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The article highlights the discussion regarding the influx of refugees from Hungary, measures to maintain neutrality, coordination with international organizations, and potential appeals to other countries for assistance. It mentions rumors of Austria's involvement in violating neutrality by supporting the Hungarian uprising through the smuggling of military personnel and volunteers.

The article surveys the history of the practice to collect and preserve private archives and personal papers of military officers and civilians involved in military policy and military affairs in the Kriegsarchiv (War Archives) in Vienna, Austria. The author focuses primarily on the period after the Second World War. Topics addressed include the relevance of personal papers to historiographical research on Austrian military history, the collection development philosophy of the Kriegsarchiv, and access control and user services of the archives.

The article surveys personal and family archives, particularly of the Austrian nobility, held at the Allgemeines Verwaltungsarchiv (General Administration Archives) of Austria in Vienna, Austria. The author explains the rationale behind collecting such archival materials in archives documenting government administrative activities, namely to supplement government records accidentally destroyed over the centuries. Collections mentioned include the archives of the Harrach family, of the Trautmannsdorff family, and the personal papers of former Austrian minister of justice Alexander Freiherr von Bach.

From "Education Instead of Punishment" to the "Hardening of Personality": Psychotechnics and Hereditary Biology in the Austrian "Federal Institutions for Juveniles in need of Education", 1929-1945. This paper provides a historical analysis of the development of "psychotechnics", a branch of early applied psychology, in the context of the Austrian reformatories in Kaiserebersdorf and Hirtenberg from 1929 to 1945. These institutions were founded in 1929 after a juvenile criminal law reform in Austria that aimed to offer education and vocational training to juvenile delinquents. Methods of psychotechnic aptitude testing were implemented to help adolescents find a job that matched their abilities and interests. After the "annexation" of Austria in 1938, the reformatories repeatedly faced the threat of being shut down, but staff members managed to keep them running by adapting their educational, psychological and medical practices to the racial ideology and war politics of National Socialism. This article argues that applied psychology, despite its initial implementation as a tool to help young delinquents, effectively became an instrument for racial and political suppression as well as the war industry from 1938 to 1945. After the collapse of the Nazi regime, Kaiserebersdorf never saw a return of the progressive welfare ideals that stood behind its creation in the first place. Until its closure in 1974, it remained one of the most feared educational institutions in Austria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the patronage of the sciences by Vienna's liberal bourgeoisie in the days of the late Habsburg monarchy, a period of public and private advancements in all sciences. It specifically focuses on the establishment of scientifically highly successful prizes and institutions within the Vienna Academy of the Sciences. Regarding the research of radioactivity in particular, patronage by founding a new research institution (Institut fur Radiumforschung at the Academy) triggered and incited internationally competitive research. All this came to an end in 1938. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eugenics aimed at a rationalisation of sexuality and reproduction in order to prevent the birth of children with 'hereditary diseases' or 'genetic defects'. Therefore in a project of scientifical 'social engineering' ideas of health, well-beeing, quality of life and fitness were combined with sentences concerning social recognition and respect. In this paper I will analyse which conceptions of childhood were produced by the eugenic discours in the medical establishment during the first three decades of the 20th century. Which ideals of childhood were beeing quicked by the eugenic project of 'quality instead of quantity' and which consequences followed from this for those children, who were and are not in accordance with this ideals? The data for the analysis are drawn from an examination of articles published in the Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, the leading medical journal in Austria between 1900 and 1938. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides an overview of personal and family archives available in Vorarlberg, Austria, in particular those of the Barons of Sternbach, the erstwhile rulers of the Bludenz, Austria, district, and of the counts of Hohenems and Waldburg-Zeil. In addition, the author discusses acquisitions such as the archives of the Berlinger family, which document both the business activities of the family and the history of Egg, Austria. A list of personal and family archives held at the Vorarlberger Landesarchiv (State Archives of Vorarlberg), which include the papers of teacher Franz Bachmann, politician and Catholic priest Barnabas Fink, and architect Johann Anton Tscharner.

The article discusses the history of the private archives of primarily noble families in Austria since the thirteenth century. The author focuses on efforts by the Austrian state to protect, preserve, and manage these archives since the 19th century. Aspects considered in detail include the establishment of the Archivrat, an official advisory council of archivists and other professionals, the importance of a law concerning the protection of cultural heritage passed in 1923, and archival administration in Austrian government archives under the directorship of archivist Ludwig Bittner.

The article discusses Austrian foreign policy toward the United States during the government of Austrian chancellor Alfons Gorbach, focusing on Gorbach's state visit to the United States in May 1962. The author traces preparations for the visit, which began in late 1961, the visit itself, which took place from May 2-5, 1962, and the domestic political context of the visit in Austria, particularly with regard to conflicts among the parties participating in Gorbach's coalition government, the Österreichische Volkspartei (Austrian People's Party, ÖVP) and the Sozialistische Partei Österreichs, SPÖ), about Austrian neutrality and Austrian relations to the European Economic Community (EEC/EWG).

The article traces the political and social implications of laws outlawing National Socialism in Austria implemented after 1945. The author outlines the drafting, passage, and purported purpose of these laws, which were introduced at the behest of the Allied occupying authorities in the context of their efforts at the denazification of Austrian politics and society. She then details opposition to their provisions in the context of neofascist activism in Austria, assesses whether they contradict constitutionally guaranteed freedom of speech, and compares the Austrian laws to similar ones in other European countries.

A reprint of the article "Wechselseitigkeit, Solidarität, Föderalismus als Gestaltungsprinzip bei den Slaven" by Horst Haselsteiner, first published in the book "The Prague Slav Congress 1848: Slavic Identities," is presented. The author discusses the relationship between the capital of the Austrian Empire, Vienna, Austria, and the capital of the formerly independent Kingdom of Bohemia, Prague, Czech Republic, in the 1840s. He focuses on revolutionary activities of Slavs among the population in both cities as well as the military responses by the German-speaking authorities.