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The article discusses various aspects of using financial incentives to encourage people with psychosis to adhere to maintenance treatment with antipsychotics. It highlights evidence supporting the idea that financial incentives have a beneficial effect on adherence to healthcare treatments. The authors describe the study design including the composition and characteristics of study subjects.

The article discusses research investigating feasibility and effectiveness of a local antibiotic prescribing campaign for outpatients in Italy. While the low-cost campaign focuses on the public, it also includes a newsletter containing information on antibiotic prescribing and antimicrobial resistance which aims to target both physicians and pharmacists. Brief details about the use of a social marketing approach, primary outcomes recorded, and other reasons for caution outlined are given.

The article offers information on a study on self management support for long term conditions in routine primary care. It informs that randomized controlled trial of 44 practices and 5599 patients with diabetes, chronic obstructive pul­monary disease and irritable bowel syndrome were carried out. It informs that no harm was reported on the study.

A summary of the article "Effect of intensive structured care on individual blood pressure targets in primary care: multicentre randomised controlled trial," by Simon Stewart et al. is presented. The changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure according to individual blood pressure target at randomisation are recorded. In the study, 8.8% more participants in the intervention group achieved individualised blood pressure control.

The article discusses the Patient Engagement And Coaching for Health (PEACH) randomised controlled trial which involves use of telephone coaching by practice nurses for improving glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes patients. It describes implementation of this intervention in a primary care setting in Australia. It also reports details concerning study design, glycated haemoglobin differences observed between the intervention, and reasons for caution outlined.

The article discusses research investigating effectiveness of interdisciplinary primary care strategies in reducing disability and functional decline in frail elderly people. It reports use of a computer-generated list in the cluster randomised controlled trial. It describes participant selection process conducted, measurement of primary outcomes, and patient follow-up rates recorded. It also outlines disability scores gathered using the Groningen Activity Restriction Sale.

The article discusses a study which determined whether offering point of care (rapid) testing for HIV in a clinical setting to men who have sex with men increase their rate of HIV testing. Findings show that subjects who have access to rapid HIV testing do not have HIV tests at a significantly higher rate than men with access to conventional HIV testing over an 18 month period. Offering rapid HIV testing initially increased HIV testing frequency, but was not sustained over time.

The article investigates whether transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), as a patient-controlled adjunct to primary care management for tennis elbow, can solely provide superior pain relief to primary care management. Findings showed that TENS provided no additional clinical benefit over primary care management consisting of information and advice on analgesia and exercise for patients with tennis elbow, probably partly attributed to poor adherence to treatment suggestions.

In this article, the authors focus on the multicentre randomised controlled trial (ROSSINI Trial) related to the impact of a wound edge protection device (WEPD) on surgical site infection in patients after laparotomy. According to the trial, WEPDs are not useful in reducing the rate of surgical site infection and patients diagnosed with an infection experienced longer hospital stay. They also mention that they carried out secondary analyses on the basis of contamination during operation.

The article focuses on a study to investigate the role of a specialist medical and mental health unit (MMHU) in improving outcomes, experience, and satisfaction for older people with dementia or delirium admitted to an acute hospital as compared to standard care. A randomised controlled trial was compared with a specialist medical and mental health unit providing best practice care with standard hospital wards. The study took place in a single centre in Great Britain which provided sole acute hospital medical services for its population.

The article presents a study on the use of telemonitoring device for management of uncontrolled hypertension. It informs that a randomized controlled trial of 200 participants and primary outcome of data were collected for 90 percent patients. It informs that three patients in the intervention group described anxiety as a result of self monitoring.

The article offers information on a study of obesity management in younger children. It informs that a randomized control trial on body mass index (BMI) surveillance in 22 general practices in Mel­bourne, Australia on 1195 children aged 3-10 years over a 10 month period were carried out. It informs that the outcome had similar BMI and BMI z-scores.

The article discusses a study to evaluate the efficacy of double dose oseltamivir on clinical and virological outcomes in children and adults admitted to hospital with severe influenza. The participants included 326 patients including children and adults. The study concluded that oseltamivir was not found to be more effective than standard dose of oseltamivir in improving outcomes among those patients admitted to hospitals with severe influenza.

The article discusses a study to evaluate the efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing mortality due to traumatic bleeding. The study found that tranexamic acid significantly reduced all cause mortality without any apparent increase in adverse thrombotic events. These effects do not seem to vary with baseline risk of death. The study thus provides suggestive evidence for the use of tranexamic acid in a wide range of patients with traumatic bleeding, otherwise used only in the most severe cases.