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In this paper, we modify some sort of Runge-Kutta methods developed by David and Olin which needless function evaluation than ordinary corresponding Runge-Kutta methods. We improve the stability region of these methods by adding a suitable term for the formulas of the methods. We have shown these improvements theoretically and practically.

ABSTRACT In this paper the synthesis of 4-substituted benzoxazole [3,4-b] imidazole (9,10) and 4-aryl hexahydrobenzoxazole [3,4-b] imidazole (13,14) is reported. Glycine was treated with benzoyl chloride or p-nitrobenzoyl chloride to give N-aroyl glycine (1,2), the reaction of N-aroyl glycine with thionyl chloride followed by treatment the product (3,4) with ammonium hydroxide to give N-aroyl glycine amide (5,6). Treatment of the amide with 1-bromocyclohexanone gave N-methylene-2-hexahydrobenzoxazole) aryl amide (7,8), cyclization of this gave product (9,10), whereas the compounds (13,14) was synthesized from o-aminophenol and the acid chlorides to give N-methylene (2-benzoxazole) aryl amide (11,12) which cyclized with phosphorous oxychloride to give the products (13,14). The structure of all synthesized compounds were confirmed by physical and spectral data.

Abstract This paper discusses a suggested approach for new kind of Speech Signal Compression Algorithm based on KL transform (Karhunen-Loève transform) which normally used with digital image. Speech signal (which is single sequence) rearranged in form of two dimension square matrix to be suitable for KL transformation. Then to be compressed using different no. of eigen values and eigenvectors. Measuring the performance of applied KL transformation (by evaluating the PSNR and SNR factors) with different numbers of eigen values and vectors studied. High rate of compression with high SNR, PSNR got with so closed speech signal to the original one measured using correlation factor which gives values near to 1. In addition to short time needed for compression operation.

Abstract This paper proposes a novel algorithm for the automatic classification of iris images using a 2_D (two Dimension) Variation to estimate the fractal dimensions of the iris. The new technique divided in to three main step. In the first step the segmentation process in iris recognition is used to localize the circular iris and pupil regions, excluding eyelids and eyelashes. The extracted iris region is normalized into a squares block with constant dimensions. In the second step, the feature extraction techniques are improved and implemented. A new feature extraction technique based on a 2_D Variation to estimate the fractal dimensions is used. Finally The Normalized Correlation is used to classify the iris features. The techniques performed with perfect segmentation on a set of 995 iris images of greyscale eye images from MMU database. The as False Accept Rate (FAR) and False Reject Rate (FRR) and (RR) recognition rate are calculated for this technique. The results of the algorithm proved that. The a 2D (two Dimension) Variation to estimate the fractal dimensions method it is a good feature extraction technique. It gives FAR=(1.02) and FRR= (0.52) and a high recognition rate is 98.45%..

Abstract Voice compression is one of the important subject today specially in field of communication and application so in this paper, speech compression was adopted based on hybrid technique between wavelet and Huffman code. Wavelet in single dimension can reduce the signal size to half of the original in each level, then using Huffman code to store output the file. Hybrid between the above two techniques give high rate of compression ratio, and closed returned signal from the original one, because of the coding technique from the lossless classification but the idea of sample down was achieved with the wavelet which produce little loss in the retrieved data, while the effected of the wavelet is positive effect due to the reduction of the high frequencies, which effect as noise in most application[specially in speech],in addition to that it give high redundancy in the component of the speech signal [in low-low components]. The practical application of the proposed algorithm give (30%) compression ratio plus stability when the file size growth up. SNR&MSE show that retrieved speech quality is good.

This research paper tackles a developed method for Ibuprofen and Nystatin drugs determination both in their pure form and pharmaceutical formulations. The proposed method is based on the formation of binary complexes (ion association complexes) between the above drugs and Chromotrope 2R (C2R) in acidic medium forming a reddish orange colour. The complexes show maximum absorption at 562 nm and 566 nm for Ibuprofen and Nystatin respectively. The method was adhering to the Beer's law over concentration range 10-90 and 2-40 μg/ml with molar absorptivity values 1.36×103 and 7.59×103 l. mol-1. cm-1and average recovery 99.77% and 100.60 % for the above mentioned drugs respectively. No observed interferences appeared from the excipients commonly existed in pharmaceuticals. Successfully, application for both Ibuprofen and Nystatin was conducted in their pharmaceutical formulations.