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The current environmental, political, economic, and social context makes the management of energy resources, electricity in particular, a central issue. European energy policies require the deployment of smart grids to reduce energy consumption. From this strategy emerge smart-grid interfaces that allow households to consult their electricity consumption in near real-time. The underlying assumption is that information leads to action. However, this link is not automatic, and raises the question of the appropriation of these technologies. This paper proposes to study the process of appropriating smart-grid interfaces through the prism of the instrumental approach. A longitudinal study was conducted over 3 years (2016-2018) as part of the SOLENN experimental smart-grid, on a sample of 36 households. The aim was to answer the following questions: are smart-grid interfaces used? If so, how, for what purposes, and with what effect on electricity consumption? The results reveal the obstacles to appropriation, what encourages this process and how it has been achieved. The analysis also shows that, even if the use of interfaces leads to new knowledge, electricity consumption information alone is not sufficient to influence individual energy-saving behaviours. The findings suggest that we need a broader design of the technologies, and energy policies to a greater, for the instrumental genesis and the development of the individuals' power to act in the energy transition field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the economic efficiency of flood protection strategies to aid funding decisions of public bodies. The Brague river is a 68 km2 catchment located on the Mediterranean Sea shore in South East France. It experienced disastrous flash floods triggering costly damages and casualties in the communities of Biot and Antibes. Several possible flood protection strategies using conventional civil engineering measures or Nature-based solutions were tailored mixing engineering and participatory approaches. They were then assessed in terms of i) protection efficacy and avoided damage using numerical modelling, ii) environmental gains or alterations using an indicator on the morphological quality of the river, and iii) willingness-to-pay of the citizens for the various strategies, assessed both by top-down transfer methods, as well as by interviews of about 400 citizens. A dual cost-benefit analysis (CBA) was finally tailored to help the various decision makers involved in the management of the catchment in the context of the Gemapi law (management of aquatic environments and flood protection). A top-down CBA was performed to help national and regional stakeholders decide whether they would support the strategies. In the meantime, a bottom-up CBA was performed to capture the local perception of hazards, the social acceptability of various mitigation measures and to help the basin managers decide on the relevant strategy to be implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses, in these times of contestation of conventional agriculture and vertical planning, how a specific way of governing water scarcity for agricultural irrigation in the Marais poitevin area is structured. From the analysis of the elaboration of management schemes to the development of substitution reserves, the aim is to reveal the extent to which public action initiatives and the resulting developments oscillate between managing water scarcity by reducing its abstraction for irrigation, and maintaining an image of its seasonal abundance through the use of substitution reserves. The first part of this paper discusses how water management is ruled by the development of management schemes These schemes organise the management of water from the perspective of its summer scarcity based on two main measures: creation of substitution reserves to store the "abundant" winter water, reduction of the volumes that can be abstracted during the low-water period. Then, in a second step, based on two projects aimed at developing substitution reserves, the article analyses the trajectories of these two projects and their differentiating factors in terms of conflict, namely project governance, political context, timing and compensatory measures [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper approaches the teleological doctrine of sciences in Husserl's phenomenology. Divided into two main parts, the article initially deals with the double movement of sciences: the possibility of returning to a demonstrated knowledge and the growing advance, guided by the general teleological idea of "authentic science". In the second part, the paper approaches the evolution of the natural sciences through the elaboration and permanent confirmation of its hypotheses, in an infinite progress of achievements towards an "infinitely distant" pole. The paper also highlights the phenomenological meaning of this progress, as well as its propaedeutic implications in Husserl's phenomenology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Algeria is one of the important countries that has a race track in line with the trend of quality of life and sustainable development, through the enactment of many laws and legislation that direct the residential production process and the sustainability of the urban environment, and urge directing the production process towards quality after the long approach towards the quantitative path that had previously prevented access to it. This research paper intends to assess the quality of life, as well as its repercussions on the population, in the medium-sized city of Oum El-Bouaghi, an area fit for implementing national and urban policies. Here, housing is considered one of the most important elements of urban development, and the paper proposes various recommendations that would help achieve the continuity of life within residential neighbourhoods and improve the relationship of residents with said neighbourhoods, as well as the latter's sustainability, together with everything related to framing the field, where the results showed the presence of several urban problems in the constituent elements of the neighbourhoods and a lack of efficiency in the housing field. This has a negative impact on the quality of life and triggers a division in the reactions of the residential community within these neighbourhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drug-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) associated with tigecycline (TGC) is considered a rare complication (incidence between 1, and 1%). In this paper, we report five cases of AP occurring after the administration of TGC in septic patients hospitalized in intensive burn care in Tunisia over 9 years. The diagnosis of AP was based on clinical and/or biological signs. Among 303 cases treated with TGC, AP occurred with an incidence of 1.65%. The mean age was 28±6 years. Only one patient had a history of chronic alcoholism. The prescribed dose was 200 mg as a loading dose, followed by 100 mg twice a day. The time to onset of symptoms after initiation of TGC was 5.4 days [2-7]. PA was suspected due to abdominal pain associated with nausea and vomiting (n=2), occlusive syndrome (n=1) and fortuitously increased pancreatic enzymes in 2 patients under mechanical ventilation. The mean lipase level at diagnosis was 447 IU ± 135 IU (4.5 to 10 times the normal). All the aetiologies of AP were ruled out, including gallstones, hypercalcemia, hypertriglyceridemia, trauma and infections. The mean time to symptom resolution after stopping TGC was 4±2 days [5-7] and to the normalization of pancreatic enzymes it was 9 days [2-20 days]. In conclusion, clinical and biological monitoring was necessary in patients treated with TGC in order to avoid severe forms, especially in at-risk patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The year 2022 is marked by the arrival in France of an epidemic of mpox. This disease mainly affects men who have sex with men (MSM). This population has historically mobilized on issues of sexual health through the AIDS epidemic. This paper questions the mobilization of MSM facing mpox and the use of public health knowledge from the fight against HIV/AIDS. It seeks to question the ability to create a memory of the fight against epidemics in a community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the role of municipalities in the development and vitality of Francophone minority communities. The municipality can be of particular importance to Francophones in minority settings given the growing role of municipalities in cultural, recreational and socio-economic areas, as well as the fact that local government is the only level of government where Francophones outside Quebec may form the majority or represent a significant demographic weight. This paper reports on the main findings of a survey of municipalities across the country with a Francophone population of 6% or more or member of a Francophone or bilingual association. The results focus on practices, as well as some of the factors explaining them, around the themes of Francophone weight and power, language status, languages of communication, languages of service and Francophone spaces, and public recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the short poem De quattuor temporibus anni and the possible date of its composition. The quatrain, which was preserved in codex Phillippicus 1694 and in manuscript Reims, Bibliothèque Municipale 1275, appears within the critical apparatus to poem 864 of Riese’s edition of the Anthologia Latina and in Wernsdorf’s Poetae Latini minores. Almost nothing is known about this piece of work and the few scholars who have shown interest in proposing a date for it have been undecided between an earlier and a later production. Closer scrutiny of the evidence at our disposal, bringing together elements taken from the structure of the text itself, as well as from other Latin poems, allows us to draw clearer conclusions and identify a period between the end of the first century AD and the beginning of the fifth century AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the discreet presence of the topos of therapeutic laughter in the Essays even though Montaigne resorts to facetiousness as an anti-therapy and a striking and salutary philosophical exercise. Montaigne not only multiplies facetious outbursts against doctors and medicine (II, 37), he also insinuates a form of cynical self-medication and develops forms of joyful prophylaxis, replacing an illusory art of healing with a playful pedagogy of knowledge, teaching us how to live and die, which he implements in the therapeutic fiction of diversion (III, 4) and in the paradoxical praise of gravel (III, 13). Do these paradoxical therapeutic games not address an issue of philosophical purging of errors of judgment, and therefore reveal subversive implications, from cynical demystification to Epicurean pharmacopoeia? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to analyse the therapeutic effects of laughter, as they are developed in the representations of the street theatre troupe of the Girard brothers, better known as the Tabarin troupe, who had great success in Dauphine Square, near the Pont Neuf in Paris, at the beginning of the 17th century. The tabarinades, beyond their mercantile feature (their initial and main goal was to sell false remedies, the Girard brothers being thus charlatans), had also an important facetious feature, trying to heal the troubled soul of people living difficult times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper's goal is to examine the topos of curative laughter, by means of the digital humanities. Is this idea truly specific and recurrent throughout the early modern collections of merry tales? To determine if this is the case, we used a freeware corpus analysis toolkit to check on various peritexts, that head 89 jestbooks, 158 comic literary works, and 311 serious works, published in French between the end of the XVth century and 1699. We carried out a quantitative and qualitative study about the way the lexicon linked to health, cure and medicine is used in each corpus. We could thus highlight the specificity of collections gathering jests and merry tales. It does not lie only in the claim that relaxation is good for health (a claim they share with all comic works), but also and more precisely in the recurrent use of the word melancholy, for commercial purposes and legitimation of pleasure. Specific as well is the link between pseudo-medical considerations and other practical tips about the uses of a book designed for collective consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on a musical and choreographical analysis of the piece JARDIN DE SCULPTURES ÉPHÉMÈRES (2020) by Marie Chouinard, which was composed over a series of musical excerpts from composer Louis Dufort’s album, Into the Forest. After thoughts on the special circumstances during which the creation of JARDIN became a video streaming during the COVID-19 pandemic, an analysis of the work’s musical content is presented. The various elements of the choreography that define its structure are described through the succession of 84 ephemeral sculptures. First, the sculptures are classified in three main categories (pointy, round, and balanced) which divides JARDIN into seven sections. Moments of simultaneity, antagonistic positions, and arrangements of lines and angles emphasize key moments of the work, often corresponding with the musical material. Finally, the article concludes with a reflection on the analogies and isomorphisms between dance and music in this piece. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Work is the first reason for weaning once breastfeeding has started. The Haute Autorité de santé (HAS), professionals and mothers are agree on the need for information to prepare the return to work. Objective: To create a pamphlet for mothers who wish to continue breastfeeding when they return to work. Method: According to the HAS protocol, group sessions and then individual interviews were conducted with « naïve » and « experienced » mothers and different health professionals. The information was based on scientific recommendations. Results: It focused on labour law, day-to-day organisation and the necessary contacts. Incentives were added. It was redesigned to be objective, comprehensive, practical and attractive. It was agreed with the participants that the sheet would be available for free online and distributed in paper form via health professionals. Conclusion: The support of mothers is essential for maintaining breastfeeding when they return to work. The participatory development of the pamphlet makes it possible to meet their needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The management of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage has improved considerably with advances in endoscopic management techniques and peri-interventional care. Although traditional endoscopic treatments remain irreplaceable to date, new endoscopic techniques are emerging and could rapidly change our practices. For instance, in ulcer disease, OTSC (over-the-scope-clip) has a high success rate as a rescue treatment or as first-line treatment for bleeding ulcers that are difficult to treat. Hemostatic powders are safe, easy to use and allow rapid rescue hemostasis especially for diffuse or difficult to treat lesions. The use of endoscopic suture systems is also under development. In case of refractory bleeding, embolization during arteriography or hemostasis surgery should always be considered. In the management of gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to portal hypertension, elastic ligation of esophageal varices or injection of glue into gastric varices remain the first-line treatments. The use of echo-endoscopy to better guide the injection of biological glue in the treatment of gastric varices is a technique under development. A covered self-expanding metal esophageal stent may be considered as an alternative to the tamponade tube (Blackmore) for refractory bleeding. In this paper, we will discuss the main advances in endoscopic hemostasis techniques for upper gastrointestinal bleeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

by going through a selection of results of two participatory studies (La Galère and Le Triptyque) carried out in services and establishments for people with mental disabilities in sheltered housing and in the community, we question the educational relationship as a place of professionalization of social workers via the hybridization of the expertise of all the actors in the social intervention. Indeed, while the recently published guidance material (Piveteau Report, HCTS Green Paper, 2022) emphasizes the recognition and valorization of user expertise in the initial and continuous training of social workers, our research shows that the educational relationship is further structured by the hybridization of user, domestic, professional, and finally scientific expertise. This reveals a promising andragogy for social intervention that has been little studied until now. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1980, the famous primatologist Kinji Imanishi published Shutaisei no shinkaron (Freedom in Evolution: Life as a subject, translated from Japanese into French in 2015 and re-edited in 2022). He develops "his evolutionary theory", in radical opposition to both Darwinian and Lamarckian theoretical frameworks, objecting to random variation within species and to the population approach to species. In his theory, the species is the actor of its own evolution: it takes controls of its destiny to which individuals conform homogeneously. This theory is opposed to a nominalist vision since it relies upon species realism, to random variations, to population approaches to living organisms and to the genetic reductionism of the time. Today the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis is emerging, a more integrative approach in the sense that it keeps away from genetic reductionism, while organisms partly participate in building the selective constraints to which the population is submitted. To a certain extent, organisms are actors to their evolution. Should we see there a link with Kinji Imanishi's ideas? This is what the present paper explores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Singapore, on 19 December 2020, a trendy restaurant served nuggets prepared with chicken meat grown by the company Eat Just. According to customers, this product was similar in taste and texture to 'conventional meat'. In the National Review, journalist Matthew Scully welcomes this innovation and emphasises its re-humanising character. The aim of our paper is to show that this innovation, described by the journalist as a 'civilisational milestone' is based on what Mauss called 'a merchant's moral'. Cultured meat refers to powerful economic issues and generates alliances that are more economic-political than ethical. Far from 'rehumanising' us, it leads instead to replacing the living work of humans and animals with the dead work of machines. In other words, it dehumanises us and enslaves us. To show this, we first question the notion of 'real meat' and the historical dynamics that have led this product to being part of a project of agriculture without breeding. We then question the links between these innovations and the 'defenders' of animals and the planet, and the representations of animals underlying these links. Finally, we show that the morality of the merchant who promotes cultured meat is opposed to the universal morality of gift that has been building our relationship with domestic animals for ten millennia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In certain localities of Burkina Faso, vegetable oil production constitutes a moment of expression of social values, of role valorization, of status positioning of the actors involved in the process. In other words, the scenes of vegetable oil production have very complex socio-anthropological dimensions, but they are very interesting for science. This article analyzes the systems of diffusion of social norms and prescriptions that govern the vegetable oil production chain in the social arenas of Sourou and Yatenga in Burkina Faso. Thus, in vegetable oil production, social norms are presented as an articulated element of an overall system in which categories of actors engage in a kind of "institutional arrangement" for the control and use of the oil resource. From this perspective, this paper further analyzes the social games of belonging, i.e., the social categories that interact in the process, in order to identify the social logics that govern vegetable oil production in customary space. The study used semi-structured interviews, observation and ethnographic case studies as empirical data collection techniques. The results show that despite the know-how and mastery of production techniques, there is a whole set of social codes that are used to give social meaning and value to the resource produced. They also reveal the social boundaries and leeway of the different categories of actors in the diffusion of norms that regulate the production of these oils in these two zones of Burkina Faso. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper provides an analysis of the main motivations behind the publication of a second edition, revised and expanded, of a bilingual dictionary of Christian-Orthodox, Romanian-French and French-Romanian terms, ten years after the publication of the first one. In the given paper, three types of motivations are studied: lexicographical, terminological and cultural. Lexicographical motivation focused on enriching lexical entries (both in Romanian and in French). The terminological motivation focused on finalizing the lexical adaptation in French of several Greek borrowings, and therefore, the diachronic fixing of the individualized Christian-Orthodox terminology in this language. The cultural motivation underpinned the highlighting of a cultural continuum of a Christian-Orthodox nature established in a semiotic manner (notably through translations) between the two cultures, Romanian and French, concerned by the specialized lexicographical approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study is the characterisation of the household and assimilated wastes generated by two university residences (Ex Habitat and Hasnaoua), both located in TIZI-OUZOU (Algeria), to know their typologies and quantities for better management. The results show that the organic wastes represent the dominating fraction with 87,95% in the Ex-Habitat and 96,57% in Hasnaoua 2. The ratio was 0,29kg/person/day for the first university residence and 0,22% for the second one. Two methods of composting were used to treat large quantities of organic waste in-situ: in piles and composters thus to prevent them from being sent to the Oued-Falli landfills (Tizi-Ouzou). The composting process monitoring allowed us to get satisfying results using olive pomace, sawdust, dry tree leaves and cardboard paper as a carbon input. The highest temperatures were obtained with olive pomace, sawdust and dry leaves, indicating a good progression of the degradation process of the biowaste mixed withthese carbonaceous materials. As for paper/cardboard, the results show a less intense microbial activity where the maximum temperatures did not exceed 37.5°C in the piles and composters where the biowaste was mixed with this carbon input. These results allow us to conclude that paper/cardboard as a carbon input is not recommended because its presence in the substrate prevents the smooth running of the composting process: poor oxygen circulation, which slows down the degradation of the biowaste and produces foul odours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper, which is based on the experience of the Baie-Johan-Beetz Solidarity Cooperative, examines the efforts of a small Northern community of 78 residents to empower itself and which, despite its unfavourable geographical location, is developing large projects. To address the issue of local development in Northern living environments, it draws on the literature bearing on centre-periphery models, social innovation and relationships to territory. Situated at the crossroads of academic and citizen-based knowledge, and rooted in fieldwork-related methodology, the paper is built around the story occurring over the last decade of the birth, development and vitality of the Baie-Johan-Beetz Solidarity Cooperative. Set against a backdrop of local struggles fighting the deterioration and closure of local services, the community in question provides an example of the ability to mobilize Northern communities around a collective and socially innovative project. The conclusions underscore the urgent need for change in the Northern governance model, with a view to promoting local development for the benefit of Northern communities, as well as improving relations between Northern and Southern Quebec. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the recent progress on automated generalisation helped National Mapping Agencies to derivetopographic maps more and more quickly, there are still practical cartographic issues that requireattention. For instance, embankments are represented with line symbols showing the slope of theembankment. This paper proposes an automated algorithm, called ReBankment that displaces theembankment lines from the roads and rivers that overlap the embankment symbol. ReBankment isbased on a triangulation to identify neighbourhoods, and on a least squares adjustment to displaceand distort the embankment line while preserving its shape. The paper also proposes how to handle complex cases and scaling issues. ReBankment is tested on real data from a 1:25k scale topographicmap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, adaptive optics (AO) is installed on all very large astronomical telescopes. It allows to overcome the limitation in angular resolution imposed on large ground-based telescopes by the atmospheric turbulence perturbations. This review paper presents the state of the art of the field for astronomical applications. It gives the principles of AO and describes itsmain components which are the deformable mirrors, the wavefront sensors and the control algorithms. The paper also presents the main recent achievements and ongoing projects. First, for the direct imaging of extra-solar planets by extreme AO and coronography, taking as example the SPHERE instrument. Then to solve the problem of the very limited sky coverage by using laser guide star and to extend the AO correction beyond the isoplanatic patch. Thus, the various laser-assisted tomographic AO concepts are presented with examples of each realization as for the laser tomography AO, the multi-conjugate AO and the multi-object AO. Finally, the challenges of the new generation of giant telescopes are discussed at the end of the paperwith a particular focus on the European Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The end of professional education in alternating (France) or dual structures (Germany) cleary consists in professionalising the learners by offering knowledge, developing competences and in enabling them to get integrated into the communities of practice. This aim is realised in professional schools and at the workplace, from which arises the question -- discussed in this field of research for decades -- on the nature of the relationship between the learning in academic and working contexts. There have been given quite a number of answers to this also in the French speaking discourses. This paper, however, will concentrate on additional answers as suggested by research of Anglo-Saxon origin (connectivity theory, by Guile and Griffith) and by German origin (Komplementaritatstheorie der Bildung, by Jongebloed and Bank). The discussion of the different theoretical approaches leads to a hypothesis, in accordance to which the nexus between the learning of theory and the learning of practical tasks is realised by transfer learning. This hypothesis is first tested in a pilot study that has been carried out in interviewing some of the persons involved: the apprentice-students. The end of professional education in alternating (France) or dual structures (Germany) clearly consists in professionalising the learners by offering knowledge, developing competences and in enabling them to get integrated into the communities of practice. This aim is realised in professional schools and at the workplace, from which arises the question -- discussed in this field of research for decades -- on the nature of the relationship between the learning in academic and working contexts. There have been given quite a number of answers to this also in the French speaking discourses. This paper, however, will concentrate on additional answers as suggested by research of Anglo-Saxon origin (connectivity theory, by Guile and Griffith) and by German origin (Komplementaritatstheorie der Bildung, by Jongebloed and Bank). The discussion of the different theoretical approaches leads to a hypothesis, in accordance to which the nexus between the learning of theory and the learning of practical tasks is realised by transfer learning. This hypothesis is first tested in a pilot study that has been carried out in interviewing some of the persons involved: the apprentice-students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of synthetic chemical pesticides for crop protection has now clearly shown its limits: health risks, negative effects on the environment, ecological imbalances, loss of efficiency and high costs. Therefore, the goal of reducing the use of synthetic chemical pesticides in crop protection is now generally accepted by most professional and political actors. This paper focuses on the situation encountered in France, regarding the use of products of natural origin to manage populations and injuries of crop pests. In this field, the term "biocontrôle" has indeed appeared in France during the last decade; it is considered as a crop protection concept and it is presented as a solution to reduce the use of pesticides. This term "biocontrôle" is a French specificity; it does not have, to date, a single reference translation in English. This paper aims at providing an overview of what the term "biocontrôle" means in France. Behind an official definition, an examination of the definitions of "biocontrôle" in France shows significant terminological instability. The diversity of meanings of "biocontrôle" has led to varying interpretations by different French stakeholders. Furthermore, analysis of the use of the term "biocontrôle" in France over the last decade shows the growing interest of the general public, agricultural and agro-pharmaceutical professionals, policers and the scientific community. The increase in the use of the term "biocontrôle" has been observed in parallel with the decrease in the use of the French term "lutte biologique" (biological control or biocontrol in English), a recognized and stable concept for more than a century. Finally, this diversity of definitions of "biocontrôle" and the increase in the use of the term "biocontrôle" in France lead to issues in the field of crop protection that are discussed in this synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of further research on the forms QUE in French and DA in Serbian, whose first results were published in "QUE vs DA. Prilog proučavanju nepromenljivih kategorija reči u francuskom i srpskom jeziku" (Nasleđe No 44) and "QUE vs DA ou Question sémantique vs question terminologique" (Jezici i kulture u vremenu i prostoru 9/1). In this paper, the authors study the use and value of the mentioned forms in correlative structures in French and Serbian. Considering that correlation is a basic characteristic of comparative and consecutive structures, our aim was to find answers, always going from French to Serbian, to following questions: 1. Does correlation work in the same way in these two languages? 2. Will the French form QUE always have the Serbian form DA as an equivalent? 3. If, on the other hand, QUE and DA are not equivalent, how do they differ? The corpus is excerpted from literary texts in French and their translations into Serbian. Relying on contrastive analysis, cognitive theory and a semantic approach, this paper shows that QUE and DA are equivalent only in consecutive correlative structures (subordinate consecutive sentence), while the French QUE has some other equivalents in comparative correlative structures in Serbian. The analysis showed certain structural and semantic similarities and differences of one type of syntactic structures which in French linguistics evade the unique classification of subordinate sentences (subordinate consecutive sentences or a special type of subordinate sentences) which is not the case in Serbian grammars in which these structures are classified in the class of subordinate adverbial sentences, i.e. consecutive sentences. Following the typologies of consecutive correlative structures determined by Charlotte Hybertie and Miloš Kovačević, the analysis showed that there is a perfect coincidence of the observed forms in both basic types by Hybertie for the French language (intensity and manner), i.e. in the first and fourth type of consecutive sentences in Serbian (according to Kovačević). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tafilelt, as a new urban extension in the south of the ancient ksar of ben-Isguen in the M'Zab Valley of the Algerian Sahara, seems to have a considerable potential for sustainability. It is worldwide recognized as a sustainable and ecological city in a country which is not entirely involved in these concepts. One of the main factors of this qualification seems to be the association between the ancient know-how of the 11th century and the new notion of sustainability of the 20th century. The first objective of this paper is to understand Tafilelt's black box to contribute to the current debates on the correlation between the reinterpretation of heritage values and sustainable development. The second objective is to produce knowledge on the importance of the contemporary reinterpretation of the vernacular and socio-cultural built heritage and the role of this process in safeguarding the image of the M'Zab Valley. This research work is based on a qualitative analysis supported by the on-site observational study methods. The approach is at once descriptive, explanatory, and prescriptive, attempting to analyze the case of Tafilelt city, measure its potential in sustainable urban environment, and produce knowledge on the importance of a contemporary reinterpretation of the vernacular and socio-cultural built heritage. The results show that a significant potential is found in the use of vernacular resources and the reinterpretation of the built and socio-cultural heritage of the region. The latter seems to be defined as an essential operation for achieving urban and societal sustainability, which succeeds in making people react, bringing them together and unifying them. Within this context, the paper looks at how Tafilelt's civil society has approached urban sustainability and discusses the importance of its principles, objectives, and strategies inspired from the M'Zab's heritage and vernacular resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper delves into the life stories of three unaccompanied asylum seeking youth residing at a state care shelter in Istanbul in 2015 and 2016. Through its intervention, the research follows an engaged anthropological approach to reveal the hidden aspects of the youth's emotional and intellectual worlds. The in-depth life stories shared here illuminate Homi Bhabha's Third Space Theory (1994) and are amplified by a methodological approach we call affective multimodalities. As we seek to understand the various ways the youths navigate survival and learning to be freed from institutional categories, we explore a few concepts of Third Space Theory: extraterrestrial territories, paradoxical worlds, afterliferebirth, and a displaced angle of vision. Through the practice of a collaborative radio show and photography elicitations, the youth were asked to share their dreams as they were encouraged to realize their potentials. During this co-creative approach, one of the youth even became a co-author of this paper. The ethnographic insights produced through this approach allows us to explore the third space theory with a poetical reflection through words and images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an eclectic scientist, Théodore Monod is well known for his works on deserts, crustaceans, fishes, botany, desert geology, archaeology, ethnology and the history of science. He was one of the first ecologists, protector of nature and life. He devoted himself to more than twenty scientific disciplines during his career. For many scientists he was the specialist of their own discipline, but in fact he was a specialist of many branches of natural sciences. His 100 publications in ichthyology constitute a remarkable body of work even if they represent only 5% of his writings. This written work is considerable: 2167 scientific articles, notes and books for the general public were published in about 80 years. It is therefore delicate to propose a selection that illustrate the eclecticism of their author. In this paper we concentrate on the works in ichthyology. As soon as he was appointed to the Museum in 1922, he was sent to Mauritania for a year to study fish and crustaceans and also their fishing. These two animal groups have always been his passion and his specialty in zoology. Anatomist, he knew how to observe, draw and interpret all the organisms he studied. The books he wrote alone or in collaboration have become references for all ichthyologists and carcinologists. Thanks to his "insatiable and devouring" curiosity of nature, throughout his missions at sea, his explorations of oceanic islands, he collected until the end of his life tens of thousands of samples. His entry, as an assistant, in a laboratory dedicated to overseas fisheries forced him to familiarize with both fish and tropical countries. The contribution of Theodore Monod to the study of fish and fishing was vast. His work concerns both the fundamental aspects and the applications of ichthyology and can be divided into six major themes: "Fishes and fisheries", "Systematics, phylogeny, biogeography", "Biology of fishes", "Anatomy and functional morphology", "Inventories and catalogs of species", "History of Ichthyology". Among his 100 scientific publications on fishes, we note some master works such as the "Contribution to the fauna of Cameroon" (1927), his work on "The fishing industry in Cameroon" (1928), his work on the systematics of Clupeidae (1961), the numerous anatomical studies on tropical species such as the balastids (1958 to 1960) and elopids. We also note his voluminous work on the urophore complex of the Teleosteans (1968), the work on the cephalic osteology of the Scaridae, started in Dakar 60 years before publication, and completed in collaboration in Paris (1994, 1997). Finally, it is essential here to mention the eminent role played by Théodore Monod in the launching of the series of regional Catalogues/Check-lists of fishes ("the Clof..."). The first of these catalogs, the Clofnam ("Checklist of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, 1973"), in which he participated very actively as author and mainly co-editor, served as a model for the whole series. While remaining African at heart and in love with deserts, Théodore Monod remained faithful to the sea and to marine fishes, as much in the subjects of his research as in his scientific functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the figure of Rachel and the various modes of appropriation of the matriarch in a Christian context. This case study allows me to observe the circulation of a biblical type in the context of asymmetrical intercultural relations. This paper does not aim to sketch a history of the technical means of this circulation, but to show that the latter depends on the mutability of the figure of Rachel, that is to say on its capacity to assume different meanings in various contexts and sources. Like other biblical figures, Rachel was the subject of a struggle for appropriation between Jews and Christians in the first centuries of our era. In the Carolingian period, Christian exegesis turned her into the typus Ecclesiae ; in the Gregorian period, she became mater Ecclesia , and constituted an "ecclesiological image," like the Virgin. In some Christian sources, she is even called "virgin." Thus, Rachel is "Marianized" in the majority Christian culture, which is not without effect on Jewish conceptions of Rachel from the eleventh century on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines two doxographies present in Ḥunayn's summaries to Galen's treatise On the Elements. We track the origin of these doxographies back, from Greek scolia to Galen's treatise to Simplicius' Commentary on Aristotle's Physics , which we show to be the ultimate source. We also point out that Simplicius' Commentary inspired an interpretation of Parmenides and Melissus that we find in Ḥunayn's texts. This allows us to see remnants of Simplicius' Commentary in the Arabic world and to shed some light on the production of these summaries to Galen's work called Summaria Alexandrinorum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper represents a review article of Paul B Preciado’s major work, Testo Junkie: Sex, Drugs, and Biopolitics in the Pharmacopornographic Era, recently translated by Daniel Clinci at frACTalia. I will proceed to do so by offering a short contextualization of Preciado’s academic formation and activity, followed by a tackling of the main concepts he borrows from post-structuralist thought. Given Preciado’s fragmented manner of writing this text, which brings together theory and auto-biographical fiction, I will also engage in a type of media analysis that the reader might find atypical for a review, whose main focus is to draw on some cinematic parallels, in order to extract an account for the new emerging kind of subjectivity that the pharmacopornographic regime creates. I will present Preciado’s analysis of the pharmacopornographic regime by following three main concepts that consolidate his body of work: the deconstruction of sex, the economic analysis of potentia gaudendi (orgasmic force) and the political construction of categories. At the same time, I will evaluate Preciado’s materialist turn by offering a critique of consistency. Lastly, I will emphasize the importance of this book in intersectional analysis while criticizing some points that Preciado either fails to consider, or whose dangers he minimizes while proposing a praxis for political dissidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose in this paper a reflection about the relevance and the particularities of the use of therapeutic mediations in the context of clinical practice in consultation-liaison child psychiatry. The accompaniment of a young teenager leading to the creation of a multimedia clip is presented to illustrate the use of therapeutic mediations. This case is then the object of a theoretical and clinical analysis in order to highlight and analyze the psychic processes associated with the use of this mediation. The therapeutic mediation has favored the expression of the patient's desires and anxieties according to a multisensorial dimension – words, melodies, pictures – which supports and catalyzes the primary and secondary symbolization processes. The approach based on therapeutic mediations emphasizes the implementation of a "tailor-made" accompaniment which results in the co-construction of the mediation with the patients. The use of therapeutic mediations in the context of the consultation-liaison child psychiatry appears to be a relevant tool that favors the clinical encounter and the deployment of symbolization processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Arabic hypothetical systems, a fa - appears very often between protasis and apodosis. According to Classical Arabic grammar, formed on preclassical corpus and for the sole operator in of the hypothetical systems, this fāʾ would mark a formal break as soon as the apodosis cannot be protasis, that is to say when the apodosis is not faʿala (neutral perfect from the point of view of time) nor yafʿal (imperfect apocopate). However, in addition to the innumerable cases where this rule is not respected, fāʾ often missing where it was expected, its appearance does not correspond only to a formal necessity, but also seems to match with a semantic one: it indicates that in its presence the relation between protasis p and apodosis q is not a matter of Logic but of Pragmatics. To put it another way with Larcher, fāʾ is functionally and fundamentally a segmentator which marks a pragmatic break indicating that the utterance is at the level of the natural logic of speech acts where the utterance of p is a cause for the utterance of q. There, different interpretative values can be glimpsed (concessional, deductive, justifying, oppositive, etc.). This paper sets out to add one more, that is a causalo-inductive value, and to show how, after recalling a fundamental distinction made by the medieval Arab tradition which distinguishes between fāʾ sababiyya (causal fāʾ) and fāʾ taʿlīliyya (illative fāʾ), the hypothesis of a correlation between the type of apodosis, depending on whether it is semantically an assertion (iḫbār) or not, and then a performative (inšāʾ), and one of the two values of the fāʾ seems relevant and functional. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we provide a linguistic analysis of a recently digitized Luso-Moroccan correspondence corpus kept in the Portuguese National Archives of Torre do Tombo. All these documents date back to the first half of the tenth/sixteenth century and stand out for their being written in Middle Arabic, a language register which is characterized by the use of features from both classical and colloquial Arabic. The ultimate aim of this study is to find some clue to enable us to trace the history of present-day Moroccan Arabic dialects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several French cartoons making fun of the Fukushima nuclear disaster have caused public outrage in Japan. While nuclear energy is often considered a sensitive issue iii the country. Japanese press cartoonists have nevertheless played with it in various ways since the post-war period. Through the analysis of cartoons and comic strips (four cell mangas) published in the daily newspapers Asabi, Mainichi. and Yomiuri at seven key dates of the nuclear era— from the atomic bombing of Hiroshima (1945) to the nuclear accident of the Fukushima Daiichi plant (2011)-this paper analyzes how press cartoons were able to provide an original perspective on nuclear news in Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses caricature in two humourous books combining the story of the forty-seven faithful retainers (Chūshingura) with the banqueting arts (zashikigei), which consisted ofimitating an object or a human being: Zashikigei Chūshingura by Santō Kyōden illustrated by Utagawa Toyokuni ( 1810) and Zashikigei dake Chūshingura illustrated by Kawanabe Kyōsai (1878). It highlights the formal continuity in the motifs chosen by the artists, but also the transformations observed from one work to another. It also underlines the importance of the relationship between cat·icature and literary parody, which combine their effects to serve the same purpose: to make people laugh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During early modern period, general censuses and genealogical works on the Moroccan genealogies of the descendants of the prophets (šurafāʾ, ašrāf) were often commissioned by sultans. Printed at the very end of the nineteenth century, al-Faḍīlī's al-Durar al-bahiyyah was written at the request of the sultan Mawlāy Hasan. It compiled previous genealogical works of the early modern period and major genealogical sources of the nineteenth century. During the twentieth century, the last major survey of ašrāf families in Morocco is Maṣābīḥ al-bašariyyah , published in 1408/1987: it significantly describes the transformation of ašrāf families into urban elites of modern Morocco and their migration to the large cities of northern Morocco. This paper will explain the methods of investigation and classification described in al-Durar al-bahiyyah and Maṣābīḥ al-bašariyyah. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although al-Andalus was historically the territory of the Umayyads par excellence, certain branches of the Alid families (enemies of the Umayyads) settled there, especially in the 4th / 10th century. Over the centuries, other non-Idrisid branches also settled in al-Andalus, where the presence of these ašrāf branches was noted until the end of the Middle Ages. With the forced Christianization of all Andalusians from around 1500 in the Kingdom of Granada, and from 1523 in the Kingdom of Valencia, these branches suffered the systematic loss of family documents justifying their membership of the Prophet's family, especially with the ransacking of Arab heritage papers. Forced into exile in 1609, in a mass exodus ordered by the Hispanic monarchy, the Andalusians found themselves exiled in the Muslim countries of North Africa, bereft of any written genealogical justification. Oral tradition was all that remained to justify their claim. They claimed the noble genealogy of the Prophet, but often to no avail, as the indigenous North African Muslims generally denied them this claim for lack of convincing justification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The constitutive multicodicity of cinema naturally influences its inscription in temporality, which is heterogenous, fragmentary and problematic even in the most mundane cases. The lack of unmediated materiality which defines temporal categories stands in sharp contrast with the materiality and immanence of images, those two characteristics leading to the impossibility of ascribing a temporal value other than that of the present. But being confined to the present has potentially encouraged filmmakers to seek out artistic and technical means to “manipulate” (in the good sense of the word) the temporal representations of the viewers in order to create the sentiment of escaping the present and of moving across chronological boundaries. More than in other artistic medium, the perception of past and future is a carefully crafted artifact, the intention of the author working on different levels. Our paper sets out to highlight the different temporal categories with which film operates and some of the main devices for creating temporal depth, with a particular emphasis on the narrative technique of the flash-back. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted humanity, casting the world's Education Systems into an unprecedented crisis: schools have had to close down and teachers have been liable to teach in ways they had never used before and which they had never been prepared for. Being faced with this new situation, their voices were heard in a multitude of forms, starting with a spontaneous expression of their point of view on social networks and ending with some scientific discourses that were formulated during professional events and gathered in volumes. Our paper aims to analyze a corpus of speeches made by some Romanian teachers during the pandemic, to identify, in this way, their reactions to these major changes, as well as certain shortor long-term effects on the Romanian Education System in the post-pandemic period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Managers' work and management issues are nowadays a major concern for ergonomist practitioners and researchers. In this paper, we highlight societal and corporate evolutions and the way that ergonomics has evolved as a result. We propose a reading of the evolution that has been affecting companies for the last forty years, and show how the tertiarization and financialization of the economy and of companies have led them to deploy more rigid forms of organization that accentuate the control and demands of customers. We go on to observe that this evolution has not been uniform consistent, because the 1990s were the cradle of attempts to add to the tasks of operators by delegating tasks from middle management, while at the same time highlighting the fact that managers' jobs have been transformed, particularly by a move away from actual workof attempts to enrich the tasks of operators by delegating tasks to middle management, while pointing out that. But gradually, the work of managers was transformed, particularly by moving away from work (Gomez, 2013). We then make the observation that in response to these developments, ergonomists have looked at different levels of organizational determinants, in order to improve the sustainability of the effects and to continue the work already carried out on business development of the activity. Finally, we defend the utility of developing ergonomic approaches to managers' work, both for its key role in organizational functioning, particularly regarding regulations, and for the role it plays in the development of the activity of other employees. Hence today, more than ever, their work becomes an essential object of study and above all a major target for organizational intervention. We will see that current and future societal transitions reinforce this position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a review of driving instructor activity. Firstly, we present the most relevant characteristics of the road space environment, where driving instructors carry out their activity. We explain that this environment is dynamic, due to unpredictable changes in situation. It is also risky, due to the presence of numerous risk factors, and diverse, depending on the configuration of the roads, and finally, it is shared with other road users. Secondly, we try to identify the actual tasks of driving instructors and their characteristics during a driving session. The sharing of the road space leads them to organize their activity into two tasks. The first relates to safe management of the environment and includes the driving of the vehicle. The second concerns the driving instruction, which includes pedagogical guidance. Thirdly, we deal with the actual activity that the instructor carries out to complete his/her dual task. Two strategies emerge. The first concerns the instructor's selection of the road zones that will be proposed to the student. The second concerns variations in the instructor's guiding activity. We will show that these strategies reflect a formative dimension for the instructor, whose activity is personalised in accordance with the student's level, the detection of his/her difficulties and the modification of learning situations. Finally, we conclude with a presentation of the driver instruction curriculum and the instructor's training programme. These are accompanied by a difficulty of operationalisation by the instructor in a situation with the student. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This article examines the different approaches to the theory of sounds which were adopted by the Polish linguist Jan Baudouin de Courtenay (1845–1929) during his academic career. His Polish nationality made it difficult for him to find a lecturer job in a Russian university, which was one of the reasons why he changed post rather frequently: Saint Petersburg, Kazan, Dorpat (now Tartu in Estonia), Cracow and Warsaw. To each assignment corresponded a change in his scientific outlook, especially in phonetics and phonology. Today, Baudouin de Courtenay is remembered chiefly for his functional phonology elaborated in Kazan with his follower Mikołaj Kruszewski (who was also a Pole) from 1875 to 1883. This perspective, however, was not the only one entertained by Baudouin during his career. In this paper, three periods are highlighted: an initial phonetic phase (more or less in line with Neogrammarian doctrine), the "Kazan phonology", and his final psychological conception. These periods are not neatly demarcated, so that views predominant in a period may linger on in a successive one. Each of these periods was, for a distinct batch of disciples, formative. They resulted in the creation of the Saint Petersburg phonological school, of which Ščerba was an important figure, and the Warsaw school led by Baudouin's former Polish students in Cracow. The Moscow Phonological School and the Prague School also reveal Baudouin's influence on their phonological conceptions. It is shown that the prominent role played by Baudouin in the field of sound theory is best understood in the context of his changing views, which, to some extent, were at variance with each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a study of the way Soviet authorities' discourses on music were received in France. The post-war period is very interesting in many aspects. The political landscape changed following Zhdanov and Stalin's deaths, and two decrees regarding music production were published in 1948 and 1958. The press bulletins of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as well as the journalistic and intellectual production with scholarly pretensions of the PCF inform us about the reception of Soviet music in the French public space. We understand the evolution of censorship in the USSR thanks to the discourse in France about the professional Soviet musician and about the Soviet opera. Since censorship in the USSR was not always controlled, it is appropriate to question the role of Soviet and French communist intellectuals. As such, we study socialist realism in music, but also the conflicts that the enforcement of such ideological principles produces. Moreover, although French sympathizers covered Soviet musical news extensively, we observe divergences of opinion resulting from the diversity of the editorial frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The buildings that comprise my research corpus encourage me to question my archival approach to architecture in a socialist environment. The study of an architectural project requires looking at the constraints, the reasons for the construction, and the interpretation. Architectural archives are also research objects in themselves. Indeed, there are several components that should be studied in parallel with the buildings: "administrative", "graphic", "oral" and "in-situ". This paper is an opportunity to become familiar with the different sources invoked in architectural analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper suggests a multi-sensory reading of an architectural heritage through the circumvent of the classical method, that is based mainly on the visual sense in order to interpret graphic figures (plans, facades, sections, ground plans ... etc). The recourse to the interdisciplinarity is revealed to be essential to learn about experiences, perceptions of users and architectural ambiences of the past. The case study is the traditional house of the Kasbah of Algiers. Through the analysis of an autobiographical and historical novel, it has been possible to draw important indicators related to this subject. Subsequently, a morphological analysis allows to check, within a corpus of Algiers houses, the stability of the architectural device linked to the heritage ambiences characterizing this place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the transformation of irrigated systems in the semi-arid Elqui Valley in Chile. We use the notion of hydrosocial territory to analyze the effects of new hydraulic infrastructures on irrigation practices and institutional water rules. The methodology is based on the collection and analysis of qualitative and quantitative data. The installation of new infrastructures associated with the rise of commercial agriculture, financed by the State, leads to a gradual abandonment of canals and water turns and disintegrates the collective decision-making process within the irrigators' associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]