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This paper presents a theoretical framework in order to capture the interaction between the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) and Turkey's water management policy. It is argued that legal discourses, organizations and policy networks prevailing in Turkey's water management policy are more flexible in terms of change, whereas institutional arrangements, which constitute the substantive part of the necessary changes for the implementation of the WFD, are likely to change more subtly and gradually. Not only the embedded flexibility in the WFD but also the established traditions and continuities in Turkey's water management policy contribute to the explanation of this argument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immigrants coming to Turkey from Bulgaria since 1950 were granted with an immigrant visa and land. Aiding committees were founded to create financial help. Services of the DP government regarding immigrants continued until the coup d'etat. Foundations of a modern joiner's shop were laid in 1958. with Ankara immigrant Admission and Education Centre. Construction ofnew buildings in Tekirdağ and Tuzla, İstanbul was planned. Besides, the government planned opening immigrant admission and education houses in Tekirdağ and Tuzla, İstanbul apartfrom the one in Ankara taking into account the fact that immigrants should be educated initially for preventing them to have difficulty in adaptation in social and cultural terms. As a result of government policies, immigrants who foundpeace in their new lives in Turkey expressed their feelings of gratefulness in the letter they addressed to Prime Minister Adnan Menderes. This paper aims at examining the situations of immigrants immigrated to Turkey from Bulgaria, their adaptation to their new lives, the difficulties they faced and policies of the DP government regarding these immigrants during 1950-1960. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides an analytical discussion on the recent Arab revolutions and their possible effects on the political reconstruction of the Middle East region. The study starts with a brief history and background of the revolutions, talking about international and domestic conditions giving rise to these revolutions. Then both general and specific demands of the public rebelling are addressed in detail. Possible scenarios with respect to the future political reconstruction of the rebelling countries, as well as the Middle East region as a whole, are also discussed in concluding the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes numerical data and sectoral distribution relating to child labor in Turkey. The information is taken the labor force research data collected by the Turkish Statistical Institute. Several attempts have been made to resolve the problems of child workers in Turkey. The first stage was the implementation of the International Program on the Elimination of Child Labor (ILO/IPEC). After introduction of the program, many organizations started various activities directed towards children workers in Turkey. Since these initiatives were coordinated and complementary activities there were remarkable developments in the fight against problems of the child workers. The Turkish Statistical Institute examined the child labor force proportion by means of three separate statistical components and the results revealed that number of the child workers has a tendency to decrease. Despite some statistical research carried out in Turkey, the precise number of children that are working cannot be determined. Some of the leading factors can be listed as paucity of research carried out in this area, inaccurate official statistical data regarding the number of children who are working illegally, employed as unpaid family workers, working in the streets, working on the temporary or seasonal basis, and other related factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is about to examine how regulators can be benefited from conjectural variation method to prevent pollution while taxing firms in oligopoly markets. In this paper, it is assumed that regulators have perfect information about demand, cost and the technologies that firms use to reduce pollution. On the other hand, the level of the optimal rate of taxation is ignored. The basis for conjectural variation method is constituted by the reactions of firms towards each others' behaviors. By looking at these reactions, regulators can easily determine whether a firm behaves according to Bertrand, Cournot or Cartel models. And, this helps to reduce pollution significantly by increasing the impact of emission tax. Although the structure of markets is a significant factor in the measurement of the social cost of tax, some problems are confronted when calculating that cost. In addition, it has been observed ad valorem taxation is superior to specific taxation in terms of welfare in oligopolistic markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to growing needs, space activities have been increasingly gaining an interdisciplinary dimension, and a starategic importance for all countries concerned with security in the widest sense. The concept of space and security has now moved beyond the classical domain of the armed forces, to encompass service to the whole humanity. In this context, while space used to be concerned with aeronautics and defense, it has now come to a point where, along with the changing global threats, it shares a varity of research areas and applications within the security platform. As the classical security concept gives way to a new security understanding in the framework of new threats, countries have been incorporating more space based systems in their struggle at both the national and international levels. As a result of effective use of space systems, significant achievements have been made against both natural and man-made threats. On the other hand, waste of time and resources cannot be afforded in the high technology and high cost space projects. In this paper first the classical and new security concepts are explored comparatively in the face of the new threats, as percieved by the major powers in the World. Then, use of space assets are explained in relation to security applications, followed by the space policies of the major powers, and some specific space based security projects and programs. Finally a summary of Turkish space activities is given together with certain recommendations as derived from other countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]