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Copyright of Anuario Filosófico is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anuario Filosófico is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Scripta Theologica is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RILCE. Revista de Filología Hispánica is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RILCE. Revista de Filología Hispánica is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anuario Filosófico is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anuario Filosófico is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Scripta Theologica is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Empresa y Humanismo is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper summarizes some Aristotle's teachings for contemporary economics. It starts clarifying that he uses the term oikonomikè in an enlarged way in order to extract these contributions. The author considers four analogical meanings of oikonomikè as a human action (of using what is necessary for the life and the Good Life), as a capacity, as a habit and as a practical science. Concerning ethical teachings, the paper enumerates the virtues that mostly assist the economic actions and avoids the practice of a "censured chrematistics". Then, the paper stresses the political character of oikonomikè and the relevance of institutions for the economy. It tackles the issue of incommensurability and suggests to recall the need of using a "practical comparability" to decide about social ends. Finally, the paper analyses the consequences of economics being a practical science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anuario Filosófico is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anuario Filosófico is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anuario Filosófico is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anuario Filosófico is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper intends to show the presence of the concept of natural law in the work of Alcuin of York, through an interpretation of his writings. The author asserts the existence of a natural law, that is proper to man, identified with freedom and based in human nature. So, the natural law is inalienable and, in consequence, supposes the prohibition of slavery. Finally, I touch on women as subjects of this natural and essential freedom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Memoria y Civilizacion is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses one of the main principles of the modern constitutionalism, i. e. that of freedom of press and freedom of expression, from the point of view of basic practical principles of rationality. In the first place, the article presents a juridical position that supports the right to the unrestricted exercise of those freedoms. Afterward, nature, end and rank of those freedoms are discussed. Then, the paper shows the objections against the prohibition of prior restraint in the domain of positive law. The article also finds out the philosophical foundations of the thesis that holds the right to the absolute exercise of those freedoms. Finally the author criticizes that position appealing to the axial principles of the practical order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this paper is to explore the connections between Eugenio d'Ors and Pragmatism. Specific attention is devoted to showing the reception of Pragmatism in the philosophy of d'Ors, and to explaining a constant theme in his works: the characterisation of his thought as a post-pragmatic intellectualism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the relationship between science and philosophy in the works of Carlos Vaz Ferreira. The idea of "search of truth" is the key to understand the role played by both science and philosophy in human knowledge, and their respective scopes and limits. According to Vaz Ferreira, science and philosophy are not mutually exclusive, but rather complementary; moreover, they do not exhaust the wealth of ways that humans have of acciesing reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Book Z of the Metaphysics of Aristotle focuses on the idea of the subject, which is one of the senses in which the term "substance" is used. Z is an important book, because it establishes how substance relates to change and matter. One school of interpretation of Z considers one sense of form to be prior to and more important than matter, and has proposed a different reading of the book. I will call this the "formalistic" approach to substance. Supporters of this school hold that the form comprises itself as a whole individual which may be considered as independent of matter. This school focuses especially on Z 3, 1029a-b, where Aristotle seems to challenge the status of matter as an essential part of substance. This paper deals with two formalist approaches, and stresses some difficulties in understanding Z when following the ideas of D. W. Ross. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper briefly presents the influence of the charisma of St. Francis of Assisi on modern economy. It explains how to translate the Franciscan way of living Christian charity into the characteristic trust of the market economy and its subsequent evolution and ambiguity. In this context, the author also highlights the deep meaning and scope of one of the most difficult and specific concepts of the encyclical «Caritas in veritate» gratuity, related to the logic of gift, which has to be present in economic activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sources cited within this issue are presented including "La monarquía," by St. Thomas Aquinas, "El Berlio," by Nicolás de Cusa and "El discurso del método," by René Descartes.

In the theological conception that is revealed in the fourteen encyclicals of John Paul II, as in the rest of his doctrinal documents, anthropology and Christology are inseparable. Only the son of God, making Himself man and uniting Himself with all humankind, has totally revealed the mystery of man. If the central theme of the philosophy and theology of Karol Wojtyla (in which the imago Dei is palpable) was man, as this paper asserts, man will also be the centre of the doctrinal message and pastoral action of John Paul II. His anthropocentrism is, at the same time, Christocentrism and for this reason is also, in its roots, Theocentrism. The interpretative key to his writings previous to his Pontificate is the notion of man as a person, the image of the subsistent Being, who is not in any way absolutely alone, but who is absolute and mysterious communion. This same truth of man as a personal image of the Trinitarian God always performs the function of the ultimate doctrinal foundation in his encyclicals. The theological framework of these texts is modelled by these statements and, even more, by the implicit theology of two conciliar passages that are repeatedly quoted in them: Gaudium et spes, n 22 and Gaudium et spes, n 24. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the argument given by philosopher Immanuel Kant to support his view that it is a duty of right to exit the state of nature and to enter a civil state. Also, the paper presents a contemporary discussion on the relationship between this duty of right and the duty of virtue. The discussion is full of implications particularly the view of the Kantian. It challenges the conventional account instead of a state designed to protect individual property rights that are existing.

A list of books received by the journal "Anuario Filosófico" is presented. Included on the list are "Las grandes épocas de la filosofía Antigua y medieval. Las grandes épocas de la filosofía clásica, moderna y contemporánea," by C. Sevillano and D. Folscheid, "I due volti della Gloria. I lamenti funebri omerici tra poesia e antropologia," by P. Gagliardi, and "Diogène d'Apollonie. Editions, traduction et comentaire des fragments et témoignages," by A. Laks.

A biography of books about the history of philosophy and systematic philosophy is presented.

Copyright of Empresa y Humanismo is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article examines the coherence of German philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz's notion of inclining but necessitating and his context of contemporary philosophy of action. The author explained that Leibniz stressed that knowledge inclines the agent towards the best action without necessitating to avoid determinism and indifferentism. On the other hand, his modal theory states that an action is contingent when the opposite is possible.

The article examines German philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz's thesis on compossibility. The intimate relation of Leibniz' thesis and the principle of perfection was discussed. On the other hand, the relationship between the absolute divine knowledge and God's perfect will was also taken account. The author described divine wisdom as the background which divine logique can be founded in a non logic instance.

The article examines the context of German philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz's modal ontology. The principles guarding his idea of contingency and principle of the best was also differentiated including the criterion of maximum compossibility. The last criterion that governs the creative election of God was also taken account.

The article analyzes one autograph of philosopher Immanuel Kant which was published by the Russian "Woprossy Filosofii" in 1986. The autograph adds knew arguments to space and time and their relation to the constitution of subjectivity. These are the central topics of the Kant's book "Critique of Pure Reason."

The article focuses on the reception and influence that can be made by the book "Critique of Judgement," by Immanuel Kant. It focuses on the central distinction between the determinant and the reflective function, the two fundamental types of functions in the "Faculty of Judgement." Also, the book considers its projection to the experience being developed in the "Critique of Pure Reason."