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The human capital theory states that education is an investment that contributes to the welfare and economic growth of countries. The social rate of return shows that the decision to invest in education is profitable for individuals and society and generates enough income to families to stay out of poverty margin. The following research paper analyzes the impact of human capital in the distribution of income, the education returns and gender wage gaps in Venezuela during the period 1998-2012, employing economic and social indicators, using an empirical estimation through a log-linear econometric model. The results show mainly the non-presence of the paradox of progress which can be categorized as a paradox of decline, caused by returns to education between 1998 and 2012, along with gaps between male and female wages whose explanation is attributable to discrimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to identify what the actors involved in the program "The computer in the school" understand by management, which is one of the dimensions that contributes to the effectiveness of this project and to educational quality. This program is coordinated by the Ministry of Education and the National Center for the Improvement of the Teaching of Science, CENAMEC. The study is integrated into the qualitative paradigm and has been presented in a descriptive exploratory format. A sample was taken of 7 of the 43 schools that are involved in the program on a national level. An analysis of the information obtained from secondary sources is presented as well as the sample results from the information gathered from the actors involved in the program. The factors which make up the management of the educational computer science program were identified from the perspective of the actors as well as in light of the importance that they have had in the execution of the project and in the fulfilment of project objectives. Managerial tasks that require improvement were also identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]