Search

The paper deals with the morpho-syntactic variation of subjunctive II in Bavarian dialect regions of (former) Austria and focuses on language dynamics. The broad empirical basis comes from two different corpora: The first corpus consists of data from the "Dictionary of Bavarian dialects in Austria" (WBÖ), reflecting the base dialects of the first half of the 20th century. These data are supplemented by recent oral data that were elicited in project part 03 "Speech repertoires and varietal spectra" of the Special Research Programme "German in Austria. Variation -- Contact -- Perception" (DiÖ). Combining WBÖ and DiÖ, PP03 data, a real time comparison is carried out. For additional apparent time evidence, the internal variation within the two datasets is taken into account: While in the WBÖ data different registers are compared, variation in the DiÖ, PP03 data is analyzed with respect to different registers and different speaker groups (old vs. young). The WBÖ and the DiÖ, PP03 data provide empirical evidence that the -ad-marker that was initially restricted to weak verbs has exceeded its domain and is universally compatible with all verb classes. In connection with this, there is a decrease of strong synthetic subjunctive II forms. The real time as well as the apparent time findings indicate an increase of analytic subjunctive II constructions at the cost of synthetic forms. Furthermore, we find an expansion of the werdenperiphrasis, while the number of tun-subjunctives declines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eugenics aimed at a rationalisation of sexuality and reproduction in order to prevent the birth of children with 'hereditary diseases' or 'genetic defects'. Therefore in a project of scientifical 'social engineering' ideas of health, well-beeing, quality of life and fitness were combined with sentences concerning social recognition and respect. In this paper I will analyse which conceptions of childhood were produced by the eugenic discours in the medical establishment during the first three decades of the 20th century. Which ideals of childhood were beeing quicked by the eugenic project of 'quality instead of quantity' and which consequences followed from this for those children, who were and are not in accordance with this ideals? The data for the analysis are drawn from an examination of articles published in the Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, the leading medical journal in Austria between 1900 and 1938. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jazz has been an integral part of the Austrian music scene since the postwar era and has found wide acceptance in the Austrian cultural landscape over time. This paper presents an overview of the most important developments and personalities in Austrian jazz history. The sources for this information include musicological texts on jazz in Austria as well as interviews with observers and active members of the jazz scene; online research is also of particular relevance, especially concerning more recent history. The first section, »From the beginnings to the end of World War II«, deals mainly with the early development of jazz until the Nazi era. The second, »Postwar and the 1960s« traces the beginnings of an independent scene and important Austrian expatriate musicians as well as discussing Graz as a stimulating force and academic institutionalization. The section »The late 1960s to the generational change of the late 1970s« deals with the Vienna scene as well as the influence of the »Vienna Art Orchestra« and its leading soloists from that period. The final section, »Stylistic pluralism - the 1980s to the present« examines various trends and musicians from the 1980s and 1990s as well as introducing the first generation of the new millennium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based upon a reading of Arnold Schoenberg's theoretical writings on the ›musical idea‹ and its presentation, this paper discusses the possibility of a posthermeneutical perspective on the phenomenon of sound in the Second Viennese School. On the one hand, Schoenberg's skeptical considerations towards the relevance of sound are contrasted with descriptions of personal experience of musical presence in letters of Schoenberg and Weber. On the other hand, Schoenberg's reflections on instrumentation are confronted with the existence of various arrangements, transcriptions and instrumentations of works by Weber, Schoenberg and Berg. It can be seen that sound has to be thought neither solely as a moment of constituting formal structure, meaning and sense, nor as the constitutive other of meaning. Thus, sound should be understood as a phenomenon oscillating between sense and sensuality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first part of this paper contains some biographical details on Werner Stark's emigration and on some stations in his academic career. The following part summarizes the main principles of Stark's sociology of knowledge: a) a social a priori (in analogy to Kant) as a mechanism of selecting perception on the way to the production of knowledge; b) a holistic interaction functionalism in opposition to idealistic and materialistic doctrines for describing the relation between infrastructure and superstructure; c) social consciousness or ideology; his conception of sociology of knowledge as a way to truth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents case studies of the historical and economic development of four family farms in Lower Austria, Austria, primarily in the second half of the 20th century, based on rural sociology research and qualitative oral history interviews conducted in the winter of 2010-2011. Topics discussed include agricultural innovations in dairy, cattle, and grain farming, changes in family relationships, and rural social and economic change.

The article discusses Austrian foreign policy toward the United States during the government of Austrian chancellor Alfons Gorbach, focusing on Gorbach's state visit to the United States in May 1962. The author traces preparations for the visit, which began in late 1961, the visit itself, which took place from May 2-5, 1962, and the domestic political context of the visit in Austria, particularly with regard to conflicts among the parties participating in Gorbach's coalition government, the Österreichische Volkspartei (Austrian People's Party, ÖVP) and the Sozialistische Partei Österreichs, SPÖ), about Austrian neutrality and Austrian relations to the European Economic Community (EEC/EWG).

The article traces the political and social implications of laws outlawing National Socialism in Austria implemented after 1945. The author outlines the drafting, passage, and purported purpose of these laws, which were introduced at the behest of the Allied occupying authorities in the context of their efforts at the denazification of Austrian politics and society. She then details opposition to their provisions in the context of neofascist activism in Austria, assesses whether they contradict constitutionally guaranteed freedom of speech, and compares the Austrian laws to similar ones in other European countries.