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This paper aimed to identify which are the new urban mobility services, arising from technological evolution, and how these are influencing the daily lives of consumers. It was also sought to know how the use of new urban mobility services can influence the purchase of private vehicles, since such a means of transport causes damage to the environment and causes problems during the daily journeys of citizens, such as traffic and stress. . Methodologically, it was an exploratory and descriptive research, with a quantitative approach, with application of a questionnaire, through virtual social networks, answered by 201 people from 35 cities in the state of São Paulo. The collected data were treated using descriptive statistics. The main results show that the private vehicle is the means of locomotion that receives the greatest demand from the researched population, with public/collective transport as its biggest competitor, even though it lacks infrastructure, and that the new mobility services are not yet widely used, although cities have infrastructure to support them, not being restricted to large cities. It is concluded that the new urban mobility services have the potential to become the main means of locomotion for people, by overcoming the obstacles of the lack of exploration of the subject and the desire for their own car, so such a change must occur in the long term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Considering the importance of the Brazilian journal Interface among the Collective Health journals and as a space of production of knowledge and practices in the area in Latin America, this work aimed at mapping the scientific production related to communication in its various dimensions throughout the magazine's 20 years of existence (1997 to 2017). Methodology: This is a descriptive study of the quantitative and qualitative aspects of production on communication through content analysis. Results: During this period, the journal published 1,343 manuscripts among which 154 were related to communication, representing 11.47% of all papers. Empirical studies were predominant (52.6%), followed by theoretical studies (25.97%). The identified thematic fields were: Media (26.62%); Collective Health (26.62%); Professional education (16.88%); Professional relationship, patient/family/service (14.29%); Information and Communication Technologies (9.09%); and Communication and society (1.3%). Conclusion: This thematic diversity demonstrates the Communication and Health field's wealth and heterogeneity of topics. However, the low number of publications related to communication highlights the lack of scientific production on this matter in Collective Health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores specific features in the IHR Court that demonstrate international judicialization of domestic politics. Through qualitative research design, combined with descriptive statistics, we mapped no repetition measures in the Court's rulings against South American States, evaluated the difficulties to comply with these measures, and presented the possible impacts regarding States policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper had the general objective of exposing and analyzing the context of the general averages of the National High School Examination (ENEM) by area of knowledge, through data collected from the website of the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research Anísio Teixeira (INEP), over 10 years (2009-2018). It presents a brief analysis of the trajectory of secondary education in Brazil, as well as the idealization, implementation and reformulation of ENEM and the way in which the evaluation of this exam occurs. We started from the quantitative approach using descriptive statistics as a method of analysis of the collected data and carried out an exploratory research about the survey of the following areas of knowledge, namely: Languages and Codes and their Technologies, Mathematics and their Technologies, Human Sciences and their Technologies and Natural Sciences and its Technologies. For the collection, we performed a critical analysis of the data, using the technological tool Microsoft Excel 2013, employing some descriptive measures through the arithmetic mean, variance and standard deviation. The data reveal a discreet movement in relation to the average grades in all areas of knowledge, with a noticeable gap in the four areas of knowledge between the minimum, average and maximum grades, which allows us to conclude that there is a data alignment, ie, little progress in education in quantitative terms during such period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effects of an educational self-care program of spine in the control of pain and disability in actives older adults with chronic non-specific low back pain (LBP). They were divided in an experimental group (EG n = 17) and a control group (CG n = 13). The intervention consisted of delivering an educational booklet and also attending a workshop. Dependent variables were: 1. pain intensity (EVN), 2. functional capacity related to LBP (RMQ), 3. amount of pain points, 4. medication for LBP, 5. frequency of medication for LBP. There was evaluation pre and after 1 month of the first evaluation. The intragroup evaluation was observed in EG significant reduction of all parameters (all p < 0.05) was not observed in CG. Regarding the analysis between groups showed significant improvement with moderate to large effect sizes in EG to EVN (p=0.003, TE=0.53), RMQ (p=0.037, TE=0.38) and pain points (p=0.006, TE=0.49). The results highlight the booklet as a useful tool, capable of generating independence in the self-care for active older adults with chronic LBP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective was to carry out a systematic review of randomized trials on the magnitude of post exercise hypotension (PEH) in adults. 1336 studies were retrieved from PubMed, Scielo and Lilacs, after searching "exercise" and "hypotension". 1268 papers were excluded by titles, 37 by abstracts, 10 were nonrandomized, 1 by repeating data, leaving 20. These studies were evaluated according to the randomization, blinding, allocation concealment, analysis by intention to treat and quantitatively by the Jadad Scale. The average reductions in systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) of the normotensive were lower than hypertensive (−9±3 vs. −11±6 mmHg and −12±2 vs. −8±6 mmHg, respectively) in both groups, active individuals had greater PEH than sedentary individuals (normotensive SBP −10±4 vs. −8±1 mmHg, PAD −5±1 vs. −4±1; hypertensive SBP −16±4 vs −9±2 mmHg; PAD −7±4 vs. −5±3 mmHg, respectively). In randomized studies the magnitude of PEH ranged from −4 to −19 mmHg for SBP and −2 to −9 mm Hg for DBP values according to the sample characteristics (blood pressure early stages, gender and level of physical activity) and the exercise protocols selected (i.e., there is no consensus on the influence of duration and intensity). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports the procedures to design a physical education teachers' professional identity scale and its psychometric features. After reflecting on the construct and its operationalisation, we analyzed the procedures required for its design and validity of the construct (factorial analysis) and analyzed the internal consistency by calculating the Cronbach alpha coefficient. After carrying out a pre-test and then administering a scale to a sample of 206 physical education teachers, we concluded that the instrument has satisfactory psychometric qualities. The analysis of the internal consistency of the two factors identified showed that the instrument is reliable. Thus, because these factors are internally consistent and well defined by the items, we concluded that the scale has psychometric qualities that support its use as a reliable research instrument. Further to providing good validity indicators, the measures applied are characterized by being reliable or adequately reliable and having interpretable factorial structures, suggesting that they consistently assess the variables they intend to measure, thus being an appropriate instrument to assess the professional identity of physical education teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Childhood unintentional injuries have been considered as a study area which needs to be further developed, as it is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and, even when nonfatal, may have countless consequences for the children, their families and the community. This paper aims to identify the factors which influence the risk of unintentional injury in children up to four years living in a domestic/family environment. To this end, the Delphi technique was used to gather a panel of 15 to 23 multidisciplinary experts, and consensus was achieved after three rounds. Based on literature review and on the use of the abovementioned methodology, we concluded that injuries are multifactorial and that these factors are interactive and can be organized in four dimensions: child, primary caregiver/family, risk behaviours, and environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the potential effect of multiple item scales' number of points on the descriptive results and psychometric characteristics. A literature review was carried, followed by a field survey. The data were collected by means of 3 structured questionnaires to measure management student's perception of profession reputation and personal identification. The metrics were adapted for scales of 5 (1 to 5), 7 (1 to 7) e 11 (0 to 10) points. The total sample had 285 respondents, and the procedures of analysis involved descriptive statistics and reliability analysis. The results indicated significant differences, although small ones, in the descriptive measures, on the other hand, the psychometric analyses had no variation related to the number of scale points. The main conclusion is that the use of scale with the 3 number of points can generate good results for researches; thus, the researcher may decide which scale use, considering the study's needs and the sample characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper was to: (i) describe the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games swimmer's ages and; (ii) compare ages according to swimmer's gender. It was analyzed 1101 inscriptions (588 men and 513 women) for all swimming events held at the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games: 50 meters freestyle (L50), 100 meters freestyle (L100), 200 meters freestyle (L200), 400 meters freestyle (L400), 800 meters freestyle (L800, only women) 1500 meters freestyle (L1500, only men), 100 meters backstroke (C100), 200 meters backstroke (C200), 100 meters breaststroke (B100), 200 meters breaststroke (B200), 100 meters butterfly (M100), 200 meters butterfly (M200). The final result lists was consulted at the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games official internet site, collecting the swimmer's name and chronological age for each event. Afterwards, chronological age was converted into decimal age at the day of the event heats. From the quartile analysis became clear that there was a tendency for the age median and variance to decrease from the shorter to the longest events for both genders. There were significant variations in the age, according to gender at the L400 ( p = .01), L1500/L800 ( p = .02), C100 ( p < .01), C200 ( p < .01), B100 ( p = .02), B200 ( p = .04), M100 ( p = .05) and M200 ( p < .01). For all these events, decimal age was higher for men than for women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]