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This paper analyses the efforts of Salazar regime to "monopolize the legitimate means of people movement" (TORPEY, 2005) by showing that, during the Portuguese New State, the emigration control reached an apex on two circumstances in which the authorities had prohibited the boarding of some migrants who were ready to legally leave the country. The desperate letters written by some Portuguese families, who were forbidden to emigrate to São Paulo´s farms in 1938, and by those subjects prohibited to leave Portugal due to the 1947´s law demonstrate the materiality of boards made of decrees and ministerial dispatches signed by an authoritarian government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper intends to briefly provide a historical panorama of the public policies that shaped housing in Portugal and Brazil. In a sequential approach, it elaborates on the initial enterprises and actions towards housing issues, going through periods of dictatorship and re-democratization, until reaching current times of intensive financing in Portugal and the shift of housing policies in fostering the economy of Brazil. Subsequently, some general analyses and comparisons of these routes are introduced, dealing with the social impact of the considered policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout human history we have witnessed migratory movements motivated by climatic, war, political, religious, and economic issues, among others. This is, in fact, a theme that marks the news today in different parts of the globe, from the Mediterranean to the US/Mexico border, from South Africa to Australia. In an attempt to look historically at the phenomenon of migrations, HISTÓRIA - REVISTA DA FLUP has launched a call for papers, with particular interest in the connection between migrations and culture. This introductory text presents the three texts published in the present issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, memory eruption movements have gained strength because, in addition to a documental and historical function, such records become educational, social, and political instruments of resistance. This article has as its object of analysis the testimonies of workers who were victims of the Brazilian and Portuguese authoritarian regimes, two dictatorships that emerged and developed in different political contexts, but that can give rise to possible approximations between the discourses and narratives of those who lived them. The interviews were carried out by scientific research on the memory of workers' resistance to authoritarian regimes, which is part of the project Direitos Humanos: dos fundamentos teóricos às tendências contemporâneas no nível local (cidades). In addition, were also consulted documental archives of the Centro de Documentação 25 de Abril (CD25A), Museu do Aljube - Resistência e Liberdade and Confederação Geral dos Trabalhadores Portugueses - Intersindical Nacional (CGTP-IN), in Portugal, and Associação de Anistiados e Anistiandos do ABC (AMA-A ABC), in Brazil. The discourses produced by these narratives articulate statements that show that victims attribute different meanings to what they suffered; however, political violence, on the other hand, calls into question meanings already established in these people's imaginations. Finally, this paper also reveals pedagogical places of memory related to workers' resistance to authoritarian regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychopharmacology is an important scientific field for psychologists' practice. Over the last years, in several countries, there has been given an increasing importance to psychopharmacological training for psychologists. The aim of this paper was to perform a study recurring to an exhaustive analysis of the curricula of all Portuguese Higher Education institutions that teach Bachelor's and Master's Degrees in psychology to verify which of them offer curricular units on psychopharmacology. For that purpose, data from Direção Geral do Ensino Superior (DGES) site and webpages from higher education institutions were collected during the month of July, 2021. The results indicate that training in psychopharmacology does exist, however, it is scarce. Within the 97 Bachelor and Master Degree courses in psychology analyzed, only 11 curricular units about psychopharmacology were identified. From those, three are taught at the same institution. Overall, these data suggest that the training in psychopharmacology given to psychology students is residual. At the end of the article, we discuss implications of these results for psychologists' training and potential consequences for the professional practice of Portuguese psychologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a health emergency situation, the degree of public compliance with orders from health authorities and governments can significantly affect the course of the pandemic. Based on the assumption that (non-)compliance with the authorities' recommendations is directly linked to trust in the sources of information, in this article, we discuss the concrete case of the Portuguese government communication during the beginning of the second wave of the disease. In the context of an international investigation of the European Public Relations Education and Research Association Com-Covid network, an online survey was applied to 460 Portuguese citizens between October 7 and November 11, 2020. For this paper, we analyzed a section of the survey with questions regarding the sources of information that inspire greater confidence among the Portuguese population and their opinion on the management of government communication. The surveys were coded and entered in the SPSS statistical software. The study concluded a positive perception of government communication among respondents but that the Portuguese consider healthcare personnel to be more reliable sources of information than the media or government authorities. Regarding the gender issue, it was concluded that women trust the government more and have a better opinion about the authorities' communication. Regarding age, it was found that young people are the ones who trust more the authorities and the media, while at the same time being the most critical of the government's performance in managing the crisis. In general, respondents showed little confidence in digital social networks and digital influencers as a source of information about covid-19, and the higher the academic degree, the lesser confidence respondents have in influencers and digital social networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The covid-19 pandemic, declared by the World Health Organisation on 11 March 2020, had an immediate impact on the daily life of globalised societies. In the west, the virus has defied democracy and individual freedoms while demonstrating the centrality of the State and Comunicação e Sociedade, vol. 40, 2021, pp. 33-52 https://doi.org/10.17231/comsoc.40(2021).3436 governments in managing the crisis. Communication strategies of governments and health authorities and their ability to influence mainstream media agendas were paramount in the deployment of public health restrictions and guidelines. This paper reflects on the communication strategies used by the Portuguese government during the covid-19 crisis and on their impacts on television coverage. This study was based on an empirical analysis of the first 3 months of the pandemic in Portugal by using a quantitative and qualitative assessment of news content and pre-determined systematised univocal categories. We start by presenting the global and national political, social and communicational frameworks in 2020, followed by a summary of trends and communication strategies of national and international organisations. The results are presented, discussed and interpreted from the point of view of the media coverage and communication strategies used by political and health authorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resarch on the return of recent Portuguese emigrants is scarce. In this paper, we present a study on return intentions based on a sample of 1,100 high-skilled Portuguese emigrant residents abroad, who answered an online survey carried out in 2017. The study presents contexts, protagonists, and the historical moment in which the intentions are revealed and the returns may occur. The analysis is centered on the return intentions according to age, residence country, period of immigration in the reception country, and other factors that, both in Portugal and in the destination country, contribute to explain the intentions of return by respondents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper started off with the challenge of revisiting an article authored by Virgínia Ferreira in the book Portugal: um retrato singular [Portugal: a singular portrait] (Santos, 1993). In the original paper, statistical data of the mid-1980s showed that Portugal presented some differences in the patterns of participation of women in employment both in relation to the more developed countries of the European Economic Community and the other Southern European countries. Portugal was shown as not pursuing the tendency identified in the literature of an increased rigidity in the sexual division of labor resulting from the increased participation of women in the economic activity. Although the phenomenon of sexual segregation of employment was evident, it was weaker than in other countries. The authors now review the data and arguments then undertaken, and update them. The effects of the steep growth of employment in the care economy and in ICT activities are given special attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The territory is formed by a set of elements, initiatives and relations that mark the relation society and nature. In this sense, there are several territories, among them the wine-growing territories, whose vineyard and wine are the central points of the territorial articulation. In the territory of Douro Wine, Douro Demarcated Region, northern Portugal, winemaking is part of history, landscape, culture and economy. However, in order to maintain the local development of this territory, collective actions are carried out, focusing on local valorization, strengthening tourism, especially wine, wine innovation and creating new commercial opportunities for local products. Thus, this paper discusses the territory and rural development, specifically addressing the role of associations working in the Douro Territory in search of local development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the processes developed in Brazil and Portugal intended to integrate the Primary Health Care and the Specialized Health Care. Primary Health Care conceived of as the first step for accessing to the health system stands out among the most usual initiatives and thus the family doctors are attributed a prevailing role. It is also emphasized the territorialization of the health services based on the geographic location, the referral to specialized doctors and the implementation of clinic protocols agreed between the parties. The main results indicate that in Brazil they implemented decentralized regulatory systems, and, in Portugal they created local health units (structures owned by the health ministry that integrate primary health care and specialized health care provided by the same management team). In conclusion, this work underlines the need to develop a true investment policy intended to strengthen the response capacity in the specialized health care and to add more value to the work performed by the primary care professionals. This way, they will strengthen the collaborative culture that will translate into successful integration processes with results such as good health and user's satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of this paper is to analyze the efficiency of beef cattle in Portugal, in the Alentejo and Beira Interior and identify their relationship with the characteristics of the farm and its management practices in order to improve their efficiency. The methodology is based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in order to determine the technical efficiency of farms and logarithmic multiple regression to analyze the determinants of efficiency. The results show that beef cattle farms can increase their efficiency if they adopt better management practices, namely, to reduce hiring and unskilled labor, and invest in new investments adjusted to the activity. Strengthening measures of the national and Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is suggested to promote the qualification of human resources and their management skills and invest in education in the sector with adequate academic degrees on agricultural economics. The conclusions also suggest the reinforcement of public policies in order to increase the innovation at the sector and to promote this beef production systems environmental sustainable in Portugal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article propose to articulate the global movement of the colonization in the 18th century to the local development of the Santa Catarina island. Starting from an general picture, based in a consolidate historiography about Portuguese America, arriving in the specific, where cartographic documents and official correspondences has been incorporated to the specialized bibliography about the region. Nevertheless, this paper shows how the fortifications in the island and the Azorean immigration are spatialisations from the conflicts and broader processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to examine the role of internal audit department (AI) in public Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). The methodology used to develop this study was an online survey of the Portuguese public HEIs. As a result, a response rate of 43% was obtained. This study concludes that most HEIs do not have an internal audit department although their usefulness is recognised. In fact, this study found that there is a long way to go for HEIs and their management bodies to introduce and apply effective internal audit practices. Although it has some limitations, with this paper we hope to contribute to enrich the knowledge and the scant academic literature in this field, by emphasising the usefulness of AIs, particularly in the HEI context, and by alerting policy makers and public managers to the role of AI in the increasing the levels of transparency, efficiency, effectiveness and quality of service delivered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since 2008/2009, Brazil has been the foreign country with the highest number of students enrolled in Portuguese higher education. Currently, they represent 32% of the total number of international students. In this paper, we will discuss the causes of this phenomenon, taking into account the combined effects of the governmental policies and internationalization strategies of higher education institutions (HEI), as well as the students' motivations. The study is based on information available on secondary sources, on the results of an online survey, as well as interviews conducted with Brazilian students, currently or previously residing in Portugal. The conclusions of the study indicate that the increase of Brazilian students enrolled in Portuguese higher education institutions, results from the combined effects of three fundamental factors: Brazilian policies to promote international student mobility, promotion of attraction strategies for foreign students, developed by Portuguese HEI, and above all, the sharing of Portuguese language between the two countries. It was also possible to conclude that the retention capacity of these students in Portugal, after completing their studies, is very small, and most of them return to Brazil or re-emigrate to another country. This can be explained by the lack of opportunities to develop a professional career compatible with their qualifications in Portugal, but also for personal and family reasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic inequalities are a central phenomenon of contemporary societies. Its relevance emerge both at the global and national level. This paper will promote a comprehensive analysis of the magnitude of global and within country economic inequality. At this level, this paper will analyze income inequality and concentration in eu-27 countries and shed light on top wages in Portugal. Complementarily, two important issues will be discussed: the causes of economic inequalities and its impacts to collective live. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contemporary mobility is dominated by the car. As an auto-reproductive system, automobility has been reinforced in the last decades, contributing to a set of major social, cultural and spatial changes. In this context, motorways reveal the relationship between territories and automobile. This paper examines the case of the two Portuguese metropolitan areas (Lisbon and Oporto), where motorway networks have grown significantly in the last three decades. Based on a literature review and on some numbers produced during an ongoing research, some ideas are explored on the Portuguese case. It is shown both metropolitan areas hold an outstanding position in the European context, with a motorway density above 140km per 1,000km², equivalent to a possible oversizing in 35-42% comparing to other European cities. The recent expansion (2000-2016) of the motorway network suggests that this situation is not only the result of the necessary modernisation policies, nor an automatic outcome of economic growth. It is mainly due to the inefficient regulation of urban expansion and to the total acceptation, until very recently, of automobile as a response to mobility needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bárbara Virgínia was a forerunner film director in Portugal and the Festival de Cannes. Starting artistically as a diseuse and actress, she directed a feature film and a documentary in her youth, in 1946. Bárbara emigrated to Brazil in 1952 to work on radio and television, the country where she settled, formed a family, eventually abandoning the stages, and died in 2015. For this socio-biography, we collected and analysed public and private memory documents, a research interview and conversations with her family. To construct our analysis and strengthen a feminist perspective, we used Portuguese cinema’s History and memoirs. We both avoided mythologising and aimed at unveiling the patriarchal gaze which shapes some literature about Bárbara Virgínia. We built our questioning and analysis from Linda Alcoff’s and Teresa de Lauretis’s gender studies, from the sociology of culture by Pierre Bourdieu who Bev Skeggs borrowed for her intersection of class, gender and coloniality, alongside historical and social research about both countrie's context. The paper focuses on the artistic and familiar roles played by the filmmaker, and proposes an interpretation aimed to contribute to a fine knowledge about gender and class barriers to cultural and professional practices at that time, while it also discusses the erasure of memory about Barbara Virginia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the profusion of WebTVs, in Brazil and in Portugal, in this study we documented WebTV' history, identifying trends and providing the context of the research on this subject nowadays. In the past 10 years, who were the scholars who have studied the subject? Which topics were discussed? Are there similarities between these countries? How have these countries approached this subject? Thus, this study is a reflection on the webTVs and how this has been used in the field of journalism. Besides mapping the field of WebTVs, in the two countries mentioned before, this study suggests new lines of research and draws attention to new trends, such as the ubiquity of video, live streaming and vlogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper has asmain objective the increaseof knowledge about the evolution in the management ofPortuguese publichuman resourcesafter the fallof "Estado Novo"(1974)to the present, especiallyregarding to the influencethatthe paradigms ofNew PublicManagementandGovernancehave had in the changesinthis field overthe past decades, in addition toidentifyingthe latestausterity measures adoptedin the political plan, reflecting the strong economic and financial crisiswhich currentlyplaguingPortugal, withdirect repercussionson thePortuguesecivil serviceand its administration. For a better concretization of these objectives, we willperform this analysisusingthreeperfectlywell-markedperiods: 1974 to1985;1985 to2008; andfrom 2008 to thepresent. That saidthis paper will be based oninterpretativetheoretical assumptions, adopting as methodology a qualitative approach and as research method the bibliographic one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to examine an unpublished Portuguese manuscript of the eighteenth century, with cooking recipes and other ones about hygiene and beauty and also remedies used at the time, a common mixture in this type of documents, in which intertwine stays and ruptures. In the preparations in order to obtain health and beauty this is a very traditional recipe that intersects superstition, magic and medicine. In the other hand, is a very creative cookbook, with several novelties, particularly with regard to the use of new products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose or this paper is to present the novelty and importance of the work of Jacques Le Goff for the historiography of the present time, as well as to inquire about its specific relevance in Portugal. The article points out, on the other hand, certain traits of the man with the characteristics that made him an unforgettable and striking figure among his contemporaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

REGIONAL INNOVATION PROPENSITY IN PORTUGAL: AN ANALYSIS BASED ON PATENT DATA. This paper analyses the regional distribution of patents in Portugal in the period 1980-2008 using information that was recently made available. Lisbon leads the national ranking by far. However, towards the end of the period under analysis, a few regions around Oporto have increased their share in the total number of patents. This has taken place alongside an increase in the total number of patent applications from 2000 onwards, after two decades in which that number remained basically stagnant in Portugal. The main protagonists of this recent increase have been universities and other academic institutions. The paper concludes by stressing that the lack of growth in patent applications by the business sector is a cause for concern, given the gap that still separates Portugal from the countries that top the international patent rankings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the innovative way in which labour was regulated in Portuguese law in the second half of the 19th century in the context of the European labour movement and colonial agriculture. It focuses on the replacement of slavery by forced labour in Portugal and the overseas territories, and the steps that were taken towards a conception of free labour, outside purely civilist schemas, and the preparations for the construction of a new branch, Labour law. The historical understanding of these phenomena raises some pertinent questions, which can help clarify certain legal concepts such as 'legal subordination', 'obedience', 'management power' and 'disciplinary power'. The new law that was emerging invoked 'new' principles and concepts that require critical reflection, given their contractual configuration and proximity to forms of subjection from the previous law. However, the new regulation, which included and legitimized this subordination, also aimed to limit it and ensure the freedom of those that were contracted to obey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses aspects of the complex relationship between the Jesuits, the Inquisition Court and the New Christians. The collaboration of Jesuits with the Holy Office institutions did not prevent that within the Society of Jesus there were strong critical and discordant voices being raised against this Court's practices, which were observed with caution by the first Jesuit leaders. For their part, the New Christians enjoyed a great reception within the Order of St. Ignatius from the beginning, with some Jewish descendants standing out in high positions in the Society of Jesus, such as the second Superior General. Throughout the difficult history of intolerance and inquisitorial persecution against the New Christians, the Jesuits were prominent advocates of their cause. These problematic relationships make this triangular relationship an essential historiographical subject in order to understand the plots and dramas of the Old Regime society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Scale of Antisocial and Criminal Conducts has been used in several countries as a behavioral measure, showing very consistent results. This paper presents and discusses the analysis of the empirical validity of the factorial structure of its Portuguese version. The sample was comprised of 443 students, 305 female and 138 male, aged between 15 and 23 years (M = 14.8; SD = 1.90; Mo = 20), mostly Portuguese (92%), and 60.6% were college students. Results suggest the psychometric adequacy of instrument, confirming the bi-factorial structure proposed in previous studies. Advantages of its use with the Portuguese population are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on motherhood during adolescence has been showing the negative effects that it causes in the adolescent mother's sexuality and in the various levels of her developmental trajectory, particularly in the educational, socio-economic, occupational, social and psychological fields. Therefore, this research aims to characterize the effects of an educational project aimed at developing the ability of adolescent mothers, institutionalized in a Support Centre for Life in Portugal, to promote their sexual health. Five teenage mothers were involved in the project and, in this paper the cases of three of these mothers will be presented. Data collected through anonymous individual interviews at the beginning and end of the project, participant observation and the analysis of documents produced by adolescents during the educational project were triangulated. Throughout the project it was found that these teenage mothers improved their knowledge about the avoidance of recurrence of pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases and, shown some evidences that they increased their self-esteem and assertiveness in relation to their sexual partner. These results show that educational action-oriented projects on sexuality health promotion in institutionalized adolescent mothers can be an asset to promote their sexual health and achieve gender equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a sector strongly dependent on information as is the case of tourism, the timely knowledge of consumer behaviour enables making well-considered decisions and less uncertainty. Nowadays, the act of searching on the Internet about a particular subject before decision-making is part of the individuals' daily lives. The Google Trends tool provides real time aggregated data on the online individuals' interest based on the carried out search queries on Google. The objective of this paper is to show that Google Trends can provide comparative information about the individuals' interest in relation to Portugal tourism regional areas and in particular, on the tourist destination "Algarve", and also between its competing tourist destinations. The results show that the tool can contribute to the knowledge of the individuals' interests in relation to regional tourist destinations, information considered of great interest for Destination Management Organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the reconstitution of the social professions' itinerary in Portugal during the i and ii Republic, during the period that unfolds between its foundation (1910), the constitution of Estado Novo (1933-1945) and the succession of Salazar (1968), exploring, in particular, the visitadoras (visitors) as one of the central and paradigmatic characters of the constitution of social professions. The paper carries out an historiographical reconstitution based on secondary sources, exploring, especially, the influential figures and movements in the establishment of these emerging professions, the dynamics of rupture and continuity between its pivotal periods, international influences, as well as its gender dimension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Matrimonial politics was one of the most frequently used means to establish alliances and guarantee international visibility throughout the early-modern period. This paper focuses on this subject and on the ability of a family group headed by Queen Maria Francisca of Savoy (1646-1683) to make its interests converge with the aims of the royal court of Lisbon, namely through an alliance between Portugal and Savoy. The fact that this project ended up failing explains the little attention paid by historians to this event. This article seeks to demonstrate that this case raises important questions about the role played by Portugal in 17th century international politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The parliament and the government may pass many environmental laws, but if those laws are not effectively implemented by Public Administration, they will not bring about the desired changes, i. e. there is an implementation gap. This paper presents a case study on the implementation of the statute that regulates water quality for human consumption in Portugal. We find that when the implementation is successful, the main factors are the clarity and visibility of the procedures used vis-à-vis those affected, and when it fails, the main obstacle is the insufficient connection between the regulation of water quality for human consumption and the environmental protection of the water source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The establishment and activities developed by the Social Hygiene Dispensary in Viana do Castelo, a village in northern Portugal, between 1934 and the 1960s are analyzed. Dispensaries had an essentially prophylatic function to hinder the dissemination of illnesses that would easily become epidemics. The dispensary of Viana do Castelo combated venereal diseases, especially syphilis, and rabies. Current paper details these two fields of intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the social and political changes that took place in Portugal, from April 25, 1974, specifically provided since the democratic system was implemented, became effective an understanding that advocates universal citizenship for all Portuguese. However, not all citizens are in equal circumstances on full access to the rights of citizenship. The objective of this paper is to reflect and discuss some of the impacts of measures and social policies on Gypsies people and families, as well as the (in)visible changes, although the underlying behind the plural processes of social and identity reconfiguration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the origin, building up and evolution of museum networks in Portugal from 1974 to 2014. The historical approach was systematized in five steps: first proposals (1976-79); giving up of the network paradigm in the 1980s; institutionalization of Museology in the 1990s; the current period (2012-14). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I will present a draft of the labour relations in 1900 Portugal, discussing primarily the available sources and giving a main frame of the country situation and secondly presenting a detailed proposal about the labour relations in this period, using the sources discussed and the terminology of the project "Global Collaboratory on the History of Labour Relations 1500- 2000" and "Labour Relations in Portugal and the Lusophone World 1800-2000: continuity and change". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years some discussions have emerged around the changes in the epistemological, ethical, and social issues involving science today. Particularly influential in these changes were the “knowledge society" and managerialism/New Public Management (npm) narratives. The notions of “post-academic science", “Mode 2 of knowledge production", and the acronym place have been used to characterize changes in science. This paper asks if the way research is presented in the Portuguese public universities website expresses the influence of these new notions of science. It reveals that there is a certain ambiguity in the discourses, which configures the phenomenon of hybridity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims firstly to examine the innovation within the cluster of a traditional European wine region (Region of the Douro -- Portugal), characterized by the so-called model of terroir in wine, an economic structure supported by a large number of growers, small and medium-sized wineries and high regulation throughout the productive chain, which clearly emerges the question of tradition versus innovation. This research used grounded theory method and the results show that traditional companies remain in a region whose legislation hinders the radical innovations, but at the same time, ensures quality values. There is a transfer of traditional values of a specific product, the port wine, for new products recently launched in the market, and simultaneously a transfer of value-added of the port wine to the value of family ties with the production process and with the land of the Douro Region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Changes and identities represent one of the thematic axes of the work of Lídia Jorge - a key figure in contemporary Portuguese literature. Be it at a regional level - the Algarve - be it at a national level, the 10 novels published by Jorge from 1980 to 2010 consider the crossroads faced by Portugal, its urban areas and its rural communities, as a major issue. In doing so, the novelist provides an in-depth assessment of structural transformations and challenges the Portuguese have to deal with. Such an interpretation cannot be ignored by sociologists. The paper presents an attempt to consider Jorge's elaboration from a sociological point a view. This means an attempt to foster a dialogue between the two kinds of portraits - the one drawn by literary creativity and the one drawn by sociological analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the individual and family trajectories of Mozambicans who have attended universities in Portugal. It seeks to understand the factors that have influenced their educational background and the impact that higher education in Portugal has had in terms of their identity formation. The paper also analyzes issues related to the cooperative social networks influencing their decision to pursue higher education in Portugal, their integration into Portuguese society, and their subsequent reintegration and professional careers in Mozambique. Finally, the article addresses the impact that higher education of Mozambicans in Portugal has had on the national development of Mozambique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The financing of Iberian Crowns by Catholic priests received the designation of Patronage (in spanish Patronage or Patronasgo). The patronage was, throughout the expansion process Iberian achievements inherent in an institution of Portugal and Spain. It was part of the duties of the Catholic King to ensure the presence and permanence of priests in the territories of its domain in order to ensure the new evangelization of the subjects and the process of expansion of Christianity. The funding of religious missions entailed, however, that the priests became subjects of the Portuguese king, in addition to belonging to any religious society. The aim of this paper therefore is to analyze the presence of priests' and religious brothers among the processes of Portuguese expansion in the period comprised between the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Through the reading of a set of documents, especially letters, and its comparison with historiographical texts about the period we intend to demonstrate how the actions of these priests, in addition to evangelization and catechesis, contributed to the civilization of the new subjects and their consequent payment the Empire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Portugal faced a decade of feeble economic growth after joining the European Economic and Monetary Union. Systematic research of the specific effects of this regime change on growth is still lacking. The counterfactual analysis that we undertake in this paper seeks to fill such a gap. Our findings suggest that the adoption of the Euro did have adverse effects on Portuguese economy. To the contrary, in 2009, the Euro seems to have sheltered the Portuguese economy from the worse effects of the international financial crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we are going to deal with charters of forgiveness of King John II's chancery concerning sex crimes such as concubinage, panderism, incest, witchcraft, ruffianism, bigamy and adultery. These relationships are prone to be punished by royal legislation. The charters of forgiveness are part of the royal centralization process and of the acting of power throughout the ability of acting upon, governing and transforming a specific geographical area. It's possible to infer that the chancery serves the power considering that writing is an essential element to prove and verify rights, properties, privileges and a great deal of juridical acts, such as the charters of forgiveness in which it is determined that only the king himself is able to grant benefits and forgiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I analyze the broadcasting of Portuguese motion pictures on Portuguese public television from the beginning of regular broadcasting in 1957 to the Revolution of 1974. If, as I believe, television was gradually taking the place of cinema in the regime's strategy of ideological propaganda, it would be interesting to determine which movies were broadcast by the Portuguese public television during that period and what the reasons were for their selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work/paper is to compare the ideology of the most important republican leaders of Spain and Portugal, between the portuguese "Geraçao doutrinal" and the spanish "republicanos históricos", in order to find common characteristics and differences between them and, therefore, between the Portuguese republicanism and the Spanish one. This way, we will pay attention on the ideological principles of each of the main leaders about different matters like: their philosofical principles, the organization of the State, the iberism, the religious problem or the social question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The degree in History exists in Portuguese Universities since 1957, after separation from Phisosophy. It was then established curricular structures of 5 years. The subsequent reform (1968) continued this long, but distinguished the baccalaureate (3 years) and undergraduate (5 years+ thesis). This paper mqkes a brief tour through the structures provided in this two curricular reforms and the role played by theoretical and methodological disciplines. It also tries the possible glimpse by the teaching of these subjects at the Universities of Coimbra, Lisbon and Porto. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to redeem the work of José Júlio Gonçalves, one of the pioneers of the sociological study of information and communication in Portugal. The research is based in literature review. We concluded that the author tried to made a diagnosis of the state of journalism in the Portuguese world, including the African and Asian colonies, retrieving facts hided by history, like the Portuguese intervention in the expansion of the press and printing in the world. He also made a diagnosis of the legal and sociological situation of journalism in Portuguese explaining that censorship was a propaganda tool of the government, which, like all governments, watched over their interests through the adopted information policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper intends to present a colourful image of continental Portugal, based on 62 inhabited place names found on the Portuguese territory in which exists a reference to any colour. The studied toponymes, collected in their majority from indexes of two cartographic sources, are analysed from eti-mological-semantic and formal point of view (corresponding, respectively, to division according to colour and classification in three groups: simple colour names, derivatives from colour names and composed names). The final considerations contain conclusions resulting from the analysis, accompanied by a provisory map illustrating some of indicated phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current young Portuguese democracy has had a troubled life on the media. All this period, from April 1974 until now, has been marked by a strong tension between the media system and political system. It seems that the latter has gained some ascendancy over the fi rst, which is nevertheless worrying. This paper is more about explaining the facts, events and contexts of this tense relationship, looking for to reverse this disturbing trend and, consequently, to a religitimized media system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTER-REGIONAL RELATIONS IN PORTUGAL AND THE INFLUENCE OF THE LISBON METROPOLITAN REGION. In this paper, we address the issue of territorial interdependencies in the case of Portugal. Given the lack of previous scientific work on inter-regional exchanges, the topic is approached from a broad perspective, by referring to the development synergies that can be found between the various regions. In particular, we discuss the specific relations that arise both from proximity and from regional similarities. Using data at the NUTS III level, we argue that, beyond the consolidation of a specific mode of development in the Lisbon metropolitan region, a sustainable articulation between demography and economy can hardly be found anywhere in the country. We conclude that the complex nature of inter-regional relations in Portugal calls for further methodological work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]