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Blockchain is a decentralised peer to peer ledger of data. It provides features like Immutability, Transparency, and Trustworthiness. Due to all the benefits, blockchain can have a great impact in the field of education. In education, there is already a growing problem of fake certificates. Blockchain can prove to be a great solution to solve this issue. For this purpose, we took a deeper look at what is blockchain and what is being done in the education domain with regards to storing certificates and verification of them using blockchain technology. In particular, we explored how Smart Contracts can be used to provide storage for certificates. Finally, we looked at the challenges in adopting blockchain-based solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In any democratic country, Voting is the root of democracy. It is the process that allows every single citizen to contribute to the democracy of the country. India is one of the countries with flawed democracy having a fair and free voting system in the elections. Worldwide countries, including India, are facing issues of security and transparency in the voting system. There are many opportunities due to technological advancements to make the voting system more powerful and trustworthy. Blockchain Technology is the latest advancement that offers a secure and temper-free system. This is the almost perfectly suitable option to provide privacy to voters and trust in any voting system in the current era. The main objective of this study is to find out the work done in blockchain technology in the field of electronic voting. In this paper, we have reviewed papers which are describing different systems for voting using blockchain. In the next step, we are able to find out the limitations identified from the review of the blockchain-based electronic voting system. In the final step, we can conclude about the role of blockchain technology in Electronic Voting. The review will be useful to understand the role of blockchain in improving the voting system worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 has developed as a highly infectious illness with vast numbers of outbreaks and casualties worldwide. The successful response to this pandemic is vital to the timely and reliable studies, as they help detect and mitigate pathogens (isolate and cure). This paper discusses this problem and contributes to it by implementing a blockchain-based approach involving self-sovereign identity (SSI) and shared storage like IPFS. Oursolution provides COVID-19 test-taker with wireless medical passports (DMP) and immune certificates. Smart contracts based on a Ethereum blockchain retains the unique digital identity for tested users who help the relevant medical authorities respond directly in a fast and trustworthy way. This solution will help significantly in contactless identification to reduce coronaspread. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blockchain is a peer to peer based network where only sender and a receiver are involved in a transaction and it removes the involvement of trusted third party so as to make itfast and cheap. The blockchain technology is expanding and pro-grassing day by day and incorporates a truly shinning future in the coming years. The transparency, trust and temper proof characteristics have led to numerous applications of it like bitc oin, ethereal etc. It may be a successful technology in making the business and organizational activities more secure, proficient and impressive. Although there are tremendous features of this technology but still the security is a big concern over it. In this paper we are going to discuss some major vulnerabilities and their possible solutions provided by the authors on blockchain technology and we will also propose a framework for software loopholeissue to save the network from any kind of pitfalls where it simply keep distanced the untrusted network with the nodes of the blockchain [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blockchain is regarded as an approach that can increase the level of trust in the networking environment since its recorded transaction details using cryptographic techniques that make it immutable. Apart from its cryptographic ability, consensus mechanism has made Blockchain to be the main alternative in achieving trust in the network, especially in future Internet architecture such as Named Data Networking (NDN). In NDN, everyone can publish any content and distribute it, including the contaminated content. The contaminated content will be stored in cache memory and contaminate the cache memory. Since NDN does not predefine any trust schema, any nodes can certify the data authority. In this context, this paper attempt to propose a new data authentication scheme using the Blockchain's Proof-of-Trust consensus mechanism. The Proof-of-Trust mechanism is based on a trust anchor that aggregate votes from consortium of nodes before authenticating, distributing and storing content in the cache memory. The use of Proof-of-Trust mechanism in NDN will be deliberated in this paper. This new authentication scheme is expected to solve the issues of contaminated cache memory as well as to provide a new alternative of data authentication in the future Internet environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The W3C typically describes web services as: "a piece of software that is designed to support machine-to-machine interoperability over a network. With the rapid expansion of functionally similar web services over the internet exposes a great challenge for users to identify the web service origin and integrity process. A traditional centralized web service registry drastically shifts the dynamic power of web services, by establishing a platform for service provider‟s to advertise their self-contained, self-reliable and self-governing data. Though, these centralized infrastructures do not offer easy way to explore available services for users in thenetwork, and also nor have the ability to verify their origin and history. The contribution of the paper is to address these challenges by leveraging the decentralized, immutable, tamper-proof Blockchain technology by establishing Blockchain service registry and execution via smart contract for secured semantic web service discovery. This allows users to explore the services in a network and also able to identify its service origin and integrity. Our first evaluation shows the promising results with this system paradigm in the field of web service provisioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Underlying structure of a blockchain brings trust between two parties as compared to the traditional networks. To increase the trust, we include the use of Ricardian contracts between two parties. The aim of this paper is to find out ways and feasibility to implement a Ricardian contract in the proposed blockchain-based system to enhance trust in the existing system. The process includes the creation of Ricardian contracts automatically through the user chats. Once created they are signed by both parties on-chain. Once agreed upon the signed copy would be saved in the blockchain network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a modern democracy, the election is a very distinctive occurrence, but some parts of the society don't trust their election system to be fair which is one of the major concerns for the countries democracy. Also, the most democratic nations, such as Japan, the United States of America, and India, have flawed electoral processes. Electronic voting machine hacking and vote rigging, electoral fraud, and capturing the polling booth are some of the major issues in current election system. In this paper, we are trying to give a best possible solution for this issue and an E-voting system. Also, this paper aims to implement applications of blockchain as a service. The paper's section will highlight some of the most common blockchain systems that provide blockchain as a service that is focused on blockchain and reduces the risk of the issues listed above while also protecting voter identification while remaining open to the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BIM as a computer-aided modeling technology is seen as a fundamental necessity in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry due to its ability to visualize the design, manage project information, and collaborate between stakeholders. Despite the benefits, the BIM process deals with a series of risks related to data ownership, trust, transparency, and security. Thus, researchers and academics explore blockchain, a decentralized distributed ledger technology, to obtain a solution addressing these problems and improving project collaboration. This paper examines the existing research studies on integrating BIM and blockchain in the AEC industry and maps its implementation at different stages of the project life cycle. The results conclude that the integration of BIM and blockchain can significantly improve BIM performance in all AEC project stages. It provides a secure and effective platform for data management, supply management, automated payment system, safety inspection information system and builds permit issuance system and monitoring and management system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blockchain Technology has as of late got a great deal of interest from specialists and professionals. This is generally attributable to its particular qualities, which incorporate decentralization, security, trustworthiness, and information honesty. Regardless of this rising interest, little is had some familiarity with the current degree of information and practice with regards to the utilization of blockchain innovation in instruction. This paper presents an exhaustive outline of examination on blockchain-based instructive applications. Its concentrations on three primary themes: (1) educational applications manufactured using blockchain technology, (2) the benefits that blockchain technology might offer to education, and (3) the obstacles of implementing blockchain in education. For each subject, a full analysis of the data was performed, as well as an in-depth discussion based on the findings. Other educational fields that might benefit from blockchain technology are also discussed in this report. The present article focused on blockchain technology's potential educational uses and looked at how it may be used to address certain educational concerns. Before looking into some of the current educational blockchain applications, this article first examined the capabilities and benefits of blockchain technology. The merits and downsides of applying blockchain technology in education were discussed, as well as several unique uses of blockchain technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blockchain offering various impactful data communication services across the network platform, the measurable characteristics of Blockchain are it's impressive features like immutability, consensus, proof of work and smart contracting technology bring Blockchain as a one of the strong technology of present and future network, if one talk about the network like MANET then the lack of communication resources makes wireless network very poor in which low capacity sensors are facing very serious problem of attacks, since outside attackers can access data, which makes MANET network very poor and low featured network for present as well as future of mobile ad hoc network technology, in this case Blockchain can be the best solution for lacking technology, Blockchain brings a trustworthy environment for the storage of data and also the management of intermediates like other participates since Blockchain ensure the security of data as well as the validity of authorized participation makes Blockchain technology beneficial for the deployment MANET through a series of blocks. This paper we put a latest research idea of deploying a trustworthy communication system in traditional MANET using Blockchain based data exchanging algorithm called BSLS (Blockchain based secured lightweight shield) and also concentrate on the challenging part of Blockchain in MANET like selection of valid and authorized node to involve in the process of communication along with reducing the complexity issues occurred during the management and maintenance of Blockchain deployment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper proposes a trusted and secure e-service that can be treated as a durable medium. The presented approach utilizes a blockchain database (managed by the trusted third party) combined with the cryptographic methods (signing with an electronic seal and data encryption). The service is mainly oriented towards the large financial institutions (e.g., banks) that require agreements on a document with a large number of customers, but it can also be applied for other enterprises or industrial areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]