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The use of social media platforms is undoubtedly part of everyday life for most people and consequently, the threshold for using social media data as a source of research has also been lowered in many different disciplines. However, source critical processing of social media data often focuses on examining either technical or cultural influences, depending on the researchers'discipline, although social media data is always the result of a combination of both. To facilitate the diverse source critical processing of social media data, this paper presents a social media contextualization model. The model specifies the different contexts, such as the culturo-historical background of the different platforms, and affordances that define the possible uses of a platform and consequently affect social media data. In addition, the paper presents practical examples of how different affordances and contexts can be reflected in social media platforms and data, and why researchers should take them into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a study on two kinds of nominal expressions containing the morpheme -kin, the pronouns composed of a stem (jo-, ku-, mi-) and the suffix -kin, and the NP=kin construction in which -kin is a clitic focus particle attached to an independent noun. The starting point is the assumption that the pronouns with the suffix -kin have something in common with the NP=kin construction with respect to their referential properties. The analysis is based on the concept of scanning (Fr. parcours), defined as designating an operation that consists in going through items of a class without stopping at anyone. In addition to the simple pronouns jokin 'something', kukin 'each one', attention is paid to the two-part expressions with distributive meaning, such as milloin mikin 'at different times, different things'. The paper aims to show that the concept of scanning makes it also possible to shed light on the meaning and discourse functions of the NP=kin construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the practices of data preservation and data sharing among the customers of the National Library of Finland (NLF). The research is based on a survey, which was made to gather information for developing the research services of the NLF as a part of Digital Open Memory project (funded by ERDF). The focus of the survey was on the users of digital material. Among many other questions, respondents were asked how they preserved their data during the research and what they did with their data after the research. The respondents were given an opportunity to comment on their willingness to share their data and to discuss the questions that affected their choices with their data. Mostly, the respondents preserved the data on their own personal use even though they were usually willing to share the data with others either from the beginning of the research or whenever there was a change for sharing. The results found in this survey indicated that the practices of data sharing among the customers of the NLF were quite similar to the practices found in studies concerning social sciences and humanities scholars internationally: only approximately 20 per cent of researchers deposited their material to a data repository after their research. Verbal answers and comments gave valuable information on the obstacles of data sharing, e.g. that the traditional methods of humanities studies produced data which was understandable only to the researchers themselves, or that the data was gathered from many different sources which were difficult to combine. The survey indicated that there is an obvious need to provide more concrete support for the researchers who are working with the digital data collected from the NLF services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Projective spatial grams ('in front of', 'to the right of', 'above') localize Figure (F) in a three-dimensional coordinate system with Ground (G) as its origin. This paper addresses the compatibility of Finnish projective grams with degree modifiers (DM). DMs comprise two types: a) open-scale DMs ('somewhat', 'rather', 'very') and b) closed-scale DMs ('almost', 'quite', 'completely'). Three types of scalar meaning are observed. The first one (1) applies when F is inside G, and the scalar conceptualization is based on a decreasing distance between F and one extremity of the inside of G. In type (1), both open- and closed-scale DMs are felicitous. The two other types concern situations in which F is outside G and the scalar meaning is based on either (2) a decreasing distance between F and G or (3) an increasing preciseness of F's alignment on an axis. In (2) and (3), only closed-scale DMs are felicitous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper determines the main characteristics of the pledge analyzing constitutionality judgments made in respect of Article 206 of the General Procedural Code; specified the nature of the institution as a requirement of the claim and the plea, as a piece of evidence, as a parameter for imposing sanctions, and establishes its relation with the principle of congruence; the requirements of the pledge; scenarios of application in civil law; and finally alludes to the sanctions and the possibilities of interpretation around its imposition and quantification, in order to establish how the sanction should be quantified under the principle of favorability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European Conference on Information Literacy (ECIL) was this year organised in France, Saint-Malo in September 2017. The main theme of the conference was workplace information literacy. In this report, the authors discuss in depth the main topic of the conference. There is also included a brief description of the current state and interest on the information literacy research based on the conference papers presented at the conference. The next ECIL will be in Oulu, Finland on September 24-27, 2018. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the organization of records and archives management in the middle of 1810s at the Senate, i. e. the supreme administrative board of the Grand Duchy of Finland, belonging to the Russian Empire. Also the reasons why the creation of the position of an archivist at the Senate was proposed by the Senate to the Emperor-Grand Duke Alexander I are dealt with. Likewise the administrative process resulting in the appointment of the first archivist is described. The new position of archivist at the Senate formed the embryo of the National Archives of Finland in our days. The international, especially Swedish and Russian background, to the establishment of this position is also described. It becomes evident why the new position got the title "archivist" (in Swedish: arkivarie), not "actuary" (in Swedish: aktuarie). In the Russian administration an archivist was responsible for the preservation of noncurrent and semi-current records but in the Swedish administration this title was very seldom used in the beginning of the 19th century. There actuaries were in charge of the preservation of noncurrent and semi-current records. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The word serendipity is a neologism coined by Horace Walpole, an English novelist in 1754. It means the accidental discovery of something valuable. Discovery by chance has been a common occurrence in the history of science for a long time, but only since the 1990's has it been the focus of interest in information studies. Serendipity is not just a "happy accident", it can be influenced and cultivated. Nevertheless it can be unreliable. The purpose of the paper is to explore the history and concept of serendipity, it's nature and usage in physical and digital information environments. This is done through carrying out a systematic literature review on information searching and serendipity. Serendipity may be viewed from multiple perspectives including the models of information searching. Serendipity is an important part of our everyday life. This underlines the study of serendipity also as an important research subject within the information studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report summarises the papers and discussions presented at the Scholarly Journals and Research Data Seminar organised by the Federation of Finnish Learned Societies and the Finnish Association for Scholarly Publishing in February 2017. Stricter policies on storing research data in repositories and opening it are now being implemented. In fact, 27 per cent of research funders now require data archiving, including the Academy of Finland. The seminar brought together funders, researchers and representatives from journals and data archives to discuss how archiving and opening data should be carried out and the role played by journals. The questions asked included: Should journals require their authors to link their text to research data or should they only encourage such action? Should journals guide their authors to use central national or international data archives or should they establish their own separate data repositories, for example in connection with the Finnish national data service IDA? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a new model of organizational information and knowledge processes as a knowledge management framework in health care. Effective knowledge management enables the health organizations to reach their goals. In modern health care the empowered patients are active partners, whose preferences and needs should be taken into account to create value. Value is defined as benefits for both the patients and the health care organizations. The aim is to identify what information and knowledge processes be identified in health care, how are the patients involved with these processes and do the processes create value for the patients. The qualitative case study was conducted in two Finnish University Hospital districts in integrated care pathways of childhood obesity. The findings indicate that the patients and families involvement in the information and knowledge processes was modest and creation of patient value was not completely fulfilled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data consisting of 3168 12-22 year old Finnish youths' technology usage habits and test results concerning information seeking are analysed in this paper. The research objective was to find out Finnish youths' information literacy skills in locating, searching and evaluating information. Research Unit for the Sociology of Education has developed a test for detecting different forms of ICT usage, recording self-evaluations about ICT skills and particulary finding out the actual ICT skills by means of tasks related to 18 different fields of ICT. In the information retrieval tasks the adolescents had to choose the right search channel, form an appropriate search phrase and finally evaluate the search results. The results indicate that the overall information seeking skills among youths are insufficient. Boys perform better than girls in tasks which require locating information resources, girls in their turn in evaluating search results. Both genders are mainly unable to produce correct and comprehensive search closures. The analysis focuses especially on those technology usage targets which are associated with both skilled and poor information literacy. Those who perform well in information seeking tasks are more active users of digital technology than the others, use more actively new media services and use technology as a tool for making their own content or for searching information and following current events online. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is based on the author's doctoral dissertation about socially withdrawn people and their information needs and practices. The data used for this paper was gathered from a Finnish discussion forum ("Hikikomero" under the domain Ylilauta.org) for socially withdrawn people and it consists of 6 910 forum posts. In this study the focus is the types of information that were recognized from the collected data. Because values, legislation and norms have an effect on the information seeking process, information needs and the answers given can also be studied from that aspect. The research showed that the distinction between misinformation and disinformation is not sufficient when classifying information needs and given answers in light of societal norms. The analysis of the discussion group posts clearly indicated that the information needs fall into two separate categories: one where the needs adhere to the norms and values of society and another where societal values are opposed. Therefore a new concept was drawn for dividing information: Normative and disnormative information. The former supports the values and norms of society, the latter opposes them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]