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This paper investigates the competitive responses of China Eastern to the entry of Spring Airlines into its hub airports in Shanghai. The analysis takes into account of the actual and adjacent competition for both LCCs and full-service airlines (FSAs) within an airport-pair framework. The results of the econometric analysis showed that Spring put downward pressure on the average fares of China Eastern and other FSAs. But China Eastern responded more aggressively than other FSAs to Spring's competition on routes from the same and nearby airports. Having said that, the moderate price reduction of 4%–4.9% suggests that China Eastern did not perceive Spring as a serious competitor. Such limited impacts are due to restrictions imposed by the regulator onto Spring Airlines in terms of capacity control and access to major trunk routes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper reviews the privatization and commercialization of China''s airports. It looks at the history of change and the ways in which change has been brought about. There remain a number of challenges that constrain the further development of the airports. In the long run, both central and local authorities may have to pursue the course of even greater diversification and commercialization airport ownership structures, while the continuing lack of concrete and transparent performance indicators to gauge policy successes or failures is hampering this reform process as China''s Aviation Industry muddles through the rough waters ahead. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper describes events in the last decade in China''s airline markets and clarifies some misunderstandings in regard to the 2002 airline consolidations that brought sweeping changes to that country''s aviation markets. Some possible reasons for the 2002 consolidations are inferred through analysing the data and facts of the late 1990s and early 2000s. We conclude that the consolidations may be a natural response to the changes that accompanied airline deregulation in China. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]