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The aim of this paper is to explore and conceptualise the total quality management (TQM) and its relationship with hospitals' performance. There are two dimensions related to accounting subject; management accounting and management control system. From these dimensions, there are five factors or variables of TQM practices: benchmarking, hospital information system, continuous improvement, leadership and management process. The performance will be the dependent variable which consists of efficiency, business result and satisfaction indicators. The proposed method is quantitative method with population of public hospitals owned by the government. Structural equation model (SEM) will be used to analyse the data. Expectedly, this conceptual paper will give insights and information for future empirical studies. Byline: Fahmi Natigor Nasution, Erlina, Yeni Absah, Rujiman

The paper and board manufacturing process is associated with a number of defects that hinder the quality of the product produced. This study proposes a methodology to prioritise the failures/defects and suggests suitable lean tools for process improvement. Initially, cause and effect diagram is used to identify the root causes of failures. Then, fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) is used to identify the critical failures modes. Fuzzy analytical hierarchical process (FAHP) is then used to arrive at the weights for failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) criterion: severity, occurrence and detection using the expert's opinion. Fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (fuzzy TOPSIS) is then applied to rank the prioritised failures based on the weights calculated using FAHP. Based on FAHP and fuzzy TOPSIS-based FMEA analysis, five failure modes namely crease, felt impression, stiffness variation, blade line and fluff are identified as the most critical. The prioritised design requirements are identified using fuzzy quality function deployment (FQFD) and the improvement methods are suggested by using lean tools such as 5S and total productive maintenance (TPM). Byline: N. Senthilkannan, R. Parameshwaran

While large enterprises engage in multi-tier supply chain management (SCM), small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) tend to consider multi-tier SCM considerably less. To better understand how and why SMEs approach multi-tier SCM, the paper applies a social capital perspective. The paper builds upon 11 case studies with SMEs from bordering regions of Salzburg and Upper Austria (Austria) and Bavaria (Germany), presenting material from interviews with their executive personnel. All 11 SMEs emphasise the role of all three dimensions of social capital, shared vision, shared interaction, and trust for multi-tier SCM. Reliability, product and service quality, cost management, and sourcing are targets of pursuing all three dimensions of social capital regarding multi-tier SCM. In the case of trust, responsiveness is an additional target of pursuing social capital in multi-tier SCM. For shared vision, data and information availability are additional targets. Byline: Silvia Dopler, Julian M. Müller, Monika Eick, Matthias Winter, Alexander Zeisler

This paper examines the impact of director co-option on the relationship between board structure and firm monitoring. Though non-co-opted independent directors enhance internal monitoring, co-opted independent directors seem to be the worst monitors. We do not observe a substantial difference in the monitoring functionality of co-opted and non-co-opted inside board members. Our paper suggests that co-opted independent directors are the main driving factor behind the converse association between co-opted boards and internal monitoring. We conclude that the efficiency of board monitoring should not be analysed solely based on director classification or director co-option, but rather a combination of both. Byline: Samira Abi Dames, Bilal Al-Dah, Mustafa Dah

This paper explores talent management (TM) ethics in China, specifically examines the role of Chinese guanxi in TM practices. Guanxi in the Chinese business context has been widely acknowledged amongst Western academics and business managers, and there is a growing literature on TM and its ethics. However, guanxi-related behaviours and ethical issues arising from TM practices' operation have been overlooked but need to be addressed. This paper explores the roles of guanxi in talent recruitment and development with views of TM ethics. Fifteen interviews were conducted in a case company to explore how guanxi factors impact its talent recruitment and development activities. The roles of guanxi are analysed based on the ethics of elitist TM. This paper also identifies several ethical dilemmas related to guanxi in TM practices. This paper recommends that TM practitioners take account of guanxi effects to discuss TM ethics in China's context. Byline: Shuai Zhang

Our paper analyses the characteristics of the boards of directors of the best performing listed Italian banks during the last global financial crisis (from 2008 to 2015). Through a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), the study identifies three different board configurations (archetypes) that these banks adopted: a committee-based board, a gender diversity-based board, and a large size-based board. Although different in some of their characteristics, these configurations share the rationale of favouring the advisory services that the board can provide to managers in their decision-making activities. These services, in turn, are particularly valuable in a time of high risk and uncertainty for banks. With its results, the paper contributes to the literature on the relationship between board characteristics and organisational performance and to a better understanding of the configurations that can best serve when firms' decision-making, for various reasons, becomes particularly complex and can benefit from board support. Our results also contribute to further detail the governance characteristics of banks in the Italian context. Byline: Nicola Cucari, Michele Simoni, Antonio Renzi

The marketing curriculum must evolve with the changing technological environment and the skills demanded by prospective employers. Management graduates want to earn skills to enhance their prospects of employment. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the curriculum of e-commerce, digital and social media marketing management courses studied in the post-graduate management programs of the top 100 National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) listed management Indian institutes/colleges. This paper compared the curriculum with the skills demanded by the companies for entry-level e-commerce and digital marketing jobs. An analysis of program structure and syllabi of digital marketing, e-business/e-commerce and social media marketing was undertaken. Researchers identified the various skills required by the employers through the various job portals like naukri.com, shine.com, indeed.co.in, fresherworld.com and placementindia.com. This study will help Indian institutes to take a fresh look and re-design their program and courses of the e-commerce, digital and social media marketing to make it skill-oriented. This study can be considered as the first serious attempt to evaluate the curriculum of e-commerce, digital and social media marketing offered by Indian management institutes with regards to employability skills demanded by the industry. Byline: Girish Taneja, Anu Bala

In order to overcome the problems of long time and low recall rate in traditional product webpage UI visual interface layout planning methods, the paper proposes a product webpage UI visual interface layout planning method based on clone selection algorithm. Define the clone selection algorithm and determine the population evolution process of the interface layout planning. Based on this, determine the operation operator of the visual interface layout planning clone selection algorithm, and design the web UI visual interface layout planning algorithm flow to realise the visual interface layout planning. The experimental results show that when the number of product interfaces is 100, the number of extreme points of the planning function is 103, the interface layout planning time is only 7 s, and the data recall rate is as high as 96.5%. It can be shown that the method in this paper has a better visual interface layout planning effect. Byline: Yanrong Wang, JinJin Chao, Xuemin Wang

Theoretical frameworks for understanding and analysing the emerging and evolving crowdfunding industry have coalesced around the importance of establishing and maintaining trust in crowdfunding transactions and relationships. Going beyond trust, this study proposes the philosophical concept of recognition as a more complete theory of the nature of crowdfunding. Recognition, or the sphere of solidarity, emphasises the ongoing and reciprocal relationships of mutual respect that are central to how entrepreneurs derive value and project supporters derive meaning through crowdfunding. The paper relies on case studies to show the concept of recognition in action, demonstrating both the presence and the absence of recognition in crowdfunding campaigns. The paper contends that a theory of recognition provides a more accurate and holistic model for crowdfunding than trust alone. Byline: Jack Wroldsen, Djamchid Assadi

This academic research endeavours to progress by way of successive paradigm shifts. The current paper looks into four distinct typologies of research into the management field. It draws from a careful systematisation of research papers, through the use of the PRISMA software, which allows for an algorithm of scientific impact to be inferred. Four typologies of business research were identified and subsequently analysed with a view to identifying potential scientific impact. In doing so we aim to establish the relative importance of theoretical soundness vis-Ã -vis methodological approach as well as statistical and methods sophistication. The empirical superiority of quantitative empirical studies is strong in the current environment, whilst qualitative research in international business recurrently leads to a neo-positivist separation of theory and method, limiting discussions of the important ontological, epistemological and political issues involved in the research process. Byline: Leandro F. Pereira

This paper aims to understand and examine the factors responsible for creating meta-organisations that play an influential role in creating environmental sustainability in emerging markets. The paper attempts to identify various factors of meta-organisation from the literature, which are analysed through total interpretive structural modelling (TISM) and Matrice d'Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliquée a un Classement (MICMAC). Based on the literature review, 11 factors have been identified. The TISM methodology represents the hierarchical structure of the factors and examines them. The study demonstrates the relationships among the factors by examining which factors need more attention and why, and how to bring environmental sustainability through the emergence of meta-organisation. Byline: Harchitwan Kaur Lamba, Sanjay Dhir

There has been an increase in utilisation of big data insights for patient diagnosis and treatment plans in the medical profession. This paper focuses on precision medicine which is beneficial to medical practitioners, academicians, and the public. Since the focus has been evaluation of limits, the paper describes the amalgamation of clinical, biomarker and genetic data developed for deeper understanding of the disease. Data dynamics with a focus on ownership and emergent biases is explored along with the transparency and explainability issues arising from advanced computational techniques. Some of the challenges faced are addressed. Byline: Simone Malekar, Shamira Malekar, Hung Chu

Technological competencies have long been recognised as essential for establishing a competitive edge in the market by quickly adapting to changing opportunities. This paper presents an insight into technological competencies and their impact on manufacturing performance. The survey and quantitative data analysis of the Indian manufacturing industry in the northern region is the focus of this paper. The data for this study was gathered by a questionnaire survey, and then analysed using several methods. The organisation's turnover, the number of employees working, and the company's market share were the main demographic characteristics analysed. An analysis of variance significant level was drawn using the chi squared test. Quantitative approaches such as correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were utilised to identify the factors that have a greater impact on organisational performance. Byline: Harpreet Sharma, Chandan Deep Singh, Kanwaljit Singh

Through the lens of Kuhn's ideas concerning scientific paradigms, this paper looks at two fields of research where findings were previously rejected by their disciplines; firstly, the existence of bacteria in the human stomach as a cause of ulcers and secondly of psychopaths in corporations as a cause of organisational dysfunction. The paper discusses how both streams of research were pioneered and propagated by a few individuals and involved methodological breakthroughs. Additionally, both streams set themselves against the prevailing view of their subject matter and were initially ridiculed and rejected by journal editors, preventing findings from being published. Eventually, both streams of research proved to be insightful, busting the prevailing paradigms of the time. The paradigmatic understanding of what causes ulcers has been changed forever and the paradigmatic understanding of organisational disease has been expanded to include corporate psychopathy. A way forward to improve the acceptance of radical new papers is suggested. Byline: Clive R. Boddy, Sharyn Curran, Fiona Girkin

The paper was inspired by comprehensive researches in the field of video data information security. Video data is considered as a long range of frames. This work is targeted on the problem of correlations between the already happened and upcoming incidents in terms of their probability. The main idea of the paper is to take into account some hidden events that provoke the incidents. The possible incident is modelled as a finite sequence of those events. The statistical ensemble approach is used in order to evaluate an incident probability if there were no registered incidents in the system yet. It is shown that the probability can be evaluated dynamically if there is enough data about previous incidents in the statistical ensemble. Thus, it is supposed that the risk manager can operatively gather information from the similar information systems. Byline: Sergei Zuev, Petr Kabalyants

The purpose of this paper is to explore the experiences of female employees regarding the work-life balance practices in the corporate sector of Bangladesh. Data were collected through email interviews from 29 female employees and qualitative methodology was used for the analysis. Findings indicate that, women face enormous challenges in maintaining their professional and domestic roles as work-life balance practice is mostly neglected by organisations in Bangladesh. Failure to maintain work-life balance for prolonged time may result in lower productivity and lack of concentration in work along with severe physiological and psychological impact on women's life. Based on the findings, the paper recommends approaches to ensure work-life balance practices. Although there are numerous research available on work-life balance practices, very few studies were conducted to focus on the challenges women face due to the dual roles they play at work and home. As this issue is still under-researched in Bangladesh, the paper makes an empirical contribution to the literature by focusing specifically on female employees working in the private organisations. Byline: Ishrat Sultana, Shayla Khanam, Jerin Haque Chhanda

The purpose of this paper is to report on the perception of people with disabilities with regard to the antecedents and consequences of disability inclusion at workplace. It aims at developing a theoretical model for disability inclusion at workplace in the context of a developing country like India. This research was done using 80 semi-structured interviews of people with disabilities who are working in formal sector. The findings show that the antecedents to disability inclusion are organisational factors such as equality and respect, policies and procedures, inter-personal factors such as attitude of co-workers and supervisors, and personal factors such as self-image. Job performance is found to have relationship with disability inclusion as consequence, and job performance, job satisfaction and organisational commitment are found to have relationship with disability inclusion as consequence with further association to intention to quit. In contrast to the past studies, this paper makes an attempt to dissect the phenomenon of inclusion after employment of people with disabilities. Byline: Sonali Heera, Arti Maini

This paper presents research results that aimed to explain the multilevel mechanism of the knowledge creation process in biotechnological industrial clusters. The conducted research was a cross-national research of four multiple case studies with an inferential and exploratory approach. The key finding of this paper is that SMEs have in common, a knowledge creation process, and that its elements were classified as a priori and a posteriori asset occurring at their internal levels. The French SMEs benefit from additional assets if compared with Brazilian SMEs and these assets allow the acceleration of their knowledge creation process, mainly due to financial supports, shared infrastructures, and collaborative projects. This study continues and further develops the model proposed by Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995), who described the knowledge creation process by identifying tangible and intangible assets that are retrieved from a multilevel structure. Implications for policymakers, scholars and practitioners are addressed. Byline: Marcos Ferasso, Adam Sulich, Andrzej Sztando

The following paper discusses the link between transdisciplinarity and cultural and creative industries (CCIs) and shows how they contribute to sustainable development. Based on a case study on a real-world laboratory, the paper illustrates transdisciplinarity in CCIs and their possible impact on sustainable transformation and development. Cultural and creative actors have the ability to think and act creatively, to break boundaries and to cooperate with people across different cultural and creative sectors. Instead of producing and using disciplinary knowledge in a controlled environment, actors of CCI show transdisciplinary engagement in value creation. Based on a case study analysis, the authors show that transdisciplinarity is a common practice in CCI and that CCI can significantly contribute to sustainable development. Byline: Elisa Innerhofer, Ingrid Kofler, Harald Pechlaner

In order to improve the development of production technology of industrial enterprises, this paper puts forward the analysis method of production technology innovation and management path of industrial enterprises. Based on the characteristics of production technology innovation of industrial enterprises, this paper analyses the existing problems of production technology innovation of industrial enterprises, constructs the evaluation model of production technology innovation ability of industrial enterprises according to the analysis results, and puts forward the corresponding production technology management path of industrial enterprises under the trend of Industry 4.0. The case study shows that this method can effectively reduce production costs, and the efficiency of internal management is always higher than 90%. Byline: Qing Zhang, Abdul-Rashid Abdullah, Choo-Wei Chong, Mass-Hareeza Ali

Green computing is a kind of field of study, research responsible for designing and development of computing devices and system based on less power management principle. It is a kind of eco-friendly platform as well as architecture making. Green computing ultimately reduces less harmful chemical, CO.sub.2 including more harmful gas like CFC. As computer deals with various kind of chemicals therefore not only in designing rather its practice also should considered as important, and in this paper, potentialities of green informatics in techno, managerial context have been depicted. The paper highlights the available program on green computing and allied areas with a focus on designing green computing academic programs in different levels with focus on proposed MTech in Indian context in the line of international educational systems. The work is policy-based and limited to MTech only, thus for other potential programs, case to case basis may also designed and proposed. Byline: Prantosh K. Paul, R. Rajesh

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) generally face more financing constraints than large businesses. However, the voluminous literature on SME financing has remained largely fragmented. This makes it difficult to harmonise findings that could potentially help SMEs in their search for more financing. This paper presents a review of extant research on SME finance and the financing constraints they face, with a focus on developing countries. The review reveals that although there are various sources of finance available to SMEs, some are more readily accessible than others because certain sources are still rudimentary in many developing countries. Certain demographics of SME owners and managers, such as age, education level, and gender, affect the ease with which SMEs can access finance. However, a lack of theory on SME funding still limits extant understanding of SME financing as most extant studies were conducted without providing any theoretical foundation. The paper concludes by providing a framework and some suggestions for a research agenda that could aid in this regard. Byline: Ebes Esho, Grietjie Verhoef

Healthy ageing means being able to do the things we value the most and is not related to the absence of illness. This paper utilises design as a powerful tool affecting all aspects of life, which means if we provide enough products that suit the changes related to ageing, elderly people will be able to optimise their functional abilities independently, and as a result, healthy ageing. This paper discusses the approach of adaptation of the existing products through modifications and extensions to suit the behaviour of the older adult population. Furthermore, this approach is supported by a case study that shows how diapers are modified in the same factory to meet the needs of the elderly population by altering the diaper's shape, materials and the associated production line. Byline: Ravi Kumar Gupta, Alzahraa Rami Alhyari

In this technology and automation era, blockchain technology travels in the direction of consistent studies and adoption in different sectors. Blockchain technology with a chain of the block provides security and establishes a trusted environment between individuals. In the past couple of years, blockchain technology attracted many research scholars, industrialists to study, analyse and apply the technology in their own application needs. The major advantage of blockchain technology is the security, user privacy preserved, transparency. The purpose of this proposed paper is to provide a survey on blockchain scope in healthcare providing high security of patient health information's during sharing and their impact to reduce the operational and capital investments. Also, this paper briefs on the new business opportunities in the health sector integrating blockchain technology. Byline: K. Shantha Shalini, M. Nithya

The paper analyses the progression of technology as an enabler in the mutual fund industries of the five emerging economies, i.e., Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The paper discusses the growth in terms of their FinTech adoption, total asset size, number of funds and average size for each industry. It compares the percentage of total assets under management in terms of global market, their equity mutual funds as a percentage of total market value, market concentration, technology as an enabler to facilitate transactions, and the distribution channels. The paper finds China as the biggest contributor among BRICS to the global mutual fund industry. Their direct digital distribution channels hold more than 80% of the sales. Following China is India, with their direct channels contributing almost 50% of the sales. While traditional channels are the norm in Brazil, South Africa and Russia, predictions indicate a digital future for them. Byline: Aman Grade, Tanmoy De

This paper explores private equity return drivers in African countries. We focus on factors driven by macroeconomic, industry, and deal-level data instead of the classic investees fundamentals. This research uses a comprehensive dataset covering 242 deals closed between 1995 and 2020 in 194 companies, operating in 24 African countries, across 14 funds. Our paper shows that exit routes, co-investments, and cash-out structures have a positive impact on returns, while debt usage, firm experience, and ticket size have a limited role in driving returns. In terms of external factors, GDP growth has a positive impact on returns, while business environment variables are found to have a limited impact. The sector effect on returns has also been found to be significant, further reinforcing the importance of sector allocation as a performance driver in private equity. Byline: Eymen Errais, Baha Gritly

Many articles have been written regarding the potential scientific and practical utility of the results/evidence obtained by means of case study research. In this paper, we propose to take a step back, in order to establish a few premises that are critical in the understanding of these topics. Firstly, we emphasise the importance of acknowledging the existence of two types of scientific hypotheses: universal-deterministic and probabilistic. Once this has been acknowledged and understood, we can then discuss the potential utility that case study research can have in the proposing and testing of scientific hypotheses, and the subsequent dissemination of knowledge amongst interested parties. We hope this paper can help ignite a much needed and detailed discussion about these themes and improve the standing of operations management as a practically relevant and valid empirical science. Byline: Roberto Sarmiento, Garvan Whelan

Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in India play a vital role in developing the country where more than 120 million persons are employed in these sectors. The study is based on secondary data to evaluate MSMEs performance and bring out the impact of Goods and Service Tax from date of its implementation on MSMEs in parameters such as number of enterprises, employment, exports and fixed investment applying the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression method. The finding of paper shows that the share of MSME in GVA and GDP are stagnated from 2012-13 to 2017-18 and in 2017-18 share of MSME in GVA increased by 0.02% which shows positive impact of GST on gross value-added working enterprises and market values of fixed assets are positively influenced by the indirect taxes on MSMEs. This paper will help the entrepreneurs of MSMEs to overcome the challenges posed by GST implementation. Byline: Shetty Deepa Thangam Geeta, S.P. Mathiraj

Evaluation of research and development (R&D) project is important for prioritising the tasks that are vital for the success of projects. In this paper, the work breakdown structure (WBS) principle has been applied to convert the R&D projects of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) in India into a number of work packages. The DRDO projects are classified into five groups, and under each group, there are some 11 common work packages identified to complete the projects. Each work package consists of metrics and prioritising these metrics is important to concentrate on these important metrics as it is a project success criterion. A causal model has been developed in this paper for this purpose. An instrument has been developed, and the data were collected through a survey from 179 senior scientists of DRDO. Based on the results of the causal model developed, the metrics have been ranked from the work packages based on their respective complexity. The ranking of metrics in each work packages can help the project in-charge of any project in tactical and operational level activities down the line. The methodology adopted in this paper can be extended for the projects of such a similar nature. Byline: M. Ramanathan, M. Punniyamoorthy, V. Balamurugan, B.I. Ravi

Organisational culture refers to common assumption and beliefs guiding employee practices and behaviours. It is important for managers to be able to assess their organisation's culture since it is one of the most difficult subjects to address. The purpose of this study is to decipher the organisation culture of a large, diversified conglomerate based in Saudi Arabia. The theoretical framework used to decipher the organisation culture is that of Robbins et al. (2005). This study follows the work of Jaghargh et al. (2012) done in the Iranian context. A survey questionnaire sent to 180 participants elicited 97 responses. Overall, the assessment results show an overall positive culture with some dimensions showing slightly negative perception. This paper demonstrates the use of an assessment technique as an important tool for managers to understand where the organisation culture requires improvement. The paper makes some recommendations for the dimensions where organisations can make improvements. Byline: Salem Al-Ghamdi, Azhar Kazmi, Abdullah Al Ghamdi

This paper studies the relationship between banking capital and performance through a systematic review. We perform the meta-analysis technique on 66 papers for a 57-year period that spans from 1958 to 2015. Using the random effect model and the Hedges' g measure, the results show that the capital structure does not affect banking performance, which confirms the Modigliani and Miller (1958) findings. However, the meta-regression indicates that the relationship between banking capital structure and performance is significantly associated to the proxy of capital structure, the performance indicator, the banking type (conventional versus Islamic) and the context of the study (developed versus emerging). Finally, the results indicate that Islamic banks' performance is not affected by capital structure. Byline: Houda BenMabrouk, Ikbel BenAbdessalem

In order to overcome the problems of low precision and long time in the traditional method of adjusting the accuracy of external dimensions, this paper proposes an adaptive adjusting method for the accuracy of external dimensions of intelligent industrial products. The car model of industrial product dimension accuracy is constructed. After predicting and adjusting the parameters adaptively, the intelligent industrial product dimension error is detected, and the calculation process of dimension coefficient correction factor θ is determined. By describing the grinding process of industrial products, the residual vector in the adjustment process is determined to realise the adaptive adjustment of intelligent product dimension accuracy. The experimental results show that the adjustment time is only 1.5 s, and the relative error and absolute error are close to zero. The method in this paper can improve the accuracy and effect of dimension adjustment, and reduce the time consumption of industrial product dimension adjustment. Byline: Keke Yang

Traditional e-commerce product user experience measurement methods have the problems of poor measurement effect and low user experience satisfaction. This paper proposes a cloud based e-commerce product user experience measurement method. This paper uses the hierarchical structure model to build the e-commerce product user experience measurement index system to obtain the e-commerce product user experience index. Determine the proportion of indicators to complete the construction of cloud model; calculate the cloud drop expected value, expected entropy and super entropy in the cloud model, and transform the e-commerce product user experience measurement index weight coefficient into normal cloud to realise the e-commerce product user experience degree quantity. The results show the measure accuracy is about 98%, and the measurement time is less than 2 s. Byline: Ming Yang

The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate and redesign the workflow of the certification process for aircraft equipment of the Hellenic Air Force Accreditation Service (HAAS). The calibration cycle of a measurement device is analysed with the modelling tool 'TIBCO Business Studio' and then improved successively in a recursive way. The paper effectively examines the problems which arise for the measurement errors. Then the background information with respect to the laboratories which support the verification of devices that count the various physical and technical parameters is presented. In the whole task of the business process reengineering, the definition simulation workflow is the most important. Thus, the analysis and the improvement of the current simulation workflow for an effective certification process in aircraft equipment is given. Finally, the certification process through a collaborative internet-based work is presented as future work along with the conclusions. Byline: Sarandis Mitropoulos, Marilena Maliappi, Alexandros Veletsos, Christos Douligeris

This paper advances a framework model within which CSR should work. The ambition was to broaden the conceptualisation of CSR but remaining open to new innovative ideas about CSR incentives. This paper is conceptual in nature. There are many CSR practices, approaches, and dimensions. This paper argues that for CSR to be effective, it needs collaboration integrated with inputs from all stakeholders for holistic results. This paper proposes that there is a need to go beyond a voluntary CSR, which is company/industry self-regulated and charity/philanthropic activity, but to embed CSR within industries undergirded by legally enforceable regulations. The main aim is to achieve structural changes in the tourism industry to ensure that CSR is not just a charity/philanthropic activity. This new approach intends to change the structure of CSR. A changed structure is a fundamental framework within which CSR should work. Byline: Andrea Giampiccoli, Oliver Mtapuri

This paper explores the factors affecting innovation at three distinct levels -- firm, industry and country level and analyses the relationship amongst the factors in each level. The list of factors has been identified through literature search and further using inputs from academicians, practitioners and policymakers' contextual relationship amongst the factors that have been studied. Modified total interpretive structural modelling (m-TISM) has been utilised to examine the driving and dependence power of factors at each level and develop a hierarchical model. Overall, this paper analyses 14 factors affecting innovation across firm, industry and country level. Results show that antecedents such as knowledge acquisition, research and development at the organisational level have high driving power and significant impact on innovation as knowledge itself serves as the basis of innovation, and business sophistication is an important factor for enhancing innovation capacity and economic growth at a country level. Furthermore, organisational encouragement and quality of human resources are important factors that promote creativity and innovation at the industry level. Entrepreneurs, academicians and government can focus on the factors identified and define strategies for enhancing innovation in the organisations or in the country. Byline: Zuby Hasan, Nakul Parameswar, Viput Ongsakul

This study gives an extensive review of the literature that exists concerning artificial intelligence. This paper helps identify the recent trends in AI in the hospitality industry and research gaps. The use of primary data for qualitative analysis is still low due to the industry's newness of AI applications. The theory development, characteristics, context and methodology (TCCM) framework has been employed for theory development and to identify gaps in existing research and future research directions. This paper provides a qualitative analysis of the relationship between varied use of AI in the hospitality industry holistically using bibliometric analysis and TCCM. Results show that 'consumer experience', 'robots', 'forecasting', 'willingness to accept', 'technology development', 'human-robot interaction' are the main domains. The perception of customers, experience, and technology development are a few factors that impact a firm's competitiveness immensely. This analysis provides a picture of the current state of AI in the hospitality domain. Byline: Kamakshi Sharma, Sanjay Dhir, Viput Ongsakul

This paper aims to understand the reasonable role of knowledge management (KM) in creating capability for the sectors of society to establish awareness and proper decision-making to untangle the complexities of current world challenges. The paper attempts to identify various factors of KM through a literature review, which are further analysed through 'total interpretive structural modelling' (TISM) and 'matriced impacts crosses multiplication applique and classement' (MICMAC) to implement the KM strategy in an adequate manner. A total of ten factors have been identified. The TISM methodology represents the hierarchical structure of the factors and demonstrates the relationship among the factors by giving logical explanation about the driving/dependence power of each factor. A TISM-based hierarchical framework has been demonstrated, followed by the determination of the components' dependency and driving power using MICMAC analysis. This enables practitioners, academics and policymakers to strategise appropriately. Byline: Sunali Bindra, Deepika Sharma, Bhumika Achhnani, Hari Govind Mishra, Viput Ongsakul

Entrepreneurial orientation as a factor in innovation and entrepreneurship research has gained interest in recent years. This paper attempts to explore and evaluate the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation in the context of Indian new ventures. Drawing from the existing measurement scale of entrepreneurial orientation, the concept is discussed and addressed in three dimensions: risk-taking ability, innovativeness, and proactiveness. Focusing on strategic innovation in new ventures, this paper also highlights the conceptual relationships among entrepreneurial orientation, organisational innovation, technological innovation, and product innovation. With an aim to understand and assess the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation in the context of Indian new ventures, the paper presents an empirical evaluation of the concept of entrepreneurial orientation, followed by a discussion of the future research agenda. Byline: Kamala Kannan Dinesh, Sushil

Nowadays, the inspection process plays a vital role to improve the quality of items. Despite efficient planning, there may be some defective items delivered to the retailer in the delivered lot. Moreover, in today's unstable global economy, there is a consequent decline in the real value of money because the general level of prices of goods and services is rising, also known as inflation. In the past several years, most countries have suffered from large-scale inflation and a sharp decline in the purchasing power of money. The present paper contributes to a set of models capturing economic order quantity (EOQ) with a learning effect for decaying defective items under the inflationary condition. The objective of this paper is to determine the impact of learning on the optimal order quantity and corresponding total profit under inflationary conditions. An expression for the total profit of the retailer has been optimised with respect to cycle length. Conclusively, sensitive analysis has been presented as a consequence of numerical examples. Byline: Mahesh Kumar Jayaswal, Mandeep Mittal

One of the fiendishly difficult tasks to perform in this computational era is deceit detection in credit and debit cards. In the current online and digital era recognising authentic identities is important for e-commerce websites so that genuine and fraudulent people could be segregated efficiently. In this paper, logistic regression (LR) and n-fold intelligent machine learning (IML) techniques are used for preventing and detecting the fraud in cloud and IoT connected surroundings. During experimental analysis, authors observed that the methodology proposed in this paper is reliable, accurate, and efficient for identifying the fraud in cloud and IoT-based surroundings of smart city societies. Byline: Kamta Nath Mishra, Ved Prakash Mishra, Shashwat Saket, Shivam Prakash Mishra

This study examines whether the stock price synchronicity (SYNCH) can influence the stock liquidity in an emerging market. The paper also assesses the impact of demonetisation on stock liquidity. This paper applies the fixed effect and random effect panel data methods to estimate the regression model. Further, the article uses the two-step dynamic panel data technique to address the possible endogeneity problem. The paper finds that the stock price synchronicity has a positive and significant association with stock liquidity. It is noticed that the higher the SYNCH, the more is the stock liquidity by using two measures of liquidity. It is also found that stock liquidity is significantly increased post demonetisation. This study attributes this phenomenon to the well-developed online banking system in India. The paper suggests that the regulators should ensure that more firm-specific information is reflected in the stock prices. Byline: Pankaj Chaudhary

The psychological and socioeconomic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is significant and has changed the global order. Strict confinement has changed our everyday life and our buying behaviour. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of COVID-19 on the behaviour of digital payments in the Indian context. The cluster analysis technique is used to classify the types of customers according to their payment behaviour. The first group of clients may be described as 'late majority' and the second group of clients as 'early majority'. The results suggest that fear of COVID-19 has contributed to digital initiatives by banks. The findings of this paper can be used by private and public sector banks or other small banks to understand the future implications of it in their payment operations and future policy to optimise the operational cost. Byline: Shubhendra Singh Parihar, Masood H. Siddiqui, Shyamji Mehrotra

The use of biomass as a form of renewable energy source in order to provide district heating is a very important issue. This paper analyses the barriers of using biomass for district heating in the city Bor located in Eastern Serbia. The subject of this paper is of a complex nature and requires the use of a multi-criteria decision-making method. The aim is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the internal factors in a heating company, external factors that influence the introduction of biomass, and define the most important challenges in the use of renewable energy sources. Based on the reviewed literature and interviews with the representatives of the heating company, five categories of barriers and 22 sub-categories are identified. A step-wise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) multi-criteria decision-making method is used to prioritise the barriers. According to the results of the prioritisation, the most important barrier category of switching from the use of coal to the use of biomass is technical barrier, followed by economic category of barriers. Byline: Ivana VeliÄkovska

It is argued that an adherence to the use of 'hard', applied mathematical models is a major factor in achieving publication of papers on international business topics in top rated journals. However one may readily find examples of papers which meet this test but which are less than reliable in terms of what their models tell us about the real world of international business. As such, these sorts of papers and models fail a key test of accessibility and utility for the practitioner. On the other hand there are papers with models which are apparently less theoretically complex but which fully meet the accessibility and utility criterion. Such papers are quite likely to appear in 'lower ranked' journals. The argument is illustrated by examining 20 papers as evidence cases. This critique should assist the improvement of research methods used in international business and management research. Byline: M. John Foster

Automotive systems engineering (SE) design and high-quality manufacturing, are highly reliant on the valuable knowledge and experience embedded within corporate processes, guides, rules, and practitioners. However, current knowledge management (KM) strategies are not entirely well suited to effectively capture all the new SE knowledge generated during continuous innovation so that it is readily accessible throughout the complete vehicle product lifecycle. This paper reports on an investigation into KM practices within the product development (PD) environment of a large-scale multinational automotive manufacturer. An initial exploratory industrial investigation involving automotive PD practitioners, was conducted with the central focus on the real-world implications of creating, sharing, storing and accessing SE knowledge. This paper presents an appraisal of the KM practices and reveals the types of SE knowledge utilised and the KM taxonomies employed throughout the SE lifecycle on multigenerational vehicle programs. The research conclusions in this paper form the foundation for further work. Byline: Timothy Saunders, Caroline Tite, James Gao

The amount of students' data stored in educational databases is increasing rapidly. These databases contain hidden patterns and useful information about students' behaviour and performance. Data mining is the most effective method to analyse the stored educational data. Educational data mining (EDM) is the process of applying different data mining techniques in educational environments to analyse huge amounts of educational data. Several researchers applied different machine learning techniques to analyse students' data and extract hidden knowledge from them. Prediction of students' academic performance is necessary for educational environments to measure the quality of the learning process. Therefore, it is one of the most common applications of EDM. In this survey paper, we present a review of data mining techniques, EDM and its applications, and discuss previous studies in predicting students' academic performance. An analysis of different machine learning techniques used in previous studies is also presented in this paper. Byline: Aya Nabil, Mohammed Seyam, Ahmed Abou-Elfetouh

The emergence of financial big data stocks has caused dramatic changes, and predictive analytics systems require a scalable architecture to intelligently process these data. In this paper, a real-time predictive big data analytics (RPBA) system is proposed using the technical indicators to predict stock market trend. Scalable random forest (SRF) is enhanced as a financial instrument by contributing the hyperparameters optimisation. This paper explores the novel alternative by the combination of features engineering and enhanced SRF to maximise the desired measure of stock prediction models based on the data from four stocks periods: inactive, sub-active, active, and strong-active periods. The empirical findings indicate that the proposed RPBA system can provide high predictability 85% for short-term and 99% for long-term predictions over real-time financial eight stock markets. Byline: Myat Cho Mon Oo

With rapid technological innovations, today's world is often characterised by never-ending changes in our life styles, socio-economic status, and interactions among ourselves. These changes are further accelerated with the emergence of the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) that started in Germany in 2011. In particular, this revolution has begun to transform the way we manufacture products and deliver those products to customers. One of those transformations includes the increasing adoption of smart factory concepts. Despite increased attention to a smart factory, its fundamentals, application areas, and potential impacts on firm performances are not well documented in the literature. To help manufacturing firms better understand smart factory concepts and successfully build a smart factory within a supply chain, this paper synthesises the evolution of smart factory concepts, designs underlying architecture, develops specific milestones for monitoring the progress of smart factory adoption, and then identifies key success factors for its implementation in global business environments. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to provide practical guidelines that will lead to the successful development and operationalisation of a smart factory based on the qualitative content analysis. Byline: Hokey Min

The emphasis of this paper is to explore the factors related to traits that are internal and analysing its impact on the performance of the SMEs in Delhi & NCR. This paper aims at exploring the linkage between individual traits with the organisational performance and understanding how they manage their business. This paper employs a mixed method for data collection from different target respondents. Data are collected through survey, i.e. questionnaire. Data have been collected with the help of convenience sampling. For the survey, entrepreneurs were selected who owns SMEs and running successfully for the last ten years. 86 SMEs were selected for survey. To analyse the data factor analysis and correlation method were used. Results indicated the strong positive association between the individual's psychological traits and business performance. Findings have practical implication for SMEs owner for maintaining sustainability and growth of their organisation. Byline: Gurinder Singh, Vikas Garg, Pooja Tiwari