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Rollins reveals neuroscientists' promises to be more branding than substance, a defensive crouch aimed at heading off controversy rather than tackling the immensely complicated interactions between the biological and the social. This conviction has solidified into what Rollins deems the "violent brain model" - an assumption that the brain is locus of violence and criminality. Part I unpacks the research program, specifically the research assumptions and conventions by which neuroscientists squeeze the complexity of crime and violence into the violent brain model. [Extracted from the article]

He explores how Kimberly-Clark, the global consumer goods company, uses this innovation approach to uncover and develop new products In the next 24 hours, about 2 billion people will use a Kimberly-Clark product and put every biological fluid known to man into those products - and then simply throw them away. If we can build the digital IQ of our employees and give them the tools that they need on top of a solid foundation of data science, we can transform our companies from atom-centric companies to bit-centric companies. Redefining Business to Build a Better World: In this paper adapted from his keynote presentation at IRI's Annual Conference in June 2022, Pete Dulcamara discusses the pivotal role of humanity-centric innovation in a rapidly changing world. [Extracted from the article]

A culture of innovation that can continuously change to ongoing external market shifts will be a critical source of competitive advantage for organizations over the next decade. The lessons for leading such a culture of innovation come from humanity's earliest beginnings and are communicated through our myths. The authors discuss the use of the Hero's Journey with modern change management and innovation techniques such as foresight, customer-centered research and lean startup, to anticipate challenges along an established road of creating a culture of innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the dioxin alarm broke at the same time in Sweden and the US in the mid-1980s, Swedish pulp and paper (P&P) firms led the way towards the new market for low-chlorine and chlorine-free P&P products. This study explores the transition in the Swedish P&P industry and contrasts the Swedish case to the US experience. We highlight the importance of already established technological paths to deal with pollution, paths which were strongly formed by the different national environmental policies since the 1970s. Thus while US P&P firms were technologically locked-in when the dioxin alarm broke, the strategy of Swedish P&P firms to proactively collaborate in environmental research and development (R&D) together with a national policy that favoured process integrated abatement technology, helped Swedish firms take technological leadership. This article particularly stresses the implications of technological path-dependency and different national regulatory styles in understanding the evolution of different modes of corporate environmental strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the panel data of 285 cities in China from 2000 to 2019, this paper searches the number of patent applications related to urban artificial intelligence from five dimensions: algorithm, data, computing power, application scenario and related technology. Combining the two perspectives of industrial upgrading and rationalization, we analyze the internal influence theory of the research topic from the theoretical and empirical perspectives. The results show that artificial intelligence is not only conducive to industrial upgrading, but also significantly inhibit the deviation of industrial structure from equilibrium, which is conducive to industrial rationalization. In addition, the conclusion of this paper is still valid after a series of robustness tests, such as eliminating the samples of central cities, winsorize treatment and instrumental variables method. Through the heterogeneity test, it is found that the promoting effect of artificial intelligence on industrial upgrading is more obvious in big cities and cities with high level of industrial upgrading. The internal mechanism test results show that artificial intelligence promotes industrial upgrading by promoting technological innovation. In cities with a high degree of marketization and Internet development, the role of artificial intelligence in promoting industrial upgrading can be strengthened. The research conclusions of this paper will be conducive to accelerating the development of artificial intelligence to promote industrial upgrading, and provide a useful reference for realizing high-quality development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Derived from the viewpoint put forward by Joseph Alois Schumpeter in 1912, financial innovation (FI) has made great achievements, mainly reflected in the innovations of organisation system, management, financial market, financial business and instruments, and financial technology, etc. Based on the existing publications in the field of FI, this paper conducts a comprehensive analysis and discussion. Firstly, according to the Web of Science (WoS), 1,341 publications are obtained. Considering the foundational characteristics, citation structure and cooperation relationship of publications, the bibliometric analysis results are presented at the levels of countries/regions, institutions, authors and publications, respectively. Then, this paper investigates some deep researches, including the burst detection analysis, co-occurrence analysis and timeline analysis. Finally, combining the analysis results with the current financial environment and the influential event (i.e., COVID-19), this paper further discusses the current challenges and future possible extension trends. Accordingly, a relatively throughout perspective for the FI documents is provided, which will help the scholars interested in this area conduct deep research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of modern scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, the development of digital finance is conducive to improving the ecological environment and the energy total factor productivity (TFP). In this paper, DEA cross-efficiency model is used to measure the energy TFP, and moment estimation method is used to empirically test the influence and heterogeneity of digital finance on energy TFP, and then the intermediary model is constructed to study and analyze the influence mechanism based on the sample data of 30 provinces in the Chinese Mainland from 2011 to 2018. The following research findings are obtained. First, the development of digital finance has played a significant role in improving energy TFP. Second, spatial heterogeneity exists in the process of digital finance affecting energy TFP improvement, that is, digital finance has a more obvious improvement effect on the energy TFP in central and western China than in eastern China. Third, digital finance can affect energy TFP through technological innovation; that is, the improvement of regional technological innovation is an important transmission mechanism for digital finance to affect energy TFP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the strong penetrability, long-wavelength synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can provide an opportunity to reconstruct the three-dimensional structure of the penetrable media. SAR tomography (TomoSAR) technology can resynthesize aperture perpendicular to the slant-range direction and then obtain the tomographic profile consisting of power distribution of different heights, providing a powerful technical tool for reconstructing the three-dimensional structure of the penetrable ground objects. As an emerging technology, it is different from the traditional interferometric SAR (InSAR) technology and has advantages in reconstructing the three-dimensional structure of the illuminated media. Over the past two decades, many TomoSAR methods have been proposed to improve the vertical resolution, aiming to distinguish the locations of different scatters in the unit pixel. In order to cope with the forest mission of European Space Agency (ESA) that is designed to provide P-band SAR measurements to determine the amount of biomass and carbon stored in forests, it is necessary to systematically evaluate the performance of forest height and underlying topography inversion using TomoSAR technology. In this paper, we adopt three typical algorithms, namely, Capon, Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC), and Compressed Sensing (CS), to evaluate the performance in forest height and underlying topography inversion. The P-band airborne full-polarization (FP) SAR data of Lopè National Park in the AfriSAR campaign implemented by ESA in 2016 is adopted to verify the experiment. Furthermore, we explore the effects of different baseline designs and filter methods on the reconstruction of the tomographic profile. The results show that a better tomographic profile can be obtained by using Hamming window filter and Capon algorithm in uniform baseline distribution and a certain number of acquisitions. Compared with LiDAR results, the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of forest height and underlying topography obtained by Capon algorithm is 2.17 m and 1.58 m, which performs the best among the three algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The low concentration of gas in the gas blending process is influenced by a number of factors and is characterized by some time variation and non-linearity. Therefore, the gas concentration needs to be predicted. This paper proposes a multi-model forecasting method with a hierarchical structure. First, because the measured gas concentration time-series data contain a lot of noise, the time-series data are decomposed into several independent eigenmode functions by using empirical mode decomposition, adaptively denoising by low-pass filtering, and then using phase space reconstruction technology to obtain a new time-series sample. Then, the training samples are grouped by conditional fuzzy clustering to determine the number of submodules. Finally, the maximum membership method is used to select sub-models and sub-sub-models, and then a multi-model time-series prediction model is established. The model can not only select different sub-models to process data in different regions but also can process each data jointly by multiple submodels in different sub-models. Experiments were carried out on low-concentration measured data extracted from mines. The experimental results show that the proposed prediction model can capture the nonlinear characteristics of gas concentration time series and is superior to other existing prediction models in accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional arts and crafts originate from people's daily life and are closely related to their life. Traditional crafts have a long history, a wide variety, and are world-famous. With the development of society and the diversification of folk factors, the competition of traditional technology is becoming increasingly fierce. The legacy process must be updated in addition to the inherited legacy process. However, from the perspective of contemporary reality, due to the influence of specific external objective factors, especially the influence of western culture, traditional folk art materials and crafts face certain difficulties in the process of inheritance, development and innovation, which seriously hinders the development of folk art materials and crafts, mainly due to the huge impact of western culture and commercial culture. Therefore, this paper pointed out the problems in the current material technology by analysing the value, opportunities and challenges of material technology in folk art, and put forward some innovative strategies for the inheritance of material culture by studying the inheritance methods and necessity of material technology culture, so as to improve the inheritance effect of material technology. According to the nearest neighbour propagation clustering algorithm, the degree of ownership and support for the inheritance of material and technology culture were gradually rising; among them, the degree of belonging of cultural heritage has increased by 1.1 in the whole process, while the degree of support for cultural heritage has increased by 0.65 in the whole process. The cultural inheritance effect and process emphasis after innovation strategy were better than those before innovation. The cultural inheritance effect after innovation strategy was 11.7% higher than that before innovation, and the process emphasis was 11.5% higher than that before innovation. In a word, the inheritance of the material technology culture of folk art would help to expand the influence of folk art and improve its competitive position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a new urbanization mode, smart cities provide a way to achieve the mutually beneficial situation of both economic development and environmental protection. As such, the question of whether and how smart-city construction can promote the high-quality development of urban economies is worth considering. By measuring the green total factor productivity (GTFP) of 233 cities in China from 2004–2019, this paper adopts the national pilot smart cities of China as a quasi-experiment and constructs a time-varying DID model to explore the direct, dynamic, and heterogeneity influence of smart-city construction on GTFP. The results indicate the following: (1) Smart-city construction can significantly promote the urban GTFP, which is mainly caused by the progress of green technology, and the effect is robust after a series of robustness tests; (2) smart-city construction can contribute to GTFP improvement primarily through accelerating technological innovation, promoting industrial upgrading, and realizing resource allocation optimization; and (3) smart cities that are larger in scale, have a higher administrative rank, and lie in eastern regions have stronger positive effects on GTFP. This study aims to contribute to the promotion of urban sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The World Wide Web and the advancement of computer technology in the 1960s and 1990s respectively set the ground for a substantial and simultaneous change in many facets of our life, including medicine, health care, and medical education. The traditional didactic approach has shifted towards more dynamic and interactive methods, leveraging technologies such as simulation tools, virtual reality, and online platforms. At the forefront is the remarkable evolution that has revolutionized how medical knowledge is accessed, disseminated, and integrated into pedagogical practices. The COVID-19 pandemic also led to rapid and large-scale adoption of e-learning and digital resources in medical education because of widespread lockdowns, social distancing measures, and the closure of medical schools and healthcare training programs. This review paper examines the evolution of medical education from the Flexnerian era to the modern digital age, closely examining the influence of the evolving WWW and its shift from Education 1.0 to Education 4.0. This evolution has been further accentuated by the transition from the static landscapes of Web 2D to the immersive realms of Web 3D, especially considering the growing notion of the metaverse. The application of the metaverse is an interconnected, virtual shared space that includes virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR) to create a fertile ground for simulation-based training, collaborative learning, and experiential skill acquisition for competency development. This review includes the multifaceted applications of the metaverse in medical education, outlining both its benefits and challenges. Through insightful case studies and examples, it highlights the innovative potential of the metaverse as a platform for immersive learning experiences. Moreover, the review addresses the role of emerging technologies in shaping the post-pandemic future of medical education, ultimately culminating in a series of recommendations tailored for medical institutions aiming to successfully capitalize on revolutionary changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyses the interrelation between technological innovation (TI) and trade friction (TF) by applying the bootstrap rollingwindow full- and subsample Granger causality test from China in a sample from January 2002 to December 2021. Results show that the influence of TI on TF is twofold. On the one hand, TI is a push for TF. This finding is consistent with the ‘income effect’, which postulates that TI leads to more TF by affecting the income of other countries. On the other hand, TI has a negative influence on TF. This result confirms the ‘substitute effect’, implying that TI can benefit consumers by providing more high-quality and cheaper products. In turn, TF can hinder TI by reducing exporters’ profits. Based on these findings, governments should coordinate their efforts toward innovation and trade policies. At the same time, firms should master core technology and develop their high-performance products to avoid the risk of TF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes this shift in the relationship between China and the United States, focusing in particular on the role of American corporations in shaping US geopolitical strategies with regard to China. Once aggressive promoters of economic integration with China, these firms now defend policies designed to block the growth of Chinese firms in Western markets and protect America's lead in critical emerging technologies. The current tension between the US and China, we argue, reflects, in part, a dispute for control over technical progress in these key areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of financial technology (Fintech) has greatly impacted the financial landscape in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in recent years. The impact on bank funding and economic growth in the region cannot be ignored. This paper examines the extent to which Fintech has affected bank funding and economic growth in the region by utilizing data from 56 banks across 19 SSA economies between 2010 and 2020. The analysis was conducted using a covariance-based structural equation modeling method. The results show that Fintech disruptions have triggered an increase in equity funding for banks, while having negligible effects on deposit and long-term debt financing. The study also outlines that Fintech's limited size within the financial system has ultimately restricted its effects on economic growth in SSA. Furthermore, the study did not find evidence of Fintech mediating the impact on economic growth via the bank funding channel, suggesting that SSA banking systems are capable of resisting Fintech disruptions for financial stability. Overall, these findings highlight the resilience of bank funding structures to Fintech disruptions, emphasizing the importance of prudent funding management and continued investment in Fintech for sustained economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, as Fintech continues to evolve and grow, policymakers should remain vigilant and monitor its impact on the financial system and economic growth in the region. By understanding the implications of Fintech on bank funding and economic growth in SSA, this paper contributes to the ongoing discussion on the potential benefits and challenges of technological innovations in the financial sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the post-industrial period, traditional Chinese enterprises are facing the awkward situation of being 'big but not strong', with their core technologies being controlled by others. The digital transformation of enterprises has not only reshaped business models and industrial boundaries, but also boosted the high-quality development of China's economy. This paper reviews the existing literature and discovers that digital technology promotes enterprise production efficiency through cost reduction, efficiency improvement, and innovation. Based on the data of listed manufacturing companies in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2009 to 2017, this paper constructs a differences in differences (DID) model to empirically study the relationship between digital transformation and production efficiency. The results revealed that the implementation of digital transformation plays a significant role in promoting economic benefits and the results of the lag regression method are still robust. Based on this, combined with the actual situation of Chinese enterprises, this paper proposes countermeasures and suggestions to promote the development of enterprise digital transformation. The conclusion is of great significance for Chinese enterprises to occupy a dominant position in the new wave of global industrial revolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the key aspects of digitalization brought by Industry 4.0 is driven by the Internet of Things. Perhaps, the most interesting component of digital transformation is Augmented Reality. Augmented reality is merging the digital and physical worlds in the same experience. This new technology is accepted and applications are initiated in various areas including manufacturing. The main usage area in manufacturing is planning, execution, and verification of the assembly and maintenance operations. Likewise, augmented reality is used in the training of inexperienced people and to guide them by remote expert support. However, the augmented reality application selection, especially for non-technology savvy manufacturing organizations is challenging. Detailed and time-consuming analyses are required to understand the key features to compare and select the most suitable augmented reality application. In this paper, the most critical nine augmented reality software selection criteria are identified. To help organizations to apply such criteria and make a selection that is most suitable for the enterprise, a multi criteria decision-making approach is suggested. The suggested method is based on a fuzzy spherical number. The complex proportional assessment method is used to calculate the rankings. Therefore, the suggested method is called SF-COPRAS. Moreover, the detailed definition of augmented reality features and terminologies is explained. Several augmented reality use-case scenarios are discussed for manufacturing organizations on their Industry 4.0 initiatives. This paper aims to guide decision makers on their augmented reality software selection journey. The offered framework aims to save time for investigating augmented reality solution features systematically and objectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New technological development enables to implement circular economy (CE) practices. This phenomenon is taking particular interest for the Academy. The aim of this study is to analyse the cognitive and intellectual structure of the relationship between CE and technology. The proposed research questions seek to answer how the evolution of the number of publications per year, the main authors, journals, institutions and countries in this field, and the most relevant topics and papers in the research area are. It is used a bibliometric approach of co-word analysis of 996 articles published on Web of Science. In addition, it is proposed a research agenda after reviewing the most cited articles and points the research trend topics. There is a need to include topics associated with the social sphere, since most of the research is focused on environmental aspects and economic effects. In recent years, research has been polarised towards the blockchain, Big Data and biorefinery technologies. Although these technologies are in demand, it should not ignore other emerging technologies that could be key to circularity, such as those related to product redesign or changes in production infrastructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Overview: Innovation is critical to the growth and survival of companies across industries and geographies. Over time, however, sources of innovation have become much more diverse, and a systematic understanding of the complex and dynamic innovation landscape is challenging. This paper describes the value and impact of using a data-driven, visual analytic approach for innovation and R&D intelligence. I outline a methodology with which to approach visual analytic innovation and R&D intelligence, present illustrative mini-case studies, and frame the findings into key considerations and elements of the intelligence decision space. The paper contributes to practical and theoretical understanding of how emerging computational and analytical approaches can support innovation and R&D activities. It concludes with practical implications and future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This section presents abstracts of papers on innovation. They include "Pushing Technology to Where the Market Will Be: The Case of Nokia," "The Internal Entrepreneur As a Catalyst to Successful Product Development: A Case Study" and "Technological Learning in Six Firms in Southern China: Success and Limits of an Industrialisation Model."

This paper investigated the influence of subcontracting on innovation and its impact on the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Onitsha, Nigeria. The paper adopted a number of methods comprising of field observations, reference to relevant literature, and a questionnaire survey of 113 SMEs. Regression, mean and standard deviation were used to analyse the data. In line with the literature, this paper identified seven (7) dimensions of subcontracting assistance from large scale industries to small business firms. The paper found that subcontracting relationship between large scale industries and SMEs is inclined to production and product-related cooperation where the contractors are concerned with meeting fluctuation in demand and shortening long delivery times. This paper concluded by suggesting that subcontracting relationship between SMEs and large scale industries should not be restricted to production, purchase, finance and marketing assistance. It should also be extended to human resource development and organisational-know-how. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As air pollution becomes increasingly critical, 'near-zero emission' technological innovation in coal-fired plants are needed for the government and public consumers. The aim of this paper is to build the evolutionary game for analysing 'near-zero emission' technological innovation diffusion in coal-fired plants. According to bionics research of evolution, this paper introduces the co-evolutionary algorithm to simulate the diffusion. By modelling the evolutionary gaming behaviour of coal-fired plants, the simulation can capture the dynamics of coal-fired plants' strategy, which is adopting 'near-zero emission' technological innovation or not. It is key to model the diffusion under the electricity market and government regulation because it can provide some suggestions for promoting the diffusion. Simulations show that with no government regulations, the coal-fired plant fails to adopt the 'near-zero emission' technological innovation. However, the coal-fired plant for most profit should adopt independent R&D for 'near-zero emission' technology when the government provides subsidy incentives for the low-pollution coal-fired plant. With the promotion of subsidy incentives, all coal-fired plants will adopt 'near-zero emission' technology. Moreover, increasing the subsidy intensity has a significant role in promoting the diffusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From past few years, the Internet of things (IoT) is an emerging and encouraging technology that has gained prominence in the industries. Due to its increasing usages, a huge amount of data are exchanged within IoT architecture using the internet, which is why privacy and cyber-security are major issues. The heterogeneous nature of various technologies that are combined using IoT makes it problematic to provide security using prescriptive networking. The future of secure IoT depends on privacy issues. The research intends to improve security mechanisms based on intrusion and anomaly detection for IoT using deep learning. In this context, a systematic literature review (SLR) is conducted to identify 'How to perform data transformation analysis of IoT dataset to detect anomaly detection for cyber IoT attacks? The SLR result found 24 datasets used for IoT analysis, 35 performance metrics to evaluate IoT problems, 6--42 features identified for detection, 42 preprocessing techniques have been used for transforming data, and 26 different methods and models were used to process the given problem. The SLR highlights further enhancement for the issue and identification of cyber-security in IoT. Anomaly detection can be done based on reinforcement deep learning after a thorough analysis of SLR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Employing Chinese customs data and the Peking University Digital Financial Inclusion Index of China, this paper studies the impact of China's digital finance development on the upgrading of export at the city level and further explores the heterogeneity across cities and the mechanisms through which digital finance influences export upgrading. Benchmark results suggest that digital inclusive finance can significantly promote the upgrading of export. The heterogeneity analysis shows that cities with a smaller size, lower wage, higher human capital level, and better location advantage experience greater facilitating effects of digital inclusive finance on promoting export upgrading. It suggests that, compared with 'icing on the cake', the digital inclusive finance plays a better role in 'offering fuel in snowy weather', whereas full exertion of the inclusiveness of digital finance requires higher human capital and location advantage. Further mechanism analysis shows that innovation effect and market effect are the main channels where digital inclusive finance promotes the upgrading of a city's export. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to research the driving forces of wages across the countries of the European Union (EU-28) during the period 2006-2018. We apply structural equation modelling to analyse relationships between observed variables and latent variables, focusing on factors explaining wages. Based on the literature review, we hypothesized that innovation, budgetary deficit and the rate of unemployment predict wages across EU-28 countries. Our results suggest that innovation is a significant factor in explaining wages. The budgetary deficit has a significant negative impact on wages, while the effect of rate of unemployment is insignificant. The findings of our research underline the importance of policies that accelerate the growth in labour productivity, particularly those which boost innovation and ensure macroeconomic stability, efficient markets, and an adaptable and skilled workforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses data from all the listed high-tech enterprises in China, from 2013 to 2018, as the samples employed to study the impact of government subsidies on the innovation of high-tech enterprises, as well as the subsidy mechanism. The mechanism is analysed mainly from the perspectives of resource effect and signal transmission effect. In the theoretical analysis, from the perspective of resource effect, the capital guiding role of government subsidies is considered. In addition, this study creatively discusses the impact of rent-seeking behaviour in combination with China's anti-corruption practice. From the perspective of signal transmission, government subsidies are no longer only interpreted as positive signals of the government being in favour of enterprise financing. This study further believes that government subsidies transmit a signal to the public, encouraging them to strengthen their supervision of subsidised enterprises. A multiple regression model and mediating effect model indicate that government subsidies achieve the purpose of stimulating enterprise innovation. The stimulating effect of government subsidies through financing constraints and signal transmission is 9.48% and 10.16%, respectively. These results are consistent with the positive externality theory and the signal transmission theory. At the end of the paper, several relevant suggestions are presented, according to the current developments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sci-tech and finance plays an increasingly important role and have become an important driving force in economic development. In China, the problem of insufficient financial support for sci-tech innovation is important to enterprises. According to the internal relationship between different stages of Sci-tech and the finance system, this paper is aimed at exploring the efficiency measurement method between sci-tech and finance systems. Firstly the multi-stage collaborative structure of sci-tech finance is built, where the system of sci-tech is divided into three stages including the R&D stage, transformation stage of sci-tech achievements and industrialization stage, and the financing channel is the input of the finance system into the sci-tech system at different stages. The measurement method of the multi-stage collaborative efficiency between sci-tech and finance systems is put forward by the framework of network DEA. Then, taking China as an example, we collect the information of 30 provinces and cities from 2009 to 2016 and measure the efficiency of each system and the collaborative efficiency of the both. The efficiency's spatial correlation is tested by means of Moran index. Finally, the influencing factors of the collaborative efficiency are analyzed based on the spatial econometric regression model, which considers the financing channels and human capital. To sum up, there are significant differences in the sci-tech finance collaborative efficiency among regions in China. Among them, the collaborative efficiency of Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangsu ranks in the top three. Comparing the different stages of the sci-tech system, the commercialization stage is a weak link in many regions of China. Human capital and financing channels of sci-tech finance have different degrees of positive impact on the sci-tech finance collaborative efficiency. Among them, human capital plays a greater role in promoting the sci-tech finance collaborative development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlike many Western countries, the Chinese state has a much more active role in innovation that includes direct involvement with actors in innovation processes and the use of state capacity, money, and power to attain certain goals. With the rise of China, innovation processes that critically depend on state action, often labeled state‐led innovation, have thus received growing scholarly attention. However, only few contributions study the specific sector of new energy vehicles (NEV) and policy measures applied at the city level. This paper examines policy and planning tools used in Shenzhen, China, to assert innovation in the NEV industry, using an evaluation of documents and interviews. The paper finds that a city can play a decisive role in the implementation of innovation policy, and Chinese cities in particular make use of a broad set of innovation support measures ranging from binding quotas, public procurement, and incentives to bans and orders. The findings underline the importance of strong regulatory instruments that do not conform to the Western notion of market‐compliant policy, but nevertheless work effectively in the Chinese context. Moreover, the results highlight how successful policy support for innovation in the NEV can be implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) is a new generation of digital technology that is concerned with the integration and inter-dependencies of the cyber and physical world alongside computational elements. As a new and leading technology, its applications are seen in different projects involving energy and this has however generated lots of interest from the industry, researchers in academia and the government. This paper presents an extensive overview and modernistic research on the applications relating to energy CPS and the security issues and challenges revolving around this research path. In order to achieve this, a systematic literature review was carried out which enabled the analysing and classifying of different applications and security issues described in selected publications. Furthermore, the systematic review permitted the discourse stringing these research areas as well as providing future lines of research. Also, results from the review show the paths where there are increasing research focus and expected research trend in the future years to come. These results will not only be useful in serving as a guide to researchers but will also create new research paths to more experienced researchers to actively follow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marketing is the cornerstone of an organization as it is vital to both strategic planning and business operations. An organization's long-run success depends on its ability to create value for its customers, and marketing plays a crucial role in achieving this goal. This review paper attempts to broaden the body of knowledge concerning the impact of technological innovation on the marketing sector by presenting a systematic review along with a set of paths for future research. A total of 93 articles from 716 articles were systematically selected from different academic journals between 1999 and 2019. The articles were reviewed and summarized according to the individual, organizational, and environmental impact of technological innovation on the marketing sector. The study elaborates on different applications of advanced technologies and their impact on the marketing sector. This will help in conceptualizing the impact of technological innovation on the marketing sector in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses articles in the issue on topics including innovation in academic education; similarity between the modern patent system and the protection the Ancient Greeks; and innovation in Great Britain wave energy.

This section discusses various notable papers and articles related to technology published in different journals. In their report, researchers Ashlish Sood and Gerard J. Tellis argued that the appreciation of innovation in the stock market can be estimated through the total market returns from an innovation project. Two Harvard Business School professors analyzed how companies that want to innovate can do more with less during the economic downturn. Another paper highlighted the issues tackled at the World Economic Forum held in Davod in January 2009.

Regions need to tailor their own place-based policies because there is no 'one-size-fits-all' regional innovation policy framework. Each region is characterized by different institutional capacities related to political, economic and social contexts enabling or constraining the design and implementation of place-based policies. This paper uses an instrumental-use multiple case study approach to explore the design and implementation of place-based policies within the institutional arrangements of four regional innovation agencies (RIAs) established in three different regional contexts inside and outside the European Union: one in the Brainport region (the Netherlands), two in the Basque Country (Spain) and one in Medellín (Colombia). In analyzing the RIAs' similarities and differences, this paper explores the complexity of designing and implementing place-based innovation policies in different regional innovation systems (RISs) while noting important policy implications for regional innovation governance and institutional arrangements to upgrade RIS in a more systematic manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the new development pattern, green low-carbon and digital economy become two mainstream development directions in China. Against the background 'dual carbon' strategies, based on the data of China between 2010 and 2018 at the city level, The paper adopts dynamic spatial Durbin models to investigate the causal links causal between digital economy and carbon intensity by constructing different spatial weight matrices, and explore the influence of human capital with threshold model. Results show that：(1) Urban digital economy and carbon intensity show significant positive spatial correlation characteristics. The carbon reduction of digital economy has obvious spatial spillover effect under different spatial weight matrices. (2) Industrial structure upgrading, technological innovation and resource allocation optimization are effective channels through which digital economy contributes to carbon emission reduction. (3) A double-threshold effect of human capital is evident in the carbon reduction of digital economy. The findings offer new perspectives and empirical evidence for understanding the causality relation between the digital economy and carbon emission, and those conclusions have important policy implications for how to promote the digital economy development and thus achieve the 'double carbon goal'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between institutional quality and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows using panel data of 42 G20 countries from 2005 to 2020. The results indicate a positive association between them. Mediating analyses reveal that institutional quality attracts FDI inflows by increasing trade openness, accelerating industrial structure optimization, and encouraging technological innovation. Furthermore, financial development, tax level, and natural resource abundance moderates the positive association between institutional quality and FDI inflows. Among them, financial development and natural resource abundance strengthen the promoting role of institutional quality in attracting FDI; the tax level weakens this process. These findings have implications for policymakers seeking to make full use of favourable institutions to achieve sustainable growth of FDI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights notable papers and articles related to research and technology management. They include "Open versus Closed Innovation: A Model of Discovery and Divergence," by Esteve Almirall and Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, "Managing Alliances with the Balanced Scorecard," by Robert S. Kaplan, David P. Norton and Bjourne Rugelsjoen, and "Wanted: A First National Bank of Innovation," by Edmund S. Phelps and Leo M. Tilman.

The article presents information on articles and reports about research and development published in several periodicals. It includes "Special Issue: Venture Capital: A New Mode of Financing Innovation," in the "International Journal of Technology Management," "The Value of Innovation: The Interaction of Competition, R&D and IP," by Christine Greenhalgh and Mark Rogers in "Research Policy," and "The Role of Corporate Scientists in Innovation," by Ryuzo Furukawa and Akira Goto in "Research Policy."

Reviews several articles and research paper related to industrial research and management. "Connect and Develop: Inside Procter & Gamble's New Model for Innovation," by Larry Huston and Nabil Sakkab, published in the March 2006 issue of "Harvard Business Review"; "Primer on "Open Innovation": Principles and Practcie," by Michael Docherty; ""Open Innovation" Myths, Realities and Opportunities," by Henry Chesborough; "THe Why, What and How of Innovation," by Gary Hamel.

Acquisition is one way for senior leadership to manage disruptive innovation: they can acquire a company after the company has done the search for product market fit and gotten its first customers. That paper led a lot of large companies to think that they could simply adopt what startups were doing and innovate like startups. Lean Startup is only part of the solution Lean Startup and Corporate Innovation: An Interview with Steve Blank: Jim Euchner talks with Steve Blank about innovation in corporations. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents an overview of several papers and articles on technological innovations. They include "Innovation Management Techniques and Tools: A Review From Theory and Practice," which reviews the scope, trends, and major actors in the development and use of methods to manage innovation in a knowledge-driven economy. "Harnessing the Hackers: The Emergence and Exploitation of Outlaw Innovation," which explores the role and impact of hacking activities on firm innovation, and "Reverse Engineering Google's Innovation Machine," which identified key innovation practices that have contributed to the success of Google's innovation machine.

Interorganizational business process reengineering is a logical extension of discussions of the potential for interorganizational systems to fundamentally redefine relationships among buyers, sellers, and even competitors within an industry. This paper presents a model of the relationship between technological and process innovations and describes the interdependence of these two forces. This model is used to explain the inconsistency in the literature regarding the benefits of EDI and other interorganizational systems, which are described as providing strategic competitive advantage in some papers and as providing little or no benefits for implementing firms in other articles. The framework describes the importance of merging technological and process innovations in order to transform organizations, processes, and relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Each year, Pi Sigma Epsilon sponsors a national conference on professional selling and sales management. The article presents abstracts of the papers presented at that conference. "Quality and Marketing and Sales," by Warren S. Martin, discusses the transformation of America's industry to the total quality orientation and the reasons for the change. The central issue is that competition is forcing American industry to change their ways and be more responsive to customer needs and wants. "Interactive Video Training: The Use of Expert System in Sales Training," by Warren S. Martin and John Lanasa reviews interactive video systems, a new technology for sales training. The system is the merge of computer and video technology with the use of a compact disc for the storage and retrieval of vast amounts of data. "An Investigation Into the Importance of Education and Nonacademic Experience for Beginning Industrial Salespeople," by Duane P. Bachmann, Donny E. Terry and Richard D. Foster investigates the sales force selection factors related to academic background and nonacademic experience desired by management for beginning industrial salespeople.

The article presents a critique by Philip Sporn of the papers concerning "The Control of Science for Civil Needs" written by Anthony Wedgwood Benn, Myron Tribus, Daniel C. Drucker, and Alan Mencher. The papers all express faith in science and technology in solving mankind's problems. Although science and technology has contributed to economic and political upliftment, man also mistrusts it, given that science may also become an instrument in the annihilation of mankind. The tragedy is that science, technology and big business have diverted man from ethical and moral imperatives.

The article presents abstracts on technological innovation which include a discussion of radical innovation management in networks of high-tech strategic partners, an investigation of China's progress in terms of innovation and an analysis of the organizational influence of the chief technology officer (CTO) on organizations.

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have the potential to offer a large number of benefits such as reducing the energy consumed and reducing the anxiety of the drivers. On the other side, the degree to which AVs will be adopted mainly depends on the public attitude and acceptance of this emerging technology. Over the last few years, AVs got involved in multiple accidents with different levels of severity. These accidents were widely covered in the media, creating a debate about the safety of this technology and discouraging people from adopting this new technology even if it offers a safer environment. In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted to understand the impact of accidents involving AVs on the public perception of this technology for respondents with different demographic characteristics (age, gender, education, income, and prior knowledge about AVs). The results show the most negative shift in the attitude occurs for respondents who are older, female, and have no prior knowledge about AVs or their incidents. Additionally, the results shed light on the importance of educating the public about AVs in order to guarantee the highest level of acceptance. Finally, the findings of this paper can help AVs developer, policymakers, and transport planning agencies in understating the public attitude after accidents in order to react properly to avoid discouraging people from adopting AVs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is significant interest in emerging technologies. Universities, companies and other adopters are researching how and when these technologies should be implemented. However, this research area still lacks ways to evaluate the maturity level of the technologies and rapid experimentation concepts for testing the new technologies. This paper addresses the research gap by providing a new evaluation method and a rapid experimentation concept. This method and concept were successfully used in twenty-five Flash-projects, where five emerging digital Industry 4.0 themes evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Raw observations (carrier-phase and code observations) from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) can now be accessed from Android mobile phones (Version 7.0 onwards). This paves the way for GNSS data to be utilized for low-cost precise positioning or in ionospheric or tropospheric applications. This paper presents results from data collection campaigns using the CAMALIOT mobile app. In the first campaign, 116.3 billion measurements from 11,828 mobile devices were collected from all continents. Although participation decreased during the second campaign, data are still being collected globally. In this contribution, we demonstrate the potential of volunteered geographic information (VGI) from mobile phones to fill data gaps in geodetic station networks that collect GNSS data, e.g. in Brazil, but also how the data can provide a denser set of observations than current networks in countries across Europe. We also show that mobile phones capable of dual-frequency reception, which is an emerging technology that can provide a richer source of GNSS data, are contributing in a substantial way. Finally, we present the results from a survey of participants to indicate that participation is diverse in terms of backgrounds and geography, where the dominant motivation for participation is to contribute to scientific research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two thirds of hydrological observation networks in developing countries are reported to be in poor or declining condition. At the same time innovation in sensor technologies and data processing are presenting opportunities for enhancing observation networks that are not being realized. The World Meteorological Organization's Global Hydrometry Support Facility, or WMO HydroHub, was launched in 2016 to transform assistance to operational water monitoring agencies around the world. If successful, the initiative will increase the amount of hydrometric data available to researchers, catchment managers and water policy makers. To those unfamiliar with UN organizations, however, the nature of such initiatives, the reasoning behind the decisions taken to establish them and the mechanisms by which they try to deliver benefits for society, can be opaque. This paper adopts a novel dialogue-style format to explore the set-up of the WMO HydroHub and build awareness amongst those who ultimately may benefit from its approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new Coronavirus disease 2019 has spread globally since 2019. Consequently, businesses from different sectors were forced to work remotely. At the same time, research in this area has seen a rise in studying and emerging technologies that allow and promote such a remote working style; not every sector is equipped for such a transition. The manufacturing sector especially, has faced challenges in this respect. This paper investigates the mental workload (MWL) of two groups of participants through a human-machine interaction task. Participants were required to bring a robotised cell to full production by tuning system and dispensing process parameters. Following the experiment, a self-assessment of the participants' perceived MWL using the raw NASA Task Load Index (RTLX) was collected. The results reveal that remote participants tend to have a lower perceived workload compared to the local participants, but mental demand was deemed higher while performance was rated lower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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