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The European Research Council (ERC) funding scheme classifies law within the social sciences and humanities sector, identifying legal science as a social science. The paper presents the case-study of such a classification as a deterministic model of evaluation and assessment of legal research. This may impact on career opportunities of individuals as well as on scientific independence, tacitly predefining the selection of research topics and legal methodology. The paper argues that ERC encourages a successful trend of conducting legal research to obtain funding, through the application of indicators. Their aim is to show which process has been followed to achieve and measure results. Legal science then risks being reduced to the analysis of legal performance. In this context, re-reading some writings of Polanyi on social sciences as well as on the critique of economic determinism sheds light on forms of academic determinism that affect the way of carrying-out research.

This paper aims to briefly discuss the concept of the Anthropocene within the geological sciences, and to consider, more broadly, some of the theoretical unfolding of the term within the humanities. Towards its conclusion, the paper presents the demands the Anthropocene makes, as a geological Epoch (in which the human becomes a geophysical force, capable of changing the Earth’s biophysical systems), of literary studies as a possible field for theoretical articulations that may add to the debates on this historical moment in which climate change, forced dislocations, the mass extinction of several species, and other urgent matters come to the fore.

La propuesta de este texto es seguir la línea de pensamiento del filósofo francés Jacques Rancière al abordar el trabajo teórico freudiano como dislocado de su tiempo histórico, es decir de las formulaciones teóricas absortas en el positivismo que hacían de las humanidades una práctica científica. Rancière observa que el trabajo interpretativo y teórico de Freud se ubica en una lógica estética que rompe con la definición clásica de ésta e inaugura un pensamiento más allá de la lógica moderna. Consecuentemente este trabajo abordará una conceptualización de modernidad, la desarrollada por Michel Foucault en el texto The Politics of Truth (1997), para pasar luego a los Cínicos griegos como vía hacia la propuesta de Jacques Rancière en El inconsciente estético (2005) donde plantea a Freud como pensador estético. This paper proposes to follow the french philosopher Jacques Rancière’s thougth when tackling Freud’s theoretical work as dislocated from its historical time, that is from the theoretical formulations captivated in the positivism that would make humanities a scientific practice. In others words this work understands Freudian’s texts beyond the very extended positivism in the humanities at those times. Jacques Rancière points out that Freudian’s interpretative and theoretical work breaks a classic aesthetic logic creating a new way of thinking beyond modern logic. Consequently, this paper will focus on the conceptualization of modernity developed by Michel Foucault in his work The Politics of Truth (1997). Later on, it will approach the Greek Cynics as a path towards understanding Jacques Rancière’s proposal in El inconsciente estético (2005), in which Freud is presented as an aesthetic thinker.

The reflections brought about in the present paper are developed along a renewed dialogue between psychoanalysis and the human sciences, in particular with semiotics understood as the science of signification, a science, according to the definition that Saussure gave in the early twentieth century, "that studies the life of signs within the framework of social life." The specific object of our reflection is understanding whether and how the mentalization abilities of modern humans have changed along with modern digital media. If what MacIver observed about "anomie" is true, namely, that anomic man "lives on the fragile thread of immediate sensations that have no past as well as no future," the specific structure of social media seems to determine psychosocial processes characterized by the flattening of an existential perspective dimension. Social media, in fact, is marked by a linear dimension, referred to by linguists as syntagmatic, and an extreme redundancy of the other fundamental dimension of language, namely the paradigmatic one. This linguistic and, in our opinion, also deeply psychological imbalance toward a horizontal superficiality "without past and without future" actually configures, in clinical experience, a contiguous-autistic dimension. Psychotherapeutic work then aims more than ever at recovering the capacity for a processual journey, session after session, in order to rebuild a vital "psycho-semio-narrative" capacity. Remembering in order to invent, then, and a "memory of the future" such that the relationship between narrative and Origins is not so much and not only the "narrative of origins," but storytelling as a deeply mental and dreamlike tool to originate a future never before imagined.

This paper presents the results of a study focused on the analysis of student texts in three disciplines from the humanities. The aim of the study was to determine, from a systemic functional standpoint and through a transitivity analysis of process types (HALLIDAY, 1994), how different fields of knowledge and experience are construed in student texts. In the analysis, we considered 80 texts written by undergraduate students of literature, history and geography. The texts belong to four different genres: essay, question-answer, review and report and were all written in Spanish. The methodology included a quantitative and qualitative analysis of process type realizations of each text, followed by a comparative analysis between the disciplines and between the genres considered in each one. The results showed both the similarities that unite these disciplines as part of the humanities area and the differences that reflect their specific fields of knowledge and construction of meanings.

Against the background of the contemporary debate about financialisation, the paper conceptualises the capitalist labour economy as fundamentally a monetary system. It argues that money is not a capitalist means of organising its labour economy but that it is rather a capitalist end. The argument examines and finds wanting conceptions of money in political economy, including Keynesianism and neoliberalism, and argues that the debate about financialisation is fundamentally based on the propositions of political economy. It holds that Marx’s critique of political economy conceives of money as the form of value and expounds money-making as the purpose of the capital labour economy. Thus, the labour theory of value is fundamentally a monetary theory of value, labour is the means of valorisation, and that is, of money in process, and as such capital. Making money out of money is capital as its most rational. In the form of credit, money posits wealth as a claim on future surplus value.

Ever more often, researchers and scholars endeavor to situate law in its social, political, historical and cultural contexts. At the same time, there is a need to invest law and the social sciences with new roles and resources. We thus propose to look for the many intersections of law, culture and the humanities by presenting four topical preoccupations: (1) interlegality in everyday life; (2) the synesthesia of law; (3) material socio-legal studies; and (4) interactive ecologies of knowledges and methodologies. This will constitute part one of the paper. Parts two and three will look at two particular and very recent interdisciplinary relationships: those between law and music and between law and food. We thus propose it would be appropriate to expose students, learners and practitioners of all kinds to the difference that an understanding of the links between law, culture and the humanities makes.

Abstract: Literature is an ancestral enterprise whereby humans seek to understand reality and make sense of the world at large. A sophisticated construct of the human imagination, Literary Criticism has served the purpose of scrutinizing verbal works of art from a wide range of critical perspectives to find out the truths contained in them about humanity and our world. This is a way of honouring the deep thinking and the beauty inherent in Literature. In this paper, we look at the concept of ‘liminality’ in Anglophone Studies, as well as to the power and promise of 21st-century Literary Criticism as part of the Humanities, at a time where there is a fierce need for a transdisciplinary approach to the study of literature that brings together the lessons of contemporary Philosophy and other relevant fields of knowledge that may shed light on our understanding of literature. Título en español: “El poder y la promesa de la Crítica literaria del siglo XXI” Resumen: La literatura es una empresa ancestral con la que los seres humanos tratan de comprender la realidad y el mundo en toda su extensión. Sofisticado constructo de la imaginación humana en sí misma, la Crítica Literaria ha estudiado las obras literarias desde múltiples perspectivas teóricas a lo largo de los siglos con el objeto de sacar a la luz las verdades que encierran sobre la humanidad y nuestro mundo. La Crítica Literaria no deja de ser una forma de honrar el pensamiento profundo y la belleza inherentes a la propia literatura. En este artículo meditamos acerca del concepto de ‘liminalidad’ en los Estudios Anglófonos, y reflexionamos sobre el poder y la promesa de la Crítica Literaria del siglo XXI como parte de las Humanidades, en unos tiempos en que urge apostar por un acercamiento holístico y transdisciplinar al estudio del fenómeno literario que aúne las lecciones de la Filosofía contemporánea y de otras disciplinas que acaso puedan arrojar luz sobre nuestra comprensión de la literatura

Translation Studies is a relatively new discipline, formerly at the margins of traditional academic departments, that has not only expanded but has been reinstated into the center of the humanities. In the past half-century the field has become a dynamic inter-discipline, transforming research and teaching in a number of fields, including language studies, linguistics, cultural studies, and social sciences. This paper examines the present state of the field and outlines trending research developments that have implications for translation pedagogy.

This paper discusses the possible significations of a so-called anthropological turn in the field of the Humanities and Arts. The text focuses on the meaning of Anthropology and its application in these fields. In this sense, two great conceptions of Anthropology are distinguished: an understanding of Anthropology as an attempt at a singular, meta-historical and transcultural determination of a valid definition of what it means to be human; and another whose use predominates in the Anglo-American contemporary context, in which different ways of being human are considered, instead of a single conception. The text also discusses the word ‘reviravolta’ [overturn] which the Humanities and the Arts have been trying to point out and identify as what is or should be the contemporary thought in those fields.

A characteristic of natural-language text databases is that a user must be able to specify all of the variant forms of each query word if high recall is to be achieved. The most common type of word variants are those arising from morphology and thus most retrieval systems provide facilities for user-controlled right-hand (and occasionally left-hand) truncation to allow the retrieval of all words with the same root. A stemming algorithm, or stemmer, is a computational procedure that reduces all words with the same root to a single form by stripping the root of its derivational and inflectional affixes. In most cases, only suffixes are stripped so that a stemmer provides an automatic equivalent of manual, right-hand truncation. Thus far, most work on stemmers has focused on present-day languages, but the increasing user of computers in the humanities has resulted in a need for comparable tools to facilitate searching in historical text databases. This paper summarises some of the initial results of a project here in Sheffield to develop such tools for databases of Latin text.

This study identifies the effects and impacts of the re-creation of the Northeast (Sudene) and Amazon (Sudam) Development Superintendencies, under the Growth Acceleration Program, on the socioeconomic development of the municipalities served. For this, we used dynamic panel data and differences-in-differences models, with information from Brazilian municipalities, from 2005 to 2014. The indicator of socioeconomic development was the Firjan Municipal Development Index, both for general perspective and dimensions (education, health, employment and income). Overall, results indicated that the superintendencies had a positive impact on general and educational developments, with observation of positive effects for health. However, although the beneficiary regions are most in need of regional development policies in Brazil, the restructuring of the superintendencies, with the proposed projects and objectives, was not able to fully meet these needs as no positive impacts on employment and income were identified. Este estudo objetivou identificar os efeitos e impactos da recriacao das Superintendencias de Desenvolvimento do Nordeste (Sudene) e da Amazonia (Sudam), sob o Programa de Aceleracao do Crescimento, no desenvolvimento socioeconomico dos municipios atendidos. Para tanto, utilizaram-se modelos de Dados em Painel Dinamico e de Diferencas em Diferencas, com informacoes dos municipios brasileiros, de 2005 a 2014. O indicador de desenvolvimento socioeconomico empregado foi o Indice Firjan de Desenvolvimento Municipal, tanto sob a perspectiva geral quanto sob suas dimensoes (educacao, saude e emprego/renda). De forma geral, os resultados apontaram que as Superintendencias impactaram positivamente os desenvolvimentos geral e da educacao. Para a saude, observaram-se impactos e efeitos positivos. Porem, embora as regioes beneficiadas sejam as mais necessitadas de politicas de desenvolvimento regional no Brasil, a reestruturacao das superintendencias, com os projetos e objetivos propostos, nao foi capaz de cumpri-los integralmente, pois nao foram identificados impactos positivos para emprego e renda., A Superintendencia de Desenvolvimento do Nordeste (Sudene) e a Superintendencia de Desenvolvimento da Amazonia (Sudam) foram criadas em 1959 e 1966, respectivamente, para promover o desenvolvimento industrial do Norte e [...]

En 1969 Borges publica un libro de poesía, Elogio de la sombra, al mismo tiempo que reedita su primer libro con algunas modificaciones sustanciales, tratándose también de un libro de [...]

The existing hypotheses about the relationship between political competition and particularistic spending predict opposite consequences. One view suggests that political competition--divided government--constrains the executive and reduces particularism; the opposite perspective predicts greater particularism as a result of side payments in exchange for legislative support. Both hypotheses rest on the assumption, which is not always true, that partisan veto players are present in the legislature. This article argues that this assumption is crucial for both hypotheses and shows that where this condition is not met the predictions do not hold. The article explores the effects of government with and without a majority on particularistic spending where legislatures are institutionally weak. To do so, it analyzes spending on local public goods by subnational governments in Mexico and Argentina and shows that government without a majority does not lead to any of the results anticipated by existing models. Las hipotesis sobre la relacion entre competencia politica y gasto particularista predicen consecuencias opuestas. Una sugiere que la competencia politica--el gobierno sin mayoria--constrine al ejecutivo y reduce el particularismo, la perspectiva opuesta predice un mayor particularismo como resultado del intercambio de apoyo legislativo por beneficios. Ambas descansan sobre un supuesto que no siempre se cumple: la presencia de actores con poder de veto en el congreso. Este articulo argumenta que este supuesto es crucial para ambas hipotesis y muestra que alli donde aquel no se cumple estas ultimas no se sostienen. Explora los efectos del gobierno con y sin mayoria en contextos de debilidad institucional del congreso a traves de un analisis del gasto en bienes publicos locales de los gobiernos subnacionales en Mexico y Argentina y muestra que el gobierno sin mayoria no conduce a ninguno de los resultados anticipados por los modelos existentes., Las hipotesis sobre la relacion entre competencia politica y politicas publicas predicen consecuencias opuestas. La perspectiva mas extendida en los estudios sobre politica latinoamericana sugiere que la competencia politica--entendida como [...]

The migration-development relationship is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon. However, the debate has been dominated by the views of receiving countries and international organizations. Migration takes on different meanings and political significance from the perspectives of migrant-sending or migrant-receiving countries. In the first case, migration is considered an opportunity to enhance processes of economic and social development. For destination countries, however, the immigration issue focuses on analysis of the social, economic, and political problems of mass immigration, especially given the high proportion of undocumented migrants. In this article I provide analytical and empirical information that helps us to visualize various aspects of the migration-development relationship that remain invisible in this debate. To do this, I focus on the analysis of Latin American immigration to the United States in recent decades. Specifically, I present statistical data around three aspects that seem particularly relevant: the structural causes of international migration, the contributions of Latin American immigrants to the economy and demography of the United States, and the costs and impacts of migration on source countries in Latin America. Aunque suele plantearse que la relacion migracion-desarrollo es un fenomeno complejo y multifacetico, al final de cuentas el debate ha estado hegemonizado por la vision que los paises receptores y organismos internacionales tienen de ella. Segun esta perspectiva, la migracion adquiere un sentido y significado politico diferente segun se trate de los paises emisores o receptores de migrantes. En el primer caso, la migracion es vista como una oportunidad para potenciar sus procesos de desarrollo economico y social. En el caso de los paises de destino, en cambio, se habla mas bien de una cuestion migratoria, enfocandose el analisis en los problemas sociales, economicos o politicos que plantea la inmigracion masiva, maxime cuando se considera la alta proporcion de migrantes indocumentados. En este contexto, nos interesa aportar elementos analiticos e informacion empirica que contribuyan a visibilizar diversos aspectos de la relacion migracion-desarrollo que han sido invisibilizados en este debate. Para ello, nos centraremos en el analisis de la inmigracion latinoamericana a los Estados Unidos en las ultimas decadas. En concreto, presentamos datos estadisticos en torno a tres aspectos que nos parecen de particular relevancia. Por un lado, en cuanto a las causas y factores desencadenantes de la migracion internacional; por otro lado, en relacion a las contribuciones de la inmigracion latinoamericana a la economia y demografia de los Estados Unidos; y finalmente, sobre los costos e impactos de la emigracion en los paises de origen en America Latina., La migracion internacional constituye uno de los temas prioritarios en la agenda politica y social contemporanea. Desde diversas trincheras politicas e ideologicas se escuchan discursos y propuestas de diverso indole: [...]

Si uno esta en contra de una convencion la unica manera de atacarla es creando otra convencion. J. L. Borges a Rita Guibert ?Que rol jugo el Congreso por la [...]

En dos de los cuadernos de trabajo de Jose Donoso contenidos en el archivo de la Universidad de Iowa se encuentra un conjunto de anotaciones autografas en las que se [...]