by Skills for Care, and emphasises the need for local leadership to overcome the barriers to collaboration that are likely to prevent emergence of a remodelled workforce in practice, which is seen as central to effective implementation of the White Paper. The article underlines the need for: • a national coherent framework setting out the pathway to realising the visions set out by the White Paper • a local framework to deliver primary social care, with the primary care trusts and local government working as one • a common set of cultural values throughout health and social care • clear and agreed funding arrangements, along with a workforce development programme to keep pace with changing service requirements • public support for change, to achieve a seamless service without the gaps that lead to tragedy. It is through addressing these challenges to primary health and social care that the remodelling of the workforce will come about. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the La Habana 2016 workshop on writing scientific papers that was held in Cuba on March 9, 2016.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a scoping review on the implementation of Article12 in health care. The scoping review will provide a summary and overview of the key concepts and published literature on this topic internationally. Article 12 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) states that children have a right to express their views, to have them heard and for their views to be given due weight in all matters that affect them. Despite increased calls for Article 12 to be given attention in health care, there is little evidence to suggest this has been well implemented and embedded in Australian health-care delivery. The scoping review was undertaken to provide a summary and overview of the key concepts and published literature on this topic internationally. Design/methodology/approach: A five-step methodological framework described by Arksey and O'Malley (2005) was used to undertake the scoping review. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis was used as a guideline for undertaking the study selection. Findings: Children are still not routinely involved in health-care decision-making, are frequently left out of service planning and evaluation and the perception that they lack the capability to make rational decisions persists. Originality/value: While there has been a focus on research that investigates children's participation in health-care decision-making in recent years, there is little that directs attention specifically to the implementation of Article 12, particularly in Australian health care. Recommendations are made for further research in these areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comments on the challenge of reaching public health goals in light of current trends in chronic diseases, including HIV. Effort of the World Health Organization to reach people in developing countries with antiretroviral therapy; Focus of the World Summit on Health Research in Mexico scheduled for November 2004; Statement that two-thirds of the 10 million preventable childhood deaths could be prevented with effective low-cost interventions; Indication that "The Lancet" commissioned a series of articles that will be published before the Mexico summit which will provide examples of rigorous research on health systems that could lead to high-quality health services.

Background Developing age-friendly communities is a significant global policy issue. The WHO (2007) age-friendly cities and communities initiative has had a significant influence on the development of Ireland's Age-Friendly Programme. With research on such programmes still at an early stage, this paper critically examines the utilisation of the WHO age-friendly planning framework in an Irish context. It explores older adults' experience of living in two towns in an 'age-friendly' county and, in parallel, examines stakeholders' perspectives on the development of the county's age-friendly programme. This multi-perspectival approach facilitates an assessment of how the age-friendly county programme addresses older residents' needs, and illustrates how the WHO conceptual and planning framework has worked in an Irish context. Methods The paper reports on a study which employed a mixed-method, qualitative case-study research design, using a constructivist grounded theory approach to explore the lived experience of older adults, and a case-study framework for the stakeholder perspective. Results The research identifies salient social and cultural dimensions of the day-to-day lived experience of older people which, although they impact on the age-friendliness of the places in which they live, are neglected in the WHO framework. It also identifies a unique combination of economic, political, cultural, and organisational factors which have impacted on age-friendly programme development in Ireland. Conclusion In critically analysing use of the WHO age-friendly model, the paper suggests ways in which the model can be modified to better accommodate the diverse experience of older adults not only in Ireland, but also in other geographic and cultural contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts on medical topics including modern management of haemorrhoids, patient experience of postoperative symptoms after ambulatory surgery, and day surgery in rural India.

The article presents abstracts on ambulatory surgery related topics including the ambulatory surgery in the dental office, drug-induced sleep endoscopy, and ethic and professional aspects of ambulatory surgery.

This article discusses the Proceedings of the 19th International Conference of the Telemedicine Society of India (TSI) and the International Society for Telemedicine and eHealth (ISfTeH). The conference focused on emerging technologies connecting the Indian healthcare system and included presentations on topics such as tele-ICU management, telemedicine consultations in remote areas, and future trends in healthcare. The conference attracted delegates from various disciplines and included sessions, workshops, and exhibitions. The article highlights the acceptance of virtual remote healthcare in India and expresses gratitude to the editors of Telehealth and Medicine Today for reviewing conference papers. [Extracted from the article]

This paper uses a drama-based method to illustrate the responses of healthcare and legal systems to women experiencing coercive control. This approach involved writing a play using the first-person narrative voice of a victim-survivor. We presented the play at the Stop Domestic Violence Conference (Gold Coast, Australia) in 2021. The central character, 'Kate', provided an embodied performance that enabled the conference participants to see, feel and understand experiences of coercive control from a personal perspective. We followed the trajectory of coercive control from the beginning of an intimate relationship to the time of separation. We showed how the process of coercive control escalates from love bombing, reproductive coercion, isolation, and technology-facilitated abuse until a point of police intervention. As Kate told her story, the conference audience witnessed the barriers and challenges faced by survivors of coercive control, and the emotional, financial, and psychological impacts that are intensified in geographically remote environments. They watched Kate navigate health and other systems meant to help women experiencing domestic and family violence, but that ultimately failed to deliver. Finally, the drama-based approach allowed us to present a feminist embodiment of coercive control and an innovative method for communicating inter-disciplinary research findings on domestic abuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An editorial is presented on presentations offered at the International Association of Bioethics' (IAB) 15th World Congress of Bioethics (WCB) hosted by the University of Pennsylvania in June 2020. Topics include expanding beyond clinical and medical ethics to encompassing public health ethics and matters of social justice; and committed to the defense of women's human rights and the eradication of violence in all interpersonal relationships.

Purpose: This is a position paper describing the elements of an international framework for assistive technology provision that could guide the development of policies, systems and service delivery procedures across the world. It describes general requirements, quality criteria and possible approaches that may help to enhance the accessibility of affordable and high quality assistive technology solutions. Materials and methods: The paper is based on the experience of the authors, an analysis of the existing literature and the inputs from many colleagues in the field of assistive technology provision. It includes the results of discussions of an earlier version of the paper during an international conference on the topic in August 2017. Results and conclusion: The paper ends with the recommendation to develop an international standard for assistive technology provision. Such a standard can have a major impact on the accessibility of AT for people with disabilities. The paper outlines some the key elements to be included in a standard. Implications for Rehabilitation: Assistive technology is a key element in rehabilitation, but many people have no access to affordable AT solutions. The recommendations in the paper aim to inform policies, systems and service delivery procedures on how to improve access to AT across the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Papers in the Special Section on Racial Disparities in Health Care stemmed from. the 60th Anniversary of Family Process Conference, The Heart of the Matter: Systemic Imperatives to Address Health Disparities and Racism in the Time of COVID, which took place in Washington, DC in September 2021. Of the 12 presenters at the conference, these four were asked to recreate their talks into articles. They address key issues that help to explain health disparities in people of color, particularly African Americans, in the United States, as well as suggest innovations to clinical interventions and health care delivery systems to better serve people who have suffered adversity from the racial inequities in the American system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents an introduction to the quality health care symposium held at the University of Chicago in November 2001. Importance of emphasizing quality care to control costs; Details on the mechanisms used for measuring quality of care; Details on the paper authored by Doctors Marshall Chin and Naoko Muramatsu.

The article focuses on the SPECIAL ISSUE OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IN HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT 2021. Topics discussed include papers presented covered diverse topics such as digital healthcare, mental health, public health and health economics as well as healthcare marketing and health caregiving; and selected papers are getting published in this special issue.

Health and social care systems are facing major challenges worldwide, due in part to changes in demography and advances in technology and in part to changes in the structure and organisation of care delivery. The IMA Health 2013 conference brought together health care managers, clinicians, management consultants, and mathematicians, operational and health service researchers, statisticians and health economists from across the world with a view to bridging the gap between the respective communities, to exploring recent developments and identifying opportunities for further research. The eight selected papers of this special issue have been grouped into two broad categories. First, there are five papers that report on studies conducted in or relevant to care provision within hospitals. The three remaining papers concern studies aimed at problems related to care provided outside the hospital including long-term care, community based care services and public health. A key learning point arising from these papers and the discussions that took place during the conference is that the systems modelling community need not only to focus their efforts in developing new and improving the performance of existing algorithms, but also in achieving better integration with qualitative research methods and with various relevant strands of the social sciences (ethnography, organisation behaviour etc.). In any case, collaborative projects which engage directly with those involved both in delivering and receiving health care is key if modelling is to make a difference in tackling the messy and complex problems of health and social care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In studies of diagnostic performance that fail to detect a statistically significant difference between compared techniques, investigators often declare evidence of equivalence or similarity without having actually tested that assertion due to incorrect methodology or insufficient statistical power.Objective: The purpose of our investigation is to measure the prevalence of unfounded assertions of equivalence or similarity in comparison studies presented at the International Pediatric Radiology (IPR) meeting of 2016 and promote awareness of this fallacy of inference to the pediatric radiology community.Materials and Methods: Two pediatric radiologists independently reviewed the methodology and reporting quality of the 194 scientific paper abstracts from the 2016 IPR meeting. All comparison studies were identified and those failing to detect a statistically significance difference and making a claim of equivalence or similarity in the results or conclusion were assessed for a description of the study design type, statistical power and sample size estimator calculation.Results: Of 194 scientific paper abstracts, 112 (58%) were comparison studies. Of these, 36/112 (32%) made unfounded inferences of equivalence or similarity in diagnostic imaging performance. No study had an equivalence or non-inferiority design. No abstract specified the statistical power of the study, and only one abstract acknowledged a small sample size as a limitation in detecting a statistically significant difference.Conclusion: Inadequate reporting and unfounded inferences of equivalence or similarity were common in diagnostic performance comparison studies presented at IPR 2016. Failure to recognize these limitations could have adverse consequences by leading to the adoption of unvalidated imaging techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Despite health and care services being performed by similarly skilled professionals, using largely the same technology and with similar levels of governance, there are few specialisms where there is an exclusive 'dominant' model of high performance or high reliability unlike other sector models (e.g. automotive lean production or six sigma for the electronics sector). Competition and confusion exists in the health and care setting which obscures the benefits of one approach over another. Aim and Objectives: Adopting an improvement methodology can generate an absolute denial that any other approach is legitimate or worthy of use. This methodological fanaticism is concerning and often based on highlighting differences with other models and approaches to the detriment of staff learning. This paper presents a review of the competing approaches and methodologies employed by health and care organisations as the medium through which improvement interventions are undertaken and how there are significant gaps within and between the logic, application and potential for change offered by each approach. The study draws from 9 case studies of teams and organisations employing the lean, the theory of constraints, Value-Based Health Care, service improvement and Bevan Prudent Principles approaches to change. The case study service reviews were conducted over a 4-year period using interviews and secondary data collection. Results: The cases show how, over time, some approaches have endured only a short lifecycle of improvement and reached a 'ceiling' or stall point before either being stopped or moving towards another of the approaches. The study supports the view that there is a mastery process which underpins the journey of improvement teams and also that selecting an ineffective improvement approach can have detrimental impact on learning as well as staff willingness to engage in change in the future. The results clearly indicate without an essential model then implementation of change achieves some benefits but these are largely from 're-engineering' processes rather than from a process of continual learning. In addition, some methods are clearly confused in terms of their promotion of value generation yet their focus on cost savings. Conclusions: Improvement approaches are not the same. They have different logics, focus and lifecycles. Incorrectly selecting a method can therefore fail to deliver the benefits sought. Further, if every improvement methodology promotes the important feature of staff learning then it is illogical that organisations and teams "lock themselves" into a single model which lacks an essential logic to learning rather than emulation. Emulation involves copying others who are perceived as successful and involves "borrowing methods" from other sectors to ground the health and care approach. This paper shows how decisions are not binary and why emulated methods tend to fail because a contingent and integrated care systems approach is ignored in favour of 'point improvements" within a system. Implications for applicability/transferability: The Toyota Motor Corporation does not just make cars and its divisions operate a bespoke 'Toyota Production System'. At the heart of the system are significant skills investments "To make good products - we must first make good people". These "dialects" of improvement are seldom understood by healthcare professionals who instead emulate without contextualising the sustainability of improvement processes and how they need to be 'contextualised to the health and care setting. Only staff can innovate and locking into a single improvement solution is found to be unwise and constraining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: NHS staff are no strangers to innovating practices or embracing new ways of working including technological, process innovations and improved competences to accommodate a variety of service demands. These pressures are increasing and combine with pressures to evidence positive changes in performance. The latter is a skill that few NHS staff possess, and few models exist to help guide professionals to conduct such assessments as to how contributed patients, staff, employer organisations, patient journeys across shifts and organisational hand overs have generated benefits. Aims and Objectives: This paper presents a model that has been developed to allow health and care staff to conduct and validate claims of improvement success. The paper is based on over 80 case studies of improvement that were conducted in Wales (over a 3-year period). It draws from the experiences of teams that have undertaken improvements across a wide spectrum of patient facing and support processes. The research draws from an extensive literature review, and the methodology was enacted using a training session (half day to full day of exercises and application) to introduce the methods to the improvement attendees and to allow them to calculate their savings in the form of released value and cost savings. The projects also included patients as informants to help coproduce the savings claimed. Results: The results of the practical methodology include a method of visualising the patient or service user pathway, distinguishing errors, issues and experiences of all staff, a structured project management approach and a systematic logic which relates 'time released' as the core currency of savings to a human resource constrained series of cases. Time is used to assess the combined activity cost savings for each staff member which is then converted into an annualised savings based on real demand for a service and allowing service users/staff to redirect their 'released time' towards more project and more personally rewarding higher value-added activities. The results show that no single project team (from those that voluntarily undertook the training) failed to create an output calculation of savings and typically the projects resulted in a significant payback that was many times the total annual salaries of the staff involved and have significantly improved process/patient experience performance levels as measured in terms of the 'sand cone' model (Rich et al., 2004). Conclusions: The methodology and its application have proven robust across a wide range of health and care settings. The results of the projects undertaken have been tested and validated with finance directors and their staff in terms of the usability and validity of the approach for the justification of savings. The method is therefore transferable and a means of engaging all stakeholders in improving a process. Significant savings have been achieved and validated at the team, patient pathway and national pathway approaches in Wales. Implications: The applicability and transferability of this form of assessment fills a gap in the skill sets of improvements undertaken by staff and adds another capability to innovation management processes. The 'easy to follow' method captures and allows a holistic assessment of a projects results on process performance based on a realistic 'costed time saving' which quantifies efficiency gains and staff/patient gains in a less daunting approach than other forms of costing. The approach provides a meaningful addition to the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) improvement cycle by allowing the 'check stage' to be quantified and in answering the basic questions of senior executives and directorate leaders as to what 'return' can and did we make from allocating scarce staff time to improvement activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports that the council of the health applications section of Operations Research Society of America (ORSA), voted to award a dollar 500 cash prize to the author of the best paper included in the September 1976 issue. The criteria for selection of the best paper embodied in part the stated purposes of the Health Applications Section of ORSA. Among these are to advance health operations research through the useful applications of operations research to problems of the health-care system and the development and improvement of relevant methods and techniques of operations research. In addition,the Health Applications Section has recently been concerned with problems of demonstrated applicability of operations research in health as reflected by the testing and/or implementation of modeling approaches. Several papers and internally sponsored symposia have attempted to explore the reasons that may be underlying the apparent paucity of implemented results in the health industry.

The article announces that a Summer Institute in Methods of Survey Research will be held on June 25-August 17, 1984, by the Survey Research Center of the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan. The Sloan School of Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) will offer the program, "The Dynamics of Health Service Systems: Strategic Planning for Complex Health Organizations," on July 23-27, 1984, and "Management of Medical Technologies and Health Care Practices: Development, Utilization, and Costs," on July 30-August 3, 1984.

Purpose Reminiscence Therapy (RT) is a multi-sensory treatment that uses a combination of sight, touch, taste, smell, and sound to help persons with dementia (PWD) remember events, people, and places from their past lives [1]. This non-pharmacological treatment allows for improving the quality of life, cognitive function, and mental health of PWD. This paper presents the perspectives of healthcare providers using a comparative study between a web-based RT application and non-immersive virtual reality (VR) counterpart to understand the limitations and opportunities of both platforms for facilitating increased engaging experiences for PWD towards recalling memories while easing the therapy process for the healthcare providers. Method Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the study was conducted in two stages. The first stage focused on a qualitative descriptive study using focus group to explore the perspectives of healthcare providers' utilization of web-based and non-immersive RT as an intervention to support PWD's emotional health during the COVID-19 pandemic. The second stage focuses on capturing healthcare providers (HCPs) perceptions when interacting with the web-based and non-immersive RT tools as interventions during RT. Web-based reminiscence therapy (WBRT) is a digital reminiscence therapy application, with features to allow the users to create an individualized profile and upload media contents such as pictures, audio, and videos to facilitate reminiscence therapy. The non-immersive RT (NIRT) therapy digital platform takes place within a virtual living room environment. A living room was chosen as an appropriate environment due to its welcoming nature, ubiquity, and high understandability for PWD of all capacities, and its ability to support all types of interaction during the therapy, such as presenting pictures, viewing videos through the television, or travelling to another place of interest through a window, etc.). A total of ten HCPs were recruited from both GTU (Geriatric Transitional Unit) and GDU (Geriatric Dementia Unit) of Ontario Shores Center for Mental Health Sciences in Ontario, Canada for this research study. HCPs consisted of occupational therapist (n=2), behavioral therapist (n=2), recreational therapist(n=2), social worker(n=2), and nurse(n=2). Results and Discussion HCPs agree that both web-based and non-immersive RT provided a platform to upload customized content (photo, video, music, etc.) tailored to individual's needs. These approaches add value to their care and increases engagement, where PWD may connect more with the content than traditional RT methods. HCPs also agreed that digitalization provides an opportunity to store more personalized information and content to support reminiscence experiences. They believed that the digitalization of RT would reduce their need for paper copies or collection of tangible artifacts to promote efficiency, accessibility and continuity of care. HCPs indicated that digital RT via web-app or non-immersive platform could be implemented in combination with traditional RT as it could complement each other to facilitate dementia care. Our preliminary findings suggested that digital approaches could help advance reminiscence experiences for PWD. Our next step will focus on expanding the application for immersive VR supporting head- mounted displays, hand tracking, and physiological measures and we will conduct a usability study with PWD to expand our understanding of using RT digital tools with various levels of immersion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about several papers discussed at the International Medical Informatics Association meeting on building worldwide capacity for the health informatics workforce is presented. Topics included the history of health informatics, occupational standards and career opportunities and international initiatives. The author notes that a particularly interesting paper was delivered by Steven Bedrick and Bill Hersh on language barriers.

The application of agent technology to the solution of problems in health care has in recent years become increasingly common. A workshop on this area of research was held as part of the 16th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI-2004), in Valencia, August 2004, at which twelve papers were presented. This special issue contains extended versions of a selection of five of the papers presented at the workshop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Background: The Pediatric Trauma Society (PTS) is a multidisciplinary organization, with scientific presentations at its annual meeting addressing trauma care from prehospital through rehabilitation. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the scholarly areas of focus of presentations at the annual meeting over the society's first 5 years and evaluate research dissemination. Methods: Data were collected on abstracts presented between 2014 and 2018, including titles, authors, and abstract classification. PubMed and Google Scholar searches identified abstracts that resulted in publications. Journal impact factors were identified. Results: Over 5 years, 491 of 635 (77.3%) abstracts were accepted. The number of submitted and accepted abstracts increased, but the acceptance rate was stable (range = 72.1%–81.2%, p = NS [nonsignificant]). The most frequently accepted categories included "Epidemiology," "Abdominal or Thoracic Trauma," and "Neurosurgery or Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)," whereas "Trauma Nursing" and "Quality Improvement" were less common. Among the 2014–2016 abstracts, 55.4% of podium and 24.3% of poster presentations were published. Abstracts categorized as "Epidemiology," "Education & Injury Prevention," and "Neurosurgery or TBI" were commonly presented but uncommonly published. The median journal impact factor of publications was 2.1 and 2.0 for podium and poster presentations, respectively (ranging from 0.11 to 10.25). Conclusion: Most of the scholarly effort presented at the PTS remains unpublished. Published work is mainly in low-impact factor journals. Mentorship in the publication process and encouragement of multidisciplinary collaboration within the society are needed to address limitations in the number and potential impact of the scientific content of the annual meeting. This type of analysis is relevant not only to the PTS but also to any professional society seeking to improve its impact. JTRAN Journal of Trauma Nursing 1078-7496 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. 10.1097/JTN.0000000000000605 00008 3 RESEARCH The Pediatric Trauma Society Annual Meeting: An Analysis of Scholarly Output From the First 5 Years Knaus Maria E. MD Maria.Knaus@nationwidechildrens.org Berg Gina M. PhD, MBA gberg@kumc.edu Vogel Adam M. MD adamv@bcm.edu Prince Jose M. MD Jprince@northwell.edu Burd Randall S. MD, PhD rburd@childrensnational.org Gosain Ankush MD, PhD agosain@uthsc.edu Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (Drs Knaus and Gosain); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine–Wichita (Dr Berg); Texas Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Dr Vogel); Cohen Children's Medical Center and Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New Hyde Park, New York (Dr Prince); Division of Trauma and Burn Surgery, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia (Dr Burd); and Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Dr Gosain). Correspondence: Gina M. Berg, PhD, MBA, University of Kansas School of Medicine–Wichita, 1010 N. Kansas, Wichita, KS 67214 (gberg@kumc.edu). This study was presented at the 2019 Pediatric Trauma Society Annual Meeting in November 2019 in San Diego, CA. Author Contributions: conception and design of the study: G.M.B., A.G.; acquisition of data: M.E.K., A.G.; analysis and interpretation of data: all authors; drafting/revision the manuscript: all authors; final approval: all authors; accountability: all authors. The authors have no conflicts of interest or funding to declare. Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaloftraumanursing.com). September/October 2021 28 5 316 322 © 2021 Society of Trauma Nurses 2021 Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Background: The Pediatric Trauma Society (PTS) is a multidisciplinary organization, with scientific presentations at its annual meeting addressing trauma care from prehospital through rehabilitation. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the scholarly areas of focus of presentations at the annual meeting over the society's first 5 years and evaluate research dissemination. Methods: Data were collected on abstracts presented between 2014 and 2018, including titles, authors, and abstract classification. PubMed and Google Scholar searches identified abstracts that resulted in publications. Journal impact factors were identified. Results: Over 5 years, 491 of 635 (77.3%) abstracts were accepted. The number of submitted and accepted abstracts increased, but the acceptance rate was stable (range = 72.1%–81.2%, p = NS [nonsignificant]). The most frequently accepted categories included "Epidemiology," "Abdominal or Thoracic Trauma," and "Neurosurgery or Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)," whereas "Trauma Nursing" and "Quality Improvement" were less common. Among the 2014–2016 abstracts, 55.4% of podium and 24.3% of poster presentations were published. Abstracts categorized as "Epidemiology," "Education & Injury Prevention," and "Neurosurgery or TBI" were commonly presented but uncommonly published. The median journal impact factor of publications was 2.1 and 2.0 for podium and poster presentations, respectively (ranging from 0.11 to 10.25). Conclusion: Most of the scholarly effort presented at the PTS remains unpublished. Published work is mainly in low-impact factor journals. Mentorship in the publication process and encouragement of multidisciplinary collaboration within the society are needed to address limitations in the number and potential impact of the scientific content of the annual meeting. This type of analysis is relevant not only to the PTS but also to any professional society seeking to improve its impact. Bibliometrics Conferences Pediatric Research Scholarly activity Trauma SDC T Presentation of research findings as an abstract and the subsequent publication of the associated manuscript are necessary steps of the scientific research process (National Research Council, 2003). Without presentation and publication, methods cannot be disseminated, research findings cannot be validated, and patient care cannot be advanced. Bibliometrics, defined as the statistical analysis of written publications to determine research output and its impact, can serve as a marker of the quality of scientific output from an organization (Desai, Veras, & Gosain, 2018). The Pediatric Trauma Society (PTS) is a relatively young organization founded in 2011 after leaders in pediatric trauma sought to create a group dedicated to the prevention, advocacy, and data-guided care for injured children (PTS, 2011). In 2014, the PTS held its first annual conference in Chicago, IL. Since the first meeting, participation within the organization and at the annual meetings has substantially grown. In recognition of the high-level content presented at the annual meeting, the American College of Surgeon's Trauma Center Verification Program has included the PTS on the list of acceptable organizations in which trauma medical directors can seek membership and active participation to satisfy the requirement of national organization involvement (American College of Surgeons, 2019). The PTS is a multispecialty society, with membership that includes physicians, residents, nurses, advanced practice providers, students, prehospital providers, and other (such as psychologists, physical, occupational, respiratory therapists) specialists. Presentations at the annual meeting address pediatric trauma care over the entire continuum, from prehospital through rehabilitation, and include randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, clinical outcomes studies, and process or quality improvement studies. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the current study was to describe scholarly activity presented in the first 5 years of PTS annual meetings, identify topical areas of focus of presentations, and evaluate research dissemination of the findings of these presentations. METHODS: We obtained abstracts submitted for presentation to the PTS annual meetings from 2014 to 2018. Abstracts chosen for presentation were classified on the basis of whether they were podium or poster presentations. Author names and institutions were collected. Abstracts were grouped into one of 21 categories (as selected by authors at submission): basic or translational science, outcomes, clinical or surgical care, critical care, emergency medicine, education and prevention, epidemiology, innovation, guidelines, prehospital care, quality improvement, trauma nursing, trauma systems, rehab or psych or social work, firearms, abdominal or thoracic, vascular, thermal or burn, spine, neurosurgery or traumatic brain injury (TBI), and orthopedics. To best capture related publications, PubMed and Google Scholar searches were performed using abstract titles, key words, one or more of the authors, and author institutions. Only abstracts from 2014 to 2016 were included to allow a 2-year window for each abstract to be submitted as a manuscript and published. If a study had been published before the PTS annual meeting, it was not considered in the final count. After each publication was identified, the journal's impact factor for the year of publication was obtained using Journal Citation Reports. If an impact factor could not be found for a given year, the impact factor from the prior year was used. If a manuscript was not published in an indexed journal, the manuscript was still considered as a publication in the final count. Descriptive results are presented in frequencies (percentages) and medians (interquartile ranges) where appropriate. RESULTS: Over 5 years, 635 abstracts were submitted and 491 (77.3%) were accepted. Of those, most (69.7%) were podium presentations and the remaining (30.3%) were poster presentations (Table 1). Each PTS annual meeting had between 61 and 77 podium presentations over 4 days, but poster presentations increased from 11 in 2014 to 35 in 2018 (range = 11–44). Abstract submission increased from 98 (2014) to 149 (2018). Although the number of submitted and accepted abstracts has increased, the acceptance rate has remained stable (range = 72.1%–81.2%, p = NS [nonsignificant]; Figure 1). TABLE 1 Category 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Total Abstracts submitted, n 98 111 139 138 149 635 Abstracts accepted, n (%) 75 (76.5) 80 (72.1) 112 (80.6) 112 (81.2) 112 (75.2) 491 (77.3) Podium, n (%) 64 (85.3) 61 (76.3) 68 (60.7) 72 (64.3) 77 (68.8) 342 (69.7) Poster, n (%) 11 (14.7) 19 (23.8) 44 (39.3) 40 (35.7) 35 (31.3) 149 (30.3) Podium publication, n (%) 30 (46.9) 38 (62.3) 39 (57.4) 25 (34.7) n/a 107 (55.4)a Median impact factor, median  (IQR) 2.1 (1.6–2.8) 2.2 (1.2–3.4) 2.2 (1.4–3.7) 2.1 (1.1–2.2) n/a 2.1 (1.4–3.4)a Published in JTACS, n (%) 9 (30) 9 (23.7) 12 (30.8) 4 (16) n/a 30 (28)a Published in non-JTACS, n (%) 20 (66.7) 31 (51.6) 23 (59) 21 (84) n/a 74 (69.2)a Published in nonindexed journal, n (%) 1 (3.3) 0 (0) 3 (7.7) 0 (0) n/a 4 (3.7)a Poster publication, n (%) 0 (0) 7 (36.8) 11 (25) 5 (12.5) n/a 18 (24.3)a Median impact factor, median (IQR) n/a 1.1 (0.76–1.6) 2.1 (1.4–3.0) 2.5 (1.9–4.8) n/a 2.0 (1.1–2.4)a Published in JTACS, n (%) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (9.1) 0 (0) n/a 1 (5.6)a Published in non-JTACS, n (%) 0 (0) 5 (71.4) 8 (72.7) 4 (80) n/a 13 (72.2)a Published in nonindexed journal, n (%) 0 (0) 2 (28.6) 2 (18.2) 1 (20) n/a 4 (22.2)aNote. JTACS = Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery; IQR = interquartile range; n/a = not available. aPublication metrics for 2014–2016 only. Figure 1. Abstract submissions to the Pediatric Trauma Society over time. The number of abstract submissions to the Pediatric Trauma Society has steadily increased over time, whereas the acceptance rate for podium presentation has been relatively flat. "Epidemiology" was the most common abstract category (Table 2). This category was followed by "Abdominal or thoracic trauma" and then "Neurosurgery or TBI." The number of "Epidemiology" podium presentations stayed consistent each year (range = 7–13). The category with the most yearly variation was "Abdominal or thoracic trauma" (range = 3–14). Topical areas that were less represented included "Trauma nursing" and "Quality improvement." "Guidelines" and "Critical care" were the two categories with the lowest number of abstracts. Among the 342 podium presentations over the first 5 years, only 20 were focused on firearm-related trauma. The 2018 PTS annual meeting had a higher number of firearm-related presentations (n = 7; Figure 2). TABLE 2 Category 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Total Epidemiology 7 10 10 13 12 52 Abdominal or Thoracic Trauma 10 9 14 6 3 42 Neurosurgery or TBI 8 6 5 7 10 36 Education & Injury Prevention 7 6 5 7 8 33 Clinical Outcomes 6 5 5 7 9 32 Firearms 3 3 4 3 7 20 Trauma Systems 2 3 4 3 6 18 Clinical or Surgical Care 2 2 4 3 3 14 Spine 5 4 1 2 2 14 Rehab or Psych or Social Work 2 1 3 3 4 13 Orthopedics 1 3 2 5 0 11 Thermal or Burn 0 2 1 4 3 10 Quality Improvement 1 2 2 0 4 9 Trauma Nursing 5 0 1 2 1 9 Innovation 2 0 3 1 1 7 Vascular Trauma 1 0 0 3 3 7 Basic or Translational Science 0 1 1 1 1 4 Emergency Medicine 2 1 0 1 0 4 Prehospital Care 0 1 1 1 1 4 Critical Care 0 2 1 0 0 3 Guidelines 0 0 1 0 1 2 Note. TBI = traumatic brain injury. Figure 2. Categories of abstract submission to the Pediatric Trauma Society. The most common categories in aggregate were Epidemiology, Abdominal or Thoracic Trauma, and Neurosurgery/TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury). In any given year, one of these three categories was the most common for accepted podium presentations. Publication Outcomes: There was a noticeable lag time between presentation and publication of 1.4 and 1.8 years (see Supplemental Digital Content Figure 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JTN/A35). Thus, only accepted abstracts from 2014 to 2016 were analyzed for publication metrics. During that time, 193 abstracts were presented at the podium. Among these abstracts, 107 have been published as full papers (55.4%). Among the 74 posters presented, 18 were published (24.3%). Overall, 46.8% of presented abstracts from 2014 to 2016 were published as manuscripts in peer-reviewed journals. The Joseph J. Tepas Best Presentation Awards (established in 2016) recognize the best presentations at the annual PTS meeting by a physician and a nonphysician. Dr. Joseph Tepas has been memorialized as a model pediatric surgeon and researcher who built a pediatric surgery residency program dedicated to the expert care of injured and sick children. The publication outcomes associated with winners of the Tepas award are variable. For 2016, the abstracts presented by both Tepas award winners have been published as manuscripts, one in the Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (JTACS) and one in the Journal of Pediatrics. However, neither of the Tepas award-winning abstracts from 2017 has resulted in a published manuscript as of this manuscript's preparation. Publication Metrics: Published manuscripts presented on the podium had a median journal impact factor of 2.1 compared with a median impact factor of 2.0 for published manuscripts presented as a poster. The range of impact factors varied from 0.11 to 10.25 (see Supplemental Digital Content Figure 2, available at: http://links.lww.com/JTN/A36). The official journal for PTS is JTACS. A minority (28%) of accepted abstracts were published in JTACS, and the remainder (69.2%) were published in journals other than JTACS. Four (3.7%) were published in nonindexed journals. Among the 18 poster presentations, only one manuscript was published in JTACS. The remaining abstracts were published in non-JTACS (72.2%) and four (22.2%) in nonindexed journals. Most papers were published in surgical journals, followed by pediatric and emergency medicine journals. Only one of the nursing abstracts was found to be published and that was in the Journal of Trauma Nursing (JTN). Figure 3 compares rates of abstract acceptance versus rate of publication by topical categories. Those topics that were commonly presented but uncommonly published included "Epidemiology," "Education & Injury Prevention," and "Neurosurgery or TBI." We also found that projects in which a nurse or advanced practice provider was the first author were more often process or quality improvement projects and were less likely to result in publication. This could be because surgeons must publish to advance in their careers and gain professorship and other promotions, whereas nurses may not follow an academic career path. In addition, process and quality improvement projects can be difficult to publish unless they can demonstrate sustainability over time. Figure 3. Plot of abstract categories as the percentage of overall submissions versus the percentage published. TBI = traumatic brain injury. DISCUSSION: This study analyzed the scholarly output of the PTS over its first 5 years. We found that the number of abstracts submitted to the annual meeting has grown over the years and that slightly more than half of abstracts presented as podium presentations are published. Approximately a quarter of those presented as posters are published. Podium presentations were more likely to result in publication than poster presentations. Most publications were found in low-impact factor journals and published outside of the society's official journal. We have demonstrated the relationship between acceptance and publication by topical areas. Abstracts from topics with low representation (such as trauma nursing and vascular trauma) and those commonly presented but uncommonly published (such as Epidemiology, Education & Injury Prevention) may be an area of opportunity for the PTS to focus and improve dissemination of results specifically. This type of analysis is relevant not only to the PTS but also to any professional society seeking to assess and improve its impact. To our knowledge, the PTS is the youngest society to undertake this type of bibliometric review, but other societies have undertaken reviews of their scholarly output (Greig et al., 2019). Our results show that fewer abstracts make it to publication from the PTS than older and more established pediatric surgical organizations, such as the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Surgery (AAP-SoS) and the American Pediatric Surgical Association (APSA). Seventy-two percent of abstracts from the AAP-SoS annual meetings were published from 2009 to 2013, and 68% from the APSA meetings from the same period (Greig et al., 2019). Mentorship in the publication process and continued encouragement of nonsurgeon involvement in the society may address limitations in the number of peer-reviewed publications and improve the impact of the scientific content of the PTS annual meeting. The etiology for abstracts not progressing to peer-reviewed publications is multifactorial. One prior study found that abstracts may not become published because the author did not have enough time to write a manuscript or because a study was still ongoing (Sprague et al., 2003). A certain proportion of research may not even be submitted for publication if the study yielded negative results. The scientific community should encourage the presentation and publication of negative study results because of their potential clinical impact (Ivanov et al., 2017). Among the 491 presented abstracts in this series, only four were related to basic science. The focus on clinical research rather than basic science research is consistent with other pediatric surgical associations. A review of the abstracts submitted at the annual meetings for the AAP-SoS and APSA showed similar findings in the paucity of basic science submissions (Greig et al., 2019). The category with the highest number of abstracts presented at the PTS was "Epidemiology." This is not surprising, as identifying epidemiological data and trends is critical to preventing and treating pediatric trauma. To increase publication rates and to disseminate more clinically applicable research, the PTS has employed numerous strategies. In 2018, the PTS implemented a formal Publications Committee that reviews manuscripts in advance of submission to JTACS, the official journal of the PTS. The Publications Committee aims to improve acceptance rates by suggesting revisions and edits prior to submission. Authors competing for the Tepas Award are now required to submit a manuscript for publication to JTACS, which will likely result in a higher publication rate for the award-winning manuscripts. To address the low representation of nursing-led studies or low publication rates for nurse-authored studies, the PTS has formed a partnership with the Society of Trauma Nursing (STN). This partnership aims to increase the publication of nurse-led projects, including process and quality improvement. The STN-affiliated journal is JTN, which aims to disseminate generalizable quality improvement initiatives (traumanurses.org/resources/stn-journal). Because these efforts are relatively new, it is too soon to determine the impact on publication metrics for the annual meeting. In addition, we have identified topical areas commonly presented at the meeting but infrequently result in publications. Ongoing efforts should focus on the dissemination of results from this group of abstracts. LIMITATIONS: This study has several limitations. Despite extensive searching, we may not have identified all published manuscripts, particularly in nonindexed journals. We also may have missed publications specifically found in other research databases, such as Scopus or EMBASE. In addition, we did not analyze the publication metrics for studies presented at the 2018 annual meeting because of the lag time between presentation and publication. The use of the journal impact factor as a quality metric may be misleading. Journal impact factors can represent the importance and visibility of a journal in a particular discipline but are subject to variability (Paulus, Cruz, & Krach, 2018) and do not necessarily indicate manuscript quality. Finally, we have used bibliometrics to describe and understand the impact of the scholarly works presented at the annual meeting. The true impact would be measured by improvements in patient care resulting from disseminating this work but is not readily quantifiable. This study identified the volume of presentations that progressed to publications but did not specifically identify barriers; future research should delve deeper into this, possibly by follow-up surveys with abstract presenters. CONCLUSION: The PTS is a relatively new society and has made tremendous strides in its first 5 years related to the publication of the scientific meeting content. Although the number of abstracts submitted to the annual meeting is increasing, a large percentage of the scholarly effort of PTS members presented at the annual meetings remains unpublished. The published work is mainly in surgical and low-impact factor journals. Focused efforts to increase publication of presented abstracts, including implementing a Publications Committee, requiring abstracts desiring to be considered for awards to submit a manuscript, and partnering with the STN, are in place. Efforts to identify pediatric trauma research barriers are needed to advance patient care and improve outcomes for vulnerable and injured children. Ongoing evaluation of the scholarly body of work presented at PTS annual meetings will be useful in developing society and its members. KEY POINTS: Much scholarly work remains unpublished. The PTS has partnered with the STN to increase publication of nursing-led studies. Periodic evaluation of the scholarly body of work is useful in the development of a society and its members. Identify strategies to increase publication and dissemination of scholarly work to a wider audience to improve the care of the pediatric population. Acknowledgments: The authors thank Katie Leavitt, Senior Administrator for the PTS, and Brittany Fiore, Meeting Manager for the PTS, for their assistance in gathering records for this project. REFERENCES: American College of Surgeons. (2019). VRC Standards FAQs (Vol. 2019). Retrieved from https://www.facs.org/quality-programs/trauma/tqp/center-programs/vrc/faq/standards Desai N. Veras L. V. Gosain A. (2018). Using bibliometrics to analyze the state of academic productivity in US pediatric surgery training programs. Journal of Pediatric Surgery , 53 (6), 1098 – 1104. doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2018.02.063 Greig C. J. Zhang L. Armenia S. J. Park C. J. Fischer A. C. Caty M. G. Cowles R. A. (2019). The impact of pediatric surgical specialty meetings: A 5-year analysis of presented abstracts. Journal of Surgical Research , 238 , 16 – 22. doi:10.1016/j.jss.2018.11.034 Ivanov A. Kaczkowska B. A. Khan S. A. Ho J. Tavakol M. Prasad A. Heitner J. F. (2017). Review and analysis of publication trends over three decades in three high impact medicine journals. PLoS One , 12 (1), e0170056. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0170056 National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Responsibilities of Authorship in the Biological Sciences. (2003). Sharing publication-related data and materials: responsibilities of authorship in the life sciences. Washington, DC : National Academies Press. Paulus F. M. Cruz N. Krach S. (2018). The impact factor fallacy. Frontiers in Psychology , 9 , 1487. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01487 Pediatric Trauma Society (PTS). (2011). Home page. Retrieved from https://pediatrictraumasociety.org Sprague S. Bhandari M. Devereaux P. J. Swiontkowski M. F. Tornetta P. 3rd. Cook D. J. Guyatt G. H. (2003). Barriers to full-text publication following presentation of abstracts at annual orthopaedic meetings. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery , 85 (1): 158 – 163. doi:10.2106/00004623-200301000-00024 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the International Cancer Nursing Congress, held from September 4-8, 1978, in London, England. The conference was sponsored by the periodical "Nursing Mirror" and the Royal Marsden Hospital. During the week, over 50 papers were delivered at the congress, which focused continually on nursing and the role of the nurse in care, particularly in the care of patients living and dying with cancer. The congress was opened by the Secretary of State for Social Services, David Ennals, MP, who also hosted a reception for the international delegates at the Savoy Hotel, London, later on the first day on behalf of Her Majesty's Government.

This paper is based on reflections from two ALARA conferences that explored whether four new leadership theories have a role in developing leaders of not-for-profit (NFP) organizations in Australia. The author first invited the attendees at ALARA's national conference held in Brisbane in 2011 to participate in an interactive workshop to explore four new leadership theories - authentic, servant, spiritual and relational leadership for their applicability to NFP faith-based organizations providing health and community care in Australia. The workshop was facilitated by the author along with an experienced facilitator who was attending the conference using an Open Space Technology (OST) meeting format to facilitate dialogue between participants utilizing a theme proposed for the meeting. At the start of the meeting the two facilitators briefly introduced the four leadership theories to be discussed. They then described the OST process. Next, participants were asked to announce discussion topics at the village marketplace that was created for the workshop. Groups of participants interested in a particular topic joined the discussion and the person who proposed the topic led the discussion. Summaries of the discussions were collected and posted by the group leaders. A final reflection took place in the open space (a circle of chairs with a space within) at which all the different groups were present. The reflections recorded at the workshop in the 2011 ALARA conference were analyzed and presented at the 2012 ALARA national conference held in Sydney and further discussed with two groups at this conference. The feedback from these two discussions formed the basis for action research cycles with the ALARA community that led to this the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which editor discusses articles in the issue on topics, the risk factors of delirium in paediatric and adult intensive care unit patients; the impact a nurse-led Focussed Ultrasound in Intensive Care; and peripheral nerve injuries in patients with COVID pneumonitis.

The second Pervasive Health column presents a retrospective of the most recent International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare (Pervasive Healthcare). The descriptions come from two perspectives: one from the technical program chair and one from an attendee and presenter. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A shared language and conceptual framework is essential to successful interprofessional collaboration. The World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provides a shared language and conceptual framework that transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries. This paper will familiarize readers with the ICF and describe the biopsychosocial perspective that is adopted in its conceptual framework and language. The presentation of a case study will illustrate how the ICF can enhance interprofessional learning by promoting a multidimensional perspective of an individual's health concerns. The case study will also highlight the value of the shared language and conceptual framework of the ICF for interprofessional collaboration. It is argued that a strong foundation in the principles exemplified by the ICF may serve to enhance interprofessional communication, and in so doing, encourage involvement in interprofessional collaboration and healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to describe how the inherent strengths of an evidence-based (EB) workshop can be combined with the conventional wisdom generated by a group of experts participating in a consensus conference. A traditional consensus conference is an appropriate way to arrive at the best current way to do something if the knowledge base is insufficient to make a scientifically rigorous EB analysis of the clinical problem. The result is the best opinion of experts in the field. The EB approach is the application of a repeatable review process to an existing knowledge base that is relevant to a focused question of clinical importance. It is a powerful tool that can help dentists in clinical decision-making processes. A combination of the EB approach with a consensus conference provides the highest level of evaluation and the strongest level of evidence upon which to make clinical decisions. Application of any of these sources of information can be used in the development of healthcare standards. However, standards are complicated statements that blend current scientific knowledge and clinical judgment with cultural, societal, and economic issues. When healthcare standards are being developed or revised, it is important that all sources of information be considered and the target population and purposes of the standards be identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2nd American Samueli Institute symposium was held January 22-25, 2004. The focus of this meeting was an exposition of optimal healing environments (OHE) in American health care. Fifty-five (55) invited guests participated; most had written one of the papers in this Supplement. The conduct of the meeting revolved around small group discussions and two plenary sessions. The ensuing dialogue refined and organized the definitions, components, and research protocols associated with creating and implementing an OHE. This Supplement contains both the invited papers and an abstract of the plenary session discussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The Emergency Department (ED) acts as a safety net for our healthcare system. While studies have shown increased prevalence of social risks and needs among ED patients, there are many outstanding questions about the validity and use of social risks and needs screening tools in the ED setting. Methods: In this paper, we present research gaps and priorities pertaining to social risks and needs screening tools used in the ED, identified through a consensus approach informed by literature review and external expert feedback as part of the 2021 SAEM Consensus Conference -- From Bedside to Policy: Advancing Social Emergency Medicine and Population Health. Results: Four overarching research gaps were identified: (1) Defining the purpose and ethical implications of ED-based screening; (2) Identifying domains of social risks and needs; (3) Developing and validating screening tools; and (4) Defining the patient population and type of screening performed. Furthermore, the following research questions were determined to be of highest priority: (1) What screening tools should be used to identify social risks and needs? (2) Should individual EDs use a national standard screening tools or customized screening tools? (3) What are the most prevalent social risks and needs in the ED? and (4) Which social risks and needs are most amenable to intervention in the ED setting? Conclusion: Answering these research questions will facilitate the use of evidence-based social risks and needs screening tools that address knowledge gaps and improve the health of our communities by better understanding the underlying determinants contributing to their presentation and health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author discusses the challenges facing health services and their staff across Europe. She informs that although at the conferences many innovative oral presentations demonstrating how high quality patient-centred care is being implemented are presented, many of these projects are not shared with others once the conference is over. She states that she wants to support such authors who do not have the time or experience to write their project up as a full paper for publication.

This perspective paper seeks to lay out an efficient approach for health care providers, researchers, and other stakeholders involved in interventions aimed at improving care coordination to partner in locating and using applicable care coordination theory. The objective is to learn from relevant theory-based literature about fit between intervention options and coordination needs, thereby bringing insights from theory to enhance intervention design, implementation, and troubleshooting. To take this idea from an abstract notion to tangible application, our workgroup on models and measures from the Veterans Health Administration (VA) State of the Art (SOTA) conference on care coordination first summarizes our distillation of care coordination theoretical frameworks (models) into three common conceptual domains-context of an intervention, locus in which an intervention is applied, and specific design features of the intervention. Then we apply these three conceptual domains to four cases of care coordination interventions ("use cases") chosen to represent various scopes and stages of interventions to improve care coordination for veterans. Taken together, these examples make theory more accessible and practical by demonstrating how it can be applied to specific cases. Drawing from theory offers one method to anticipate which intervention options match a particular coordination situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global health faces a broad spectrum of old and new challenges. Besides epidemiological problems, political conflicts, economic crisis and austerity policies are jeopardizing progress towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC), affecting the most vulnerable populations. During the 22nd International Union for Health Promotion and Education (IUHPE) World Conference on Health Promotion held in Curitiba, Brazil, in 2016, challenges and threats for global health, in addition to a wide range of innovative experiences in health promotion, were discussed with participants from 65 countries. At the end of the conference, a public statement was approved claiming for Democracy and Human Rights in all countries around the world as essential conditions for the promotion of health and equity. In this paper, we explore challenges, threats and innovations in global health promotion. We use scientific literature, analysis of the current situation of the Brazilian health system, and material presented during the 22nd IUHPE World Conference. Also, we discuss strategies to strengthen health systems, policies and practices through the approach of STI and illustrative local experiences presented at the congress mentioned above, including examples developed in the city of Curitiba. We conclude that STI is crucial to support strengthening local health systems, design effective intersectoral public policies, scaling up innovative initiates, and skilling staff in addressing the contemporary challenges. Finally, the Declaration of the 22nd World Conference on Health Promotion of the IUHPE is a fundamental policy statement based on the prioritization of democracy and human rights as essential conditions for the promotion of health and equity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Last year saw the 20th anniversary edition of JECP, and in the introduction to the philosophy section of that landmark edition, we posed the question: apart from ethics, what is the role of philosophy 'at the bedside'? The purpose of this question was not to downplay the significance of ethics to clinical practice. Rather, we raised it as part of a broader argument to the effect that ethical questions - about what we should do in any given situation - are embedded within whole understandings of the situation, inseparable from our beliefs about what is the case (metaphysics), what it is that we feel we can claim to know (epistemology), as well as the meaning we ascribe to different aspects of the situation or to our perception of it. Philosophy concerns fundamental questions: it is a discipline requiring us to examine the underlying assumptions we bring with us to our thinking about practical problems. Traditional academic philosophers divide their discipline into distinct areas that typically include logic: questions about meaning, truth and validity; ontology: questions about the nature of reality, what exists; epistemology: concerning knowledge; and ethics: how we should live and practice, the nature of value. Any credible attempt to analyse clinical reasoning will require us to think carefully about these types of question and the relationships between them, as they influence our thinking about specific situations and problems. So, the answers to the question we posed, about the role of philosophy at the bedside, are numerous and diverse, and that diversity is illustrated in the contributions to this thematic edition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: Research plays an important role in supporting integrated care (IC). However, IC networks may lack the capacity to leverage research. Moreover, many health system organizations (HSOs) struggle to identify and implement relevant research in a timely fashion. Embedded research is a promising strategy to align data with system priorities, increase the relevance and timeliness of evidence, and build capacity to conduct and use research. This study reviews two Canadian postdoctoral training programs that embed researchers in HSOs. We describe the programs, report on early lessons learned, and discuss implications for IC. Background: •IC is a priority in many Canadian jurisdictions. For example, Ontario Health Teams (OHTs) were introduced in 2019 to organize care in a more integrated way. •Embedded research requires different skills than traditional research. In response, new training programs have developed such as the Health System Impact Fellowship (HSIF) and the OHT Impact Fellows (OHTIF) programs. Aims: This paper describes the HSIF and OHTIF models and presents early lessons learned. Through surveys, program data, and interviews with participants, we identify key challenges and opportunities. Combined with insights from program leads, we provide an in-depth look at the design and implementation of these programs and how embedded research can support IC initiatives. Highlights: The HSIF program was launched in 2017 and has embedded more than 200 fellows in over 100 HSOs across Canada. Host organizations determine research priorities and are matched with fellows. Distinctive features include a focus on impact-oriented research, co-supervision with health system and academic leaders, professional development, protected time for academic research, and a national cohort that fosters networking and collaboration. Promising outcomes include advancement of HSO goals, increased system capacity for research, and enhanced leadership skills and early career success among fellows. The OHTIF program is modeled on HSIF and places researchers directly in OHTs where they support local projects and learning across organizations. Launched in 2021, the program saw strong demand from OHTs and trainees interested in IC research. Distinctive features include its focus on IC, intensive training activities, and ongoing mentorship for fellows. Early feedback is promising but also suggests areas for attention, including the unique needs of rural and remote regions and the multiple, often competing demands that fellows encounter. Both programs involve patients and caregivers on their advisory panels and offer training in patient engagement. Conclusions: Embedded research is a promising strategy to support IC and health system research. Data from two Canadian training programs show strong interest from HSOs keen to embed research talent within their teams, and from applicants interested in using their research skills to address real-world challenges. Early evidence also highlights the importance of matching, onboarding, and ongoing training for fellows, mentors, and host organizations to build a highperforming embedded research workforce. Implications: Our experience suggests embedded research programs provide important benefits both in augmenting the research and evidence translation capabilities of HSOs and in providing valuable training experiences for fellows, augmenting the research and evaluation skills gained in their graduate education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In 2020, the National Rehabilitation University Hospital (NRH) in Ireland, a complex specialist rehabilitation hospital transitioned to a new building. This transition presented a unique opportunity to explore interdisciplinary team dynamics, integration, connections and relationships within and across teams. Part of a larger project, this paper presents the results of a co-operative inquiry with the Medical Consultants. Aims and objectives: To assess the value of co-operative inquiry as a vehicle for supporting learning. The specific questions to be addressed were: •How can we as medical leaders facilitate transition to the new hospital with an improved staff and patient experience? •How might we develop the leadership skills to do this? Methodology: Action research (AR) was chosen because, similar to the biopsychosocial model of rehabilitation, it supports a collaborative, democratic approach to research based organisational change and improvement. Cooperative inquiry (CI) an experiential, participatory articulation of action research, was chosen as it has a solid evidence base in professional development in healthcare. In this articulation, small groups of co-researchers engage, in a non-hierarchical manner, multiple ways of knowing through cycles of action and reflection to explore areas of shared concern. Data generation: Data was generated from 6 action research cycles, with participants engaging in an 'extended epistemology' of experiential, presentational, propositional and practical ways of knowing. An integrative triangulation approach incorporated the first, second and third person inquiries. As there were multiple cycles of inquiry, there was a continuous process of innovation and data generation. A process folio approach was taken, to document, describe and analyze the data using a 10-step cyclical framework. Data analysis was ongoing, cyclical and reflexive, with participants engaging in the sense-making process at each session. Results: Through cycles of action and reflection, 2 key themes emerged; Communication and teamwork. Actions taken included the identification and creation of physical space to come together physically (Coffee room, informal get togethers) and virtual spaces (WhatsApp; Virtual meetings). These enhanced discovery, development, diffusion, and disruption connections. WhatsApp content analysis revealed an active dynamic exchange of diverse information that became a network of collaborative learning. These activities were supported by senior management through the 3rd person inquiry. 75% of participants felt our objectives were met. Through a process of abductive reasoning, colleagues felt they had learned to communicate better, trust, share and learn together and also patience and friendship. There was a commitment to continue as an action learning set. Conclusions: Cooperative inquiry, with a focus on action and shared reflection, facilitated the 'inpowerment' of a diverse group of colleagues to work together to develop practice in areas of mutual concern. CI was an effective vehicle for supporting learning which resulted in the stated goals of improved communication and teamwork. Implications and limitations: This study found that CI is a useful developmental method for teams engaging the collaborative dynamics of action and inquiry and the outcome of actionable knowledge. Although this approach was tested with 1 group, the approach is being extended to other groups within the organisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

No abstract received. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on Midwest Nursing Research Society (MNRS). The organization has been extremely active with many new initiatives and advances within the organization. The 2004 MNRS Annual Conference was a success in St. Louis with many outstanding scientific presentations and numerous networking opportunities provided in the program. The organization is financially stable with long-term planning that should move us well into the future. A large number of the members have been recognized by MNRS as highlighted in previous columns, and activity within the 27 Research Sections is strong.

Discusses several issues on the provision of health care for Hispanic Americans highlighted at the 3rd International Crossing Borders Conference at the School of Nursing of the University of Texas at Arlington. Relationship between acculturation and health behaviors and outcomes; Strategies for prevention of HIV among Latino youth; Use of structural equation modeling to test hypothesized relationships related to condom use.

Introduction: Remediating failing medical learners has traditionally been a craft activity responding to individual learner and remediator circumstances. Although there have been moves towards more systematic approaches to remediation (at least at the institutional level), these changes have tended to focus on due process and defensibility rather than on educational principles. As remediation practice evolves, there is a growing need for common theoretical and systems-based perspectives to guide this work. Methods: This paper steps back from the practicalities of remediation practice to take a critical systems perspective on remediation in contemporary medical education. In doing so, the authors acknowledge the complex interactions between institutional, professional, and societal forces that are both facilitators of and barriers to effective remediation practices. Results: The authors propose a model that situates remediation within the contexts of society as a whole, the medical profession, and medical education institutions. They also outline a number of recommendations to constructively align remediation principles and practices, support a continuum of remediation practices, destigmatize remediation, and develop institutional communities of practice in remediation. Discussion: Medical educators must embrace a responsible and accountable systems-level approach to remediation if they are to meet their obligations to provide a safe and effective physician workforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on a workshop held at the 19th National Family Practitioners Conference in August 2016. The aim of the workshop was to describe possible future scenarios for the discipline of family medicine in South Africa and identify possible options for action. The workshop led a group of 40 family physicians from academic, public and private sector settings through a scenario planning process developed by Clem Sunter and Chantell Ilbury. After an overview of the current situation the participants reached a consensus on the rules of the game, key uncertainties, future scenarios and options for action. The main message was that the South African Academy of Family Physicians as a professional body needs to take a stronger role in advocating for the contribution of family medicine to government, health managers and the public. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]