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Pipunculus Latreille, 1802 is a cosmopolitan genus of big-headed flies (Pipunculidae), with nine known species in the Neotropical region, but completely unknown in Colombia. Three new species of Pipunculus are described from Colombia, namely Pipunculus caeruleus sp. nov. (type-locality: Pramo de Santa Ins, Belmira), P. chiminiguagua sp. nov. (type-locality: Cabaa Chaina, Santuario de Fauna y Flora Iguaque) and P. planus sp. nov. (type-locality: Los Mudos, Santuario de Fauna y Flora Iguaque). Illustrations and a new dichotomic key to the Neotropical species are presented. This paper increases the number of Neotropical Pipunculus to 11, five in South America and three in Colombia, which is now the South American country with the highest diversity of this genus.

A taxonomic study of the species of the Darwin wasp genus Eiphosoma Cresson, 1865 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Cremastinae) from the department of Caquet, Colombia, resulted in five new species being described: E. caqueta sp. nov. (Type locality: Curillo, Caquet), E. eneke sp. nov. (Type locality: San Vicente del Cagun, Caquet) E. interpunctum sp. nov. (Type locality: Solano, Caquet,), E. rumi sp. nov. (Type locality: Florencia, Caquet) and E. sinecarenatum sp. nov. (Type locality: Florencia, Caquet). With this paper, the number of Eiphosoma species from Colombia increases from three to 16. Eiphosoma bogan Gauld, 2000; E. dentator (Fabricius, 1804); E. dolopon Gauld, 2000; E. fluminense Costa Lima, 1953; E. fuzhi Gauld, 2000; E. macrum (Enderlein, 1921); E. minense Costa Lima, 1953 and E. tantalium Gauld, 2000 are recorded for the first time from Colombia. A dichotomous key to the Colombian species is presented.

This paper describes Dishkeya ursipedella Diškus, Mey & Stonis, sp. nov. from Cundinamarca, Choachi (Colombia). The new species was collected at night time at light, therefore, the host plant remains unknown. The examination of morphology of the male genitalia of D. ursipedella revealed a highly distinctive new taxon of trumpet moths belonging to the recently described endemic genus Dishkeya Stonis. The new species is illustrated with photographs of the male genitalia, adults, and habitats. In a pictorial scheme, the male genitalia characters of D. ursipedella are compared with those of all other currently known members of Dishkeya.

The pipunculid genera Cephalops Falln, 1810 and Semicephalops De Meyer, 1994 are cosmopolitan in distribution. These two genera have just a few species known from the Neotropical Region and they were completely unknown to Colombia. Four new species of Cephalops and one species of Semicephalops are described from protected areas and conflict-territories of limited access in Colombia, namely Cephalops acutus sp. nov. (type locality: Caaveral, Magdalena), C. gracilis sp. nov. (type locality: El Nspero, Boyac), C. klinsmanni sp. nov. (type locality: Las Brisas, Caquet), C. lobatus sp. nov. (type locality: El Nspero, Boyac) and Semicephalops folium sp. nov. (type locality: Quebrada Carrizal, Boyac). With this paper, the number of Cephalops species from the Neotropical Region increase from 13 to 17 and that of Semicephalops from five to six. Cephalops amapaensis Rafael, 1990 and Semicephalops inpaganus Rafael, 1990 are recorded for the first time from Colombia, and amended diagnosis are provided for both. A dichotomic key to the Neotropical species of both genera is presented.

Our study pertains to the systematics and diversity of non-biting midges of the genus Tanytarsus van der Wulp, 1874 from the Neotropical region and in particular, Colombia, a country scarcely studied for these dipterans to date. Adult male specimens collected from the Colombian Llanos and Andes biomes belong to five species described as new in the present paper: Tanytarsus colombiensis sp. nov. (placed in the caipira species group, here defined), T. germani sp. nov. and T. gnomon sp. nov. (both placed in the curvicristatus group, here defined), T. lulu sp. nov. (in the ligulatus group, here defined) and T. meta sp. nov. (the riopreto group). Also an illustrated brief redescription of the adult male of T. hastatus Sublette et Sasa, 1994 is provided. After reclassification of Caladomyia Swedal, 1981, the name accepted as a junior synonym of Tanytarsus, several species names became homonyms, thus they are here proposed to be replaced with substitute names, as follows: Tanytarsus reiffi nom. nov. pro Tanytarsus reissi (Reiff, 2000); Tanytarsus sanseverinoi nom. nov. pro Tanytarsus angelae Trivinho-Strixino et Shimabukuro, 2017; Tanytarsus trivinhostrixinoi nom. nov. pro Tanytarsus fittkaui Sanseverino et Trivinho-Strixino, 2010. Rheotanytarsus breda (Roback, 1960) comb. nov. is excluded from Tanytarsus. An annotated checklist of Neotropical Tanytarsus, with 89 species, is also presented.

The huntsman spider genus Anaptomecus was proposed by Simon (1903) to include the type species, A. longiventris Simon, 1903, described from a juvenile male collected in Cayambé (San Pedro de Cayambé), Pichincha, Ecuador. Mello-Leitão (1940) described a second species, A. rufescens, from a female collected in Essequibo River, Guyana. The genus remained unstudied until the early 2000's when Jäger et al. (2009) described the adult male and female of A. longiventris and transferred A. rufescens to Sparianthina Banks, 1929. In this same paper, the authors described A. temii Jäger, Rheims Labarque, 2009, based on a male from Panama, and A. levyi Jäger, Rheims Labarque, 2009, based on a female from Colombia. A few years later, Guala et al. (2012), increased the number of known species with the descriptions of A. paru Guala, Labarque Rheims, 2012 and A. suni Guala, Labarque Rheims, 2012, both based on males and females from Ecuador. Thus, Anaptomecus currently includes five species and is distributed in southern Central and northern South America, from Costa Rica to central Ecuador (Puerto Napo, Napo) (World Spider Catalog 2018).

Liaghinella Wygodzinsky, 1966 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae: Metapterini), is an endemic Neotropical genus with two described species, one from Jamaica and one from Colombia. In this paper we describe two additional new species from the high Andes in Colombia, Liaghinella heldamariae sp. nov from Monserrate and Villa de Leyva, and L. tuberculata sp. nov. from Chicaque Natural Park, both in the Eastern Cordillera. The new species were collected very close to the type locality of the previously known Colombian species, L. andina Forero, 2007. These two new species differ from L. andina by having both a pair of conspicuous tubercles on the posterior margin of the pronotum, and by the structure of the male and female genitalia. Species diagnosis and descriptions, digital macrophotographies, and a key to separate the species of Liaghinella are presented. A discussion on the small range distributions exhibited by the high Andean species of Liaghinella is provided.

Chopard (1916) published a brief paper in which he cited and described a number of praying mantis species from the neotropics. The specimens he studied belonged to the prominent Spanish Entomologist Ignacio Bolívar y Urrutia (1850-1944), whose collection is now housed at the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales in Madrid (MNCN), Spain (Izquierdo et al. 1997). In this publication Chopard described Thespoides bolivari Chopard, 1916 as a new genus and species, based on a single male obtained by French coleopterist René Oberthür in Cauca, Colombia. According to Chopard (1916) the specimen was remarkable for having, among other features, an abdomen that is markedly shorter than the rest of its body-certainly an unusual morphological trait among the Mantodea. Chopard assigned Thespoides to the Miopteryginae (Thespidae), but it was later reassigned (together with Angela Serville, 1839 as the "Angelae group") to the subfamily Schizocephalinae (Mantidae) by Giglio-Tos (1927). Current classifications consider the Angelinae to comprise a distinct subfamily of the Mantidae, with Thespoides and Angela as the only representatives of this subfamily with a Neotropical distribution (e.g. Ehrmann 2002).

This paper describes and illustrates females and males of two species of Caenohalictus Cameron, 1903: C. sabanaensis n.sp. and C. alexandrei n.sp. Both species are commonly collected in the Savanna of Bogotá, a high plateau in the central region of the Eastern Andes of Colombia. Notes on morphological variations within and among the species, as well as comments on some biological aspects and images of diagnostic structures are provided.

This paper provides some observations on the anatomy of the neotropical katydid Arachnoscelis arachnoides Karny (Insecta: Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). Arachnoscelis is a genus of predaceous katydids that comprise species that resemble spiders in their general body appearance. The type species, A. arachnoids, was described in 1891 from a single male collected in Colombia. Following the original description, these creatures were never found again, and were thought to have gone extinct or mistakenly assigned to the type locality. But between 1891 and 2012 four more species were described and in- correctly assigned to Arachnoscelis based on a similarity of body form. In this paper we present an anatomical comparaison of Arachnoscelis and its relatives, and propose that Arachnoscelis should be treated as a monotypic genus. This implies that other species previously described in Arachnoscelis, should be placed in different genera.