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Background and Aim: Increasing healthcare organizations' efficiency is a necessity due to the resource scarcity in health sector. The aim of this study was to evaluate hospitals' efficiency in Iran. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach to find empirical research papers published on hospital efficiency in Iran between 1997 and 2016. Seven electronic databases and two search engines were searched using appropriate key words. Bibliography section of the retrieved papers and related journals were also searched for papers that were not yet indexed in the data bases. 1563 publications were identified. All retrieved papers were assessed using a checklist before analysis. Finally 91 empirical studies were reviewed. Results: Data Envelopment Analysis, Pabon Lasso and Stochastic Frontier Analysis methods were mostly used for measuring hospital efficiency respectively. The average efficiency of Iran hospitals varied between 0.584 and 0.998. Hospitals affiliated to Social security organisation were more efficient. In contrast, non teaching public hospitals and charity and private hospitals were less efficient. Number of hospital beds and manpower were the most used input variables and number of outpatients and inpatients patient and surgical procedures were the most used output variables in Data Envelopment Analysis. Stochastic Frontier Analysis method has more advantage in measuring hospital efficiency compared to Data Envelopment Analysis. Conclusion: Iran hospitals suffer from inefficiency. Thus, managers should identify the reasons for hospitals' ineffeiciency and apply measures for increasing their efficiency and reducing wastage of limited resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are the most reliable sources of evidence in evidence-based practice. Analyzing the scientometric and authorship features of these articles at the national level can provide useful information for various decision-makers. This study aimed to investigate the scientometric and authorship characteristics of Iran’s systematic review and meta-analysis articles indexed in Scopus. Materials and Methods: The current research was conducted using a scientometric approach. The research population includes 9579 systematic review and meta-analysis articles published between 2011 and 2021, and Iran is the affiliated country of at least one of the authors. The quantitative and qualitative growth process of articles as well as the authorship characteristics are examined in this research, among other things. Results: Review of 9579 articles indicate an increasing trend in the publication, with the highest number of articles (2565) being published in 2021. The thematic analysis shows that the majority of articles are related to the field of Medicine, with 7112 articles, followed by Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology with 1433 articles. The highest H-index, 68, refers to the year 2018 and the highest percentage of articles included in the Hirsch Index horizon refers to the year 2011. The highest average number of citations per article is 146.44, observed in 2012, while the lowest is 4.62, reported in 2021. The highest average number of citations in relation to the age of the articles was 9735/34 in 2020, whereas the minimum was 279 in 2011.Calculating the percentage of articles above the H-index horizontal line based on total articles of each year, along with the average citation per article, shows a decreasing trend with slight fluctuations. On the other hand, there is a growing trend when considering the number of citations in relation to the age of the articles. The lowest average author count (5.48) is linked to 2011, whereas the highest count (12) is related to 2012. The first and the corresponding author of more than 91% of the articles was from Iran. In conducting the examined articles, researchers from the United States collaborated the most (12.05%) with researchers from Iran. University of Tehran, as the authors' affiliated organization, has contributed the most to the examined articles (27.81%). The Iranian Journal of Public Health has published the most of the examined articles (36/1%). Conclusion: The articles under investigation show an increasing trend of growth, yet further research is needed to assess their qualitative trend. Given the rising significance of evidence-based practice, the stakeholders need to ensure the maintenance of the quantitative growth trend and the enhancement of the qualitative growth of these articles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: In recent years, the family physician plan has been implemented as a main strategy of the health system in Iran. Therefore, the necessity to reform organizational structure based on new goals and strategies is felt more than before. The aim of this study is to review and summarize all cases about Iran's organizational structure and its challenges in primary healthcare system. Materials and Methods: This study is a systematic review. All relevant databases, bibliography of related papers, and laws were searched using appropriate search strategies and keywords. To evaluate the quality of selected papers, CASP tool was applied by two experts, and their choices were discussed to reach a final decision. Results: Fourteen final cases were categorized in two groups: papers and upstream policies and laws. The results revealed the ineffectiveness of current organizational structure at different levels. The majority of the findings suggested proper reforms in the system. Centralization and delegation processes were the main dimensions studied. Conclusion: Due to fundamental changes in goals and strategies, certain reforms in the organizational structure of health system in Iran are indispensable, especially at peripheral levels. Key words: Primary Health Care System, Organizational Structure, Iran Background and Aim: In recent years, the family physician plan has been implemented as a main strategy of the health system in Iran. Therefore, the necessity to reform organizational structure based on new goals and strategies is felt more than before. The aim of this study is to review and summarize all cases about Iran's organizational structure and its challenges in primary healthcare system. Materials and Methods: This study is a systematic review. All relevant databases, bibliography of related papers, and laws were searched using appropriate search strategies and keywords. To evaluate the quality of selected papers, CASP tool was applied by two experts, and their choices were discussed to reach a final decision. Results: Fourteen final cases were categorized in two groups: papers and upstream policies and laws. The results revealed the ineffectiveness of current organizational structure at different levels. The majority of the findings suggested proper reforms in the system. Centralization and delegation processes were the main dimensions studied. Conclusion: Due to fundamental changes in goals and strategies, certain reforms in the organizational structure of health system in Iran are indispensable, especially at peripheral levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Considering the elements of knowledge management (availability, creation, and transfer of knowledge) is very important in digital libraries websites and makes the performance better. So this paper aim to identify the knowledge management criteria in Iranian selected digital library's websites and study of observance scale Materials and Methods: The research method was descriptive survey and from applied research type. Data collecting has been based on check list according with K-ACT model (Knowledge- Access Creation Transfer). The population of this study was 7 digital library websites, including Noor, Payame noor, Islamic Parliament, Tebyan, DID, National Digital Library of Iran and Astan Quds Razavi that were selected based on accessibility. Results: This research findings showed that use of knowledge management criteria in the selected digital libraries websites is moderate and the access to website criteria is highest and lowest is online participation criteria. Tebyan DL earned first rank among seven libraries with 56 percent compliance with the standards of knowledge management in the digital library's web sites. Conclusion: Study of knowledge management criteria in the selected digital library websites has shown that these criteria has not been favorably applied that it stems from criteria incompatible with the principles, rules and standards. Due to these problems, designers of digital libraries can be effective in promoting these websites and enhance the quality of digital library services with aware of users' needs and attention to use of these criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Heterogeneous insertion of Organizational affiliations can cause loss of ranking points in the national and international levels. So, we decided to investigate the different affiliations of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in scientific publications that indexed in Web of Science and their effect on the result of research activities evaluation in the year 2012. Materials and Methods: Methodology of this study is bibliometric approach with descriptive survey. The study included 1139 scientific production of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences that indexed in Web of Science in the first one in April 2011 to April 2012. Results: 1139 articles indexed in the Web of Science, 94/38% in the evaluation of the research activities of the ministry of health have been scored and 5/61% failed. Among the unsuccessful papers 1/01%, had been inserted affiliation incorrectly. One-sample t-test showed that the mean score of 1/01% has no significant statistical impact on the total average rating of products indexed in Web of Science. Conclusion: Investigation showed that standard insertion of affiliation has impact on enterprise University Ranked and University status at the international level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: An assessment framework is necessary in order to achieve the goals of health system in any country. The current study was done with the aim of measuring the effects of the aspects of performances on realization of health system goals. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, descriptiveanalytic which was carried out during the years 2014-2015. Four hundred and nineteen experts among all experts in the area of health by snowball and cluster sampling participated in the study. Collecting data was performed through the questionnaire of Health System Perfomance Assessment. The questionnaire’s validity was confirmed using content validity method and its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data was analyzed by means of Pearson correlation coefficient test and Regression using SPSS 22 software. Results: The results of Pearson correlation coefficient test showed that the two component functions on equitable access to health services, the functions of protection against financial risks and actions on targets were equal to 0/827, 0/655 and 0/870. Respectively the results of the test showed 87% of the variance explained the aims of the functional components. Thus, we conclude that the functions of the financial risk for changes in standard deviation units and functions on equitable access to health services was as much as 0/655, and 0/827 predictable. Conclusion: Since the aspects of performances influence the realization of health system goals, investigating the effects of performances on the health system goals can help policymakers and managers to improve the performance through identifying weaknesses and strengths, review of interventions and healthcare reform, and the management of the health system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: The Internet is an essential tool to access information in the new era, and the quality of information obtained from the web is very important. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to investigate the familiarity with and the application of criteria used to assess the quality of such data at Gonabad University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This survey study was done in the second semester of academic year 2012-2013. The population of the study consisted of all 235 bachelor students at Gonabad University of Medical Sciences. A five-item questionnaire based on the Likert scale was used for data collection; the reliability and validity of this questionnaire had been determined by similar studies. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 and descriptive statistics. Results: The results of this study revealed that most of the students paid much attention to the relevance of information (59.1%). Value-addedness (47.7%) and understandability (44.7%) enjoyed the next highest priorities. Consistency (19.1%) and credibility (12.8%) had the lowest priorities among students in terms of interest and application. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the students of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences did not pay attention to all information quality criteria in the web; rather, they paid more attention to the relevance and valueaddedness of the information while searching the web. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: The recently emerged symptoms of population aging have raised serious concerns in some developed countries. A recent report by the United Nations (UN) indicates that aging is more rapidly growing and is even more serious in developing countries than it is in certain other countries. Therefore, this study is aimed to determine the impression of aging on non-oil economic growth. Materials and Methods: A simple economic growth model was built which would take demographic variables into account. Then, using the country's data for the years 1967-2011, the researchers tried to estimate autoregressive distributed lags (ADL). The short- and long-term models, and error correction model were estimated using Microfit 4.0 software. Results: The findings show that physical capital, human capital and trade openness have a significant positive effect on per capita income, both in the long and in the short run. Similarly, the regression analysis indicates that “Ageing Index” may have a significant effect on economic growth in Iran's non-oil sector. Conclusion: Due to the young makeup of Iran's population, the signs of aging economy have not raised sensitiveness but predictions indicate that the aging process in Iran will be intensified in the coming decades and its negative effects will emerge in near future. Therefore, due to the long-term effects of aging on economic growth, working structure and retiredness reform policies, it is vital to stabilize population growth at an optimal rate, and more importantly, pay attention to capital storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]