3,400 results
Search Results
2. Utilisation de la réalité virtuelle pour l'apprentissage de la lecture critique d'article en santé.
- Author
-
Frigo, Léa, Kronovsek, Téo, and Perrochon, Anaïck
- Abstract
Context: Virtual reality is used in many courses and in multiple ways in medical pedagogy, but not in critical appraisal learning. Aim: To evaluate the usability and interest of virtual reality in this reflective teaching context. Methods: Sixteen third year of physiotherapy students' at the University of Limoges were taught critical appraisal of an article with virtual reality. Questionnaires asked them about their feelings, side effects (VRSQ), usability of the system (SUS) and user experience (AttrackDiff 2). A critical appraisal worksheet was completed by the students after reading a scientific article, and then completed after the virtual reality session, giving two formative scores. The students' learning path in the virtual experience was analyzed. Results: Learners scored significantly higher after viewing the virtual reality module (13.1 ± 3.0 and 14.3 ± 3.1 respectively, p < 0.05). Students described the tool as motivating, allowing them to focus and facilitating better understanding of a scientific study. Usability and attractiveness of the virtual reality module was satisfactory, despite the presence of some adverse effects. Conclusion: Virtual reality seems to be an interesting tool to use in the context of critical appraisal learning, and it can be deployed at distance in e-learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Faut-il disqualifi er les « parcs de papier »? De l'intérêt du bricolage institutionnel.
- Author
-
Beuret, Jean-Eudes and Cadoret, Anne
- Abstract
Used by managers and scientists, the term "paper park" describes protected areas that are considered ineffective on the basis of either their performance or the resources available. An international comparative analysis of 13 marine protected areas has made it possible to reconstruct the thwarted institutionalisation processes of six of them, identified as "paper parks". The analysis reveals three determinants of these situations, then three ideal-types of institutional configurations. We propose a definition of paper parks that takes into account the place-based resources generated by the institutionalisation, resources that can potentially be activated for the benefit of the resilience of a place-based conservation policy which, depending on the case, takes various forms. The concept of "institutional bricolage" is mobilised to analyse the mechanisms of resilience: this leads to operational and then theoretical deductions, relating to the cross-analysis of the processes of bricolage, conflict and innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. COMPARAISON DES VALEURS DE CHARGES VIRALES REALISEES SUR PLASMA ET SUR GOUTTE DE SANG SECHE OUDRIED BLOOD SPOT(DBS) CHEZ LES PERSONNES VIVANT AVEC LEVIRUS DE L'IMMUNODEFICIENCE HUMAINE (VIH) A BAMAKO.
- Author
-
N., Telly, S., Traoré, I., Guindo, S., Daou, A., Maiga, S., Doumbia, M. D., Sidibé, O., Sangho, O., Guindo, C. A., Coulibaly, and F., Bougodogo
- Abstract
Introduction: The use of blotting paper as a support for quantification of viral load could improve the virological monitoring of patients on Human Immunodeficiency Virus treatment in Mali. The urgency is obvious to us that the coverage in charge is only 10% for the achievement of the 3rd 90. Objective: To assess the performance of viral load screening (sensitivity, specificity, concordance) of DBS from the one spot DBS protocol according to plasma in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) in Bamako. Methods: A total of 130 blotting papers were made from blood samples received from five sites for monitoring live persons with HIV. These blotting papers thus made were analyzed with the Abbott m2000 apparatus for the purpose of quantifying the viral load with plasma as reference sample. The extraction was done with the m2000SP automatic extractor, following the protocol 1.0 mL HIV-RNA DBS Protocol for paper. Furthermore, the extraction of plasma RNA on the m2000SP was done according to the 0.6 mL HIV-1 RNA protocol. Results: With 130 samples with detectable viral loads, we obtained a correlation of r = 0.837 (p <0.001). In addition, the average difference between the viral load on blotting paper and plasma was 0.512 log / virological copies with a kappa coefficient = 0.708. The threshold of 1000 copies / mL defined as virological success in our study allowed us to obtain a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 100%. Conclusion: Decentralized zones or virological plasma monitoring is not accessible, the new Protocol one spot of Abbott laboratory offers an interesting opportunity for the follow-up of these patients with good performance at the threshold of 1000 copies. The use of DBS as a virological support can contribute effectively to the achievement of the 3rd 90. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
5. Négociations et jeu asymétrique dans les rédactions chinoises. La quête d'autonomie éditoriale des journalistes du Dongfang Zaobao et de Pengpai/The Paper.
- Author
-
PETER, ALAIN
- Abstract
: Au début du XXIe siècle, la pratique du journalisme en Chine a été marquée par une percée de l'investigation à la faveur d'une conjonction singulière : la volonté du pouvoir central de contrôler les administrations locales grâce à un travail de surveillance des médias et le désir d'une nouvelle génération de journalistes de mener des enquêtes de façon professionnelle. Entre 2003 et 2016, à Shanghai, un groupe de journalistes qui a d'abord dirigé le quotidien Dongfang Zaobao, puis le site d'information Pengpai témoigne de ce moment. Des entretiens répétés avec ces journalistes permettent de décrypter leur stratégie à long terme, de distinguer une phase de négociations menées avec les autorités pour créer un média et un temps de jeu asymétrique pour produire de l'information. Ils montrent que les journalistes ont engrangé des succès importants en matière d'investigation mais que les autorités ont toujours fini par refermer l'espace éditorial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
6. Contenus, positionnements, régulations et apprentissages mobilisés dans des écrits réflexifs en formation en alternance.
- Author
-
De SIMONE, Soraya, MAUROUX, Laetitia, and BALSLEV, Kristine
- Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of twelve learning reviews from four institutional contexts, involving the initial and in-service training of primary and secondary school teachers and mentors in French-speaking Switzerland. The theoretical framework is based on a cultural-historical approach and identifies phenomena affected by reflective writing and contributing to professional development, such as identity development and regulatory systems. The paper tackles the following questions: How does the writing of learning reviews contribute to professional development? What is the content of these written accounts? What dimensions of the training process does this writing reveal? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Fatou, enfant réfugiée sans papiers... qui mange du papier.
- Author
-
Benhamou, Hervé
- Abstract
Fatou is a 6 years old refugee-girl, coming from Africa, french speaking, with no official french I.D. ("papiers" in french, which means paper and I.D.) She is referred to me by the court. She is suffering behavioral troubles as anger tantrums and paper eating. During the sessions, several psychopathological points emerge. There is a contrast between her remarquable learning abilities and her emotionnal immaturity in which there is an obvious oral fixation. Her paper eating disorder occurs primarily when she is alone and feeling abandonned. This symptom can be seen also on the level of an archaic oral incorporation of a good enough object (the paper-I.D.) that would give her emotionnal and legal security, and the opportunity to stay with her uncle, who is her official caregiver. The drawings and dreams are also showing that Fatou presents an evolutive dysharmony, a border-line personnality, a false self with a more or less satisfying social adaptation and an overinvested school education. This may be split with a deeper self, with underlying depression and active oral anxieties that may be correlated with her persistant paper-eating symptom. I referred her to a psychiatric center for an individual psychoanalytic psychotherapy, and her uncle, to receive a psychological guidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. L'effet de la tablette tactile sur l'acquisition des relations sémantiques.
- Author
-
Lavoie, Constance
- Subjects
- *
ELECTRONIC paper , *SCIENTIFIC community , *PRIMARY schools , *MODAL logic - Abstract
This article compares the use of two different modalities, the digital tablet, and paper, in the acquisition of semantic relationships during the lexical research community approach. The lexical research community approach for teaching-learning semantic relationships is dialogical and multimodal (Lavoie, Pellerin, Brel-Cloutier & Beauparlant, 2019). This article addresses the question: does the modality (paper or digital tablet) for producing the heuristic lexical map influence the acquisition of semantic relationships? 31 students (paper group) and 32 students (tablet group) in grade three at a primary school participated in the study. This study took place in an economically disadvantaged and multilingual environment. The quantitative results indicate that using a video screen capture application on a tablet does not influence the acquisition of semantic relationships. On the other hand, verbalization provided by the screen capture video application on the tablet facilitates the acquisition of thematic words. After 4 cycles of the lexical research community approach, the average of the two groups improved in terms of semantic relationships regardless of the modality used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Prise en charge des jeunes patients porteurs de maladies chroniques du foie ou transplantés hépatiques suivis en pédiatrie et arrivant à l'âge adulte: recommandations de la filière de santé Filfoie.
- Author
-
Debray, Dominique, Goria, Odile, Habes, Dalila, Antonini, Teresa, Lacaille, Florence, and Masmonteil, Annie
- Subjects
- *
LIVER disease treatment , *PEDIATRICS , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors , *MEDICAL care , *YOUTH - Abstract
Transition is a coordinated and progressive process aiming at the transfer of a young patient from a pediatric care to the adult health system. Transfer of medical care to adult facilities is a complex task requiring multiple involvements of both paediatric and adult care providers, taking into account the medical, psychosocial and educational needs of the youth. The Transition Working Group of the French Network for Rare Liver Diseases (Filfoie) proposes recommandations and tools in order to optimize the transition process and transfer of young people with chronic liver disease from child-centred to adult-centred healthcare services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Prise en charge des jeunes patients porteurs de maladies chroniques du foie ou transplantés hépatiques suivis en pédiatrie et arrivant à l'âge adulte : recommandations de la filière de santé Filfoie.
- Author
-
Debray, Dominique, Goria, Odile, Habes, Dalila, Antonini, Teresa, Lacaille, Florence, Masmonteil, Annie, Danet, Colette, Kone, Djelika, Fezaa, Djamila, Soulié, Marion, Flouris, Alexandra, Tsilibaris, Virginie, and Girard, Muriel
- Abstract
Transition is a coordinated and progressive process aiming at the transfer of a young patient from a pediatric care to the adult health system. Transfer of medical care to adult facilities is a complex task requiring multiple involvements of both paediatric and adult care providers, taking into account the medical, psychosocial and educational needs of the youth. The Transition Working Group of the French Network for Rare Liver Diseases (Filfoie) proposes recommandations and tools in order to optimize the transition process and transfer of young people with chronic liver disease from child-centred to adult-centred healthcare services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Quelques aspects du comportement hygromécanique du papier.
- Author
-
Bloch, Jean-Francis, Dumont, Pierre J. J., Rolland, Sabine, Orgéas, Laurent, Geindreau, Christian, and Bouquet, Nicolas
- Subjects
- *
PAPER , *STRENGTH of materials , *FIBERS , *POROSITY - Abstract
Paper is mainly made up of cellulosic fibrous materials. On one hand, the nature of the fibres (softwood or hardwood) and on the other hand, their mechanical treatments severely affect the obtained porous structure. The porosity can vary from 1% to 95% according to the aimed end-use properties. Consequently, the mechanical behaviour strongly varies. Indeed, the mechanical resistance is related on the quality of fibres and the bonds between these fibres. Moreover, the mechanical behaviour of the final products is influenced by both the orientation of fibres and moisture. Consequently, it is important to better understand the moisture-induced changes of dimensions and mechanical properties of papers. Experiments were undertaken to this end. Moreover, in order to observe the fibrous microstructure of paper, experiments based on synchrotron microtomography were carried out with the help of the "European Synchrotron Radiation Facility" (ESRF). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Les exemplaires avec envoi et les grands papiers de l'édition de 1861 des Fleurs du Mal.
- Author
-
Bogousslavsky, Julien and Goujon, Jean-Paul
- Subjects
- *
EROTICISM in literature , *SYMBOLISM (Literary movement) , *LITERARY criticism - Abstract
The article discusses the publication of various edition of the book "Fleurs du Mal" by Charles Baudelaire first published in 1857 ant then in 1861 is a collection of poems that deals with themes related to decadence and eroticism. Topics include it importance in symbolist and modernist movements and literary criticism of the poems.
- Published
- 2018
13. Livres blancs de la psychiatrie.
- Author
-
Garrabé, Jean
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Le "Making of" de Eichmann in Jerusalem et quelques foyers de sa réception.
- Author
-
Brudny, Michelle-Irène
- Abstract
Thanks to the Arendt/Hannah Arendt Papers (LC) collection, it is possible to discern the geological strata and to grasp the palimpsest of Eichmann's text in Jerusalem in the precision of its transformations, which are not trivial. The materials available for analysis include the following: 1. The articles from The New Yorker (1963); 2. The first draft of the work (1963); 3. The final draft of the first edition (1963); 4. The corrections for the British edition (Faber and Faber 1963); 5. The answer to Samuel Grafton's questions, which was not published (1963); 6. The interview with Thilo Koch at the beginning of 1964; 7. The German translation revised by the author (1964); 8. The interview with Günter Gaus (1964); and 9. The American edition revised and expanded (1965). To this inventory we can also add the distortions of the citations of the text itself in American and European critiques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. « La fin de cette illusion qui était vieille de 115 ans »: Le Rapatriement Constitutionnel Débattu au Québec (1980-1982).
- Author
-
Desaulniers, Antoine Brousseau
- Abstract
This article aims to study the transformations in Quebec's political culture brought about by the debates surrounding the patriation of the Constitution proposed by Ottawa in the wake of the 1980 referendum on sovereigntyassociation. Specifically, it seeks to trace the changes in the way actors approached the constitutional debates once the Parti Québécois government lost the initiative to the Liberal government of Pierre Elliott Trudeau. Bridging the gap between a politician-centred and a civil society-centred approach, this paper sheds new light on the interactions between pressure groups and elected officials in the context of constitutional debates. As a broad and complex subject, Quebec's political culture is undergoing at least two major transformations, catalyzed by the "crisis" of the patriation of the Constitution. First, section 23 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms gives a particular color to the Quebec language debate and crystallizes the opposition between supporters of unilingualism and bilingualism, in addition to giving concrete expression to the intertwining of linguistic and constitutional issues. Second, the decline of the dualist ideal, which has been undermined for years by some Quebec sovereignists, ethnocultural community groups, and Indigenous people, is being precipitated by the patriation project in general and the "Night of the Long Knives" in particular. The decay of this structuring representation of the Quebec political field is giving way to a new one, the "distinct society.". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
16. Optimum maintenance units in multi‐indenture systems.
- Author
-
Zhao, Qian Qian, Yoo, Jae Yoon, Dohi, Tadashi, and Yun, Won Young
- Abstract
This paper deals with an optimization problem of determining the maintenance units and age‐based inspection schemes to minimize the expected maintenance cost rate and satisfy a target system availability for multi‐indenture systems that have a modular structure with redundant units. Failures of primary components directly lead to system failures and can therefore be identified and maintained immediately, while failures of redundant components need to be identified by inspections. And the designated maintenance units need to be replaced during maintenance. By constructing the dual structure of the fault tree, we present a failure path enumeration method, based on which the system availability and expected maintenance cost rate models considering maintenance time are derived. For redundant units, two types of inspection policies are considered in our models: one is the corrective maintenance (CM)‐based inspection policy, and the other one is the age‐based inspection (PM) policy, inspections are performed at failures or age
h , depending on which occurred earlier. A heuristic algorithm is proposed to find the reasonable maintenance units and inspection intervals simultaneously, and its performance is also compared and analyzed. Several numerical examples are studied to investigate the effect of parameters on optimal solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. RÉFLEXION SUR LE RÔLE DES MÉTADONNÉES POUR UNE MEILLEURE DÉCOUVERTE.
- Author
-
BILODEAU, Robert Georges
- Abstract
The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of metadata on the identification of special collections, particularly games, in academic library discovery tools. Effective identification of these resources is closely linked to the quality of the metadata describing them, as well as to the technological characteristics of the system used.In order to optimize this identification, the cataloging of the games collection of the Laboratoire ludique de l'Université du Québec à Montréal has added the descriptors of the ESAR system, a controlled vocabulary specialized for games. A brief presentation of the ESAR system will be given to better understand its particularities compared to traditional thesauri and to better underline its interest for games indexing. These descriptors can now be encoded in MARC format in subject fields, thus opening up the possibility of fully exploiting their discovery potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
18. Cohomologie des fibrés en droites sur SL3 =B en caractéristique positive: deux filtrations et conséquences.
- Author
-
Linyuan Liu
- Abstract
In this paper, I will prove the existence of two filtrations of the cohomology of line bundles on SL3/B. The first one is a two-step filtration that exists for H¹(μ) and H²(μ) if μ is in the Griffith region. The second one exists for all Hi (μ), and is similar to the p-filtration that has been considered by Jens Carsten Jantzen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. De listes en bibliothèques. Mémoires impériales (monarchie des Habsbourg, 2e moitié du XVIIIe siècle).
- Author
-
LEBEAU, Christine
- Abstract
This presentation originates in a survey on financial administrators and studies the relationship between knowledge and practice, focusing on the inventory of the Wilczek papers preserved in the State Archives in Vienna. The study first presents the library of Count Karl Joseph Firmian (Trento 1716 - Milan, 1782), a personality comparable in many respects to that of the bishop Batthyány, then continues with the succession and transfer of the papers to Count Johann Joseph Wilczek (1738-1819). It is a question of understanding how, beyond the fragments of career, an imperial memory was built - not only from Milan to Vienna (Count Wilczek was plenipotentiary in Milan from 1782 to 1796), but also by incidental relationships and experiences, as well as through either suggested or hidden by the list. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
20. La recherche en éducation médicale dans les facultés de médecine en France. Etat des lieux à partir d'une revue systématique des travaux publiés.
- Author
-
POTTIER, Pierre, BUFFENOIR, Kevin, CASTILLO, Jean-Marie, ETIENNE, Jérôme, and RICHARD, Isabelle
- Abstract
Introduction: Medical education is a recent addition in the field of scientific research. Indeed it has spread to many countries. The goal of this review was to quantify the involvement of French teams in medical education research. Method: A systematic review of two databases (Pubmed and the archives of the Pédagogie Médicale journal) over a 15-year period was carried out. Results: Research in medical education is growing in France (a 12- fold increase over 15 years) even though it remains lower than in other countries, such as Canada or neighboring Germany. Overall, the French contribution to research in medical education stands at 0.22% in Pubmed and 21% in Pédagogie Médicale. Surgical and general specialties, including obstetrics and gynecology, anesthesiology, public health, internal medicine and family and emergency medicine, were the research fields most targeted. Most of the work focused on teaching assessment. Though impact factors were often under 4, the level of publication according to the SIGAPS classification was relatively high with 50% of papers published in A, B or C-ranked journals. Discussion: The results reveal how knowledge in medical education research, researcher training with respect to methodological specificities and the French team's aims in developing quality scientific data in the research field are lacking. Conclusion: French research in medical education needs further development. Medicaleducation leaders and research centers appear crucial in this respect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Vous avez dit Wicked philosophy? Intérêts et limites d'un courant de recherche pour une éducation au politique dans un monde problématique.
- Author
-
FABRE, Michel
- Abstract
This paper retraces the epistemological history of an English-language research tradition stemming from political planning and management, from the 1970s to the present day. This school of thought has developed notions such as « ill-structured problems, » « fuzzy problems, » « wicked problems, » and even « super-wicked problems, » which aim to account for the difficulty of political problems and question the Cartesian image of the problem as fully definable and soluble. We seek to evaluate the epistemological content of these concepts, describe the debates they provoke over their definition, their operationality, and their possible uses for political science. But the main question is whether this research tradition, which gives rise to a philosophy of education and to pedagogical proposals, is capable of fertilizing an education in politics, within the framework of the socially acute questions now introduced in school curricula and in relation to the problems that worry us most today, such as climate change or pandemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
22. Les Cahiers d'EMAM: Études sur le Monde Arabe et la Méditerranée.
- Subjects
- *
SOCIAL science periodicals , *SOCIAL history , *ECONOMIC history , *HISTORY periodicals - Abstract
The article presents brief information on the journal "Cahiers d'EMAM" and contributions dealing with urban issues, territorial constructions at all scales and in their historical, social, economic and political dimensions. It is informed that Cahiers d'EMAM is a social science journal specializing in Arab world and the Mediterranean.
- Published
- 2018
23. Sécurité foncière, productivité agricole et sécurité alimentaire Cas du Togo et extension aux pays de la CEDEAO.
- Author
-
Théodore, GNEDEKA Kodjo, Kossigan, TOBI, and Edem, DOUVI
- Abstract
Context and background African countries have undertaken vast and increasingly ambitious initiatives in recent years to promote land registration in order to secure land tenure and ownership rights. In theory, recognition of property rights should boost agricultural productivity and food security. However, empirical evidence of the link between land security, agricultural productivity and the food security of households remains ambiguous Goal and Objectives: It is against this backdrop that this research aims to study the effect of land tenure security on agricultural productivity and food security of farm households, based on evidence from Togo, and then by extension to ECOWAS countries. More specifically, it aims to (i) identify the determinants of land tenure security of farm households, (ii) analyze the effect of land tenure security on agricultural productivity and food security of farm household by gender. Methodology: The paper relies on Oaxaca and Blinder's decomposition technique and its nonlinear extension with the Propensity Score Matching Method (PSM) for robustness with data mainly from the Harmonized Households Living Conditions Survey (EHCVM) of Togo and selected ECOWAS countries realized in 2018-2019. Results: Empirical results reveal that being a woman reduces the probability of obtaining a document securing one's plot of land. However, the human capital of the head of household increases the probability of holding a land title. They reveal gender-based inequalities in agricultural productivity and food insecurity among farming households. However, holding a title deed to secure one's plot of land is expected to reduce this inequality by improving agricultural productivity and food security among farming households. The results confirm the need to develop land markets to facilitate the transfer of land, as part of measures to improve agricultural productivity and household food security in ECOWAS countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. La fuite des Iyād au « Pays des Romains » : une théorie de migration transfrontalière aux débuts de l'Islam.
- Author
-
Pierre, Simon
- Abstract
This paper analyses the narrative sources dealing with a unique phenomenon in early Islam: the passage of part of the Arabic-speaking Iyād group into Roman service. Abbasid-era authors (132/750-333/945) locate and date the defectors in the context of the conquests (futūḥ) of the Roman and Sassanian Middle East by earlier Arab-Muslims (c. 10/632-20/642). We highlight the contradictions, inconsistencies and anachronisms of the versions, and focus especially on their tendency to actually deal more with migration from Iraq to northern Syria than from northern Syria to Byzantine Anatolia. Thus, we propose an alternative scenario: the Iyād gradually settled in the northern military district (ǧund) of Homs, in ex-Roman Syria-Mesopotamia during the first/seventh century. Considering the similar events involving emigrant, defector and rallied units during the Umayyad period (40/661-132/750), as well as the frequent shifts of the frontier in the border zone (ṯuġūr), we suggest that the Iyād, like many groups driven out and conscripted into the region by both the Byzantines and the Umayyads empires, may have passed repeatedly into the service of both. Eventually, the rigidification of geographical, political and confessional borders transformed such opportunistic and/or forced movements, although still attested, into unnatural apostasies. However, this context prevailed in the writing of the narrative sources on their primordial flight to the "land of the Romans". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Lorsqu'un uṣūlī interprète le Coran : aspects de la réception de la théorie légale dans l'exégèse de Faḫr al-Dīn al-Rāzī.
- Author
-
Oulddali, Ahmed
- Abstract
In his commentary on the Qurʾān, Faḫr al-Dīn al-Rāzī makes use of various traditional and rational sciences, among them legal theory (uṣūl al-fiqh). This science plays a primary role within his exegetical device, since he draws from it many notions and arguments that allow him to propose new interpretations or to refute the opinions issued by his predecessors. The present paper aims to study the contribution of legal theory to al-Rāzī's exegesis. Our purpose is to show how this author uses the hermeneutical rules borrowed from the science of uṣūl al-fiqh and the benefits he derives from them, especially in the debates opposing him to other commentators of the Qurʾān. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. The activity of intercultural mediators in a medical context: a shield against epistemic injustices?
- Author
-
MAHMOUD, MARWA and MULLER-MIRZA, NATHALIE
- Subjects
- *
CROSS-cultural communication - Abstract
Through this paper, we explore plurilingual and intercultural communication’s situations in a medical context from the point of view of epistemic injustices (Fricker, 2007). Using narrative explicitative interviews on two situations (concerning birth and death), described by two intercultural mediators, we analyze their practices and highlight what they do to ensure that non-native speakers’ voice is listened to and believed. Our study contributes, on the one hand, to highlighting certain aspects related to epistemic injustices in intercultural communication, and on the other hand, to rethinking critically the relations between the ontologies underlying the relationship to the other, to the body and to health, mobilized in medical institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Introduction au dossier « Transformations du paysage, manipulation de l'image ».
- Author
-
STREITBERGER, Alexander and REVERSEAU, Anne
- Abstract
Transforming Landscapes, Manipulating images, collected from the papers and discussions of the research workshop organized by Alexander Streitberger and Anne Reverseau on the 9th of December 2022 at the WIELS (Brussels). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
28. L'entre-deux de la transition professionnelle: quelle posture de l'accompagnement?
- Author
-
CIOBANU-GOUT, Varvara
- Subjects
- *
CAREER changes , *BIOGRAPHY (Literary form) - Abstract
against a backdrop of transformations in the employment market, career changes are on the rise. This paper explores the subject's experience of this transition, seen as an « in-between » situation. It highlights the need for support during this transition. The professional position adopted by support workers who use the biographical narrative is presented here as that of a craftsman, working alongside the person receiving support to construct the meaning of their life story. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Signum scientis est quod possit docere. L'enseignement de la science selon Thomas d'Aquin.
- Author
-
Valdivia Fuenzalida, José Antonio
- Subjects
- *
CERTAINTY - Abstract
Against St. Augustine's position, Thomas Aquinas claims that man can teach his own science to someone else. His theory on the teaching of science is developed in Summa Theologica, I, q. 117, a. 1 and in Quaestiones disputatae de veritate, q. 11, a. 1. This paper aims to explain, considering this doctrine, why Aquinas admits the Aristotelian thesis of Metaphysics, I, according to which the distinctive mark of science is that it can be taught. I argue that, according to Thomas, science can be taught, in the one hand, because of its derivative nature and, on the other because it is grounded on certain principles that are both true and evident. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. EXPLORATION DE LA TECHNOLOGIE BLOCKCHAIN POUR LE SECTEUR FONCIER.
- Author
-
BORIJA, RIM, IDRISSI, KAMAL BEN ADDOU, JEGA, MOHAMMED IBRAHIM, and EL-AYACHI, MOHA
- Abstract
Context and background In the last few years, Blockchain technology has been taking the world by a storm. While it is true that its success has increased with the emergence of the Bitcoin, the world is becoming increasingly aware that the Blockchain is promising heaps in record keeping and transaction management. Land tenure and administration is no exception. Several initiatives have been undertaken to comprehend the extent of Blockchain's potential for land governance system. This paper falls under the scope of that study. Goal and Objectives This paper has set out to understand Blockchain and its operating mechanisms in order to determine its contribution to the issues challenging our land tenure systems. In addition, this study has also strived to delimit a framework for the Blockchain implementation in the land sector and create models of this implementation on various levels. Methodology This research and its findings are based on bibliographic research, a benchmark analysis as well as expert opinions and consultations. Results Land governance is an interesting field of deployment for Blockchain. Indeed, the technology can replace traditional record keeping methods, such as written registries and databases, to manage and track records and documentation insuring they remain unchanged and authentic. It also allows different stakeholders to work together in an automated and efficient framework involving smart contracts and unique digital signatures. Moreover, it can also redefine property into digital tokens exchangeable on the Blockchain. With the careful analysis of the framework of its implementation, Blockchain is as capable of improving current systems and addressing their issues and complicated procedures, as it is of completely redefining their visions and pushing process reengineering. In both cases, Blockchain is an IT solution that reinforces land security and responds to requirements of land systems that traditional solutions still fail to meet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. La thématisation du patient-victime à l'oral: Un domaine fonctionnel révélateur de la distance typologique entre le français et l'espagnol.
- Author
-
Repiso, Isabel and Granget, Cyrille
- Subjects
- *
FRENCH language , *SPANISH language , *VERBS - Abstract
Passive sentences have been traditionally analyzed in French by descriptive studies in the aim of elucidating the use of the auxiliary verbs être and se faire (Tesnière 1988; Le Goffic 1993; Riegel et coll. 1994; Le Bellec 2014). In Spanish, the formally equivalent auxiliary verbs are ser and hacerse but their use is not concurrent since hacerse is semantically restricted to express beneficial actions (e.g., Se hizo masajear la espalda, He had his back massaged). The goal of our paper is to compare –in spoken French and Spanish– the grammatical and lexical means used in the topicalization of non-volitional patients involved in unpleasant actions. Our results showed that French speakers produced 59.3% of passive sentences, whereas Spanish speakers showed a preference to conceptualize the Patient-victim as an accusative within active voice sentences (37.5%). Concerning the passive sentences produced by each group, French speakers showed an overt preference for the auxiliary se faire (78.9%), whereas in Spanish the Patient-victim's topicalization was most frequently marked by a Latin-derived prepositional object complement (58.8%). Our paper indicates that the topicalization of a Patient-victim is a distinctive typological feature between French and Spanish, and suggests the salience of passive-perspective conceptualizations in French for the semantic domain of unpleasant actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. FIT position paper on crowdsourcing of translation services.
- Subjects
- *
CROWDSOURCING , *TRANSLATORS , *BILINGUALISM , *FANSUBBING (Subtitles) , *ENTHUSIASM - Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Le traitement de l'infection à Helicobacter pylori chez l'adulte: les articles clés de ces cinq dernières années.
- Author
-
Lamarque, Dominique
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. La tarification des ebooks se structuretelle en miroir des prix des livres papier ? Les cas de la France et des États-Unis en 2011.
- Author
-
Guillon, Olivia and Thierry, Clémence
- Subjects
- *
ELECTRONIC books , *PRICING , *ELECTRONIC publishing , *BOOKSELLERS & bookselling , *BOOK sales & prices - Abstract
This study seeks to assess the extent to which die digital book market is structuring independently from the print edition market by comparing the pricing of 559 digital and print French and American bestsellers during 2011. Two pricing methods are distinguished: "homothetic pricing," where the digital pricing is a reflection of the print pricing, and "heterothetic pricing," where the digital price is set according to new rules. The French and American markets do not have the same propensity to overcome the pricing practices in the print book market: While the French market's e-book structure is mirroring that of the print book industry, die American market tends to be more independent. This can be explained by die significant structural, legal, and institutional differences between the publishing industries of both countries. In addition, some factors favor die "heterothetic" pricing method: the number of pages and the type of book influence the degree of differentiation between print and digital prices of the same title [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Recognition of 2003 TRANSACTIONS and Magazine Papers Reviewers.
- Subjects
- *
PERIODICALS , *COMMITTEES , *MEETINGS , *PUBLISHING - Abstract
The article focuses on reviewers of the journal "IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications," and the "IEEE Industry Application Magazine." These reviewers perform the vital function of peer review, without which publications would not find acceptance as quality journals. Working under the guidance of the Papers Review Chairs of various Technical Committees, the reviewers help select the best of the papers from numerous technical conferences for publication. Their comments guide the authors in making changes to improve their papers before final publication.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. La loi naturelle en éthique sociale (Partie 2) Un concept légitime et fondamental ou critiquable et irrecevable ?
- Author
-
Legendre, Marjorie
- Abstract
In this paper, divided in two parts, we are interested in exploring the concept of natural law (NL). This concept, to say it briefly, pretends that every human being, Christian or not Christians, has a certain degree of moral knowledge. The usefulness therefore of this notion, in the field of social ethics, is that it gives foundations for a possible and fruitful dialogue with not believers, that it allows us to hope that our "Christian" convictions may be shared and defended by others in society. However, it is not that simple. This paper will explore the way Catholics think NL and the critical questions it raises, and then will dip in the tumultuous history of this notion in protestant theology. This study, both historical, theological and biblical, will allow us to position ourselves as evangelicals as regard to this concept and, if it is legitimate, to see how to use apologetically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
37. La « cowboy ecology » revisitée. L'évolution des pratiques de pâturage et de conservation de la nature dans le sud de l'Arizona.
- Author
-
Lacuisse, Marie-Esther and Poupeau, Franck
- Abstract
Based on an empirical survey of rancher commitment in environmental programs in Southern Arizona, this paper analyzes the evolution of rangeland conservation practices and more broadly of natural resources management in semi-arid areas of the American West. Far from the image of the cowboy conquering and destroying the wilderness, which some environmental organizations still convey, it shows how ranchers get involved in ecological practices, enabling us to consider their social (re)valorization as conservation entrepreneurs empowered to co-produce ecological knowledge. In this perspective, the survey shows, (1) the way in which nature conservation programs no longer valorize the planning of 'wilderness areas', but rather collaborative programs based on working landscapes and, (2) the conditions for valorizing a kind of cowboy ecology that might contribute to the renewal of natural resource management and practices dedicated to nature conservation. The scientific originality of this paper is thus to outreach a 'political ecology of ranching', showing how the valorization of rancher knowledge and know-how fits into the renewal of rangeland ecological science and socio-economic transformations. It demonstrates that this ecological acknowledgment of ranching is due to the specific knowledge of the ranchers, which contributes solutions for the preservation of biodiversity that seem adapted to the environmental constraints of semi-arid areas. More broadly, it invites us to revisit the way in which cowboy ecology is now supported by administrative agents (and even environmentalists) to face ecological risks other than grazing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Etude préliminaire de la valorisation des boues de papeterie comme matières premières secondaires dans les mortiers de ciment Portland.
- Author
-
ELOuazzani, Dounya Chahidi, Mansouri, Khalifa, and Fokam, Christian Bopda
- Subjects
- *
PAPER mills , *PORTLAND cement , *MILLS & mill-work , *CEMENT , *MORTAR - Abstract
The recycling of paper mill sludges is increasing rapidly as far as the economical and positive environmental benefits are realised. The aim of the present work was to show if paper mill sludges could be used as a partial replacement of Portland cement in mortar without affecting their durability. Calcined at temperatures between 650°C and 800°C, the pozzolanic activity of ashes from paper mill sludges is improved because of the transformation of kaolinite in metakaolin. The mechanical characteristics of mortar containing 25% of these ashes appear comparable to standard mortar (containing 100% of Portland cement). The nature of the leaching does not affect the mechanical strength of mortars leached during 64 days. However, there is also a loss of compressive strength of mortars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
39. Les aliments industriels (hors laits et céréales) destinés aux nourrissons et enfants en bas âge : un progrès diététique ?
- Author
-
Ghisolfi, J., Bocquet, A., Bresson, J.-L., Briend, A., Chouraqui, J.-P., Darmaun, D., Dupont, C., Frelut, M.L., Girardet, J.-P., Goulet, O., Hankard, R., Rieu, D., Siméoni, U., Turck, D., and Vidailhet, M.
- Subjects
- *
INFANT nutrition , *PEDIATRICS , *BABY foods industry , *FOOD composition , *DAIRY products , *FOOD consumption , *INGESTION - Abstract
Résumé: Les aliments industriels destinés aux nourrissons (4–12 mois) et enfants en bas âge (1–3ans) (en dehors des laits infantiles et des céréales), dénommés aussi aliments pour bébés, se distinguent des aliments industriels non spécifiques conçus pour les adultes et des aliments courants par des critères stricts de composition et de sécurité sanitaire définis par la réglementation française et européenne. Évaluée en France à 89 666 tonnes en 2011 l’offre commerciale pour ces denrées vise à répondre à tous les besoins alimentaires des jeunes enfants : produits laitiers, denrées salées et sucrées, adaptés à l’âge (composition, texture, portions). Les aliments pour bébés ne représentent qu’une part modérée des apports alimentaires des 4–36 mois. Exprimés en pourcentage de l’apport énergétique total, ils constituent en moyenne 7 % de la consommation à 4–5 mois, 28 % à 6–7 mois, 27 % à 8–11 mois, 17 % à 12–17 mois, 11 % à 18–24 mois. Vingt-quatre pour cent des parents n’en donnent jamais à leur enfant, 13 % 1 à 3j/semaine et 63 % 4 à 7j/semaine. Même chez les gros consommateurs, les aliments pour bébés ont peu d’effets sur la qualité nutritionnelle du régime. Cependant, leur emploi retarde et diminue l’utilisation des aliments industriels non spécifiques, ce qui peut contribuer à réduire les risques nutritionnels et toxicologiques liés à la consommation de ces denrées chez les jeunes enfants. Si ces produits sont bien adaptés aux nourrissons et enfants en bas âge, ils doivent rester des aliments de sevrage et de complément à l’alimentation familiale ű faite maison Ƈ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Dis voir et oye tú en contraste: Des marqueurs de dire et de perception?
- Author
-
Gómez-Jordana Ferary, Sonia
- Subjects
- *
DISCOURSE markers - Abstract
The aim of this paper is to study the discourse marker in "dire" dis voir and its Spanish correspondent oye tú. We will look at the distributional and semantic-pragmatic values of dis voir in contemporary French, in order to verify its function in discourse. We will also provide a diachronic analysis that explains the traces of the old verbal locution. Contrary to what we might think, the Spanish equivalent does not start with a verb of saying but with the verb oír 'hear' – which also involves the interlocutor through the imperative and the second person singular – oye tú. We will see how, through a process of pragmaticalisation, the markers dis voir and oye tú cannot be considered strictly speaking as markers of speech or perception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Droit universel à la santé pour les populations migrantes vulnérables : un objectif d'efficience et une valeur à défendre pour les soins primaires.
- Author
-
Janczewski, Aurélie, Jego-Sablier, Maeva, and Khouani, Jérémy
- Subjects
- *
HEALTH systems agencies , *MENTAL health , *POLITICAL refugees , *POPULATION - Abstract
The World Health Organisation is positioning universal access and equity of care as criteria for assessing the performance of health systems. The United Nations is in favour of Universal Health Coverage, a 2030 objective. In France, it has been proposed to redefine the Aide Médicale d'État (AME), arguing that it would save budgetary resources. People in an irregular situation would have access to healthcare only for urgent medical situations. The state of health of all new arrivals is worrying, with a high incidence of physical and mental health problems. Among them, illegal immigrants and asylum seekers are particularly vulnerable. Only a small proportion of those eligible for the AME are reported to have opened their entitlements. This position paper explores the interactions between the universal right to health and the vulnerability of migrant populations. It proposes that primary healthcare should take care of these vulnerable populations, applying the principles of proportionate universalism, "outreach and doing-with". It warns that a reduction in the AME care would increase the number of people refusing care and worsen the state of health of the populations concerned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. LA DISPOSITION DE L'HOMME SUR SA CONDITION METAPHYSIQUE DANS L'HOMME REVOLTE D'ALBERT CAMUS.
- Author
-
Akese, Manasseh Teryima and Leval, Akpen Augustin
- Abstract
Our essay is entitled : « The Response of man to his metaphysical condition in The Rebel by Albert Camus. » The paper attempts to unveil the response of man to his metaphysical condition in the absurd world. Camus's philosophy depicts the irresolvable emptiness of man in his futile search for meaning and clarity in his existence. Man is perplexed and as such, runs to God, gods and goddesses, powers and principalities for help. His perplexity and futile search for meaning and help in his existence through metaphysical and telelogical creation constitute the problem of this study. As a response to this unabridged gap of the irresolvable emptiness, man in Camus's work is nehelist. He denies God, gods and goddesses and other powers that never find a lasting solution for his quest for meaning and clarity in the absurd world. We have adopted the analytic method to unfold mans response to his metaphysical condition. Our fundamental objective is to show how man in Camus's work takes a metaphysical revolt to react to his endless cycle of his futile search for meaning in the absurd world. The essay has adopts the philosophy of absurdity to human confrotation in the search of meaning and clarity. In addition, the essay has adopted the sociological approach to look at man's relationship with his universe. We have discovered that man in Camus's universe has taken a metapysical revolt as a response to his endless cycles of futile search for meaning and clarity. He is nihilist and confrontational. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
43. L'enseignant·e d'EPS au prisme de la « question trans » en milieu scolaire: Un·e professionnel·le « hors-pairs » dans la prise en compte des transidentités à l'école ?
- Author
-
POUY-BIDARD, BASTIEN
- Abstract
At a time when national education professionals are being asked to take "trans" students into account in the school environment, scientific papers on adults within the school is timidly emerging in the field of trans studies in education. As heuristic as these studies may be, it must be noted that this research very often considers academic actors as a monolithic entity, depriving the reader of a finer understanding of the difficulties they face. In PE, an eminently gendered discipline where norms are (de)constructed in action, are teachers true "out-of-peer" educators when it comes to welcoming a "trans" student? This article suggests investigating the place and role of teachers in this discipline in the light of the "trans issue" by placing their practices in perspective with those of their colleagues in the French national education system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. CANON ET ANTI-CANON (II): CONTESTATION DE LA STRUCTURE.
- Author
-
BRAGA, Corin
- Subjects
- *
CANON (Literature) , *TWENTIETH century , *WESTERN civilization , *POETICS , *CONCORD , *TAXICABS - Abstract
The poetic principles defined by Aristotle in his Poetics gave birth to an aesthetic tradition which dominated Western culture and literature up until the twentieth century. All his successors believed that, in order to achieve literary value and public acclaim, a text should comply with criteria such as unity of the subject (mythos), harmony of the parts (taxis), clear inclusive meaning (dianoia), etc. - in other words, structure. However, many authors departed from this ideal and gave free rein to their fantasy, conceiving plethoric, multi-layered, anarchic works, which tended to be, most often than not, excluded from the literary canon. During the twentieth century, with the modern and then the postmodern turn, not only the practical creative Aristotelian rules, but also the very idea of structure was contested. In this paper I make a survey of some of the main critical thinkers who opposed Aristotle’s model of closed works: M. Bakhtin, C.-L. Strauss, J. Derrida, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, U. Eco, F. Moretti, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. LA COMMUNICATION PEDAGOGIQUE MEDIATISEE: ATOUTS ET DEFIS EN CLASSE DE LANGUE.
- Author
-
Belahrache, Abdelhafid and Lamihi, Ahmed
- Subjects
- *
TEACHER-student relationships , *TEACHER role , *AUTHENTIC learning - Abstract
Les transformations socio-éducatives que le monde a connues pendant et au lendemain de la Covid-19 ont exigé une nouvelle pensée professionnelle, une grande mobilité des outils numériques, une orientation vers la mise en oeuvre des processus de socialisation et de professionnalisation de l'individu, l'humanisation et la démocratisation du processus pédagogique. En effet, l'école est appelée à adapter et repenser sa structure et ses pratiques pour permettre aux individus d'accomplir leurs actuelles et futures fonctions dans la société. À cet égard, les réalisations professionnelles et sociales d'une personne dépendent largement des compétences professionnelles et des compétences de communication en particulier. Les compétences en communication constituent des compétences importantes des acteurs en action (enseignant et apprenants). Elles assurent l'accomplissement des fonctions de la communication pédagogique, le contenu de l'activité pédagogique et donnent une idée du niveau de culture professionnelle et communicative de ces acteurs éducatifs. L'introduction des outils numériques, didacticiels ou en ligne (plateformes) dans la communication pédagogique, a généré de nouvelles pratiques et un changement de relation enseignant-apprenant. Dans cette communication, nous étudierons le rapport des TIC à la communication pédagogique à l'ère et post COVID-19, ainsi que la relation enseignant (tuteur) et l'apprenant dans une communication pédagogique médiatisée en classe de langue. Et ce, en s'appuyant sur des enquêtes et des rapports des recherches menées dans le contexte marocain. The socio-educational transformations experienced by the world during and in the aftermath of Covid-19 have called for new professional thinking, a high degree of mobility for digital tools, an orientation towards the implementation of processes for the socialization and professionalization of the individual, and the humanization and democratization of the pedagogical process. Indeed, schools are called upon to adapt and rethink their structure and practices to enable individuals to fulfill their current and future roles in society. In this respect, a person's professional and social achievements largely depend on professional skills and communication skills in particular. Communication skills are important competencies for actors in action (teachers and learners). They ensure the fulfillment of pedagogical communication functions, the content of pedagogical activity and give an idea of the level of professional and communicative culture of these educational actors. The introduction of digital tools, whether courseware or online (platforms) in pedagogical communication, has generated new practices and a change in the teacher-learner relationship. In this paper, we will study the relationship between ICT and pedagogical communication in the post COVID-19 era, as well as the teacher (tutor) and learner relationship in mediated pedagogical communication in the language classroom. All this is based on surveys and research reports carried out in the Moroccan context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Actualité des premiers textes de Ferenczi
- Author
-
Oppenheim-Gluckman, Hélène
- Subjects
- *
REGRESSION (Psychology) , *TRAUMATISM , *HERMENEUTICS , *PSYCHOANALYSIS , *HUMAN body - Abstract
Abstract: Ferenczi produced elaborations on the regression, the traumatism, the transference and counter transference which question deeply the practice of the cure. His first texts (1908–1912) ask still current clinical questions (on the status of the interpretation and on the place of the body and of the acting in the cures, on the status of the language) and open the way to the elaborations of other psychoanalysts. They will be used as a point of departure of our reflection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Conference Papers.
- Author
-
Rubio, François
- Published
- 2004
48. Conference paper. Opening statement by His Excellency Mr Lamine Sidime, Prime Minister of Guinea.
- Author
-
SIDIME, LAMINE
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Conference papers. Droits de l'homme, souveraineté de l'état et protection des réfugiés en Afrique.
- Author
-
Dieng, Adama
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Lutte biologique et biocontrôle : un besoin de clarification.
- Author
-
Deguine, Jean-Philippe
- Subjects
- *
PLANT protection , *BIOLOGICAL products , *TERMS & phrases - Abstract
Biocontrol (biological control) and "biocontrôle" (which can be translated into English as "Bioprotection") are concepts of crop protection that have common points but also have their specificities. The former has been known since the 1880s, while the latter appeared in the French landscape in the 2010s. In recent years, there has been regular confusion in the terms and interpretations of these concepts, which are not of the same nature: biocontrol is defined by strategies and "biocontrôle" by products. This paper therefore aims to respond to a need for clarification: it contributes to distinguishing the perimeters and contents of these concepts, to pointing out certain abusive comparisons and to proposing semantic clarifications. It reviews the English and French terms related to biocontrol and "biocontrôle" (Bioprotection) at the European level. Finally, the paper discusses the role and relevance of the two concepts in agroecological crop protection (ACP). Conservation biocontrol has a central place in ACP, as it is based on a systemic and preventive approach to crop pest risks. While some bioproducts are promising for the prevention of pest risks, many of them are part of a curative approach, similar to the use of synthetic chemical pesticides, with the same types of commercial spin-offs for the agro-industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.