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The article presents the topic of paper laboratories and science in the pen of early modern authors. The importance of knowledge as power and its relationship with the scientific revolution of the 17th century is highlighted. The creation of the Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge in 1660 and its relationship with Francis Bacon's empiricism are mentioned. During the Restoration period in England (1660-1689), women had greater participation in public and cultural life, thanks to the social and cultural openness promoted by the Charles II regime. The figures of Margaret Cavendish and Aphra Behn, two English authors who ventured into literature and science of the time, are highlighted. Both authors used satire to criticize the misuse of technology and science. In the article "A Soup of Amorphism and Extravagance: Science in The Emperor of the Moon," Behn's satire on science and the spectacular practices of the time is analyzed. The article also highlights the participation of women in scientific thinking and debates of the time. [Extracted from the article]

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Copyright of E-L@tina is the property of E-L@tina. Revista Electronica de Estudios Latinoamericanos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Diánoia is the property of Instituto de Investigaciones Filosoficas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Synthesis (03281205) is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Currently, the specialized literature agreed on the need to democratize knowledge in techno-cognitive decision-making. In particular, some participation mechanisms are questionated because are considered mere exercises used to legitimize preexisting decisions. This accounts for the need to outline new tools to analyze the participatory dynamics in the generation of projects and technologies for local development. Objective: This paper aims to propose an analytical framework to map participatory dynamics, applied to the analysis of local development projects promoted by research institutions through the design and apply of a specific typology. Methodology: This qualitative research is based on two case studies, which involved indepth interviews with relevant actors, documentary analysis and fieldwork in key participatory action research. To carry out the analysis, we use a theoretical-methodological approach based on the sociology of constructivist technology, which proposes to inquire the way in which society and technology are co-constructed. Results: The analysis of two case studies alowed to identify two different trajectories of social participation. The first case initiate with aa broad participation experience, but derived a form of expert control. The second case began with expert control, but participation broadened and intensified throughout the process. Conclusions: Finally, the paper propose some reflections on how participatory dynamics work in the promotion of interactive learning processes and capacity building in technoscientific projects for local development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this paper we analyse the expectations regarding university studies and career choice of first-generation university students and graduates. Our interest in this particular population is due to the fact that they are atypical cases. The theoretical perspective is the relationship with knowledge and dispositionalist and contextualist sociology. The methodology is qualitative and we used in-depth interviews with a sample of 35 students from three degree courses at the National University of La Plata. The families and the school experience were central in the construction of expectations, while the choice of career was defined on the basis of the transit through secondary school, in the university experience itself as well as in other non-school environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I inquire into the notion of background in the philosophy of Charles Taylor and seek to complement it with reflections made by Hubert Dreyfus. This notion aims to counteract the cognitive representationalism that Descartes's thought tremendously promoted and that has been largely perpetuated by modern epistemology. Representationalism, for Taylor, makes us open to anthropologies based on ontologies of disengagement (dualism and mechanistic monism), an imprint which decisively influenced modern and contemporary philosophy despite the efforts of different schools of thought that claim to have overcome it. For Dreyfus, the notion of background is linked to our social practices, and Heidegger's controversial "the One" (das Man) is its privileged place of transmission; it is also that which would definitively collapse the Cartesian representationalist legacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clinical judgement has become a central topic in both medicine and the philosophy since the 1960s. With the development of evidence-based medicine in the 1990s, clinical judgment is expected to be more sensitive to the needs and preferences of patients in the face of threats from positivist approaches that are considered to neglect individuality. This paper addresses this problem in the light of a philosophy of medicine that is more sensitive to the historical components of epistemology, ontology, and ethics. The analysis is directed to the 19th century in order to elucidate the tensions about the place of medical knowledge and the commitment, for the sake of professional improvement, to provide clinical judgment with new methods. This trip to the past is useful to understand the current transformations in the field of medicine, especially the way in which they help constitute new types of patients, new types of professional ethos, and new forms of relationship between these actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

“Univocity and Intuitive Science in Spinoza”. This paper seeks to investigate the Spinozist theory of knowledge. The starting point of my argument is a reading hypothesis that connects the univocity of the real with intuitive science. The aim is to demonstrate that the cognoscitive access provided by the third genre of knowledge is the only means to attain knowledge of the totality of Nature. Accordingly, the paper shows, on the one side, that both imagination and reason provide us only with incomplete and biased knowledge of the real. On the other side, it shows that—notwithstanding their shortfalls—these cognoscitive perspectives are authentic and true, and are present in the third genre of knowledge. Finally, the paper shows the coherence of the Spinozist system and its proposal of intuitive science—knowledge of the unity underlying all perspectives—as the human ethical destiny. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this paper, the author subjects the narrative of "interculturality" to a critique from an intercultural perspective, invoking the critical potential of intercultural philosophy in contrast to a culturalist "interculturality" light. The background of this analysis is the epistemic violence exercised by the West in the fields of knowledge, science, and education. This violence is particularly noticeable in the case of philosophy, leading to a sort of "philosophical homicide" (philosophicide) with respect to indigenous philosophies such as the Andean one in the case of Abya Yala. The paper concludes with some guidelines for the challenges that a critical intercultural philosophy must face in the XXI century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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