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International fragmentation of production and economic integration are two structural motors of change that have characterized the global economy for decades. However, an interest in analyzing these two processes together has recently intensified due to the neo-protectionist turn in trade and economic policy in the United States. This paper examines trade and productive relations between Mexico, the United States and Canada, demonstrating how the global value chains (GVCs) in which they participate obscure global tendencies (centrifugal forces) and regional countertendencies (centripetal forces) that provoke changes in the geography and composition of productive linkages. These processes have the result of restructuring, and to a certain extent disintegrating, the regional bloc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of the study of "new diplomacies", this paper examines the paradiplomacy of cities. It argues that city paradiplomacy distinguishes itself by avoiding being a mere imitation of state diplomacy. Taking a qualitative approach, the case of Mexico City is analysed based on the following research question: to what extent does Mexico City's paradiplomacy incorporate civic binationality into its actions? The argument made is that, in contemporary North America, because of their transnational nature, binational migrants are necessary agents for Mexico City's paradiplomacy. The empirical basis of the analysis is migrant policy and activism in Mexico City and Chicago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the prestigious Mexican historian, Miguel León-Portilla, the Yumans of Baja California were not Indians of warfare, but rather Indians of peace. In the opinion of this researcher, it was because of their living in a fossilized paleolithic state that these Indigenous groups did not present any kind of resistance against the European colonization, making possible their easy domination and afterwards diminishment or assimilation. This paper questions these assertions not only because of their lack of technical precision, but also because they obscure the role of agency that these Indians played during the missionary period. On the contrary, this paper endorses Edward Spicer (1962) in the sense that resistance took place even among those groups who were not seriously engaged in significant fights against the Spanish conquerors. In the particular case of the Yuman people, this resistance challenged the Pueblo Indio project and its related implications in terms of sedentary lifestyle, agricultural economy and the adoption of a scheme of central authority. As we know, these patterns were opposed to those observed among the Yumans as nomads, hunters and gatherers, organized into a segmentary lineage system. Moreover, the kind of resistance described in this paper constitutes what James C. Scott (1990) refers to as the hidden and daily life transcripts, such as ingenuity, intelligence simulating ignorance, and irony, as well as those economic and social practices studied by Jan Rus (1995), which include mobility and appropriation of the missionary site. All of these acts had the intention of perpetuating the presence of these indigenous people and make possible their social reproduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the example of the Saint-Roch district in Quebec City (Canada), this paper is an analysis of the rhetoric of urban discourse which for the last decade or so has driven and justified the revitalization project of older urban areas in North American cities. The goal here is to add from a cultural geography perspective to the understanding of this so-called new urbanism which seems to have great success in both practice and public opinion. This paper will firstly demonstrate that this discourse is built essentially as a self-criticism, since its fundamental principle is to recognize the failure of post World War II urbanism which favoured the renewal of older urban areas through large scale demolition and systematic reconstruction. Next, this paper explains that on this basis a set of figures has emerged which have paradoxically been used to justify: (1) the protection of built heritage while at the same time allowing for innovative uses of this heritage; (2) the diversity of uses of urban heritage while at the same time actively excluding certain options; (3) the necessity for participatory urbanism while at the same time acknowledging the impossibility of including certain social categories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the present day globalization context there are three Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) in which the labor issues forma part of the Labor Cooperation Agreement (LCA), accompanied by a text that contains "labor principles" : the FTA of North America with its ACLAN, the Canada-Chile FTA with its ACLCC, and the FTA of Canada and Costa Rica with its ACLCCR. There are also two FTAs in which no labor agreement is incorporated: the United States and Chile (FTAEUCHI), and the USA, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Dominican Republic (FTAEUACARD). In this paper the purposes, principles and labor agreements in these FTA and LCA were analyzed, interrelating them with the principles and norms of the ITO and the labor principles adopted by the UN and the OAS. In the conclusions certain considerations related to the impact of these contents in labor relations were formulated. The paper does not refer to globalization as such, or to the non-labor contents of the FTAs. It likewise did not examine constitutional contents, or solutions to controversies, nor the application of sanctions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article will analyse factors which, since the end of last century, have made interregional relations very important to understand the world geopolitical and economic order. Interregional relations are defined as those which pertain to relations between regions or between a given state and a given region, or within a megaregion. This evolution results from: the growing demand in the emerging economies and the interaction among them, a new framework of interregional economic relations, and the development of new commercial channels. Finally, this paper will introduce the different articled included in this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the disconnection between approaches to female authorship in French and North American feminist film discourse and illustrates how this difference reflects epistemological and methodological directions in feminist positions across the Atlantic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Separation power' theory has already few centuries over it shoulders but it has never loose its validity. At the beginning it was used to assume that such a theory was based in a strict and simplistic division of the main state functions, when in fact, since its first formulation involved levels of collaboration and control among them; being this the only way to guarantee the state efficacy and freedom as a last resort. In this way, separation but with collaboration and control was articulated by the North American presidential system and reflected, with their adaptations, singularities, and deformations in our country. Precisely the argument of this paper is oriented to show how our initial constitutionalism had collected the fundaments of the separation power's theory, keeping them alive till nowadays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research shows that the style used by a supervisor to manage his/her subordinates determines the organizational climate perceived by the latter. At the same time literature argues that organizational climate perceptions affect the work performance of the subordinates. Most of this research has been conducted with samples of managers from North America and Europe. Nevertheless employee management tends to be highly determined by the characteristics of local culture. This paper presents the results of a study about the managerial styles used by a sample of Chilean managers and its relationship to the organizational climate perceived by their subordinates. Two measures of managerial styles perceptions are used to predict the subordinate's organizational climate perceptions. These results are discussed in consideration of previous literature, local results are compared to those obtained in other cultures, and findings are discussed in relation to local work culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]