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This paper addressed the regional and international reasons that prompted Saudi Arabia and Iran to engage in an agreement (Beijing: 10/3/2023). The research derives its importance from the fact that it deals with a topic of great importance and exceptionality, and has a great impact, whether at the level of the region or the world. The historical and analytical approaches were used to address the research problem: What are the regional and international reasons that prompted Saudi Arabia and Iran to engage in the (Beijing) agreement? The study is presented in two parts: the first dealt with the regional causes and the with the international causes. In addition to an introduction, conclusion and recommendations. Among the most prominent search results: -The failure of the Saudi-led military coalition in Yemen since 2015 AD; One of the most important reasons for its rapprochement with Iran. Saudi Prince Mohammed bin Salman's economic vision 2030 AD; I made him work to zero Saudi Arabia's problems in the region. - Continuing Western-economic sanctions on Iran, and popular discontent with the deterioration of living conditions; They made it converge with Saudi Arabia. -America's military withdrawal from the Middle East region and its indifference to Saudi Arabia's demands; pushed it to an agreement with Iran. -China's sponsorship of the consultations; As a superpower, it had a major role in Saudi Arabia and Iran reaching the agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The iolinid mite Coccalicus clavatus Willmann, 1952 was collected during a survey from the soil of Gilanegharb, Kermanshah, Iran in 2022. This species was first described in the family Alycidae by Willmann in 1952 and then André and Uusitalo transferred it to the family Iolinidae in 2006, accompanied by transferring species from the genus Paratydaeolus to the genus Coccalicus. Some challenges about species characters of this mite are discussed in this paper and the synonymy of C. lukoschusi and C. clavatus is proposed. The genus consists of 12 species with clavate trichobothria, and is related to various habitats like soil, stored products, under barks, on leaves of different plants, and on birds. They have been reported from Europe, Antarctica and North America and this is the first record of the Coccalicus mites from Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seed-eater eurytomids of the genus Bruchophagus Ashmead, 1988 were collected from Ardabil and Qazvin provinces in northwest Iran. Various host plants were collected and their seeds were kept in laboratory conditions from 2007 to 2012. Scope of this paper focused on the Bruchophagus species reared from seeds of Astragalus brachydontus Boiss (Fabaceae). We obtained six species of Bruchophagus including B. astragali Fedoseeva. They were B. saxatilis Zerova; B. mutabilis Nikolaskaya; B. nikolskayae (Zerova); B. turkestanicus Zerova, and B. robiniae Zerova. Of which, Bruchophagus saxatilis Zerova, is a new record for the Iranian fauna. New host associations were found for all collected species and it seems a complex biological association that was recorded for the first time. Currently, 11 species of Bruchophagus are occurred inassociated with seeds of A. brachydontus. All previously known species of the genus Bruchophagus in Iran are also tabulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents new information on black fungus gnats (Sciaridae) based on field studies at seven localities in Iran. Five sciarid species from the genera Bradysia Winnertz, Corynoptera Winnertz and Lycoriella Frey were collected with Malaise traps, yellow sticky traps, sweep net and an aspirator between 2015 and 2021: Bradysia cellarum Frey, 1948; B. ocellaris (Comstock, 1882); B. tilicola (Loew, 1850); Corynoptera fatigans (Johannsen, 1912); Lycoriella sativae (Johannsen, 1912). All species are first records for the Sistan and Baluchestan province. Bradysia tilicola (Loew) is new to Iran and was recorded for the first time in the Middle East. This brings the number of known sciarid species from Iran to seven. For five species are given a short morphological diagnosis and the global distribution. A map illustrates the distribution of all identified sciarid species in Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International scientific collaborations are an important and influential factor in the process of internationalization of universities and higher education institutions. The quantitative measure of this type of interaction is the international scientific output. Internationally published scientific articles play the most role. In this paper, the international scientific publication of industrial engineering in the world and Iran has been analyzed with a competitiveness approach through a Location Quotient Index (LQI) focusing on Iranian industrial engineering publication. The data base of this study is the 148240 records of bibliographic information of articles published in 55 journals in the field of industrial engineering and special focus on 3424 articles published by Iranian researchers in the last 50 years by descriptive survey method. The results indicate that industrial engineering production has been growing and leaping in recent decades. The top countries in the publication of international articles in this field are the US, China and the United Kingdom. A quantitative comparison of Iran's international scientific publication with that of other countries shows that it ranks 15th in the world and first in the region. Investigating the competitive advantage of international industrial engineering production of Iran in cooperation with other countries using the LQI shows that in terms of quantity and quality compared to total international industrial engineering publication in the world and total engineering publication in Iran, it has a relatively high relative competitive advantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & objective: In order to have effective parenting, which, in turn, results in children being happy, healthy and productive, it is necessary to design an effective indigenous pattern based on the Iranian culture. The aim of this study was to explore indicators of successful parenting of adolescents among Iranian families. Methods: This applied study used qualitative grounded theory to gather its data. 13 cases of successful parents were selected using theoretical sampling. They were studied using in-depth interviews over a period of 6 months. After collecting the data, they were recorded and coded in terms of categories, and then they were classified. In analyzing the data, the original codes were identified and based on axial coding, categories of parental role were identified. Results: In the context of the role of parents, appreciation, encouraging, sincerity, positive communication, navigation, responsibility, fairness, monitoring, control and modeling role of parents were identified as parenting indicators. Conclusion: The findings of this study can be helpful for parents in the upbringing of healthy young adults. Family counselors and psychologists could also apply the results of this study for educating families for successful parenting. Paper Type: Research Article [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of temperature estates is hot day occurrence. In order to recognize the mechanism of this estate، surveying its spatial behavior is crucially important. In current paper it has been attempted to recognized widespread hot days and their spatial distribution by using statistical methods. Accordingly maximum temperature database of Iran during 1962-2008 has been used. The analyses result has illustrated 1537 widespread hot days. Most of these days have been occurred during winter and spring seasons. In order to recognize distribution patterns and spatial autocorrelation، Global and local Moran statistic and also Getis- Ord G* statistic has been used. Using Global Moran has been revealed that in 99% confidence interval، cluster pattern governs the hot days frequency as well as hot days temperature. Frequency clusters has been raised in centre of Iran while clusters of the mean of temperature has been occurred in southern (from west to east) and northwest margin of the country. However the regions that experienced maximum frequencies of hot days do not happened in regions with hottest day's temperature mean. Generally hot days regions are determined by humidity، latitude and elevation. The hot spots are located in south، southeast and cold spots are founded in high lands and northwest of Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]