73 results
Search Results
2. Immigration and welfare magnets.
- Author
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Borjas GJ
- Subjects
- Americas, Developed Countries, Economics, Financial Management, Financing, Government, Geography, North America, Population, Population Dynamics, Transients and Migrants, United States, Demography, Emigration and Immigration, Public Assistance, Social Welfare
- Abstract
"This paper investigates if the location choices made by immigrants when they arrive in the United States are influenced by the interstate dispersion in welfare benefits. Income-maximizing behavior implies that foreign-born welfare recipients unlike their native-born counterparts, may be clustered in the states that offer the highest benefits. The empirical analysis indicates that immigrant welfare recipients are indeed more heavily clustered in high-benefit states than the immigrants who do not receive welfare, or than natives. As a result, the welfare participation rate of immigrants is much more sensitive to changes in welfare benefits than that of natives.", (excerpt)
- Published
- 1998
3. The educational attainment of immigrants: trends and implications.
- Author
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Betts JR and Lofstrom M
- Subjects
- Americas, Demography, Developed Countries, Economics, North America, Population, Population Dynamics, Research, Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors, Transients and Migrants, United States, Educational Status, Emigration and Immigration, Income
- Abstract
"This paper uses the 1970, 1980, and 1990 U.S. Censuses to study trends in educational attainment of immigrants relative to natives. Immigrants have become relatively less highly educated, but have become more highly educated in an absolute sense. The effects of changes in relative educational attainment between immigrants and natives on earnings are studied. Educational differences are found to explain more than half the observed wage gap between the two groups. The paper also allows for non-linearities in returns to education. Sheepskin effects influence earnings in different ways for natives and immigrants. Differences in returns to pre- and post-migration education also appear. The paper also finds evidence that immigrants crowd natives out of education, although the effects are stronger in secondary than in postsecondary education.", (excerpt)
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. The changing skill of new immigrants to the United States: recent trends and their determinants.
- Author
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Jasso G, Rosenzweig MR, and Smith JP
- Subjects
- Americas, Demography, Developed Countries, North America, Population, Population Dynamics, United States, Emigration and Immigration, Public Policy, Transients and Migrants
- Abstract
"The objective of this paper is to describe and understand the determinants of changes in the number and quality of new legal immigrants to the United States over the last 25 years. Our main interest is in understanding the behavioral response of potential immigrants to changes in the U.S. immigration law regime (as well as in the origin-country determinants of demand for immigration to the United States) and how these affect and have affected the skill composition of immigrants.... [The authors] assembled a new data set based on annual INS records of all new, legal immigrants over the period 1972 through 1995.... Inspection of our new data indicates that since the mid 1980s the average skill of new, U.S. legal immigrants has been rising relative to that of the U.S. population. An econometric analysis of a panel of country-specific measures of the skill of immigrants based on these data over the period 1972-1992 indicates that these changes are due in part to changes in immigration law and to the overall rise in the real purchasing power of countries outside the United States.", (excerpt)
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Primary, return and onward migration in the U.S. and Canada: is there a difference?
- Author
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Newbold KB
- Subjects
- Americas, Canada, Demography, Developed Countries, North America, Population, Population Dynamics, Research, United States, Emigration and Immigration
- Abstract
"Using microdata sources available from the U.S. Census Bureau and Statistics Canada, this paper contrasts primary, return and onward migration in the two countries. These classifications are based on information on the region (state or province) of birth and region of residence at the start and end of the census period. To study the propensities to make a primary, return or onward migration, rates are calculated...and compared with previous census periods. Analysis reveals that both countries have experienced similar temporal patterns, and that primary, return and onward migration patterns tend to be similar. Analysis using a nested logit model further reveals that return and onward migration in both countries can be similarly explained." Data are from the Public Use Micro Sample (PUMS) for the United States and the Public Use Micro File (PUMF) for Canada., (excerpt)
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. How much do immigration and trade affect labor market outcomes?
- Author
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Borjas GJ, Freeman RB, and Katz LF
- Subjects
- Americas, Demography, Developed Countries, Economics, Health Workforce, North America, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Socioeconomic Factors, Transients and Migrants, United States, Commerce, Emigration and Immigration, Employment, Ethnicity, Income, Social Class
- Abstract
"This paper provides new estimates of the impact of immigration and trade on the U.S. labor market.... We examine the relation between economic outcomes for native workers and immigrant flows to regional labor markets.... We...use the factor proportions approach to examine the contributions of immigration and trade to recent changes in U.S. educational wage differentials and attempt to provide a broader assessment of the impact of immigration on the incomes of U.S. natives." Comments and discussion by John DiNardo, John M. Abowd, and others are included (pp. 68-85)., (excerpt)
- Published
- 1997
7. The effect of migration on ages at vital events: a critique of family reconstitution in historical demography.
- Author
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Kasakoff AB and Adams JW
- Subjects
- Americas, Developed Countries, Family, Family Characteristics, North America, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Research, Social Sciences, United States, Age Factors, Demography, Emigration and Immigration, Genealogy and Heraldry, Marriage, Models, Theoretical, Mortality, Social Change
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Immigration reform in France and the United States: reflections and documentation.
- Author
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Wenden CW and Costa-lascoux J
- Subjects
- Americas, Demography, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, Europe, France, North America, Population, Population Dynamics, United States, Emigration and Immigration, Politics, Public Policy, Transients and Migrants
- Published
- 1984
9. Is the new immigration less skilled than the old?
- Author
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Chiswick BR
- Subjects
- Americas, Demography, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, Economics, Educational Status, Employment, Income, North America, Population, Population Dynamics, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Emigration and Immigration, Politics, Public Policy, Transients and Migrants
- Published
- 1986
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Dimensions of the new immigration to the United States and the prospects for assimilation.
- Author
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Massey DS
- Subjects
- Americas, Demography, Developed Countries, Family Characteristics, Fertility, Marriage, North America, Population, Population Dynamics, Residence Characteristics, Social Change, United States, Emigration and Immigration, Transients and Migrants
- Published
- 1981
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Patterns of net migration by age for U.S. counties 1950-1980: the impact of increasing spatial differentiation by life cycle.
- Author
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Mueser PR, White MJ, and Tierney JP
- Subjects
- Americas, Developed Countries, Family, Family Characteristics, North America, Population, Population Characteristics, United States, Age Distribution, Age Factors, Demography, Emigration and Immigration, Geography, Life Cycle Stages, Population Dynamics, Suburban Population, Time Factors, Urban Population
- Published
- 1988
12. Migration of highly-skilled workers: personal perspectives.
- Author
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Oleribe OO and de la Fuente RA
- Subjects
- Demography, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, Health Workforce, Humans, Population Dynamics, United States, Emigration and Immigration, Transients and Migrants
- Abstract
Recently, one of the authors and his family migrated from Nigeria to take up employment in the United States of America and the other from Spain to the United Kingdom. Both journeys have been ones of mixed feelings, as we have both reaped rewards, but have experienced significant hardships. The migration of skilled workers has been ongoing for centuries and seems set to continue. Individuals who embark on such journeys become entangled with a lot of hopes and expectations, some of which may be unfounded. However, there are several benefits and drawbacks to migration from source nations into any of the advanced receiver countries. In this paper, we share our experience as highly-skilled workers and hope that this will help stimulate other individuals who have embarked on this journey or are yet to commence the process. We also hope that this paper will inform policy direction, employers´ attitudes, and community response to highly-skilled immigrant workers., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright: Obinna Ositadimma Oleribe et al.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Understanding US Immigration Detention: Reaffirming Rights and Addressing Social-Structural Determinants of Health.
- Author
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Saadi A, De Trinidad Young ME, Patler C, Estrada JL, and Venters H
- Subjects
- Humans, Prisons, Public Health, United States, Emigrants and Immigrants, Emigration and Immigration, Human Rights, Jails standards, Social Determinants of Health
- Abstract
A crisis of mass immigration detention exists in the United States, which is home to the world's largest immigration detention system. The immigration detention system is legally classified as civil, rather than criminal, and therefore non-punitive. Yet it mimics the criminal incarceration system and holds detained individuals in punitive, prison-like conditions. Within immigration detention centers, there are increasing reports and recognition of civil and human rights abuses, including preventable in-custody deaths. In this paper, we propose understanding the health impacts of detention as an accumulation of mental and physical trauma that take place during the entirety of a detained immigrant's experience, from migration to potential deportation and removal. Further, we explore the social-structural determinants of health as they relate to immigration detention, contextualize these determinants within a human rights framework, and draw parallels to the larger context of US mass incarceration. Realizing the right to health requires addressing these social-structural determinants of health. For the care of immigrant patients to be effective, clinicians and public health professionals must incorporate an awareness of the health risks of the immigration detention system into trauma- and human rights-informed models of care during and after detention., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (Copyright © 2020 Saadi, Young, Patler, Estrada, and Venters.)
- Published
- 2020
14. Migration to the US among rural Puerto Ricans who inject drugs: influential factors, sources of support, and challenges for harm reduction interventions.
- Author
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Abadie R, Habecker P, Gelpi-Acosta C, and Dombrowski K
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Harm Reduction, Hispanic or Latino statistics & numerical data, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Puerto Rico ethnology, Risk Factors, Social Support, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Emigration and Immigration statistics & numerical data, Hispanic or Latino psychology, Rural Population statistics & numerical data, Substance Abuse, Intravenous ethnology
- Abstract
Background: While PWID of Puerto Rican origin have been migrating to the US for decades, the range of factors influencing their migration to the US and the resources they draw on to do so are not well understood. This is particularly true for rural Puerto Rican PWID, and the present study is the first empirical research to document migration patterns among this population. The specificities of their migration raise important challenges that need to be documented in order to implement more effective harm reduction policies at home (Puerto Rico) and abroad (US)., Methods: This paper draws from data obtained employing a modified NHBS survey which was administered to (N =296) PWID in four rural municipalities of Puerto Rico with participants 18 years or older. The primary dependent variables for this paper are the number of times a person has lived in the continental US, and if they are planning on moving to the continental US in the future., Results: Findings suggest that 65% of the sample reported ever lived in the US and that 49% are planning on moving in the future. The number of times living in the US is associated with higher education and older age, but not with self-reported positive HIV or HCV statuses. Planning to move to the US is associated with knowing PWID who have moved or plan to move, negatively associated with age, and is not associated with HIV or HCV status. Around one third of those that lived in the US reported having some sort of support, with the majority receiving support from family sources. No participant received help to enter HIV/HCV treatment., Conclusions: A multi-region approach to prevention is required to make a dent in curbing HIV/HCV transmission in this population. Understanding PWID migration patterns, risk behaviors, and health care needs in the US is now more important than ever as natural disasters prompted by human-made climate change will only increase in the future, raising demands not only for service providers but also harm reduction policies to cope with an increasing influx of "climate refugees" as PWID move across national borders.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Undocumented Patients in the Emergency Department: Challenges and Opportunities.
- Author
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Samra S, Taira BR, Pinheiro E, Trotzky-Sirr R, and Schneberk T
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, United States, Emergency Service, Hospital statistics & numerical data, Emigrants and Immigrants legislation & jurisprudence, Emigration and Immigration statistics & numerical data, Health Policy, Health Services Accessibility organization & administration, Undocumented Immigrants legislation & jurisprudence
- Abstract
In the United States, undocumented residents face unique barriers to healthcare access that render them disproportionately dependent on the emergency department (ED) for care. Consequently, ED providers are integral to the health of this vulnerable population. Yet special considerations, both clinical and social, generally fall outside the purview of the emergency medicine curriculum. This paper serves as a primer on caring for undocumented patients in the ED, includes a conceptual framework for immigration as a social determinant of health, reviews unique clinical considerations, and finally suggests a blueprint for immigration-informed emergency care.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Understanding age variations in the migrant mortality advantage: An international comparative perspective.
- Author
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Guillot M, Khlat M, Elo I, Solignac M, and Wallace M
- Subjects
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Female, France, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, United Kingdom, United States, Emigration and Immigration, Mortality, Social Conditions, Transients and Migrants
- Abstract
This paper investigates age variations in foreign-born vs. native-born mortality ratios in an international comparative perspective, with the purpose of gaining insight into the mechanisms underlying the so-called migrant mortality advantage. We examine the four main explanations that have been proposed in the literature for the migrant mortality advantage (i.e., in-migration selection effects, out-migration selection effects, cultural effects, and data artifacts), and formulate expectations as to whether they should generate an increase, a decrease, or no change in relative mortality over the life course. Using data from France, the US and the UK for periods around 2010, we then examine typical age patterns of foreign-born vs. native-born mortality ratios in light of this theoretical framework. We find that these mortality ratios vary greatly by age, with important similarities across migrant groups and host countries. The most systematic age pattern we find is a U-shape pattern: at the aggregate level, migrants often experience excess mortality at young ages, then exhibit a large advantage at adult ages (with the largest advantage around age 45), and finally experience mortality convergence with natives at older ages. The explanation most consistent with this pattern is the "in-migration selection effects" explanation. By contrast, the "out-migration selection effects" explanation is poorly supported by the observed patterns. Our age disaggregation also shows that migrants at mid-adult ages experience mortality advantages that are often far greater than typically documented in this literature. Overall, these results reinforce the notion that migrants are a highly-selected population exhibiting mortality patterns that poorly reflect their living conditions in host countries., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Immigrants in the one percent: The national origin of top wealth owners.
- Author
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Keister LA and Aronson B
- Subjects
- Ethnicity, Humans, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Emigrants and Immigrants, Emigration and Immigration, Income, Social Class
- Abstract
Background: Economic inequality in the United States is extreme, but little is known about the national origin of affluent households. Households in the top one percent by total wealth own vastly disproportionate quantities of household assets and have correspondingly high levels of economic, social, and political influence. The overrepresentation of white natives (i.e., those born in the U.S.) among high-wealth households is well-documented, but changing migration dynamics suggest that a growing portion of top households may be immigrants., Methods: Because no single survey dataset contains top wealth holders and data about country of origin, this paper uses two publicly-available data sets: the Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) and the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP). Multiple imputation is used to impute country of birth from the SIPP into the SCF. Descriptive statistics are used to demonstrate reliability of the method, to estimate the prevalence of immigrants among top wealth holders, and to document patterns of asset ownership among affluent immigrants., Results: Significant numbers of top wealth holders who are usually classified as white natives may be immigrants. Many top wealth holders appear to be European and Canadian immigrants, and increasing numbers of top wealth holders are likely from Asia and Latin America as well. Results suggest that of those in the top one percent of wealth holders, approximately 3% are European and Canadian immigrants, .5% are from Mexico or Cuban, and 1.7% are from Asia (especially Hong Kong, Taiwan, Mainland China, and India). Ownership of key assets varies considerably across affluent immigrant groups., Conclusion: Although the percentage of top wealth holders who are immigrants is relatively small, these percentages represent large numbers of households with considerable resources and corresponding social and political influence. Evidence that the propensity to allocate wealth to real and financial assets varies across immigrant groups suggests that wealth ownership is more global than previous research suggests and that immigrant groups are likely to become more prevalent in top wealth positions in the U.S. As the representation of immigrants in top wealth positions grows, their economic, social, and political influence is likely to increase as well.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. 'Liting it up': Popular culture, Indo-Pak basketball, and South Asian American institutions
- Author
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Thangaraj, Stanley
- Published
- 2010
19. The emergence of regional immigrant concentrations in USA and Australia: a spatial relatedness approach.
- Author
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Novotny J and Hasman J
- Subjects
- Australia, Humans, United States, Emigrants and Immigrants, Emigration and Immigration trends, Human Migration trends, Population
- Abstract
This paper examines the patterns of the US and Australian immigration geography and the process of regional population diversification and the emergence of new immigrant concentrations at the regional level. It presents a new approach in the context of human migration studies, focusing on spatial relatedness between individual foreign-born groups as revealed from the analysis of their joint spatial concentrations. The approach employs a simple assumption that the more frequently the members of two population groups concentrate in the same locations the higher is the probability that these two groups can be related. Based on detailed data on the spatial distribution of foreign-born groups in US counties (2000-2010) and Australian postal areas (2006-2011) we firstly quantify the spatial relatedness between all pairs of foreign-born groups and model the aggregate patterns of US and Australian immigration systems conceptualized as the undirected networks of foreign-born groups linked by their spatial relatedness. Secondly, adopting a more dynamic perspective, we assume that immigrant groups with higher spatial relatedness to those groups already concentrated in a region are also more likely to settle in this region in future. As the ultimate goal of the paper, we examine the power of spatial relatedness measures in projecting the emergence of new immigrant concentrations in the US and Australian regions. The results corroborate that the spatial relatedness measures can serve as useful instruments in the analysis of the patterns of population structure and prediction of regional population change. More generally, this paper demonstrates that information contained in spatial patterns (relatedness in space) of population composition has yet to be fully utilized in population forecasting.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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20. Migration within China and from China to the USA: the effects of migration networks, selectivity, and the rural political economy in Fujian Province.
- Author
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Liang Z and Chunyu MD
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, China, Educational Status, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, United States, Young Adult, Emigration and Immigration, Politics, Rural Population
- Abstract
This paper tests a new strategy for simultaneously studying internal migration within, and international migration from, China. Our theoretical discussion draws on ideas from migration-networks theory and studies of the transition to a market-oriented economy. Data collection is modelled on the Mexican Migration Project. We find that education is more important in initiating internal migration than international migration. Second, although the role of migration networks at a community level seems similar to that for Mexico-USA migration, the networks at a family level show a different pattern. Third, there is evidence that internal and international migration are competing options. Finally, we find that individuals with cadres (public officials) in the family are less likely to undertake internal migration, but more likely to participate in international migration, a finding that highlights the continuing significance of the cadres in coastal rural China.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Leprosy and stigma in the context of international migration.
- Author
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White C
- Subjects
- Aged, Brazil ethnology, Discrimination, Psychological, Focus Groups, Humans, Leprosy ethnology, Male, Mexico ethnology, Middle Aged, Social Perception, United States, Vietnam ethnology, Work, Emigration and Immigration, Leprosy psychology, Prejudice, Stereotyping
- Abstract
If it can be argued that no single attribute or condition (leprosy included) is inherently or universally considered to be 'deeply discrediting,' to quote Goffman, then we must consider how external factors shape stigma associated with that condition in different cultural and socioeconomic contexts. Often, an analysis of what is perceived to be stigma towards people affected by leprosy uncovers other prejudices or stigmatising attitudes associated with class, gender, and/or ethnic inequalities in that society. The movement of people across international borders adds new dimensions to the experience of leprosy, as affected individuals confront different sets of understandings of the disease among healthcare professionals, friends, family, and employers in host and sending countries. Preconceptions of the immigrant 'other' in host countries may be bound up with notions of disease and danger, further complicating the experience of leprosy treatment for immigrants. Drawing on the work of others and on early stage qualitative research on leprosy among Brazilian immigrants to the United States, this paper will consider the ways in which immigration and transnational processes could affect the experience of stigma among immigrants affected by leprosy.
- Published
- 2011
22. Immigrant residential segregation in U.S. metropolitan areas, 1990-2000.
- Author
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Iceland J and Scopilliti M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Black or African American, Asian, Attitude, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Socioeconomic Factors, Time Factors, United States, White People, Acculturation, Cultural Diversity, Emigrants and Immigrants statistics & numerical data, Emigration and Immigration, Ethnicity, Prejudice, Residence Characteristics statistics & numerical data, Urban Population
- Abstract
This paper examines the extent of spatial assimilation among immigrants of different racial and ethnic origins. We use restricted data from the 1990 and 2000 censuses to calculate the levels of dissimilarity by race and Hispanic origin, nativity, and year of entry, and then run multivariate models to examine these relationships. The findings provide broad support for spatial assimilation theory. Foreign-born Hispanics, Asians, and blacks are more segregated from native-born non-Hispanic whites than are the U.S.-born of these groups. The patterns for Hispanics and Asians can be explained by the average characteristics of the foreign-born that are generally associated with higher levels of segregation, such as lower levels of income, English language ability, and home ownership. We also find that immigrants who have been in the United States for longer periods are generally less segregated than new arrivals, and once again, much of this difference can be attributed to the characteristics of immigrants. However, patterns also vary across groups. Levels of segregation are much higher for black immigrants than for Asian, Hispanic, and white immigrants. In addition, because black immigrants are, on average, of higher socioeconomic status than native-born blacks, such characteristics do not help explain their very high levels of segregation.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Moving and union dissolution.
- Author
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Boyle PJ, Kulu H, Cooke T, Gayle V, and Mulder CH
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Austria, Canada, Demography, Emigration and Immigration trends, Europe, Female, Geography, Humans, Male, Models, Statistical, New Zealand, Population Dynamics trends, Retrospective Studies, Risk, United States, Emigration and Immigration statistics & numerical data, Marital Status statistics & numerical data, Population Dynamics statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
This paper examines the effect of migration and residential mobility on union dissolution among married and cohabiting couples. Moving is a stressful life event, and a large, multidisciplinary literature has shown that family migration often benefits one partner (usually the man) more than the other Even so, no study to date has examined the possible impact of within-nation geographical mobility on union dissolution. We base our longitudinal analysis on retrospective event-history data from Austria. Our results show that couples who move frequently have a significantly higher risk of union dissolution, and we suggest a variety of mechanisms that may explain this.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Different subjects: the health care system's participation in the differential construction of the cultural citizenship of Cuban refugees and Mexican immigrants.
- Author
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Horton S
- Subjects
- Cuba ethnology, Delivery of Health Care organization & administration, Hospital Administration, Humans, Legislation, Hospital, Medicaid organization & administration, Mexico ethnology, New Mexico, Politics, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Emigration and Immigration, Health Services Accessibility organization & administration, Public Policy, Refugees
- Abstract
This paper explores the public health system's differential construction of Mexican and Cuban immigrants' "deservingness" of citizenship benefits and its preparation of them for different roles in U.S. society. Civic institutions such as the public health care system are charged with inculcating normative behavior in immigrants and instilling in them different conceptions about their rights and responsibilities. Faced with limited resources under the implementation of Medicaid managed care, hospital administrators created new categories of "deserving" and "undeserving" immigrants based on neoliberal standards of individual responsibility and self-discipline. As a result, hospital policies construct different types of "cultural citizenship" for Cuban and Mexican immigrants, preparing the former to be active citizens and discouraging the latter from pressing demands on American civil institutions. I show that this negative construction of Mexican immigrants' moral worth leads to unmet health needs and poor health outcomes.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Immigration and males' earnings inequality in the regions of the United States.
- Author
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Reed D
- Subjects
- Employment trends, Humans, Male, United States, Emigration and Immigration statistics & numerical data, Salaries and Fringe Benefits trends, Socioeconomic Factors
- Abstract
In this paper I investigate the impact of recent immigration on males' earnings distributions in the major regions of the United States. I use six counterfactual scenarios to describe alternative regional skill distributions and wage structures for the population of natives and long-term immigrants in the absence of recent immigration. I find that immigration over the last three decades can account for a substantial portion of the variation in inequality across the regions. Recent immigration has contributed moderately to national growth in males' earnings inequality, primarily by changing the composition of the population.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. On the auspices of female migration from Mexico to the United States.
- Author
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Cerrutti M and Massey DS
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Employment, Family Characteristics, Female, Humans, Likelihood Functions, Male, Marital Status, Mexico ethnology, Middle Aged, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Emigration and Immigration statistics & numerical data, Mexican Americans statistics & numerical data, Motivation, Women
- Abstract
In this paper we examine the circumstances and determinants of female migration between Mexico and the United States. Using data from the Mexican Migration Project, we considered the relative timing of males' and females' moves northward. We then estimated logit and probit models to study the determinants of male and female out-migration; among women we also estimated a multinomial logit model to uncover differences in the process of migration for work versus not for work. We found that women almost always followed other family members, either the husband or a parent; only a tiny minority initiated migration independently. Although males also are quite likely to be introduced to migration by a parent, nearly half of all male migrants left for the United States before or without a wife or a parent. Estimates of the determinants of migration suggested that males move for employment, whereas wives generally are motivated by family reasons. Daughters, however, display a greater propensity to move for work, and the determinants of their work-related moves closely resemble those of sons and fathers.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. The impact of immigration on the internal migration of natives and immigrants.
- Author
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Kritz MM and Gurak DT
- Subjects
- Adult, Demography, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, United States, Emigration and Immigration statistics & numerical data, Population Dynamics, White People statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
In this paper we examine the internal migratory response, by native-born non-Hispanic white men and foreign-born men in the United States, to recent immigration. Our analysis does not support the claim that natives have made a migratory response to recent immigration. Native-born men and foreign-born men were less likely to leave states that received large numbers of immigrants in the 1980s than they were to leave other states, and native-born men had less propensity toward out-migration than did foreign-born men. Out-migration was most likely to be deterred if recent immigrants originated in Europe or Asia. Although native-born non-Hispanic white men showed a tendency toward out-migration if recent immigrants originated in Latin America or the Caribbean, this result was insignificant after we controlled for state economic and regional context.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. You can go home again: evidence from longitudinal data.
- Author
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Reagan PB and Olsen RJ
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Asian statistics & numerical data, Cohort Studies, Data Collection, Decision Making, Educational Status, Emigration and Immigration statistics & numerical data, Hispanic or Latino statistics & numerical data, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Population Dynamics statistics & numerical data, Probability, Regression Analysis, United States, Emigration and Immigration trends, Population Dynamics trends, Public Assistance statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
In this paper we analyze the economic and demographic factors that influence return migration, focusing on generation 1.5 immigrants. Using longitudinal data from the 1979 youth cohort of the National Longitudinal Surveys (NLSY79), we track residential histories of young immigrants to the United States and analyze the covariates associated with return migration to their home country. Overall, return migration appears to respond to economic incentives, as well as to cultural and linguistic ties to the United States and the home country. We find no role for welfare magnets in the decision to return, but we learn that welfare participation leads to lower probability of return migration. Finally, we see no evidence of a skill bias in return migration, where skill is measured by performance on the Armed Forces Qualifying Test.
- Published
- 2000
29. Geographic mobility of the foreign-born Chinese in large metropolises, 1985-1990.
- Author
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Fang D and Brown D
- Subjects
- Americas, Asia, California, China, Culture, Demography, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, Asia, Eastern, Geography, New York, North America, Population, Population Characteristics, Prejudice, Transients and Migrants, United States, Acculturation, Emigration and Immigration, Ethnicity, Population Dynamics, Urban Population
- Abstract
"The spatial assimilation and ethnic resources models, two major theoretical explanations of the adaptation of immigrants, provide different views on the mechanism of spatial mobility of immigrants. We used the 1990 census 5 percent Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) to analyze the migration of foreign-born Chinese in three large metropolises--New York, Los Angeles, and San Francisco. We tested the two explanations in this study and argue that our results largely support the assimilation model. In addition, we contend that macroeconomic conditions of ethnic enclaves and characteristics of ethnic economies are also important in affecting the geographic redistribution of immigrants." This paper was originally presented at the 1996 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America., (excerpt)
- Published
- 1999
30. Undocumented workers in the labor market: an analysis of the earnings of legal and illegal Mexican immigrants in the United States.
- Author
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Rivera-batiz FL
- Subjects
- Americas, Demography, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, Economics, Latin America, Mexico, North America, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Research, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Emigration and Immigration, Income, Salaries and Fringe Benefits, Sex Factors, Transients and Migrants
- Abstract
"This paper studies the differences in earnings between Mexican legal and illegal immigrants in the United States. The analysis includes a cross-sectional examination of the wage differences between legal and undocumented workers as well as a longitudinal analysis examining the impact of legalization on the earnings of previously-undocumented workers. It is shown that the average hourly wage rate of male Mexican legal immigrants in the United States was 41.8% higher than that of undocumented workers while female legal immigrants earned 40.8% more.", (excerpt)
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Language skills and earnings among legalized aliens.
- Author
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Chiswick BR and Miller PW
- Subjects
- Americas, Communication, Demography, Developed Countries, Economics, North America, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Educational Status, Emigration and Immigration, Income, Language, Public Policy, Sex Factors, Transients and Migrants
- Abstract
"This paper uses the data on males and females from the 1989 [U.S.] Legalized Population Survey (LPS), a sample of aliens granted amnesty under 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act, to analyse English language proficiency and earnings.... English language proficiency is greater for those with more schooling, who immigrated at a younger age, who have been in the United States longer, with a more continuos stay, and who have less access to other origin language speakers where they live. Earnings are higher by about 8% for men and 17% for women who are proficient in both speaking and reading English, compared to those lacking both skills.", (excerpt)
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Adolescent obesity increases significantly in second and third generation U.S. immigrants: the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health.
- Author
-
Popkin BM and Udry JR
- Subjects
- Acculturation, Adult, Child, Cohort Effect, Ethnicity, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Nutrition Surveys, United States epidemiology, Adolescent, Emigration and Immigration, Health Status, Obesity epidemiology
- Abstract
Little is known concerning obesity patterns of ethnic subpopulations in the U.S. and the effects of acculturation on these patterns. Adolescent obesity, a major public health problem, has important health, social and economic consequences for the adolescent. The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health survey is unique in the size of the adolescent sample and in its ability to provide large representative samples of Anglo, African-American, Hispanic and Asian-American adolescents. A nationally representative sample of 13,783 adolescents was studied. Measurements of weight and height collected in the second wave of the survey were used to study adolescent obesity. Multivariate logit techniques were used to provide an understanding of the ethnic, age, gender and intergenerational patterns of adolescent obesity. Comparisons are presented between the NHANES III results and those from the Adolescent Health Survey. The smoothed version of the NHANES I 85th percentile cut-off was used for the measure of obesity in this paper. For the total sample, 26.5% were obese. The rates were as follows: white non-Hispanics, 24.2%; black non-Hispanics, 30.9%; all Hispanics, 30.4%; and all Asian-Americans, 20.6%. Important variations within the Hispanic and Asian-American subpopulations are presented. The Chinese (15.3%) and Filipino (18.5%) samples showed substantially lower obesity than non-Hispanic whites. All groups showed more obesity among males than among females, except for blacks (27.4% for males and 34.0% for females). Asian-American and Hispanic adolescents born in the U.S. are more than twice as likely to be obese as are first generation residents of the 50 states.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. When immigrants are not migrants: counting arrivals of the foreign born using the U.S. census.
- Author
-
Ellis M and Wright R
- Subjects
- Americas, Demography, Developed Countries, Economics, Ethnicity, Geography, North America, Population, Population Dynamics, Research, Socioeconomic Factors, Transients and Migrants, United States, Censuses, Emigration and Immigration, Population Characteristics, Residence Characteristics, Social Class
- Abstract
"This paper compares characteristics of recent immigrant arrivals in the United States using two measures from the decennial U.S. census: the came-to-stay question and the migration question.... Among recent arrivals, defined as those who reported they came to stay in the quinquennium preceding the census, a large number were resident in the United States five years before the census date. Furthermore, the proportion of recent arrivals present in the United States five years before the census increased between 1975-1980 and 1985-1990.... Generally, in both the 1975-1980 and 1985-1990 cohorts, those resident in the United States five years before the census have significantly less schooling and lower incomes than those who were abroad.", (excerpt)
- Published
- 1998
34. Measuring spatial focusing in a migration system.
- Author
-
Plane DA and Mulligan GF
- Subjects
- Censuses, Cluster Analysis, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Humans, Time Factors, United States, Emigration and Immigration statistics & numerical data, Income statistics & numerical data, Residence Characteristics statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Equality indexes used in other geographical contexts may be used to gauge the degree of spatial focusing in an entire migration system or within the gross in- and out-migration fields of specific regions. They provide useful indicators of overall shifts in the patterns of interregional migration and can help give insight into the population redistributive roles played by specific regions. Perhaps the most common equality index used to measure income distribution is the Gini coefficient, yet it appears almost never to have been applied in migration research. In this paper we set forth a variety of Gini indexes to be used for different migration analyses and illustrate their application with recent data on U.S. interstate movements. We argue that the Gini index provides some singularly useful insights that differ from those afforded by other measures more commonly found to date in the migration analyst's tool kit.
- Published
- 1997
35. Measuring immigrant wage growth using matched CPS files.
- Author
-
Duleep HO and Regets MC
- Subjects
- Acculturation, Adult, Censuses, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Regression Analysis, Residence Characteristics, United States, Emigration and Immigration, Salaries and Fringe Benefits economics, Salaries and Fringe Benefits trends
- Abstract
Cross-sectional estimates of immigrant wage growth have painted an optimistic picture of the ability of immigrants to adapt to the U.S. labor market: Studies using cross-sectional data have generally found the wage growth of immigrants to exceed that of the native born. This optimistic picture of immigrant economic assimilation was challenged by the important finding that compared to earlier immigrant cohorts, recent immigrants started at much lower wages. As such, the high wage growth of immigrants relative to the native born measured in cross-sectional data may simply be the spurious result of declining immigrant earnings ability. In this paper, we match Current Population Survey samples so that the wages of individual immigrant and native-born men can be followed for one year. We find that the wage growth of immigrants does exceed that of the native born. The general finding of faster immigrant wage growth also holds when imposing the foreign-born geographic distribution upon natives, but not when imposing the native-born geographic distribution on the foreign born-a result consistent with some theories of immigrant assimilation. In each comparison, however, the actual wage growth of immigrants relative to natives is similar to the predictions of cross-sectional regressions. This similarity suggests that either there is no cohort quality bias in the cross-sectional estimates of immigrant wage growth, or that there has been a coincidental increase in immigrant wage growth as the entry wages of immigrants have fallen.
- Published
- 1997
36. The number of Israeli immigrants in the United States in 1990.
- Author
-
Cohen Y and Haberfeld Y
- Subjects
- Algorithms, Arabs, Censuses, Fertility, Humans, Israel ethnology, Jews, Language, Residence Characteristics, United States, Emigration and Immigration statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
In this paper we estimate the size of several categories of "Israeli" immigrants in the United States. According to the 1990 U.S. census, there were about 95,000 Israeli-born immigrants in the United States in that year. Using the language and ancestry information available in the Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) of the 1990 census, we estimate that of this total, about 80,000 are Jews and 15,000 are Palestinian Arabs born in Israel. In addition to the Israeli-born, we present a range for the number of Jewish immigrants from Israel who are not Israeli-born (about 30,000-56,000). Thus our estimate for the total number of Jewish immigrants from Israel in the United States in 1990 is between 110,000 and 135,000. Fertility information available in the PUMS, also enable us to provide estimates for the number of second-generation Israelis in the United States in the 1990 (about 42,000). Finally, using both the 1980 and 1990 PUMS, we provide estimates for the rate of return migration among Israeli-born Jewish immigrants in the United States.
- Published
- 1997
37. The linkage between immigration and internal migration in large metropolitan areas in the United States.
- Author
-
Wright RA, Ellis M, and Reibel M
- Subjects
- Americas, Demography, Developed Countries, North America, Population, Population Characteristics, United States, Economics, Emigration and Immigration, Population Density, Population Dynamics, Urban Population
- Abstract
"This paper investigates the relationship between the internal migration of native-born workers and flows of immigrants to the United States using the 1980 and 1990 U.S. Census Bureau microsamples.... Based on the estimation of three sets of regression models for five overlapping samples of the largest metropolitan areas in the United States and five mutually exclusive segments of the labor force, this analysis shows that the finding of a significant linkage between internal migration and immigration depends critically on the empirical experiment used. In direct opposition to previous published research, we conclude that net migration of the native born for metropolitan areas is either positively related or unrelated to immigration. Our models show that the net migration loss of unskilled native workers from metropolitan areas is probably a function of those cities' population size rather than immigrant flow to them. We conclude that the net migration loss of native-born workers from large metropolitan areas is more likely the result of industrial restructuring than of competition with immigrants.", (excerpt)
- Published
- 1997
38. Transnationalism and vocabularies of motive in international migration: the case of Israelis in the United States.
- Author
-
Gold SJ
- Subjects
- Americas, Asia, Asia, Western, Behavior, Demography, Developed Countries, Israel, North America, Population, Population Dynamics, Psychology, Transients and Migrants, United States, Emigration and Immigration, Motivation
- Abstract
"The great body of recent work on international migration has generally considered immigration as a permanent movement and explored the phenomenon from either a micro or macro perspective. Transnationalism offers a new model that integrates these dichotomized views. This paper uses the perspective of transnationalism to explore the motives of Israeli immigrants in the U.S. Integrating insights from both micro and world systems perspectives, findings emphasize the importance of personal and macro-level networks as well as Israelis' international culture and experience as both facilitating and giving meaning to their presence in the United States.", (excerpt)
- Published
- 1997
39. Migration and premarital childbearing among Puerto Rican Women.
- Author
-
Landale NS and Hauan SM
- Subjects
- Acculturation, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Puerto Rico ethnology, Sexual Behavior ethnology, United States, Emigration and Immigration, Fertility, Hispanic or Latino, Single Parent
- Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between migration and premarital childbearing in a highly migratory Latino subgroup, Puerto Rican women. Using pooled origin-destination data from surveys conducted in Puerto Rico and in the New York metropolitan area, we find that first- and second-generation migrants to the U.S. mainland face substantially higher risks of conceiving and bearing a first child before marriage than do nonmigrants in Puerto Rico. This pattern is due largely to the relatively early transition to sexual activity among mainland women. Given the negative long-term consequences of premarital childbearing for women and their children, our findings call into question the assumption that migrants necessarily experience only positive outcomes as a result of the assimilation process.
- Published
- 1996
40. Contemporary American attitudes toward U.S. immigration.
- Author
-
Espenshade TJ and Hempstead K
- Subjects
- Americas, Behavior, Demography, Developed Countries, North America, Population, Population Dynamics, Psychology, United States, Attitude, Emigration and Immigration, Politics, Public Opinion, Public Policy
- Abstract
"This article aims to contribute to an understanding of contemporary American attitudes toward immigration.... The paper uses data from a CBS News/New York Times poll conducted in June 1993. Respondents were asked whether they would like to see the level of immigration to the United States increased, decreased or kept the same. We test several hypotheses about factors influencing respondents' attitudes, including the importance of previously unexamined predictors. These new hypotheses relate to views about the health of the U.S. economy, feelings of social and political alienation, and isolationist sentiments concerning international economic issues and foreign relations. One important discovery is the close connection between possessing restrictionist immigration attitudes and having an isolationist perspective along a broader array of international issues.", (excerpt)
- Published
- 1996
41. Estimates of net migration by age at migration from pairs of enumerations of the foreign born: United States, 1880-1930.
- Author
-
Stupp PW
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Americas, Demography, Developed Countries, Ethnicity, North America, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Research, Transients and Migrants, United States, Age Distribution, Emigration and Immigration, Residence Characteristics, Statistics as Topic
- Abstract
"This paper describes a new method for indirectly estimating age schedules of net migration. The method is illustrated with historical data for the United States. The analysis employs a recently developed technique--iterative intracohort interpolation--to estimate age schedules of net migration from pairs of enumerations of the foreign born by age. The data required for this application are enumerations of the foreign born (or more generally of those born outside the enumeration area) by age in two successive censuses, a life table presumed to reflect the mortality experience of the foreign born during the intercensal period, and, optionally, data on variations in the overall level of migration during the intercensal period. The procedure provides estimates of the average annual number of foreign born net migrants during a decade by their age at the time of entry/exit." (SUMMARY IN ITA AND FRE), (excerpt)
- Published
- 1995
42. Unauthorized immigration to the United States.
- Author
-
Espenshade TJ
- Subjects
- Americas, Behavior, Developed Countries, North America, Population, Population Dynamics, Psychology, United States, Attitude, Demography, Emigration and Immigration, Public Policy, Transients and Migrants
- Abstract
"This paper surveys research on the size of the undocumented immigrant population in the United States, the causes and consequences of illegal migrant flows, public attitudes toward unauthorized migrants, and the history of attempts to control the volume of undocumented migration. It concludes that there are powerful push and pull factors that create and sustain the volume of unauthorized migration, that there is little evidence that undocumented migrants have negative labor market consequences despite what the general public thinks, that U.S. policy has been largely powerless to make a permanent dent in undocumented immigration, and that the current level of clandestine U.S. immigration may not be far from what society might view as socially optimal.", (excerpt)
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Political instability and illegal immigration.
- Author
-
Campos JE and Lien D
- Subjects
- Americas, Demography, Developed Countries, Economics, North America, Population, Population Dynamics, United States, Emigration and Immigration, Politics, Public Policy, Salaries and Fringe Benefits, Socioeconomic Factors, Transients and Migrants
- Abstract
"Economic theory suggests that transnational migration results from the push-pull effect of wage differentials between host and source countries. In this paper, we argue that political instability exacerbates the migration flow, with greater instability leading to relatively larger flows. We conclude then that an optimal solution to the illegal immigration problem requires proper coordination of immigration and foreign policies by the host country. A narrow preoccupation with tougher immigration laws is wasteful and may be marginally effective." Emphasis is on the United States as a host country., (excerpt)
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. On the measurement of naturalization.
- Author
-
Liang Z
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Emigration and Immigration legislation & jurisprudence, Ethnicity legislation & jurisprudence, Female, Humans, Infant, Life Tables, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, Probability, United States epidemiology, Acculturation, Emigration and Immigration statistics & numerical data, Ethnicity statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
This paper proposes a new way of measuring naturalization, which takes into account both emigration and death. I argue that the new method corrects for underestimation and thus provides a more accurate measure of the concept. Using data from six groups of the 1973 immigrant cohort and multiple-decrement life table techniques, I estimated and compared naturalization measures derived from new and old methods. The results show that failure to control for emigration has a significant effect on the measurement of naturalization, particularly if an immigrant group has relatively high rate of emigration. Some further substantive implications of this new method are also explored.
- Published
- 1994
45. Labor market effects of immigration in the United States and Europe: substitution vs. complementarity.
- Author
-
Gang IN and Rivera-batiz FL
- Subjects
- Americas, Developed Countries, Europe, North America, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Demography, Economics, Education, Emigration and Immigration, Employment, Ethnicity, Health Workforce, Income, Occupations, Transients and Migrants
- Abstract
"This paper examines the impact of immigrants on the income of various groups of resident workers in the United States and Europe. Our approach features the use of a production technology incorporating education, experience, and unskilled labor as inputs.... We find that in both United States and European production, education, unskilled labor and experience are complementary inputs. Based on these results, simulations of the impact of immigration on residents are carried out. The absolute magnitude of these effects is found to be very small.", (excerpt)
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Immigrant skills and ethnic spillovers.
- Author
-
Borjas GJ
- Subjects
- Americas, Culture, Demography, Developed Countries, Health Workforce, North America, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Research, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Economics, Emigration and Immigration, Ethnicity, Social Class, Transients and Migrants
- Abstract
"This paper investigates the hypothesis that ethnicity has spillover effects on the human capital accumulation process. It extends previous research by documenting the extent to which the relative importance of parental inputs and ethnic spillovers in the intergenerational transmission of skills differs both within and across immigrant and U.S.-born ethnic groups. Using data drawn from the General Social Surveys, the study documents that the second and third generations (i.e., the children and grandchildren of immigrants) experience relatively more rapid economic advancement than do other generations, and that ethnic spillovers play a stronger role in households which are at the extremes of the skill distribution.", (excerpt)
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Monitoring international migration flows in Europe. Towards a statistical data base combining data from different sources.
- Author
-
Willekens F
- Subjects
- Americas, Demography, Developed Countries, Europe, North America, Population, Population Dynamics, United States, Data Collection, Emigration and Immigration, Public Policy, Research
- Abstract
"The paper reviews techniques developed in demography, geography and statistics that are useful for bridging the gap between available data on international migration flows and the information required for policy making and research. The basic idea of the paper is as follows: to establish a coherent and consistent data base that contains sufficiently detailed, up-to-date and accurate information, data from several sources should be combined.... The issues may be tackled more easily if the statistics that are being compiled are viewed as different outcomes or manifestations of underlying stochastic processes governing migration. The link between the processes and their outcomes is described by models, the parameters of which must be estimated from the available data.... The paper discusses the experience of the U.S. Bureau of the Census in combining migration data from several sources. It also summarizes the many efforts in Europe to establish a coherent and consistent data base on international migration." (SUMMARY IN FRE), (excerpt)
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Current trends and patterns of female migration: evidence from Mexico.
- Author
-
Donato KM
- Subjects
- Americas, Behavior, Demography, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, Economics, Latin America, Mexico, North America, Population, Population Dynamics, Psychology, Research, Socioeconomic Factors, Statistics as Topic, United States, Emigration and Immigration, Motivation, Population Characteristics, Probability, Public Policy, Transients and Migrants, Women's Rights
- Abstract
"This study uses a new source of data to assess trends and patterns of female migration from Mexico. Data were collected from migrants interviewed in ten Mexican communities from 1987 through 1990, as well as from outmigrants from those communities who were later located in the United States. The first part of the analysis examines changes in migrant behavior throughout the 1980s by estimating trends in the probability of first-time and repeat migration and by assessing the impact of the Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) on these trends.... The study then considers the determinants of female Mexican-U.S. migration by examining whether and how women's recent moves reflect their personal characteristics, the resources in their households, or a process of family reunification." This paper was originally presented at the 1992 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America., (excerpt)
- Published
- 1993
49. Earnings adjustment of temporary migrants.
- Author
-
Dustmann C
- Subjects
- Americas, Australia, Canada, Demography, Developed Countries, Europe, Germany, West, Health Workforce, North America, Pacific Islands, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Research, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Economics, Emigration and Immigration, Employment, Ethnicity, Income, Time Factors
- Abstract
"The present paper shows that in the case of temporary migration the optimal investment into country specific human capital should be lower than in the case of permanent migration. Investments may not be sufficient to allow migrants' earnings to catch up with those of native workers." Earnings profiles of temporary migrants in West Germany are analyzed and compared with those of permanent migrants in Australia, Canada, and the United States. Data concern the 1980s., (excerpt)
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. The internal migration and spatial redistribution of the foreign-born population in the United States: 1965-70 and 1975-80.
- Author
-
Belanger A and Rogers A
- Subjects
- Americas, Culture, Developed Countries, North America, Population, Population Characteristics, Research, United States, Age Factors, Demography, Emigration and Immigration, Ethnicity, Geography, Life Tables, Population Dynamics, Residence Characteristics
- Abstract
"This article examines the importance of place of birth [for] the internal migration and spatial redistribution patterns of the foreign-born population in the United States during the 1965-70 and the 1975-80 periods, relying principally on the Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) files for our input data. The diverse nationalities are aggregated into eight different regions of origin: Mexico, Puerto Rico, Rest of South and Central America, Europe, Asia, Africa and Oceania, Canada and the Rest of the World. First, the regional distribution of these eight groups at the 1970 and 1980 censuses are examined. Next, the spatial redistribution of the foreign-born population and its changes over time are studied...." This paper was originally presented at the 1990 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America., (excerpt)
- Published
- 1992
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