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This paper concerns different practice analysis designs proposed in teacher education, based on common principles : work with students on professional situations, mobilize academic tools or knowledge and encourage reflective enquiry. Various pedagogical variables and training designs support these principles, but all aim to trigger a movement of decontextualization and recontextuali%ation of professional activity. Some of the designs give an important place to writing and the recall ofprofessional experiences, while others are based on the analysis of filmed professional activities. Our contribution is based on the work carried out on these designs by members of the AFORDENS and TALES research groups and aims at detecting how they accompany these movements and to identify their main pedagogical features. Thus, three pedagogical approaches - reflective writing, reflective analysis of practices and analysis of activity by video training - are characterised here according to the nature of the traces they use, the forms of verbalization they elicit and the ways in which they lead the trainees to decontextualize and recontextualise their activity. Our reflection considers the possible variables that can come into play when supporting professional development and identifies the strengths of the different pedagogical approaches in work-linked training [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the outbreak of the Hirak in 2016, land issues have emerged as a new framework for social mobilization, and this goes far beyond the city of Al Hoceima, the starting point of the Hirak. The land issue, in connection with the territory, is posed with acuteness in the territories of cannabis production, whether in Tlata de Ketama or in the commune of Raya Suahal. Thus, activists blocked the departure of a military helicopter in 2017 as a sign of protest against the annexation of agricultural lands used by cultivators of cannabis. With the legalization of cannabis, the land issue arises as a condition for legal production of therapeutic and industrial cannabis. This paper seeks to explore the triangular relationship between cannabis, territory and land in the central Rif: it analyzes the aspects of this triangulation which engage the success of the legalization of cannabis for both therapeutic and industrial purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on the ethnographic observation of three singular spaces in northern Morocco – a morgue, a “forest” and a presbytery – the paper explores the interconnections between migration experience and border violence from the perspective of migrants themselves. It demonstrates that migrants face at least three forms of border violence, emerging all at once from state control, networks of irregular migration, and humanitarianism. However, rather than being articulated in a cumulative relationship, these different forms of violence converge and reinforce each other within a continuum which permeates the migration trajectory. Migrants, for their part, are not mere objects of this continuum. Not only do they define practices to counter its effects – even if it means generating violence against their peers – but they also reinterpret the experience of violence in moral narratives that value risks in migration, while not naturalizing their exposure to death at the border. Migrants are thus actors in their own right of the “manufacture” of both the border and its composing violence, whether they oppose, or appropriate its effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The French linguistic factor exerted pressure in the different stages of the evolution of the Romanian language, enriching and dynamizing it, accelerating its evolution. But the imitative excess leads to a reaction of rejection. The myth is denounced, the model of the perfect language is subjected to criticism. The interaction between the two languages gives rise, over time, to a different imaginary. It reflects the subjective and self-reflexive perspective of the Romanian speaker. In our paper, we will analyze the relevance of the theory of the linguistic imaginary from this perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research described in this paper is to understand and analyse the timbre of sheng, through recordings made by sheng musician Li Li-Chin at Ircam on three different sheng models. The objective is to verify whether the behaviours observed during preliminary studies of sheng acoustics can be heard and found in the resulting sounds, and to find ways to explore and better understand the interaction between sheng musicians and their instruments. Sheng timbral properties were studied through the analysis of spectrograms obtained from recorded sound samples, and through the compilation of computational descriptors of timbre extracted from the sounds. Aspects such as peculiarities of the attack, sound quality through registers, and general spectral characteristics will be discussed, as well as the role played by the metallic extensions fixed on the bamboo pipes of some sheng models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conditional and the auxiliary devoir, in some of their uses, express inferential and reportive evidentiality. Several studies on evidentiality have investigated one or the other unit in one use or the other. This paper compares the conditional and devoir in their inferential and reportive uses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is traditionally considered that in French the use of interrogatives is made according to their sociolinguistic values. In this paper we discuss an alternative approach in terms of 'interactive potential', a concept defined as the capacity of grammatical structures to facilitate verbal exchanges between interactants. After the analysis of 1659 yes/no interrogative structures found in the Swiss SMS Corpus (Stark, Ueberwasser & Ruef 2009–2015), we argue that it is possible to distinguish two types of structures: (i) 'strong' variants with a 'high interactive potential': their use is better adapted to general needs of interactants in informal communication; (ii) 'weak' variants with a 'low' or 'moderate interactive potential': their use is restricted to specific types of discourse contexts and syntactic constructions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper deals with linguistic novelties in contemporary Polish. Indeed, every day communication brings out a large variety of new forms and formulæ. Nevertheless, rather than changes, they mostly remain innovations. Having considered, in the first part, main tendencies in contemporary Polish, the second part discusses findings of a compared analysis of 553 nominal phrases (NP) extracted from two sources: an online dictionary of urban slang (Miejski) and short humoristic stories published between 1935 et 1937. The results suggest similarities in speakers' attitudes, in particular as far as poliphonic phraseological creativity is concerned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper's purpose is to evaluate the degree of typological differentiation in the Romanian population using Kretschmer's classification of the three main psychosomatic types: leptosomic, pyknic and athletic. The selection formed by 5 samples from the main historical Romanian's provinces include 712 subjects from 18 to 60 years old (402 males, 312 females). The analysis of typological differentiation was only made from the somatic perspective, using stature and 15 constitutional indexes, which illustrate bodily development, trunk's shape, nutritional status, corpulence, adiposity, bodily robustness, etc. Average values, phenotipical frequencies and tests of significance were calculated. The typological analyses confirms a concordance between subject's bodily conformation and somatic description of the kretschmerian psychosomatic types. In our selection the pyknic type slightly prevails, followed by leptosomic and a lower percent of athletic types. Our study reopens the interest for the biotypological research of populations, important for the knowledge of human diversity, for clinical investigations, professional selection, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The poor quality diet, physical inactivity and overweight are frequently found in cancer patients. These aspects, induced by an inadequate lifestyle, are commonly present at the moment of cancer diagnosis. They could aggravate after the beginning of treatment, leading to a bad prognosis and the increase in mortality. After the diagnosis of breast cancer, some patients become motivated to change their lifestyle by losing weight, following a diet or practicing a physical activity. The paper is part of a biomedical anthropological research of a group of 172 females between 24 and 87 years old from urban and rural environment diagnosed with breast cancer. The women between 50 and 69 years old prevail. Changes in the frequency of sweets, meat and meat products, dairy products, vegetables and fruit consumption after receiving the oncological diagnosis are the mainly aspects taken into account. The women from the group have an average tall stature (163.5 cm) and a BMI which illustrates a weight excess leading to preobesity (26.27). They exceed significantly the country's average values for height and abdominal circumference, placing themselves in «> (M+DS)» interval. The differences of women's alimentary behavior after receiving the oncological diagnosis have been evaluated using inquires, phenotypical frequencies' calculus and the assessment of difference certainty by Chi squarred test (X²). After the diagnosis, the women of the group have significantly reduced the frequency of sweets and meat consumption and have instead started to consume daily more often dairy products, vegetables and fruits. The dietary changes are part of a larger picture of biological, psychological and social changes produced by the oncological diagnosis. The article is a contribution to the complex research on patients with breast cancer, a disease with growing incidence around the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Questions raised by inputs in their diverse forms have recently beneficiated from an interest by both general public and authorities. This societal demand is reflected in a substantial increase and diversification of alternative solutions to chemical inputs, whether with biocontrol products for plant protection, fertilization or biostimulation. Authorities now seek to set rules around the use of new inputs and are publishing new regulations. That is the reason why a special category of inputs called Préparations Naturelles Peu Préoccupantes (Low Concern Natural Products) was defined in 2006 in France. This category includes basic substances, but also natural substances for biostimulant use that have recently undergone a major change in their regulations, the consequences of which are analyzed here in terms of number of authorized substances. The most exhaustive list of authorized natural substances for biostimulant use is obtained from various official documents concerning plants considered as food for humans and animals. The considerable increase in the number of natural substances for biostimulant use is an opportunity for farmers and represents an unprecedented evolution in regulation, moving from a positive approach with explicitly allowed substances to a negative approach where some substances are banned and all others are allowed. This paper aims to clarify the situation by providing farmers with a database of usable plants without fear that the substance or plant could be considered as non-edible by authorities, and therefore subject to other constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a summary of the discussions held during the 2nd International Symposium on Work in Agriculture (March 29–April 1, 2021). The objective of the paper is to report on the themes and ideas exchanged, in a multidisciplinary framework, and to build a common vision of the future of agricultural work on a global scale. The dynamics of agricultural development, on the scale of continents, oppose northern and southern countries, raising different questions (for example agriculture without farmers in northern countries versus decent work for a large agricultural working population in southern countries). But some issues are cross-cutting: the agroecological transition, gender issues, the digital revolution, migration, are changing agricultural work in depth. We propose some perspectives for a research agenda to address the future of work in agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The notion of ecosystem services has become an essential part of institutional and academic discourses, despite controversies and criticisms. Initially promoted by biodiversity conservationists, it has been deployed in agriculture for several years. Although the idea that ecosystem functionalities are a determining factor in agricultural production is not new, this notion allows us to highlight the new challenges linked to climate change and growing food needs. Since these issues are particularly important in the context of the Global South, comprising most of the so-called low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), it is important to consider the relevance of this concept in terms of practices and policies. This article, which introduces the thematic issue of Cahiers Agricultures "Agriculture and ecosystem services in the Global South", traces the emergence of this notion and discusses its importance in the context of ecological intensification of agriculture before presenting the articles that make up this thematic issue. While adopting a critical stance towards the notion, particularly when it is backed by payment mechanisms, the paper insists on the need of co-constructing with farmers the frames of reference for action to adopt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the improvement in agricultural production, irrigated schemes generate significant social, economic and ecological risks that raise questions about their actual impacts on the social, economic, environmental and food vulnerability of beneficiary populations. The reflection on the construction of vulnerability mobilized in this paper seeks to analyze, from a socio-historical and economic perspective, how the processes, changes and disruptions in time and space can explain the mechanisms at the source of the current vulnerabilities of households settled around the irrigated system of the Guédé basin in Senegal. The results highlight a differential vulnerability of households to several stressors. This vulnerability is a function of the small amount of land cultivated and yields, high production costs or difficulties in accessing off-farm activities, but also of the period and location of settlement of households, which partially define their resource endowment, and thus their capacity to cope with changing conditions. To provide a multidisciplinary, systemic and nuanced reflection on the vulnerability of agricultural households in the Guédé irrigated system, it is important to understand the mechanisms that underlie the construction and evolution of vulnerability and to see how their dynamic interactions can reduce or reinforce existing vulnerabilities or create new vulnerabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Faced with the food challenge and climatic instabilities, agriculture in Benin must increase its economic, social and environmental performance. Due to its multiple assets, agroecology has interested the Beninese government for several years. Digital technology is often cited as a major lever for the agroecological transition, but digital innovations in agriculture in Benin are mostly unknown. By mobilizing and adapting the methodology of tracking on-farm innovations to reveal alternative cropping systems to the digital world, this paper uncovers digital innovations in the agricultural sector in Benin and questions their ability to contribute to the agro-ecological transition. Our work makes two main contributions: the first is methodological and shows that it is possible to adapt the tracking of on-farm innovations to the tracking of digital innovations. The second is descriptive and analytical. Starting from the definition of a reference situation, we have identified, described, analyzed and evaluated 21 digital solutions used in agriculture in Benin as well as the constraints faced by their holders. We grouped these solutions into two types: digital solutions for data collection and decision aid, and platforms for exchanging and sharing knowledge. The main innovations consist of a combination of information exchange solutions and the use of artificial intelligence engines. The main constraints identified are the lack of equipment, infrastructure and skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a continuation of the new series started in 2020 to publish the new or interesting lichenological discoveries made in Switzerland or in the Geneva canton. Aspicilia crespiana is new to the Alps and to Switzerland. Candelariella blastidiata, C. faginea and C. oleaginescens are new to Switzerland. New observations for Candelariella plumbea s.l. and C. viae-lacteae in Switzerland are given. A key in French and in English for the species of Candelaria and Candelariella occurring in Switzerland is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper questions the notion of 'local' as applied to food provisioning and its social, spatial and political dimensions. The aim is to understand how the different actors involved in local and 'localized' food circuits think, use and apply this notion. By following the diverse representations of locality – from the actors' discourses to urban planning texts – and the practices that implement them, the authors (an anthropologist, a geographer and an urban planner) examine the variability of this notion in order to analyze the way it is appropriated and reconfigured according to the arena in which it is mobilized. This text also aims to reflect on the limits and contributions of a multidisciplinary approach to these issues. The challenge is to show that the summing of these three approaches brings out new elements that do not emerge from each individual analysis. The notion of 'local' is part of an administrative, spatial and ideological reality that is being constantly recomposed according to political, social and economic processes. Questioning this notion by involving three dimensions and three disciplines, enables our reflection to avoid the impasses of scientific literature in which the meaning of what is local seems to be self-evident while remaining fixed in specific disciplinary frameworks, and to show its shifting nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the United States, bioethicist Arthur L. Caplan, along with three colleagues, stated in a paper published in the PennLive Patriot-News in May 2020 that anyone with COVID-19 who has not followed public health guidelines regarding mask use or social distancing, or who is responsible for a COVID-19 outbreak, should volunteer to be treated last. They do this based on the principle of the philosopher John Stuart Mill that the expression of freedom cannot cause harm to others. While one can understand the arguments raised by Caplan and his colleagues, this position cannot be applied in the Quebec context, for philosophical (ethical) and public health reasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we show that there are solutions of degree r of the equation of Pell–Abel on some real hyperelliptic curve of genus g if and only if r > g . This result, which is known to the experts, has consequences, which seem to be unknown to the experts. First, we deduce the existence of a primitive kdifferential on an hyperelliptic curve of genus g with a unique zero of order k(2g −2) for every (k, g ) 6= (2, 2). Moreover, we show that there exists a non Weierstrass point of order n modulo a Weierstrass point on a hyperelliptic curve of genus g if and only if n > 2g . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is a positional paper and an ontological contribution to the modelling of socio-ecosystems (SES). It is also an epistemic position that is anchored on the object-oriented approach. We thus propose a model of knowledge organisation that allows more complexity to be integrated into the multidisciplinary deconstruction and analysis of SES. This object-oriented ontological proposal is based on six concepts of high abstraction level allowing a transdisciplinary portability around the structures, functions, connections, phases, scales and adaptations of SES. After defining our position on object-oriented spatiotemporal modelling, we present the six concepts and explain the interest of a top level, object-oriented, ontology for SES to conclude on the perspectives of knowledge organisation that extends our proposal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through three examples coming from long-term studies of population dynamics in France, intra and inter-urban, this paper shows that the introduction of some "a-historical" ontologies was required to implement quantitative analyses of spatial evolutions. However, we demonstrate that these ontologies are far from being neutral, and that they do not dissolve the specificity of the sources we used, but on the contrary, they constitute situated knowledge. Beyond these criticisms, the authors tend to argue that the process of construction and dialogue established around ontology is very beneficial to research, that it is a foundation for an interdisciplinary, shared and sustainable Science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antifungal efficacy of three biopesticides namely Chirane, Lirane and Ocirane, formulated respectively from essentials oils of Cymbopogon schoenanthus, Lippia multifliora and Ocimum americanum, was tested on cowpea seedborne fungi. Blotting paper (ISTA, 1999) and Mathur and Kongsdal (2003) methods has been used respectively for seeds health analysis and effect of biopesticides on emergence of young plants and their development. Two doses of 5g/kg and 10g/kg were applied for each formulation, in the presence of a benchmark fungicide and an untreated control. Chirane reduced contamination by C. dematium and Fusarium spp. (25% and 4% respectively against 52 and 13% for the witnesses), Lirane led to a significant decrease in M. phaseolina infection (0% against 6%) and Ocirane, decreased contamination of Cladosporium sp., C. dematium, M. phaseolina and Fusarium spp. (7%, 29%, 0.5% and 1.5% respectively, against 57.5%, 40, 10 and 6.5% for the control). The antifungal effect of the biopesticides was lower than that of the benchmark fungicide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work of this paper is focused on the influence of rotational temperature on the emission spectra of the branches relatively to the head of band Q(0,0). After a description of the rotational states, we took into account the total angular momentum in the case where the electronic spin is neglected. We then determined the terms of energy and the wave number by defining the different levels of energy. We have also defined the selection rule for the different transitions by only taking into account the transitions which satisfy this rule and then three main branches are defined. Considering these strong branches, ten branches or wavenumbers have been defined. We have defined the distribution of line strengths or transition probability as a function of the rotational quantum number. Finally, we have determined the intensity of a rotational line based on the transitions between rotational levels belonging to two vibrational energy levels. The results show that the emission spectra is insensitive to rotational temperatures lower than 62.67 K for all the branches and to rotational temperatures higher than 850,000 K, 750,000 K, and 650,000 K respectively for the branches Q, P and R. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper compares a newspaper article written by Gabrielle Roy, «Pitié pour les institutrices!» (1942), and her book of short stories, Ces enfants de ma vie (Children of my Heart), published in 1977. The subject in both of these is the schoolteacher and Roy draws upon her own experience teaching in Manitoba schools. The status of women is also an important theme in both. As well, the portrait of Mlle Estelle in the newspaper article appears to be a pre-text for the story of Clair, «L’enfant de Noël», in Children of my Heart. Despite some differences, the continuity of Gabrielle Roy’s literary inspiration is obvious, as is the importance of her own life and work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through a reading based on both the psychoanalytical approach and feminist criticism, this article reinstates La montagne secrète (The Hidden Mountain) into the overall body of Gabrielle Roy’s work where, until now, it appeared as an anomaly. This is mainly due to the fact the novel’s hero is male but, more importantly, because of the virtually total absence of female characters and family units. By decoding the novelist’s specific symbolism, the hidden aspect of the surface plot is revealed, i.e. this is a family novel written from a woman’s perspective and it is closely linked to the writing that frames Roy’s autobiographical stories, and also to feminist works in the 1970’s, such as those of Jovette Marchessault, Madeleine Gagnon and Louky Bersianik. This paper first of all demonstrates that the figures of Nina and the mink allow Roy to expose the appropriation of women. It also shows that, behind the hero’s search for the Mountain, there is a hidden quest for the pre-Oedipal mother, of the mother unalienated by culture. By affirming that the mother-daughter relationship has simply been repressed, our analysis rehabilitates La montagne secrète in the eyes of feminist critics for whom the novel constituted a stumbling block to the argument that Roy wrote from a woman’s perspective, as evidenced by her vision of the inner feminine experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since it was first published, Alexandre Chenevert (The Cashier) has regularly been studied from the so-called “psychological” perspective while the hero’s bodily dimension, as revealed through the narrative, has long been ignored. But what literally and properly can be said about Alexandre’s body? The aim of our paper is to answer this question, at least in part. Through a semiotic reading of the body seen as a vector of communicative signs, for which we provide the methodological principles, we first of all define the protagonist’s behavioural attitude in relationship to other characters in the novel. Secondly, we isolate the conditions behind the existence of various behaviours. Finally, and concurrently, we establish the poetics of the non-verbal in Gabrielle Roy based on three extracts, i.e. chapters two, three and five of the first part of the novel. Our analysis leads us to conclude that labelling Alexandre as a “victim” is not always appropriate. Although the label appears to fit, Alexandre is confronted with people who are permeated with the language of propaganda, false advertising and information. This language abounds in the novel and the Montreal cashier tells himself he must constantly be on his guard against it. The character’s alienation is subjected to yet another trial but, for Alexandre, body language is a way to escape it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to establish the poetics of food in Gabrielle Roy’s Bonheur d’occasion (The Tin Flute). The author analyses the principal scenes where food has a semiotic function according to the following typology: (1) food sign; (2) place; (3) character; (4) communicative function. The culinary discourse generates social and mythical meanings which are governed by one principal structure, i.e. opposition. By establishing a series of contrasts and incompatibilities, this structure reveals the gaps and inequalities which underlie the economic and symbolic systems of the novel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the concept of an ecological transition is still being defined through an ambiguous process, it also becomes an increasingly urgent municipal governance issue. In places where this governance is multiscalar and the responsibilities are shared among a number of juris- dictions, the absence of a stable and operational definition of a transition adds to the chal- lenge of defining and implementing effective interventions. This paper presents the results of a partnership research with the borough of Rosemont--La Petite-Patrie, in Montreal, that aimed at tackling two questions : "what is an ecological transition at an infra municipal level ?" and "how can it be implemented ?" The analysis of our partner's documents and interven- tions led to the creation of two typologies. The first typology classifies the topics with the concept of ecological transition, while the second identifies the policy instruments used to act on these topics. The results led us to identify three challenges related to the inframuni- cipal governance of ecological transition : conciliating the living environment-focused approach of the borough and the principles of a just transition, finding new levers for shared responsibility issues, and applying incitative tools and planning regulations (discretionary and/or regulatory) more thoroughly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the influence that Husserl’s drive/instinct theory has on Merleau‑Ponty’s late philosophy. Husserl’s interest in the passive realm of life develops into a study of a more profound level which even precedes the emergence of subjectivity. We analyze how it leads Merleau‑Ponty, in his philos‑ ophy of flesh, to furnish an ontological explanation regarding the problem of the relationship with others. In this regard, we investigate firstly Husserl’s theory of originary affection and its limits, before scrutinizing the notion of empathy; thereby we show how Merleau‑Ponty develops the Husserlian inten‑ tional relation into a carnal relation based on the idea that others and I belong to the same world. This will reveal that the relationship with the others always lies in the most profound level of our experience, because we share the onto‑ logical affinity, namely, the flesh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, I consider the gesture confronted with its own impos‑ sibility, in situations that open the gesture to a dimension of transcendence. Focusing first on the event of beauty, as it is discussed by Jean‑Louis Chrétien, and on the encountering of the face, as it is considered by Emmanuel Lévinas, this paper envisions a “below” and a “beyond” of the gesture, in exceptional situations where the gesture is faced with an excess, acquiring a dimension of a theopathy. Subsequently, I emphasize that the transcendence that takes gesture beyond itself can inhabit and nourish the daily gestures, and this can be an occasion of pain and difficulties. In this perspective, Simone Weil shows how the repeated gestures of manual labour can become the mirror of supernatural beauty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the history of Catholics nuns before and after secularization. It mentions observation of the "silence" of women researchers who agree with multiple studies that have measured the impact gender of the COVID-19 pandemic in the research community. It also mentions editorial board of the journal "Études d'histoire" nun launched a call for papers on the theme of secularism in Quebec.

Maintenant is a French Canadian Catholic paper created by the Dominican Order and published from 1962 to 1975 in collaboration with laypeople. Its authors belong to the circle of Catholic intellectuals critical of the Church’s institutional presence in Quebec in the 1950s and 1960s. The present article seeks to present their analysis of Quebec’s religious decline and highlights how their theological ideas influence their stance in favour of the secularization of the province’s public institutions. Through this, it will become evident that secularization is Maintenant’s answer to the religious crisis of the 1960s and 1970s; its authors see it as the only way forward for Catholicism in the modern age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is interesting in the question of recognition in touch with the bonapartism which atrophies the required republican principles by encapsulating them into the insular idiosyncrasies some form of nomenklatura or establishment. So, the bonapartism upholds the denial of recognition and the culture of contempt in place of recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores mountain recreational spaces through the analytical lens of racialization and whiteness. It compares advertising images promoting white bodies in winter sports resorts between 2018 and 2020 and fictional images featuring non-white protagonists in the mountains. Mountain resorts' websites stage the whiteness of customers and Alpine territory, while relegating non-white populations to peripheral spaces, or even making them invisible. Besides, mainstream comedies featuring black and brown characters practicing mountain sports in the Alps reinforce the representations of the mountain as a 'white space'. The mountain is therefore a space of reaffirmation of whiteness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the beginning of modernity, humans have lost the ability to distinguish between inhabiting a place and invading (or exploiting) it. They think they can do anything, as the only beings with rights in the common house. In relation to his fellow humans, certainly, but without paying attention to others than humans, other than under their utilitarian aspect. With the help of the notion of cohabitation suggested by Baptiste Morizot, this paper tries to explain two fracture lines at the origin of this attitude: anthropocentrism, on the one hand, and the polarization between “nature” and the human being who believes himself to be outside of it (or separated), on the other. Thanks to the remedies suggested by ecopsychology, I then attempt to identify corrective measures to this handicap, and to explore how Christian anthropocentrism could be thought of in a less harmful way for the living, on a theoretical level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an analysis of the notion of commitment in Léonora Miano and Alain Mabanckou's novels. These two writers, through writing mechanisms and strategies, are constantly renewing the novel genre. Their aesthetic and rhetorical choices provide a new formulation of the writer's commitment and relationship to literature. Understanding their works thus amounts to distinguishing the different breaks and forms of distancing that they operate with the literary practice of previous generations. It is also to analyze how their fictions problematize and question contemporary social phenomena in a language and writing that are characterized by hybridity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the mid-2000s, urban development in the United Arab Emirates has been driven by the leitmotiv of economic diversification, aiming to prepare the post-oil era. This new orientation illustrates a change in rhetoric: while spectacular urban projects were once devised as agents and symbols of the country’s entrance into modernity, they are now advertised as instruments for “shaping the future”. This paper argues that this shift cannot be simply analyzed as a marketing strategy or an aspirational discourse. Rather, it signifies a singular turn within dominant regimes of historicity in the UAE, which has performative effects on the city itself and on its residents’ everyday lives. This paper thus explores how officially produced images of the city embody these visions of the future, and translate them into the materiality of the city; but also how they contrast with the lived temporalities of city-dwellers and the imaginaries they produce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The response-to-intervention approach was initially proposed to solve a problem associated with the identification of learning disabled children. Over time, it evolved into an approach intended to prevent learning disabilities and a multi-tiered system of support for learners. The goal of the present paper is to describe the main steps of this evolution and the main components of a multi-tiered system of support. We also relate this approach explicitly to the other papers in this special issue, namely the management of its implementation and the inclusion of mathematics as a teaching subject and behaviour regulation. Finally, we briefly discuss the contribution of the response-to-intervention framework to the field of education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the program Zenétudes: making a healthy transition to college (Marcotte, Viel, Paré et Lamarre, 2016), a depression and anxiety prevention program. The paper first presents the current state of mental health of post-secondary students and raises the relevance of implementing preventive interventions for this population. Next, the Zenétudes program, whose structure is multi-level, is described. The modules aim to meet the different needs of individuals related to anxiety and depressive symptoms and aim to facilitate their transition to post-secondary studies. The first part is a universal revention workshop which presents more general strategies which can benefit all individuals. This workshop also makes it possible to screen individuals at risk. The second part includes two workshops, one on anxiety and one on depression, which present more specific strategies on these two issues. Finally, the third module includes ten group meetings led by professionals and targets individuals with a sub-clinical level of symptoms. The article concludes by presenting the efficacy studies carried out on the implementation of the program to date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beyond imaginary, or clichés, beyond often rhetoric declarations without impact, the often enough dramatic actuality of oriental Christians makes it possible to come back to the position they have in French diplomacy. The paper aims at describing the history of French preoccupation for the Holy land’ Christians (currently Israel and the Palestinian territories) as well at listing the tools of French diplomacy, in Paris and on the spot, with a focus on the Latins (Catholics) and the united Christians, which embody the main clientele of this religious diplomacy. At the end of the paper it is contemplated to evaluate the success, or not, of this policy and its actuality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the introduction to this special issue of the Papers of the Bibliographical Society of Canada, Karol'Ann Boivin and Mylène Fréchette underscore the limited visibility of book supply chain intermediaries in the public sphere. As these intermediaries become more and more interesting to researchers, we must take their relative erasure from the public imagination into account. Who are these unsung heroes? What is the scope of their impact on the book as an object, and how do their actions fit in with those of other intermediaries within the book supply chain? These are the questions that guided this special issue, which focuses on the nature of collective action in the world of literature. In closing, they introduce the three articles featured in the special edition, penned by Mylène Fréchette herself, Philippe Rioux, and Maxime Bolduc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In his literary response to the articles recently featured in the special issue of the Papers of the Bibliographical Society of Canada, "OEuvrer ensemble. Les rouages collectifs dans la chaîne du livre,"? Nicholas Giguère addresses the myth of the lone genius bearing sole responsibility for the production of their literary works" a myth that has persisted but is now considered untenable among book historians. On the contrary, Giguère suggests that the "I"? always writes in collaboration with other literary agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food and nutrition are topics constantly covered, in various forms, in the media, both in fiction and non-fiction areas. New approaches and associations have recently emerged in the media coverage of this broad issue, with topics such as healthy eating, sustainable nutrition, various dietary trends, risks associated with nutrition or, general speaking, lifestyles, treatment and attitudes towards animals intended for consumption, environmental damage, etc. currently representing themes addressed in the media as frequently as recipes, dietary recommendations, plant cultivation and animal husbandry, as well as traditional dishes and culinary habits. This paper presents the results of a comparative study on the media coverage of nutrition in Romania and Germany. The research, based on a content analysis of online thematic press articles from the two countries, covers a period of three years (2014--2016). The main research objectives pursued in the study are identifying the most relevant aspects regarding both the content and the form of media coverage of the topic of nutrition, and making comparisons in these respects. The paper particularly discusses the similarities and differences between the two countries as regards the media construction of the issue of food as a general concern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with a series of writings on Plato and Platonism issued by Jan Patočka (1907--1977) in the immediate post-war period. In Eternity and Historicity (1947), he contrasts Platonism as metaphysics of being with Socratism as questioning the meaning of human existence, and criticizes modern forms of Platonism of ethical values interpreted as objectively valid norms. In lectures on Plato (1947--1948), he explains Plato's theory of Forms in terms of Husserl's theory of horizontal intentionality and Heidegger's theory of ontological difference. Similarly, in Negative Platonism (1952) he interprets Plato's theory of Forms in terms of a distinction he makes between between the eidetic contents (the intelligible Form) and the transcendental character (chōrismos) of the Platonic Idea. The latter is the necessary condition of the former but it does not constitute an intelligible object of its own. Patočka suggests retaining the Platonic notion of transcendence while dissociating it from the metaphysics of intelligible Forms. The paper puts these post-war writings on Plato and Platonism into the context of Patočka's search for his own position as a phenomenologist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Does dialect still have a future in Northern Catalonia? Before dealing with this matter and attempting to provide an answer to the question, this paper will first present a succinct outline of the history of Catalan in this area in Southern France which was separated from the rest of Catalonia in 1659. Secondly, from a synchronic and contemporary perspective, a brief analysis of the results of the most recent sociolinguistic surveys (2004 and 2015) will be offered. Thirdly, this paper will go on to look at recent sociolinguistic literature (1988-2018) to discover to what extent, if at all, and how the dialect is approached and also the nature of its relationship with the standard, which is primarily reified by linguistic normalisation policies. What emerges from the more recent publications is that the dialect seems to have been rehabilitated and is dealt with in relation to the standard – this would appear to be an excellent compromise between unity and the internal variety of Catalan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The idea of national unity, the historical persistence of the Romanian nation and its centuryold ideal affirmed their semantic and artistic potential in all Romanian literature. From the 16th century until the present moment the idea of national unity has become a fruitful literary motif, inspiring numerous pieces of artistic, epic and dramatic art. Romanian literature, as studied in its diachronic aspect, provides the reader with a large palette of themes and forms of nationalism, not infrequently abounding in pathos - clearly demonstrated, hidden, or veiled by means of lyrical and epic characters. This paper tries to analyze the representative hypostases of the confluence of art and history in order to demonstrate that quite a few Romanian writers, aware of their national and social duty, used to constantly highlight great national symbols. As far as the domain of art is concerned, possibilities of highlighting the semantic polyvalence of history are truly inexhaustible. Our study is most pertinent, since the possibilities of bringing out semantic polyvalence of history are inexhaustible in the field of Romanian art. The list of names and titles that bring out intellectual and affective aspects of the idea of national unity is a long one. In the present paper we have chosen only several of them, belonging to different periods of Romanian literature, with a view to demonstrating how a literature, aware of its national and social role, sanctifies history, transforms its myths into history and introduces symbols into contemporary art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the mediatized death of Jamel Dunn in Florida in 2017, this paper situates the event of death within familiar cycles of moral condemnation, on the left, and the context of recursive circuits of mediatized and racialized violence, on the right. As we watch ourselves watching the boys watching (and filming) his death, the paper hopes to complicate our understanding of digital hate speech, moral subjectivity, and culpability. Between the curse of death and its recursive afterlife, it advances a tentative claim about ethical complicity across our digital media ecologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Has global environmental change impacted on the urban way of life and on urban policy? Research shows that climate change has become a major urban political issue, but what can one say about biodiversity? This paper will, firstly, examine the urban assemblage perspective, which presents itself as a new approach to urban theory. This approach has been criticized, but its remains valid as a way of making sense of emerging urban practices. Among these practices are urban policy on climate change and biodiversity. Secondly, the paper examines action plans on biodiversity in six Canadian metropolises. The conclusion asks whether taking into account global environmental change in urban planning leads to a new reshaping of large urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reflection on professional practices by professionals themselves in collective discussions allows them to improve their understanding of work activities, and to develop reflexivity skills. In the educational field, one challenge is to offer new interpretive frameworks allowing professionals to perceive their activity in a new light and enhance reflection on practices in collective discussion. The goal of this paper is to present a new interpretive framework that can be used to study professional practices that take place through linguistic interactions. This framework includes models, theories, concepts and methodologies taken from language sciences and the psychology of communication. The issue in this paper is to study how this framework contributes to the process of training lawyers and notaries in civil and commercial mediation. The training system uses: (i) the role-play technique, (ii) the results of the analysis of verbal productions voiced during role-play (analysis based on the framework), (iii) a collective discussion consecutive to the role-play and (iv) a discussion in allo-confrontation, during which the results of the analysis are presented. From this study, we can see that the restitution of the results of the role play analysis based on the framework clarifies the communicational activity from viewpoints that are not immediately accessible to the trainees. It also makes it possible to revise dysfunctions/phenomena that have so far gone unnoticed. Above all, it provides conceptual tools for a reflexivity that might be useful in the optimization of professional practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a long time, Museums were considered as "old-fashioned institution" (Mairesse, 2004). Since the '80s, they became, especially international Museums, tools for territorial development. For social sciences, being interesting to Museums is related to Art History, Museology or Architecture, but the Guggenheim's implantation in Bilbao aroused fondness for geographers and urban planner. This paper aims that Louvre is now a system including Louvre-Lens and Louvre Abu Dhabi with new territorial and political stakes. The link between the French State and the Louvre always exists and is a part of Museum reorganization beyond its borders. From the Grand Louvre to a regional Louvre and a previously unseen Louvre at Abu Dhabi, its "universality" associated to its reputed identity go beyond its territorial and social borders. The argumentation based on the political history analyse and on interviews of former and actual President of the Louvre extracted from Europresse database and analysed with Iramuteq software. Interviews with stakeholders completed the understanding the link between the French State and the Louvre. We supposed those actions contribute to creating a "Louvre Territory", especially thanks to its reputation. This territory seems to serve the influence of the Louvre and attractivity of the new city of the Louvre. To conclude, this paper offers a critical point of view about this new way to create the territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]