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This article emphasizes the crucial significance of personal data and the potential dangers arising from its unauthorized processing, which can violate an individual's basic rights and freedoms. To address these worries, the European Union has implemented a comprehensive regulatory structure, widely recognized as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). In the domain of data privacy and security, personal data is defined as encompassing any information with the capacity to identify an individual, whether it be anonymized, encrypted, or pseudonymized data. The regulatory purview of GDPR spans all modes of data processing, automated or manual, and remains indifferent to the storage medium or technology employed. Illustrative examples of personal data comprise an individual's name, identification number (like a CNP), location data (such as GPS coordinates), online identifiers (for instance, specific types of cookies), and a diverse array of attributes pertaining to an individual's physical, physiological, genetic, psychological, economic, cultural, or social identity. This classification also encompasses information such as IP addresses, email addresses, or residential addresses. It is of utmost importance to acknowledge that personal data, whether examined in isolation or in conjunction with other data elements, retains the potential to unveil the identity of an individual. This paper expands the scope of analysis to critically assess the multifaceted implications of GDPR within the contemporary landscape of data privacy and security, with a specific focus on its relevance within the realm of management practices. The examination encompasses an indepth exploration of the foundational principles of GDPR, its legal framework, and its global impact across businesses, individuals, and regulatory bodies. Additionally, the study delves into the complexities associated with GDPR compliance, illuminating the evolving dynamics of data protection within an increasingly digitized world. It emphasizes the essential role played by effective management strategies in addressing these challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Privacy and protection of personal data on the Internet have become issues of public concern in Indonesia. There is growing public distrust of institutions that manage personal data. Poor management of personal data provides a fertile ground for cybercrime and lack of accountability, especially in the context of the new digital economy. In response, the Indonesian Communication Ministry drafted the Personal Data Protection Bill, which has been submitted to the parliament. This paper analyzes the PDP Bill to determine whether it meets international data privacy standards. The EU GDPR is selected as the benchmark for assessment as it is regarded as the toughest privacy law worldwide. The study finds that Indonesian citizens do not have the same level of protection as their European counterparts. Nonetheless, the implementation of this bill when it becomes law will lead to a high level of personal data protection in the new digital economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]