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Abstract: Drawing is a preferential mode for trauma-affected children, for expressing emotions, as it gives them the possibility of conveying the complexity of traumatic feelings, perceptions, thoughts and memories, by giving them a shape and, therefore, a sense. Notwithstanding these assumptions, the efficacy of art therapies with children exposed to natural disasters, has not been research-proved. This paper presents a pilot study on the use of the “Test de trois dessins : avant, pendant et avenir”, as a diagnostic tool and a therapeutic technique, with children victims of the earthquake that affected the Italian region of Abruzzi, on the 6th April 2009. The analysis of case studies demonstrates the efficacy of the test in both detecting the presence and the extent of the psychological trauma, and in enhancing the process of trauma recovery. Further researches, which may use qualitative and quantitative methodological tools, need to be done in order to validate the use of the “Test de trois dessins : avant, pendant et avenir” as a validated technique with children experiencing disasters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this paper we will present the most important legal aspect regarding the illegal immigration related to the human trafficking. These aspects will be presented from Italian law point of view: legal definition, concept of trafficking, objective element of the offence, attempt to enter the territory of another State (art. 3 no. 6 Italian Law 75/58), necessity of unique legislation regarding trafficking, providing a temporary home and a temporary job, means, vehicles, sequester and other procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study presents a distinct chapter in the history of Romanian-Italian diplomatic relations, focusing on the recognition of Romania's independence. The Berlin Peace Treaty (1878) recognized Romania's independence, provided that the country granted political rights to non-Christians (Art. 44) and accepted the exchange of territory between Bessarabia and Dobruja (Art. 45). In its Article 7, the Romanian Constitution only recognized the political rights of its Christian citizens. In October 1878, the Parliament ratified the territorial clauses of the Berlin Treaty and amended the fundamental law of the country. The paper presents the efforts undertaken by the Romanian diplomats, focusing on the relation with Italy. They eventually managed to gain recognition for the country's independence (December 1879), and the Romanian diplomatic agency in Roma was given the status of foreign legation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Background: In May 1978, was voted Law 180, forbidding any new admission in Italian mental hospitals. Many authors set it as an example to be followed in other countries; others contradict this point of view. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the Italian psychiatric revolution in retrospect thirty years later. Method: Several articles and books written by stakeholders and by social researchers were reviewed. Results: The occurrence of the Italian psychiatric revolution cannot be understood without considering the backward situation of mental care in Italy at the time. Changes began before 1978 but were accelerated and shaped by the law. However, some flaws of the previous system have remained over time, most of all, the North-South gap. Discussion: Three points are specially original in Italy and need to be considered before advocating a similar law in another country: first, phasing out psychiatric hospitals went along with difficult problems, second in Italy, local human action is very important, so that implementation of such a law is a bottom-up process, and third, the history of the Italian mental care system has created in the general population a lower propensity to seek care than in other countries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]