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This paper presents a research on the capacity of planning to integrate new forms of mobily and innovation in transportation modes. From the examples of carpolling, carsharing (car clubs), bike-sharing and demand responsive systems, this paper tempt to understand how theses innovated transportation modes are considered in french public policy and especially in urban planning documents. The final aim is to improve the planning inscription of these news transportation modes in order to respond to spatial and environmental challenges and contribute to rethinking the planning.

Public policies have known a new managerial approach growth promoted by the cognitive and practice framework of New Public Management. This development has empowered the institutionalization of efficiency and effectiveness indicators in public sector’s practices. In fact, it seems that ecosystem services and payments for environmental services register in this new philosophy. Drawing on this, this paper proposes to consider the production’s conditions of tools and monetary evaluation procedures in environmental policies. Finally, the article argues that this procedures contains and disseminate a reduction point of view about the biodiversity value.

This paper studies the processes involved in the mutual definition of devices that objectify and govern water scarcity in the Adour-Garonne district. It first discusses the manner the problem of water scarcity has been historically and socially shaped. It analyses the mechanisms that have legitimized and institutionalized a specific socio-technical infrastructure that reduces water to its flow. It then explores how such socio-technical infrastructure frames the negotiations concerning water at a local scale. It shows how hydrologic, hydraulic and agricultural knowledge are actively involved in naturalizing water uses; while it also produces new problems which regulation involves renewing the control and consistency of different spatialities and temporalities.

Groundwater has become indispensable for agriculture in semi-arid countries and water resources are intensively exploited. Invisible for a long time, the increased physical, social, economic, territorial, and institutional visibility of groundwater is the result of a historical construction which we examine in this paper. In the case of Morocco, its visibility is linked to the strong irrigation development, fostered by the State. In connection with this, a problem of overexploitation of groundwater is now defined and put forward by the State. Despite discourses promoting the preservation of these resources, the adopted solutions reflect the historical objectives of hydraulic and agricultural policies. The current situation of groundwater overexploitation is currently redefined as a problem of a lack of water resources, justifying the implementation of new infrastructure aimed at increasing the global supply of water resources.