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Background: The advent of Personalized Medicine (PM) holds significant promise in revolutionizing healthcare by tailoring treatments to individual patients based on their data. However, its successful implementation requires the seamless integration of innovative technologies and presents formidable challenges in terms of sustainability. To tackle these challenges head-on, the International Consortium for Personalized Medicine (ICPerMed) was established, and the IC2PerMed project, as part of this consortium, seeks to foster collaboration between the European Union (EU) and China in the field of Personalized Medicine. Based on the results collected by the project, the objective of this study is to discern the key priorities for the implementation of Personalised Medicine concerning Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and Big Data and digital solutions, with a particular emphasis on data management and protection. Methods: A Delphi survey was conducted to gather expert's consensus on the main priorities for actions on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and Big Data and digital solutions in the field of Personalized Medicine. Results: The survey identified seven priorities in the area of Big Data and digital solutions, including data interoperability, standards, security measures, and international partnerships. Additionally, twelve priorities were identified for the innovation-to-market process, emphasizing cost-effectiveness, need assessment, and value definition in resource allocation. Conclusions: The effective implementation of new technologies in Personalized Medicine research and practice is essential for the advancement of healthcare systems in both the European and Chinese contexts. The identified priorities play a pivotal role in promoting the sustainability of health systems and driving innovation in the implementation of Personalized Medicine. Addressing challenges related to data interoperability, standards, security, international collaboration, cost-effectiveness, and value assessment is of utmost importance in order to propel the progress of Personalized Medicine in healthcare systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The innovation capability largely determines the initiative for future development of a region. Higher school is the main position for training innovative talents. Accurate and comprehensive assessment of innovation cultivation capability is an important basis of higher schools for continuous improvement. Thus, this paper focuses on assessing innovative talent cultivation capability. First, by CIPP model (Context, Input, Process and Product Evaluation), an assessment indicator system is built, consisting of 89 indicators in 21 categories. Then, based on indicator characteristics, this paper uses public data statistics, database retrieving, student survey, teacher survey, support personnel and expert investigation, to collect indicator values. After this, by a powerful machine learning algorithm, gradient Boosting regression tree, a capability assessment model is established. And based on collected data, established model is compared with several regression models in innovative talent cultivation capability assessing. Results confirm the performance superiority of our solution.

The National Graduate Education Comprehensive Fees Policy has been in operation for more than five years since the fall semester of 2014, which is long enough to evaluate the effectiveness of the policy. Base on the existing research results, this paper proposes to adopt the core index of graduate students' scientific research ability--the level and quantity of published papers to evaluate the implementation effect of this policy, take GF University as an example to analyze the construction of the university's award and scholarship system, and make quantitative analysis of the academic graduate students' published papers. It finds that the implementation effect of scholarship system is not obvious. Therefore, this paper analyzes the reasons and puts forward the relevant countermeasures.

China's expansion in higher education has also given rise to developing university towns in sub-cities to deal with increasing enrollments and contribute to broader socio-economic development. Taking Xiasha University Town in Hangzhou as a case study, this paper adopts a tripartite framework of teaching, research, and service to investigate the role of university towns in human capital and skills development, regional innovation, and social and community services. This paper is the first to systematically evaluate Hangzhou's largest university town after more than two decades since its development; it also provides a more nuanced and contextual approach to university town developments similar to others in China or broader learning region integrations globally. Documentary research and interviews from relevant stakeholders were utilized to collect data. This study presents the three dimensions contextualized within Xiasha and points to issues that can further improve such through a more efficient resource-sharing scheme, a focused discipline orientation, more significant investments in research and development, and a more active role in community engagement.

Embedded system is an interdisciplinary, profound foundation and practice-oriented course; at present, in the traditional teaching mode, embedded systems in colleges and universities generally have problems such as disconnected theory and practice, outdated assessment methods, and low enthusiasm of students. Arming to cultivate compound embedded development talents that meet the needs of enterprises, based on CDIO engineering education mode, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the "Embedded System" course, and takes engineering project development practice as the dominant idea to discuss the course system, teaching material construction and teaching method reform of "Embedded System." By designing a complete project teaching system, closely combines the theoretical teaching and practice of the course. Multiple rounds of teaching practices show that through the project-driven teaching method, students' engineering practice ability can be significantly improved, so that students can deeply master the basic principles of embedded systems, and possess the engineering development ability of embedded products at the same time, thus meeting the needs of enterprises for innovative and interdisciplinary talents.

As e-commerce continues to develop, many colleges and universities have reformed their talent training accordingly. In particular, Shenzhen Tourism College of Jinan University has conducted continuous and in-depth exploration of the training mode established for e-commerce professionals. By interviewing previous graduates and tracing their career trajectories, this paper explored the adaptability of the existing talent training model to social demand, and summarized the talent training approaches that meet market demand. With Shenzhen Qianhai Patozon Network Technology Co., Ltd. as a study case, e-commerce graduates and the top management were interviewed to obtain insights into the professional knowledge and skill learning experience of senior executives at college. In addition, the influence of undergraduate talent training on the formation of innovation and entrepreneurship consciousness was discussed. Finally, corresponding measures and suggestions were proposed for enhancing the talent training plan and reforming the e-commerce major.

In the construction of "Double First-class" universities, how to establish an evaluation system of universities' scientific and technological innovation capacity with Chinese characteristics and international standards will determine the direction and level of improvement of Chinese university?s technological innovation capacity. The system of scientific and technological innovation in university is a complex system, and the existing evaluation index and evaluation system may be difficult to meet the actual needs of the national construction of "Double First-class" universities in the new situation, so the evaluation index should be a breakthrough and innovation. This paper probes into the existing problems in the evaluation system of scientific research in China, systematically investigate the common and different features of scientific research evaluation in Britain, America, France and Australia, puts forward the new connotation of the structure dimension of Chinese universities 'scientific and technological innovation capacity, and points out the basic criterion of constructing the evaluation system of university scientific and technological innovation capacity: First, design of indicators should reflect the development trend of the world, and reflect the cultural characteristics and historical background of Chinese universities. Second, it is necessary to according to the "world standard", reflect the value orientation and practice standard of Chinese university construction. Third, taking differentiated design and establishing a classification evaluation standard. Fourth, the evaluative dimension should reflect the diversification of the evaluation's content, especially considering to optimize overall scientific research ecology.

Using combined data from the 2011–2013 China Industrial Firm Database, China Industrial Firm Pollution Emission Database, and provincial-level digital financial inclusion index, this paper investigates the impact of digital finance on firm pollution. The authors find that digital finance significantly reduces firm SO2 emission intensity. The inclusive finance attribute of digital finance is conducive to alleviating firm financing constraints and promoting firm transformation and emission reduction. Furthermore, digital finance reduces pollution through innovation compensation. Digital finance mainly affects private firms and small and medium-sized firms, while it mainly plays its role through depth of use, digital payments, and digital credit. The basic conclusions of this paper are verified by using the Internet development level and the spherical distance from Hangzhou, as instrumental variables. This paper has important policy implications for developing countries using digital financial tools to promote green economic transformation and high-quality development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technological innovation is the key to develop wind power and photovoltaic power industries. The feed-in tariff (FIT) policy, as a demand-pull policy, is important to support renewable energy technological innovation. Using the "difference-in-differences" method, this paper investigates the impact of FIT policy of wind power and the impact of the FIT policy designed according to differences in the distribution of resources on wind power technological innovation. The findings show that the FIT policy can drive patenting in wind power technologies during the implementation period, but may play a relatively weak promoting role in technological innovation in the latter term, and the FIT policy designed according to differences in the distribution of resources also stimulates more patent counts. Finally, based on the fixed effect negative binomial regression model, this paper finds that the higher feed-in tariffs can increase the patent counts in photovoltaic power technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the training of undergraduate students' innovation ability. On top of the theoretical framework of the Quality Function Deployment (QFD), we propose a teaching quality management model. Based on this model, we establish a multilevel decomposition indicator system, which integrates innovation ability characterized by four primary indicators and their corresponding secondary indicators, curriculum, pedagogy, teaching forms and assessment. The proposed model and indicators provide guidance for university curriculum development, university education management and practice.

Currently, it has become a fundamental goal for the engineering major to cultivate high-quality engineering technicians with innovation ability in scientific research which is an important academic ability necessary for them. This paper mainly explores the development of comprehensive and designing experiments in automation based on scientific research projects and elaborates on the significance and indispensable role of these experiments in cultivating students' research innovation ability.

In the current teaching activities on curriculum, teachers taught all kinds of computer language at the most of the time. Students also focus on a variety of examinations, but the real time to train students' independent software developing skill is very limited. This has resulted in the students only to copy other people's systems design ideas, materials or other software reproduction procedures and take a simple so-called "Program Design." Based on this, this paper introduced a variety of computer teaching activities in classroom and formed role for training students' imagination, the ability to find and explore, knowledge transfer capability and the quality of innovative thinking of students.

In this paper, we investigate the steps necessary to initiate reform in professional education. First, we analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the unified theory and practice model of education currently adopted in mainland China. Next, we suggest a talent cultivation strategy that prioritizes students and views industrial (factory) vocational ability as the guiding measure of the "factory" model in the higher vocational automotive major. Lastly, we propose a method for carrying out this strategy that involves boosting the innovative and entrepreneurial abilities of students, optimizing the goals of educational models, and establishing "on-board educational factories" and other pedagogical models.

The relationship between environmental regulation and innovation has long been a key issue of scholarly interest. The Porter hypothesis posits that environmental regulations can effectively promote innovation. However, with the rapid development of the Internet, the relationship between environmental regulation and innovation has changed. Through a theoretical analysis, this paper finds that the development of the Internet can not only directly promote innovation but also inhibit innovation through environmental regulations. This paper uses Chinese city-level data from 2014 to 2016 to empirically test the relationship among the Internet, environmental regulation, and innovation. The study finds that (1) the increase in the Internet level and in the intensity of environmental regulations promotes innovation, and the results remain stable after the replacement of the Internet level metrics, (2) the increase in the Internet level inhibits the positive effect of environmental regulations on innovation, but its inhibitory effect is lower than the promotion effect of the Internet on innovation, and (3) the Internet and environmental regulations have a significant promotion effect on the application and acquisition of three types of patents, including invention patents, utility model patents and design patents, with the application and acquisition of utility model patents having the greatest promotion effect, and (4) the analysis of heterogeneity shows that environmental regulation has a greater effect on innovation in eastern and provincial capital cities, and the Internet has a greater effect on innovation in western and nonprovincial capital cities. Finally, this article puts forward policy recommendations based on three aspects: strengthening Internet construction, implementing environmental regulations and policies based on local conditions, and increasing support for R&D and innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of the research results is seen as a crucial step in the development of innovation in the transport sector. Moving to such an implementation is not always easy or straightforward. It requires a suitable organizational framework both inside as well as outside research producing entities and a number of other facilitating factors that are usually found within an innovation ecosystem. The paper examines systematically the conditions and prevailing practices for transport research implementation in Europe (the European Union) and China and draws useful insights as to the factors that influence such implementation, the incentives, and other facilitating provisions that the research funding organizations can take. It also analyses the current practice and lessons learned for research implementation on the road to innovation production in four major areas of transport research namely: Automated Mobility, Intelligent Railways, Shared and Micromobility applications, and Electromobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we identify product market competition as a driver of privatization. Using product market shocks caused by trade liberalization of China, which has the world's largest state sector, we find that subjecting state-owned enterprises (SOEs) to higher competition leads to an increase in private ownership. This response is strengthened when SOEs operate in industries with large technology or productivity gaps from those in the frontier economies or when SOEs impose large fiscal burdens on local governments. Our findings are consistent with politicians' incentives to boost economic growth for better career development and to shed burdens when rents decrease. This paper was accepted by Tomasz Piskorski, finance. Funding: C. Lin acknowledges financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72192841]. Q. Hu acknowledges financial support from the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the Renmin University of China [Grant 21XNF002]. W. Li acknowledges financial support from the Major Project of the Ministry of Education [Grant 22JZD007] and the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72132002]. L. Wei acknowledges financial support from the Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee [Grant 13501619]. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4847. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To ensure sustainable development, there is a limit to the extent of urbanization. Thus, rural development is an essential strategy that many nations must work on to ensure optimal economic, environmental, and social outcomes at a country level. However, rural development in itself is challenging because rural communities typically have limited resources and capabilities to address common livelihood challenges, let alone take on new economic roles. Hence, as part of rural revitalization strategies, innovation plays a critical role. A wide range of technologies can facilitate innovation in rural development, including the internet and new agricultural technologies. In addition, new mindsets and shifts in values, such as the changing trends of work and consumerism, can create opportunities for rural areas to adopt innovation and develop new growth engines. However, it should be noted that the nature of innovation in rural and urban settings are different. In rural regions, growth could be enabled through more specific types of innovations, including frugal innovation, inclusive innovation, and social innovation. To enable these forms of innovations in rural areas, this paper proposes a three-dimensional process model that includes pro-social technological innovation policy, rural innovation governance, and dynamic networks that close the gap between rural and urban innovation systems. Examples from China, such as the development of Tengtou Village and Taobao Villages serve to demonstrate these concepts. Overall, the discussions in the paper suggest that to enable innovation in rural development, it is necessary to foster closer interactions between rural and urban innovation ecosystems for the former to leverage the latter's technologies, networks, and resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital transformation (DT) is a strategic priority for commercial banks in China. It is important to explore the relationship between DT and bank systemic risk to maintain financial stability and promote high-quality development of banks. Based on the data of China's listed commercial banks from Q3 2010 to Q1 2022, this paper empirically tests the influence mechanism, heterogeneity influence and action channels of DT on bank systemic risk. This paper finds that DT reduces the bank systemic risk. The higher the degree of DT, the lower the bank systemic risk. Innovation effect and cost effect play multiple mediating roles in the reduction of bank systemic risk by DT. The innovation of bank products, sales channels, organizations and other aspects to enhance the competitiveness and income of banks, while reducing the information asymmetry between the supply chain and the industrial chain, taking cost and risk sharing, reduces the bank systemic risk. This paper enriches the research on the impact of bank DT on systemic risk and provides empirical support for bank risk management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlike many Western countries, the Chinese state has a much more active role in innovation that includes direct involvement with actors in innovation processes and the use of state capacity, money, and power to attain certain goals. With the rise of China, innovation processes that critically depend on state action, often labeled state‐led innovation, have thus received growing scholarly attention. However, only few contributions study the specific sector of new energy vehicles (NEV) and policy measures applied at the city level. This paper examines policy and planning tools used in Shenzhen, China, to assert innovation in the NEV industry, using an evaluation of documents and interviews. The paper finds that a city can play a decisive role in the implementation of innovation policy, and Chinese cities in particular make use of a broad set of innovation support measures ranging from binding quotas, public procurement, and incentives to bans and orders. The findings underline the importance of strong regulatory instruments that do not conform to the Western notion of market‐compliant policy, but nevertheless work effectively in the Chinese context. Moreover, the results highlight how successful policy support for innovation in the NEV can be implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to understand the underlying mechanisms by which relational ties influence firm innovation. Companies in China rely much on relational ties to implement business strategies. Combining social network theory with dynamic capability perspective, we build a model that analyzes the direct and indirect impact of relational ties (business ties and service ties) on innovation performance through supply chain adaptability. We further analyze that technological turbulence and dysfunctional competition influence the relationships between relational ties and supply chain adaptability. We test these relationships using data collected from 300 manufacturers in China. The results show that service ties plays a relatively more important role than business ties in enhancing innovation performance directly. Interactions between business ties and service ties significantly influence innovation performance. Moreover, our results demonstrate that supply chain adaptability fully mediates the relationship between business ties and innovation performance but partially mediates the relationship between service ties and innovation performance. Our results show that technological turbulence positively moderates the relationships between business/service ties and supply chain adaptability. In addition, dysfunctional competition negatively moderates the relationship between business ties and supply chain adaptability. Overall, our findings contribute to the understanding of the roles of relational ties in supply chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to focus on "how to create value from collaborative innovation," which is a core question when companies plan open-innovation initiatives. China's Huawei Technologies is taken as the main case study, with other companies' practices as further examples to elaborate and validate a new yet practical model. Design/methodology/approach: This paper is based on the direct experience over many years of two Huawei technology executives – the very recent head of the technology cooperation department and the current manager of the same unit. Findings: This study provides a spiral four-stage model, named SWIM, with each stage being a decision guided by a 2 × 2 matrix. These stages, named scope, weave, identify and modularize, try to balance resource allocation toward a foreseeable value, though it might be long term. Research limitations/implications: The research is primarily based on one company. The validity of its recommended model can be tested only after other companies have applied it. Practical implications: The research offers a practical framework for how companies can improve their open innovation. Social implications: Large companies are important players in innovation networks. Improving the ability of large companies to operate open innovation will help many other companies and the society as a whole. Originality/value: The proposed model is original and provides insights from China and is not a traditional source of management innovation. The paper will also help Western readers get a better understanding of management in what will soon be the world's largest economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzing the impact of economic openness and institutional environment on technological innovation is of great significance for China to build a new system of open economy. This study investigates the short- and long-run effects of economic openness and institutional environment on innovation by applying a dynamic panel regression model and two-step system generalized method of moments (GMM) method to dynamic panel data of China's 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government (referred to as provinces hereafter) from 2008 to 2017. Results indicate that trade openness impedes innovation, whereas foreign direct investment (FDI) significantly promotes China's innovation particularly in the long-run. The continuous improvement of institutional environment promotes domestic innovation particularly in the long run. The integration of economic openness and institutional environment magnifies the effects of trade openness and FDI on innovation. The effects of economic openness and institutional environment on innovation differ by region with a descending pattern from China's Eastern to the Central andWestern regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the impact of local investments in education on the economic growth of different regions in China. It examines both the direct and indirect effects of financial investments in education. It analyzes the role of human capital and intellectual capital as mediators in the relationship between education and economic growth. The study utilizes a panel data model and a model of mediating effects to conduct an empirical analysis using data from China between 2000 and 2018. The findings indicate that local financial investment in education significantly impacts economic growth, although the magnitude of this effect varies across regions. Investing in education directly stimulates economic growth and indirectly promotes it by accumulating human and intellectual capital. Therefore, increasing investment in education and nurturing innovative, high-level talent are crucial steps towards achieving high-quality economic development in China. The literature review reveals that investment in education has been extensively studied concerning economic growth, with scholars emphasizing the role of human capital in the production process and the positive effects of education on worker productivity and income equality. However, educational investment's impact on economic growth has shown variations in different countries and regions. Some studies suggest that excessive development of higher education may hinder local economic development, while others highlight the positive impact of educational inputs on human capital quality and technological innovation. To examine the causal mechanism explicitly, this paper proposes a causal inference model based on mediating effects, considering both human capital and intellectual capital as mediating variables. The research methodology includes a baseline regression model and a model of mediating products, employing panel data techniques and instrumental variable estimation to address endogeneity issues. The results of the baseline regression analysis support the positive relationship between local financial investment in education and economic growth, controlling for other factors such as capital stock, labour force, urbanization rate, trade dependence, and population growth. Furthermore, the mediating effects model suggests that education investment indirectly influences economic growth by enhancing human capital and promoting technological innovation. These findings contribute to a better understanding of how education affects regional economies in China. In conclusion, this study highlights the significance of education in driving high-quality economic development in China. It emphasizes the importance of increasing investment in education and fostering the development of innovative and highly skilled individuals. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders seeking to promote sustainable and inclusive economic growth through education reform and targeted investments in human capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to introduce the special issue on "Human resource management and corporate entrepreneurship". Design/methodology/approach – The paper discuses the articles in the special issue, which investigate the relationships between human resource management and entrepreneurship from different points of view, approaches and employing different empirical contexts. Findings – The papers highlight different human resource management factors of entrepreneurial behaviour and their influence on corporate entrepreneurship. Results from different empirical contexts as small and medium-size firms, case studies, joint ventures, in the USA, China, and Spain, among others, make important contributions to the previous literature. Originality/value – The paper discusses the intersection and association between human resource management and corporate entrepreneurship. Human resources play an essential role in so far as they can encourage or hinder corporate entrepreneurship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ongoing environmental issues and degradation provoke the implementation of relevant incentives to overcome them without restrictions of economic growth. Considering the Chinese sustainable development policy, each province should provide the effective ecological regulations that consider the dynamic changes of the economic and ecological indicators of the province's development. In this case, the paper aims to analyze the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality. The object of the investigation is the Henan provinces of China from 1994 to 2020. The study applied a vector autoregression model between the one-way and two-way relationship analysis, Granger causality test, cointegration test, and impulse response function. The findings confirm that GDP growth causes exhaust gas production and that SO2 will also influence wastewater. The results of the co-consolidation analysis showed that if the production of industrial solid waste gas and SO2 volume increased by 1% each, GDP per capita would increase by 0.22% and 0.35%, respectively. The findings of the variance decomposition of the GDP per capita in the first phase are all due to their perturbation term. The other influencing factors have no influence. Over time, GDP per capita is less and less affected and significantly enhanced by wastewater, exhaust gas, and SO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social philanthropy and innovation systems both require significant resource investment—how can organizations achieve both? This paper combines social exchange theory, signaling theory and imprinting theory to analyze the intrinsic dynamics mechanism from the perspective of government technology resource acquisition and to explore the influential role of generalist CEOs. Based on the hand-collected multidimensional career experience dataset of CEOs and the quantitative analysis of 3651 enterprises in China's A-share listed manufacturing industry from 2010–2019, the results show that: philanthropic donation has a systematic contribution to corporate innovation investment, in which government science and technology (S&T) resource acquisition plays a partially mediating role; generalist CEOs significantly enhance the effect of philanthropic donations and government S&T resource acquisition on innovation investment. Finally, the statistical results remain stable in the lagged effects experiment and the IV-2SLS model analysis using exogenous variables. The contribution of this study lies in expanding the research on maximizing the combined benefits of economic value creation and social performance from a social exchange perspective, and helping us understand why the share of generalists in the global managerial market big data has been steadily increasing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This perspective paper elaborates on how the burden of environmental issues on public health and the economy led China's government to declare its revised environmental policies or "war on pollution". It explains the importance of photovoltaic solar (PV), electric vehicles (EV), and carbon capture and storage (CCS) in helping China to mitigate its environmental concerns while maintaining economic growth. China already leads PV solar and EV manufacturing; however, it has not made a tangible contribution to CCS technology yet. On the other hand, CCS is far behind its envisaged role in contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and supporting countries to meet their net carbon zero targets. China's existing coal power plants are good candidates to be retrofitted with CCS. Similar to PV and EV technologies, China could influence this technology globally, by reducing the uncertainties, demonstrating the viability, and driving the costs lower. China's revised policies have been effective and shown global impacts, but their implementations remain as strong as the political will behind them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the origins, developments and new trends of anthropology of tourism in China through a comparison between China and the West. Chinese anthropologists have, since the end of the last century, begun to introduce Western academic achievements and tried to conduct domestic research. In the process of development into a big and great power in tourism, Chinese researchers have intensively absorbed new concepts and new theories from abroad, studied local cases in China's context, and carry out China-West dialogues in various aspects. Anthropology of tourism in China has seen many breakthroughs in terms of topics, theories, disciplines and methods, contributing its own experiences and new theories to the development of anthropology of tourism worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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With the advancement of China's economic transformation, the impact of economic policy uncertainty on family firms has become increasingly significant. The "familism" of family firms makes them more motivated to maintain family harmony, pursue innovative activities, and the long-term development of enterprises when faced with economic policy uncertainty. In this paper, we employed the data of listed Chinese family firms from 2010 to 2018 to analyze the impact of economic policy uncertainty on family business innovation activities, analyze the inherent characteristics of family firm innovation, and find the path that enables the innovative activities of family firms and provides a valuable experience for the innovation of private enterprises in economic policy uncertainty. We provide evidence that economic policy uncertainty positively relates to family firm innovation. Moreover, the relationship is affected by factors such as directors' executive background and access to state-owned equity. Further analysis indicates that economic policy uncertainty can promote family firms' innovation activities by improving their risk-taking, internal capital market circulation, and reducing political connections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between industry association membership and firm innovation in Chinese private ventures. A secondary objective is to investigate potential moderating effects of firm learning practices and founder characteristics on the above relationship, and to draw out implications for policymakers and practitioners. Design/methodology/approach: The paper utilizes data from a sample of 567 Chinese entrepreneurial firms operating in 9 designated emerging industries. Hierarchical regression models were employed to analyze the effect of industry association membership on firm innovation, and the potential moderating effects. A 2SLS procedure was adopted to control for potential endogeneity issue. Supplemental analyses were conducted to ensure the robustness of the findings. Findings: The paper provides empirical insights about how industry association membership, along with firm learning practice and founder leadership, affect firm innovation in Chinese private ventures in emerging industries. It suggests that industry association membership positively affects firm innovation. Further, there is a three-way interaction effect of industry association membership, learning practice and founder power on innovation. Research limitations/implications: Due to the design of the data set, there are some limitations. First, the study only considered whether a firm belongs to an industry association, but not the nature of such membership (length, firm status in the association, etc.). Second, the cross-sectional design may limit the power of the study to make casual implications about the tested relationships. Practical implications: The paper provides important practical implications for policymakers and entrepreneurs in China. In general, the results suggest that private ventures pursuing innovation in emerging industries can benefit from industry associations, and entrepreneurs shall actively engage in firm-level and personal-level learning. For policymakers, the study suggests that to foster innovation in an emerging industry, special attention shall be paid to building necessary institutional support to develop and to strengthen the role of industry association in the industry. Originality/value: This paper fulfills an important gap in the literature in that it is one of the first, which investigates the role of the industry association in firm innovation, especially in a non-western context. This paper provides new insights into the role of industry association and firm innovation in an under-researched developing economy context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: The development of the digital economy and intellectual property management represented by cloud computing has promoted the progress of China's modernization road. Cloud computing plays a vital role in various industries, and the control of intellectual property rights in the digital economy represented by cloud computing is closely connected with the high-quality development of China's digital economy, the construction of a robust intellectual property country, and the modernization of the national government. China's intellectual property management capability and digital economy management system are advanced, but practical difficulties still exist at home and abroad. OBJECTIVES: To improve the development level of computer information technology such as cloud computing; to promote the integrated development of digital economy and intellectual property rights; to solve the protection problems in the practical application of intellectual property rights with information technology; and to promote the coordinated development of digital economy and intellectual property rights represented by cloud computing. METHODS: Analyzes the role of intranet in protecting business information from the technical perspective of cloud computing; puts forward the hypothesis of the relationship between the digital economy and intellectual property rights by using literature research; and applies the empirical method to verify the use of patent data of state-owned enterprises and the total index of the regional digital economy. RESULTS: The results of the study show that there is a significant positive correlation between the level of development of cloud computing, the Digital Economy, and the internal cloud computing network of the company, which meets the external conditions of the lack of capacity of the Digital Economy and strengthens the globalization of the cloud computing cooperation network. CONCLUSION: Companies can manage the risk of data loss in the digital economy by adapting their internal cloud computing capabilities. After in-house processing and multiple reliability tests, the impact of the digital economy, represented by cloud computing, on supply chain innovation remains significant. In the post-financial crisis era, the effect of the digital economy on chain innovation is important because it is a cloud computing technology-intensive production chain with low dependence on external technologies. The digital economy has a threshold effect on innovation in the production chain. With the strengthening of intellectual property protection, the marginal impact of cloud computing and the digital economy on chain innovation increases significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We show that superstitions—beliefs without scientific grounding—impact the investment and risk-taking of Chinese firms. We focus on widely held beliefs in bad luck during one's "zodiac year," which occurs on a 12-year cycle around a person's birth year, to study superstitions and risk taking. We first show a direct correspondence between zodiac year and risk taking via survey data: respondents are two percentage points more likely to favor no-risk investments if queried during their zodiac year. Turning to corporate decision making, we find that return volatility declines in the chairman's zodiac year, suggesting a reduction in risk taking overall. Focusing on specific types of risk taking, investment in R&D and corporate acquisitions both decline during the chairman's zodiac year; returns around acquisition announcements are also lower, suggesting real allocative consequences of zodiac year beliefs. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance. Funding: W. Huang thanks the Major Project of National Social Science Foundation of China [Grant 17ZDA090] and the "National Program for Special Support of Eminent Professions" for financial support. Y. Pan thanks the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 71790601] for financial support. Y. Wang thanks the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72172090] for financial support. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4594. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on an extended three-step CDM model, this paper addresses the impacts of research and development (R&D) and information and communication technology (ICT) on firm productivity for the World Bank innovation survey data of China. The study includes ICT investment and R&D as the two main inputs into innovation and productivity. We find that R&D and ICT investments positively affect product innovation and process innovation, with R&D being more important for innovation and productivity, and ICT being more important for innovation and no direct effect on productivity. We conclude that R&D and ICT investments increase the probability of product innovation and process innovation, which increase firm's productivity, suggesting that R&D and ICT investments indirectly affect productivity through innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fast-growing developing countries have emerged as an important destination and source of trade, investments and technology. Furthermore, trade between developing countries has grown rapidly over the last decades, and is becoming more diversified, where exchange includes from primary commodities to manufactures and high-end services. The aim of the special issue is to look at these dynamics and how the leading developing countries have turn into growth engines and technology drivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to empirically explore the relationship between human resource rewards management and innovative behaviours, particularly between the utilitarianism and romanticism reward approaches and employee creativity in the workplace. Design/methodology/approach – The paper adopts a quantitative approach. After analysing construct validity and reliability, the study empirically tests its hypotheses by performing a multi-regression analysis with a sample of 216 individuals. Findings – The study reaches three main conclusions. First, tangible extrinsic rewards affect the innovative behaviour of employees in an "inverse-U" shape. Second, intrinsic motivations have a substantially positive impact on the innovative behaviour of employees. And third, extrinsic rewards and intrinsic motivations have positive interaction effects on individual creativity at the workplace. Originality/value – The paper focuses on the theoretical battle between the utilitarianism and the romanticism perspective of human resource reward approaches toward employees' creativity. Based on examination of the main effects of monetary incentives and intrinsic reward practices respectively, the study highlights a complementary view to explore a positive interaction between the two reward configurations, and to exploit a total reward system for facilitating individual innovative behaviours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - China has become an economic powerhouse in historic terms but there are a number of challenges to its continued prosperity. The aim of this paper is to more fully understand China's propensity for creative innovation, which is seen as an important next stage in its continued development. Design/methodology/approach - The paper is conceptual but uses historical and secondary data to support its assumptions. The paper was written in conjunction with the 1st Global Peter F. Drucker Forum (celebrating 100 years since his birth) and attempts to continue his challenge of "the hard work of thinking". Findings - China has a long history of successful innovation. However, Confucian belief, a single despot and a closing off to the rest of the world have thwarted its innovative edge. The key to rekindling the entrepreneurial spirit is seen largely as an internal battle based on the state's ability to balance the institution of government with the needs of a burgeoning prospective creative class. This paper identifies that much of this change will rely on quality-related developments rather than simply investments of financial capital. Originality/value - The ability to create new things is a challenge to developing economies that rely on low cost and imitation. China's success in innovation will have substantial implications for developed nations both economically and geo-politically. China wants to be a significant player on a global scale and this paper sheds light on its potential to achieve such an objective. Through traversing China's innovative landscape, this paper also enlightens the field of management on key aspects of China's innovative past, present and future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on the complementary asset theory, this paper develops a conceptual model to explain the relationships among intrafirm knowledge sharing, knowledge application, and innovation as well as the moderating effect of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) on the intrafirm knowledge sharing and knowledge application. Using a sample of 607 Chinese firms, this paper empirically examines this model. The results show that, under China's transition economy, the positive relationship between intrafirm knowledge sharing and a firm's innovation is mediated by knowledge application. Furthermore, intrafirm knowledge sharing facilitates knowledge application, and EO positively moderates this relationship. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the relationship between spatial agglomeration and innovation, taking Chinese manufacturing data as an example. Tractable model is built to explain the mechanism through which spatial concentration of firms in a city affects industrial innovation. Then in the empirical analysis, new agglomeration and innovation indicators are used to test the theoretical conclusions at the city-industry level. Results show that the geographical concentration of firms has significant negative effects on industrial innovation and growth. These overall effects can be divided into positive and negative categories after considering the interaction between the industrial labor scale and firm's spatial agglomeration. Industries with a higher labor scale will bear more crowding effects of firms' spatial agglomeration. These findings mean that moving to a less concentrated area might be a good choice for the labor-intensive firms which aim at innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We leverage an exogenous shock—the crackdown on corrupt Chinese officials beginning in 2012—and examine how the allocation of research subsidies and innovative outcomes were affected. We argue that the staggered removal of provincial heads on corruption charges during China's anticorruption campaign and the unanticipated departures of local government officials responsible for innovation programs led to plausibly exogenous reductions in corruption. After both events, the allocation of subsidies became more sensitive to firm merit than to corruption and subsidies became more strongly associated with future innovation. Anticorruption efforts and officials' career incentives improved the efficacy of subsidy programs. This paper was accepted by Toby Stuart, entrepreneurship and innovation. Funding: This work was supported by the Harvard Business School, Toulouse Network on Information Technology, Major projects of the National Social Fund of China [Project 22ZDA047], and National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 71790601, 71722012]. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4611. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose -- Human resources have become a key issue in relation to the strong competition between service firms. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between high-performance human resource management (HRM) within this field to firm performance, making a useful attempt to explore the "black box" of enterprise human resources management effect on firm performance. Design/methodology/approach -- In order to validate the relationship between high-performance HRM and firm performance, Chinese service industry samples were collected. Structural equation modeling and regression are adopted to estimate the direct effect of high-performance HRM on firm performance and the mediating role of innovation. Findings -- The results show that the impacts of high-performance HRM on firm performance are significant. Moreover, innovation plays a partial mediating role between them. Training, work analysis and employee participation has a significantly positive impact on firm performance, while effects of profit sharing, employee development and performance evaluation on enterprise performance is not significant. The results strongly support the hypothesis that innovation holds intermediary variables between high-performance HRM and firm performance. Practical implications -- Studying the relationship between high-performance HRM and firm performance can help Chinese enterprises more reasonable and effective learning foreign advanced management ideas and methods. And then can help Chinese enterprises to establish a high-performance HRM system that is suitable for Chinese enterprises; the research can help enterprises to identify meaningful practice of human resources management, outstanding keys, and perfect the HRM system of enterprises; research on innovation and innovative thinking is conducive to develop employees' innovation motive, promote employee' innovative behavior, and improve firm performance. Originality/value -- This paper takes innovation as a mediating variable into the model and studies the intermediary role of innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we have used the case of build your dream (BYD) to examine firm innovation in the context of China. From a historical perspective, with its strategic diversification from battery to mobile phone manufacturing to automobile manufacturing, we find that BYD has been innovative in its production method, vertical integration strategy, and design of product for local customers. The effective understanding and leveraging of local contextual factors including supply of labor (especially low cost-highly skilled labor), growing middle class, and local industry environments have played important roles in BYD's innovation in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the relationship between trust mechanism, innovation ability and M&A value by employing the data of major assets restructuring mergers & acquisitions (M&A) by China's listed companies. This paper finds that the improvement of innovation ability affects the M&A value, and it relates closely to trust mechanism. Two stage least square regression results show that internal trust mechanism with the sincerity of firms as core is utilized constantly by promoting knowledge inside and outside the organization to enhance the innovation ability of the firms. This paper indicates that the firms can still create M&A value through sincerity construction and innovation ability improvement though China's system environment is not perfect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internal governance is the monitoring of a CEO by immediate subordinate executives with different career horizons. In this paper, we examine the role of internal governance on corporate innovation. Conducting a study of privately owned firms listed in China, we find that internal governance significantly increases firms' innovation investment, but we uncover little evidence that it affects innovation quality as indicated by patents. We further discuss that a possible channel for increased innovation investment is enhanced decision‐making quality. Regarding the quality of innovation, executives' knowledge plays a larger role than internal governance. In sum, this study provides evidence about the innovation consequences of internal governance in China's weak internal governance culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarizes the arguments within the scientific discussion on the investigation of human resource management of willingness and ability of long-term care insurance. The main purpose of the research is to investigate human resource management of willingness and ability of long-term care insurance considering the innovative international experience and the case of Henan province in China. Systematization literary sources and approaches for solving how the person could be motivated to use long-term care insurance indicate that this goal could be reached by issuing questionnaires. The relevance of the decision of this scientific problem is that the demand for long-term care insurance, domestic and foreign scholars mainly use questionnaire survey to conduct quantitative and qualitative research. Investigation of the proposed topic in the paper is carried out in the following logical sequence: the method of expert analysis allowed forming the survey of long-term care insurance. The research's theoretical and methodological basics are general scientific and special methods of certain economic phenomena and processes' cognition. The dialectical method was used to synthesize theoretical and methodological foundations of human resource management of willingness and ability of long-term care insurance foreign countries and China and formulate conclusions. Methodological tools of the research methods were respondents from January 20, 2020, until the end of March 31, 2020. The paper presents the results of the empirical analysis that the proportion of those willing to participate in the long-term care insurance system with an income of «less than 2,000 yuan» is 65.4%; the proportion of those willing to participate in the long-term care insurance system with an income of «2000-4000 yuan» is 69.0%, and the proportion of those willing to participate in the long-term care insurance system with an income of «4000-6000 yuan» is 74.1%. The regression analysis as the statistical method was used to determine whether and to what extent dependent and independent variables are significant. The research empirically confirms and theoretically proves that the factors of the insurance awareness model and the regression of Q24 «are you willing to participate in the long-term care insurance system» are not significant, indicating that the insurance awareness factor is not an influential factor for the old-age care insurance demand. Therefore, the original hypothesis was denied, and the insurance consciousness model factors became not significantly related to the willingness of demand for long-term care insurance. The research results could be useful for those who have a deal with responsible staff, but for this reason, some indicators could influence his behavior. Summing up the results of the held scientific research it could be done the following recommendations. First of all, strengthening publicity and standardize management of long-term care insurance system. Secondly, that should be accelerated the development of the nursing industry with aging, chronic diseases, and other increasingly serious, China's medical resources are very scarce, especially in the nursing industry. Thirdly, it would be progressive if China absorbed the foreign long-term care insurance experience. Fourthly, it should be improved the design of long-term care insurance and increased the types of insurance products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on two multi-year research streams involving extensive interviews with both Chinese and Western companies in China, this paper provides a perspective on the emerging paths of Chinese company innovation. We report on what we found to be six major paths to innovation taken by Chinese companies. While all these paths have also been taken by many Western companies, we discuss here the unique Chinese adaptation or intensification of each approach. Our findings indicate that the innovation advantages of Chinese companies may well be in the creative combinations of available innovation practices. We conclude with views on the future of innovation in China and directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how subnational institutions within a country explain the performance consequences of open innovation (OI) in emerging market enterprises (EMEs).Design/methodology/approach The paper conducts a regression analysis by using a novel panel data set comprising of 438 innovative Chinese firms over the period of 2008-2011.Findings The authors show that although on average openness to external actors improves innovation performance this effect is pronounced for EMEs that operate in subnational regions with a higher level of intellectual property rights (IPR) enforcement and of factor market development. The findings point to the context-dependent nature of OI strategy and the complementary effect of institutional parameters in emerging markets and help to reconcile the contrasting findings regarding the effect of OI in the prior literature.Originality/value This paper extends the literature on OI by suggesting that the analysis of the performance consequences of OI strategy should go beyond the nexus between OI and firm performance, and instead, focus on subnational-specific institutions, such as region-specific IPR enforcement, factor market development and intermediation market development, that may facilitate or constrain the effect of OI model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This paper investigates the spatial interaction of environmental regulation in the Yangtze River Delta. • Examine spatial relationship between environmental regulation and innovation taking into account logistics matrix. • Discover inverted U relationship between formal environmental regulation and innovation. • Discover that the spatial self-selection of environmental regulation is not conducive to innovation development. • Found that environmental regulation affects innovation through spillover effect and industrial structure effect. Currently, China's environmental regulations are unprecedentedly strict. At the same time, China is emphasizing innovation development in the process of industrial upgrading. However, previous literature has not reached a consensus on the relationship between the environmental regulation and innovation. This paper takes the Yangtze River Delta, the most developed region in China, as an example, and uses the spatial econometric model based on the geographic matrix, economic matrix, and comprehensive relevance matrix of logistics enterprises to fully examine the relationship between urban environmental regulation and innovation development under different spatial interaction perspectives. The results show that: the relation between formal environmental regulation and innovation is inverse U-shaped. Spatial self-selection of environmental regulation in the Yangtze River Delta region weakens the enthusiasm of innovation to a certain extent. This paper argues that the main mechanisms through which environmental regulation affects innovation development are spillover effects and industrial structure effects. Finally, the paper proposes corresponding policy recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small and medium-sized enterprises are an important part of China's economy. At the same time, under the background of public entrepreneurship, innovation is also the engine and growth point of China's economic development. Therefore, we should do a good job in supporting and subsidizing small and medium-sized enterprises, so that the stronger the small and medium-sized enterprises are, the bigger they are. Let the first step go back and let SMEs be everywhere. It is an important work of the government and society. In this paper, Bayesian regularization algorithm is used to improve the generalization ability of BP network, improve BP neural network model, and use neural network to study the historical information of SMEs in government information system to predict the future development and growth of new business and investment, so as to improve the evaluation index. It is compared with historical data. Finally, the evaluation method that can reasonably predict the growth of SMEs is put forward. It is validated by enterprise data in the next few years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the observation of higher internationalisation of innovation activities of multinational companies towards emerging markets, this paper aims to provide insights on how foreign subsidiaries from the manufacturing industry are changing their innovation roles in China. Based on in-depth expert interviews conducted from the subsidiary perspective in China, this paper affirms that foreign subsidiaries are moving towards higher innovative activities. The study contributes to extant literature by revealing three characteristics, namely innovation capabilities, organisational structures, and interaction with the headquarters that differentiate subsidiaries' innovation roles with regard to their geography and magnitude of innovation. This study illustrates how these distinctive characteristics and their underlying elements advance as subsidiaries move towards greater innovation roles and discusses implications for managerial practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]