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During its existence, the retail industry underwent profound transformations. Over the past three decades the retail industry has incorporated new technologies, namely Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things and Big Data Analytics. All these advancements deeply intensified competition in global retailing. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the businesses of global retailers. The purpose of the paper is to present and briefly analyse the evolution of the largest global retailers in terms of their retail revenues in the COVID-19 pandemic period 2020-2021. In this respect, a qualitative research method was used. The results of the paper show that global retailers are dominating the retail industry. They obtained impressive retail revenues even during the COVID-pandemic period 2020-2021. Walmart, the American giant, was by far the largest global retailer in that period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The appearance of the pandemic generated by COVID - 19 meant a turning point for many sectors of activity, the problem not being encountered only in our country but worldwide. One of the sectors affected by the pandemic is the hospitality sector, by presenting the paper making an analysis of the cash flow potential in this sector during the pandemic. We will make a comparison having as reference the cash flow potential of each company in the first half of 2020 compared to the first half of 2019. In the paper we not only aim to analyse the impact of the pandemic on cash flow potential but we will also an economic-mathematical modelling having as dependent variable the cash-flow potential and as independent variable the impact created by the pandemic. The regression model will be a binary logit type and will be obtained with the statistical program SPSS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pandemic has caused enormous economic costs by affecting banks, governments and financial markets. In this context, the main purpose of this paper is to show that cryptocurrencies have become one of the most traded financial assets in the last decade. The overall objective pursued in the paper was the major effect on the global economy and financial markets that the COVID-19 Pandemic had and which was the first real global shock since the first cryptocurrency was launched in 2009 until now. Natural disasters and pandemics are a source of contagion in global financial markets and an emerging line of research. Financial contagion can be the result of both financial and non-financial events, but in both cases, assessments require defining a timeframe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using Montenegro as a case study, this paper evaluates the viability of currency substitution, in this case euroization, as a response to increased financial volatility. Proponents of euroization outline a series of expected benefits, while critics point to what they perceive as much larger costs. The paper contrasts the macroeconomic developments of Montenegro and how it fared during the Global Financial Crisis and the shock triggered by the Covid-19 pandemic with the performance of its regional peers and the euro area overall. The findings are contrasted to how the various expectations played out for Montenegro, drawing further lessons on the role of monetary policy and domestic monetary sovereignty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several factors, such as the rapid adoption of new and disruptive technologies, the COVID-19 pandemic, worldwide expansion of globalization, rising inflation, climate change, demographic shifts, geopolitical instability, and military conflicts, have deeply influenced the economic and business landscape at a global level. The appearance and development of lean philosophy, principles, and practices have proved to represent a turning point in the evolution of the business world and a possible solution for enterprises to cope with these challenges. The paper aims to define and briefly characterize the concept of lean enterprise. To attain the goals of the paper, the authors used a qualitative research method based on a desk research investigation. The paper contributes to a better understanding of the concept of lean, in general, and lean enterprise, in particular. Also, it briefly analyses some of the key characteristics of lean enterprises that lead to their business success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world is constantly changing and urging people to prioritize their Work & Life Balance according to their personal needs and make sure they can adapt themselves to the environmental requirements to be socially accepted. The coronavirus pandemic has challenged people to change their lifestyles and shift their attention toward their mental and relationship health while also prioritizing physical well-being. The purpose of this research paper is to analyze different points of view and degrees in which the pandemic has affected people located in Romania by using Cornbach's alpha coefficient. Through Google Forms, a number of 160 Romanians took part in the survey conveying their experience during the coronavirus pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated many challenges for the society we live in, and in this area of identifying the public sector, it has been the most tested, focusing on its resilience and response in times of crisis, as well as how to which citizens relate with public administrations. Public institutions, not generating profit, but rather consuming resources, are obliged, by the legislation in force and by professional conduct, to be responsible for the use of public funds. In a crisis situation, effective and efficient use of these funds becomes essential, and public entities must adapt quickly to maintain service delivery and public trust. The scientific effort of this paper aims at how the Internal Managerial Control (IMC) System managed to "impose" itself in a crisis situation and the difficulties that the leaders of public entities faced during this health crisis. The pandemic has highlighted the crucial importance of human resources in achieving the general and specific objectives of public institutions. This study aims to explore the adaptations and innovations implemented within IMC System on pandemic issues highlighting key lessons learned and providing recommendations for building institutional resilience in the face of future crises. It will also discuss strategies to overcome the challenges, ensuring the continued and efficient operation of public services in the context of unprecedented disruption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines changes in consumer behavior in the post-pandemic era, as reflected in ecommerce statistics, with the aim of predicting future trends that will help companies manage their online businesses. The dramatic impact that the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, which brought restrictions in terms of social distancing, affected people in many aspects of their lives(social, psychological and economical). In terms of consumer buying habits, adapting to a new environment created by the sanitary crisis(meaning that people had to get accustomed with online sopping) and the influence of other factors such as the unstable economic environment, the instability of the labor market, the increase in unemployment, etc., caused major shifts in consumer behaviour, forcing many companies to reconsider and reorganize their business strategies accordingly. This paper examines the changes in consumer behavior in a post-pandemic era, reflected by e-commerce statistics, with the purpose of anticipating future trends which will help companies manage their business in the online environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper draws attention to the impact of the context of the COVID-19 pandemic on Romanian economy and social relations. Analyzing the secondary data, the paper presents the impact on the economy and how Romanians were affected by the imposed measures, what daily habits they have changed and how much trust they give to the authorities for managing crisis situations. The paper reflects that almost all Romanians have changed their daily habits and the measures of social distancing are felt by the population as a restriction of the freedoms of individuals. Moreover, the measures had immediate effects on the economy, the companies opted for work of home and the population had changed their buying habits. The paper contributes to a better understanding of the changes in the Romanian economy in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we aim at showing the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the tourism both nationally and internationally. The paper begins with a presentation of the importance of the tourist services in the economic context, and then presents various definitions of the notions of tourism and tourist. From the point of view of the Covid-19 impact on tourism, we can notice during this period a decrease in the number of foreign tourists, as well as a significant decrease in the contribution of the tourism to GDP, a contribution analyzed at the global level. Romania, respectively Constanta County is not an exception to international developments, registering a decrease in arrivals, and in overnight, in the January 2019 - October 2021 period. The paper ends with conclusions which highlight the challenges tourism is faced with in the current context, but also with the hope that the markets will finally find their balance when the virus stabilizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The period of the Covid-19 pandemic is a special one, it is a period in which governments around the world have allocated large sums to social protection spending, when many parts of the economy have seen a reduction or even closure of activity. The present paper is structured as empirical research that analyses longitudinally and cross-sectionally social protection expenditure with the purpose of identifying those countries in the EU that have significantly increased this expenditure and to see whether in the last decade the growth rates are significant. So, we found that at EU-27 level, the social protection spending has expanded and intensified during the pandemic and that the governments have adopted measures to support vulnerable groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study underscores the vital importance of conducting a census to obtain accurate population data, crucial for informed decision-making in various domains. Censuses are pivotal national events, requiring effective promotion. Adapting to technological advancements and societal needs is imperative, with a shift from traditional paper questionnaires to digital tools for enhanced data quality and reduced costs. The 2021 census in Romania, organized amid the COVID-19 pandemic, introduced unique challenges and transformed communication strategies. Evolving public attitudes, influenced by factors like census complexity, question sensitivity and time constraints, underscore the need for adaptable communication and promotion approaches. This research sheds light on census promotion dynamics, social media engagement, and public perceptions, offering valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and government agencies striving to enhance census efforts and build public trust in an increasingly digital age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The post-covid period has meant a challenge for entrepreneurs to adopt strategic decisions. There was the question of returning to the coordinates before the pandemic, a return that proved to be difficult. The aim of this paper is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the literature on the challenges faced by entrepreneurs as a result of the pandemic. The objective of the research was to delineate the actual situation of small entrepreneurs and, where required, identify solutions to the problems they encountered. To support entrepreneurs, state institutions and representatives of specialized organizations also intervene. Limited financial resources, the insecurity of human resources regarding the continuity of economic activity, as well as the challenges arising from the direction of the international market, combined with the problems of a social and political nature, create situations of uncertainty among entrepreneurs who organize their activity as SMEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper shows the fluctuations of tourist demand for the destination Romania over the last three decades (1990-2022) and explains their complex economic, social and political causes. Tourism was probably the economic sector most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, tourism has quickly picked up after lifting the restrictions of the pandemic period. The significant increase of tourism demand in recent times is the effect of implementing coherent action plans, coordinated nationally and supported by certain government measures to encourage the tourism industry, such as the investments in tourism infrastructure and in Romanian destinations' marketing and promotion. Tourism will contribute significantly to Romania's economic growth and development. The focus will be on the quality and diversity of tourist offer for the incoming visitors. Given the current conditions, generated by the pandemic and the war in Ukraine, a doubling of foreign tourist arrivals and an increase in the average length of their stay are expected for the next 10 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, all countries are facing a sharp economic recession. Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are severely affected and thus the involvement of the state in the economy is inevitable. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the impact of coronavirus outbreak on Romanian SMEs. The research explores the literature regarding economic strategies and model in recession times. Also, based on descriptive analysis methodology, the status of SMEs in the 42 counties of Romania corresponding to NUTS 2. The paper can be considered a useful viewpoint in understanding the impact of COVID-19 on Romanian SMEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pandemics suddenly and unexpectedly change the course of history, destroy the foundations of the strongest economies, affect humanity and "dethrone" the most powerful leaders. The consequences follows for many years after their passing, stability and prosperity being difficult to rebuild. The paper has major importance, as we currently facing a new pandemic. It's a global tragedy, an urgent wake-up call for all of humanity and for the 21st century, COVID-19 is a tough, relentless, unforgiving teacher who is offering valuable lessons about survival, leadership, being a current and present subject in everyone's life. The pandemic has disrupted important aspects of personal, but especially professional life, therefore, the question our paper is trying to answer is: Can the COVID-19 pandemic be a ramp for launching women into top management positions? The article provides an analysis of pandemics and an interdisciplinary approach to these valuable lessons about leadership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the authors have intended to conduct a study of the dynamics of the foreign trade activity in Romania and more specifically in Dobruja region in the current world economy context, and implicitly that of the Romanian economy. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the evolution of the values of CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight) imports and FOB (Free on Board) exports and also to identify the situation of the trade balance over the last 5 years, of CIF imports and FOB exports in Romania and especially at the local level, in Dobruja Region. An analysis will also be carried out based on the data identified at the level of the economic indicators analyzed for the period in which the effects of the COVID-19 crisis have been experienced. Based on the evaluation, the expansion of the analysis is envisioned, so as to anticipate the future trends of FOB exports and CIF imports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) represent the backbone of global economic development because they account for creating private initiatives, innovation, and employment. In the wake of the Coronavirus outbreak, the SMEs were strongly affected, both from the demand and supply of products and services, tightening the ability to gather financial resources in order to meet short term liquidity demands and working capital requirements. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, many governments and multilateral development banks (MDBs) have provided financial resources to SMEs in order to tackle the effects of lockdown. This paper aims to characterize and assess current measures and initiatives adopted by MDBs to support SMEs. We highlight that international financial institutions act countercyclically in securing businesses and supporting jobs. The paper underlines the importance of transparency, a correct evaluation of risks and fiscal costs, and strong governance while dealing with MDBs support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organizational resilience refers to the firm capability to face unexpected shocks and recover after major changes in the business environment. The present paper focuses on the COVID-19 pandemic as the main external shock for the Romanian banking sector, developing a theoretical approach based on the corporate social responsibility mechanism. Starting from the stakeholder theory and the reputational implications of corporate social responsibility (CSR), the main effects of the COVID-19 pandemic for the banking institutions were analyzed. Thus, the stakeholder engagement was used as a prior feature of the resilient banks, suggesting that digital banking services have positively amplified the customer experience in terms of security, efficiency and transparency through CSR. The comparative case study of the Romanian sector leading banks explores the managerial implications of the health crisis for organizational resilience, investigating the CSR practices as response to the pandemic context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact that online schooling has had on teachers' performance during the Covid-19 pandemic. Regarding the research design, we used the quantitative research method, based on an online questionnaire administered to teachers in the Romanian pre-university education system in Romania. During the pandemic, teachers faced a major challenge in terms of teaching, namely online teaching, as they were hit by a lack of internet connections, lack of access to technical equipment, lack of experience in creating digital content. in terms of teaching, lack of knowledge for the efficient use of work platforms, but also lacked experience in teaching online, Which led to a series of changes in their professional life and at the same time a high level of stress. Teachers also had problems with communication and organizational issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Romanian entrepreneurship faced multiple challenges amid the current economic situation generated by the COVID 19 pandemic. This paper aims to determine how the local entrepreneurs from the Constanta County have managed to cope with this new context. The local entrepreneurship's evolution was analysed based on the data provided by different specialized studies and by the official statistics. The increased number of newly registered entities in 2021 compared to 2020 (first year of the pandemic) leads to the conclusion that local entrepreneurs have not lost their business appetite and managed to adapt to this new specific business environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the legislative changes due to pandemic, together with a brief analysis of winners, losers and opportunists due to this legislative changes and Covid-19 impact on economic sector. This paper presents a legislative approach to the concept of insolvency from 2014 until now, explaining how legislative evolution can be updated for governmental institutions profit. Insolvency law was an evolution in the regulation of insolvency prevention and insolvency proceedings, but the retrospective analysis of the law and the cases faced by insolvency practitioners are significant in terms of the correctness of this act and the ambiguities regarding the recovery of creditors' claims. Understanding the legislative changes together with the analysis of the main categories of actors participating in the insolvency procedure is intended to be a contribution in the analysis of future legislative texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exhibitions are one of the most important marketing tools, especially in terms of B2B communication. Before the COVID-19 pandemic there had already been a tendency towards organizing online or hybrid events. Following the pandemic, trade fairs have shown that they are able to transform themselves, and the exhibition industry has recovered, however, without reaching the performances recorded in the year 2019. Nevertheless, there have also been exceptions. Both exhibitors and visitors have expressed, in large numbers, a desire to meet physically; nonetheless, an increase in online or hybrid events is expected. The objective of this paper is to analyze the main developments of the exhibition industry before, during and after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic, at international level, including the case of the evolution of the Romanian company ROMEXPO, from Romania, which recorded a spectacular development in 2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered an unprecedented crisis, causing an awkward impact on human life and the world economy. Despite the resilience that tourism has shown in response to previous crises, the depth and breadth of the impact of this pandemic on tourism have brought the sector to an almost total standstill, causing long-term difficulties for most tourist destinations. As the pandemic has evolved, how we live, work, and travel has changed, and demands, expectations, and preferences have become different. But an unprecedented crisis requires unprecedented action. Destination marketing is widely recognized as an essential component of destination management. As a result, the tenets of conventional marketing have been challenged in a struggle to adapt to the new normal. Thus, the objective of this paper is to identify and explore, based on the current literature review and direct survey research, the challenges faced by marketers in tourism destinations in an attempt to counter the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and facilitate the recovery and further sustainable development of the sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We live in a society where things change rapidly, both individuals and organizations having to keep up the pace with this constant transformation. Multitasking has become a sine qua non condition, especially if one wants to keep things at a high level. Thus, performing certain tasks remotely or with just a few clicks is a huge advantage, not only in terms of saving money, time and energy, but also by centralizing data and making related statistics. The idea of carrying out various activities using specific platforms was accelerated by the Coronavirus Pandemic, people realizing, more than ever, that some things can be done this way, simpler, faster, better and less expensive. The paper aims to present aspects regarding digitization in several localities in Caraș-Severin county, by carrying out a research that starts from elements regarding the material base, the training of human resources and the openness of citizens to these services so necessary for a functioning society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper compares the actual and potential resources derived from the G20's Debt Service Suspension Initiative and the actual and potential resources from International Monetary Fund's 2021 allocation of Special Drawing Rights. These programs were two main sources of support for 73 vulnerable countries during height of the COVID-19 pandemic. For these countries, Special Drawing Rights provided much greater potential support when compared to the Debt Service Suspension Initiative. Special Drawing Rights deployed more actual resources as well. When these programs are evaluated from the perspective of the countries receiving assistance, Special Drawing Rights are found to have several characteristics that are more desirable. As such, as a tool, Special Drawing Rights have several advantages that should be taken into account during discussions about policy responses to global challenges in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past year the whole world was affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, Romania was not excepted from that, the economy changed after being impacted by Covid-19 pandemic. Although the impact was visible in small business most and in the sanitary domain, Romania having a major sanitary crisis, the impact also affected the trade balance and enlarged the trade deficit even more. This paper plans to analyse the changes from before the pandemic and after, by observing the commercial balance fluctuations from 2010 until March 2021, with the latest data available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competition between tourist destinations has always existed, both nationally, regionally and internationally, and represents differentiation from a number of perspectives, such as the quality of the environment and services offered, tourists' perception of quality, value for money, etc. With the advent of the pandemic, competition has become even fiercer, with each tourist destination seeking to survive in the market. In this situation, tourism destination management has had to reassess and design its tourism offerings in order to gain market position and at the same time has had to adapt to the safety measures taken during the pandemic and implement new strategies to integrate these measures. The main tourist destinations in the European Union have been all the more difficult to manage as the interests of tourism organisations are diverse and stakeholders are often in conflict, especially during the pandemic. This paper explores the issue of management of the main destinations in Europe from a statistical perspective using the analysis and processing of existing official European Union data on the countries representing the main tourist destinations during the Covid-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Fed and the European Central Bank (ECB) are two key institutions on the global financial markets. The areas of action of these institutions cover approximately 36% of the world economy. Thus, a topic which tackles institutions such as the Fed and the ECB is and will continue to be a relevant subject. The aim of this paper is to identify the similarities and differences between the two institutions, the guidelines and the adopted strategies Last but not least, the measures adopted in 2020 in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic will be presented The objectives of the research are: the comparison of the main pillars on which the activity of the two institutions is based. The objectives, structure and organization, responsibilities and monetary policy instruments will be analyzed comparatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study combines characteristics of stock markets that define the conditions under which complex financial mechanisms work. Through an analysis of the concepts that define stock markets, the study defines their characteristics. The scientific study aims to develop, by similarity, the concept of "suspension spring" as a defining feature, as a behavioural feature of financial markets. This concept expresses the tendency to return to the initial state of the stock exchanges in the event of shocks and to resume the cyclical trend and incorporates in the characterization of the heteroscedastic stock market that it manifests, by analogy with the random flexibility of an arc. In the context of the health crisis, the paper translates theoretical concepts into recommendations to participants of the stock markets on caution and good practices in decision-making moments, when at this time it is not possible to predict the impact that the Covid-19 crisis will have. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic changed every aspect of human life and the future of humankind will be considered considering the aspects and implication of pandemic threats. Areas and domains such as human interaction (psychology), governance, health, trade and others are continuously affected by the necessary action needed in order to minimize the impacts of the virus circulate and the business losses. Thus, are some attempts to study how management and leadership must change in order to achieve a minimal disruption proportion in their businesses. The purpose of the present paper is to briefly examine the main trends in the current inquiries that look at the major influences over businesses developments. The method is based on analysing which are the most important activities and actions that management and leadership should focus on how to overcome the negatives effects of COVID-19 over the human resources and communication. In conclusion the authors consider that the literature findings are more based on surveys and questioners addressed to managers, entrepreneurs or businesses, than based on hypothetical approach and/or mathematical model of actual events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to raise awareness over the occurrence of citizens’ infringement rights to freedom and democracy violations occurring in the harsh times of the pandemic globally. Combatting this virus requires sharp decisions in terms of public health respecting international health recommendations. Governments must protect human rights and the value of democracy in each country to maintain public trust and gain people’s cooperation. In the health crisis and building the new future the fight against COVID-19 will not be effective and might lead to authoritarian measures. Authoritarian regimes might use strength, fear and fraud to control their people. On the other hand, democracies act in transparency, information-wise and their public legitimacy. When citizens start losing their faith in the legality of democracy for not functioning effectively, the dangerous risk of democracy failure appears. Without an well educated and informed population these governments might use the new coronavirus pandemic to promote their power abandoning democratic norms and the rule of law on behalf of drastic restraints that might remain permanent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globalization, technical progress, the trend towards digitization are phenomena with a strong impact on markets all over the world. To a large extent, the trends of digitization and online purchases were accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic, causing major changes in consumption habits. The objective of this paper is to study the new trends in consumer behavior regarding the purchase of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products, as well as the influence of factors from the online environment on the purchase decision and on the perceptions and attitudes of the respective consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper aims at a brief review of the main elements of specificity of the behavior of the Romanian consumer of tourist services in the context of the Covid-19 crisis, as well as the x-ray of the effects felt after the relaxation of measures at national level. In this context, the identification of the elements that will be perpetuated at the level of the behavior of the consumer of tourist services after the passage of this turning point is an extremely important element in aligning the business in this field to the market requirements. The study was based on quantitative methods of marketing research and aimed to identify the main elements of influence on the decision to travel for tourism in a pandemic, as well as the decision to choose a tourist destination consumer of tourist services from Constanta country after the lift of the restrictions, so far. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2020 pandemic has led to economic recession in the European Union, rising unemployment, falling purchasing power among the majority of citizens and has forced national institutions to intervene with many measures that have led to rising budget deficits and public debt. As of 2021, the Recovery and Resilience Facility has been approved at EU level, to the purpose of economic recovery and increasing the economic resilience of EU Member States. This paper analyses Romania's fulfilment of the nominal convergence criteria, the evolution of Romania's gross domestic product pre- and post-pandemic, the main measures foreseen in Romania's National Recovery and Resilience Plan to ensure a green, digital transition and economic and social resilience, as well as the funds available to Romania through the NRRP for investments and structural reforms necessary for economic growth and nominal convergence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed the banking sector through the massive acceleration of digital services, reshaping the experiential factors that influence the customer's attitudes towards digitization. The digital transformation of the banking system is strongly associated with the flexibility features of the banking services, where innovation is a way that increases the added value of financial institutions. The health crisis was an unexpected shock to demand for digital banking services, representing a test for the banks' digital capabilities to adapt and recover after a moment of discontinuity. The COVID-19 pandemic acted as a catalyst between banks and clients, a relationship that gradually became an opportunity for the entire sector. This paper explores the organizational resilience of the banking sector in Romania using a mixed-method approach based on case studies and empirical surveys, conducting a semi-structured questionnaire on 450 respondents. The main findings outline the strong correlation between e-banking security and loyalty towards the provider bank through trust, a relationship that is fully mediated by the customer ebanking satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper proposes a model of dot-matrix approach to financial management as part of an environmental management. Presentation of all the matrices that will lead to development sourcedestination matrix (matrix funding integrative) constitutes a first attempt to approach the environmental financial management. The paper aims to identify sectoral interdependencies from the perspective of pollution, in terms of environmental costs and investments and the development of a mathematical model in which all links can be established and estimated statistically. The network is an integrated element of communication between interconnected elements in multiple dimensions, and networking is an adaptive response to the need for rapid development. Each node of the network is important because there is no hierarchy in the network, the emphasis being on relationships, not situations, on goals, roles played, on the nature and intensity of contacts between the elements that make up the network nodes. The specificity of the network is to ensure continuity between the micro macro and the world economic level. The negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the policies adopted to combat it, have left their mark on the environment. Network financing is done to balance the damage to the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Covid-19 pandemic has shown that education staff have not been trained at all to digitize the education process. So they did not know what the challenges were. In addition, it has been shown that although students are digital natives, they do not know how to capitalize on the e-learning side of learning. The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact that online classes has had on student performance during the Covid-19 pandemic. In order to carry out this research, we started from the fact that during the Covid-19 pandemic, the transition to online classes led to inequities among students in terms of learning from the Romanian education system. The pandemic education system faced a number of challenges, especially reducing stress among students. In order to reduce the stress level of the students, the intervention of the school psychologist as well as of the teachers was necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 crisis management has been a multi-level governance issue. Moreover, the way governments have approached the COVID-19 crisis has also become a major research trend worldwide. Different national and local governments have adopted verious strategies in managing the pandemic response, due to differences in existing political structures and dynamics. From 2019 to 2022, the COVID-19 pandemic is the main enemy in most countries of the world, affecting in 2020 more than 50 million people worldwide. Governments around the world have had to deal with a number of uncertainties, to make difficult decisions or compromises, while facing challenges from health care, economic and social systems. While the COVID-19 pandemic has hit states with various intensity, the response to the crisis has been an unprecedented challenge for most governments, which have reacted differently to the health, economy and well-being of citizens, as evidenced by studies that will be presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to determine if there was an excess mortality in Romania in the 2020-2021 interval and to establish if this excess is explained only by increasing mortality directly resulting from Covid19 disease or/and by collateral deaths from various causes. Due to the fact that a simple international comparison of data directly associated with deaths caused by COVID-19 appears more and more debatable, the new approach of European Official Statistics (Eurostat), but also of other international statistical bodies by calculating an indicator of excess mortality over a period compared to a reference period (2016-2019), appears as a valid general measure of the health crisis real impact on the total mortality in a region/country. Based on these new statistics our findings reveal that Romania's excess mortality was caused by Covid19 disease but also in same proportion by collateral deaths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the present paper is to provide an in-depth analysis of Romanian e-commerce under the influence of Covid-19 and to highlight the positive evolution of the e-commerce phenomenon in Romania. Amid the Covid-19 pandemic, the Romanian e-commerce market has known an upward evolution, of progressive growth. This led to the situation where large numbers of well-established players that used to be present exclusively offline on the retail market have chosen to concentrate a significant amount of their resources in transferring their business online, but also to the emergence of new participants that have been mesmerized by the appeal of e-commerce, in general, and by the extremely good results of the Romanian e-commerce market, in particular. The fact that the prospects are good for the Romanian e-commerce market is an opinion unanimously shared by many local entrepreneurs and is also confirmed by the yearly increase in sales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The covid-19 has changed how things are run in nearly all facets and aspects of life. As much as it is a health crisis, it is also a socio-economic issue. Indeed, the effects of the pandemic on the economy are set to be palpable into the future even after the world is healed from the pandemic. Thus, business organizations have to learn, adapt or intensify their use of virtual teams since virtual teams are essential in business existence and success during the pandemic. This article conducts an extensive and relevant review of literature that expounds on the subject. After the various pieces of literature are reviewed, a summary of the findings of the challenges and importance of virtual teams during the pandemic is made. The paper also presents the research methodologies used by the various authors in obtaining the results and a discussion on the matter of validity, limits of the study, credibility, and generalization of the data content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the economic situation is dominated by the consequences of the pandemic, which have influenced the entire strategy and generated new approaches that have often meant the rethinking of the entire business in order to avoid bankruptcy. At other times, the entrepreneurs and employees have had to adapt, to constantly find solutions to deal with crisis situations. This paper is part of the current situation we are living in, by analyzing the extent to which the pandemic has influenced the activity of professional accountants under conditions of risk and uncertainty. Professional accountants have adapted to the changes caused by the pandemic, their activity being significantly affected, in the sense that they were forced to make changes in their work routine, facing difficulties in adapting to the new work requirements, as during this period the risk and uncertainty have been dominating the activity of both the clients and the professional accountants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a series of changes in society so that we can say that this context generates a turning point in terms of management, leadership and concept of organizational culture. Our main goal is to determine the best way to generate changes in the organizational culture of an entity in order to increase performance indicators. In this regard, we defined the main working concepts, realized a logical model of the management system and highlighted the relational and informational links of different management levels. Moreover, we addressed the issue of the impact of management on human resources and finaly over specific activities for managing the change of organizational culture. The nature of this paper is explorative and theoretical using rational deductive approach, aiming at providing a bibliographical tool for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents some aspects on the economic and social life of an enterprise vital for the community of the Mountain Banat region. I thus considered it relevant to study challenges and practices at all managerial levels, encountered by this enterprise, in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. Taking into account specific legislation and the pandemic period, I tried to highlight the role of each managerial level in ensuring the continuity of activity and economic resilience, in order to respond operatively and legally to all the challenges of this period. The approach was also pragmatic, by using the interview and directed thematic discussions at each managerial level as well as an analysis of the pandemic impact on the company's performance, trying to highlight the biggest challenges, the measures imposed and some pragmatic recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of a study on students' satisfaction concerning online teaching in general and ESP (English for Special Purposes) in particular, considering the implications of an unprecedented shift in education, a turn from the traditional face-to -face system to an emergency remote online learning, imposed by the restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania. The results reveal a general positive attitude towards the efforts made by the teaching staff during online teaching; therefore, we are confident that the less encouraging aspects revealed by the study can be adjusted in time and improved to better suit and serve the needs of our students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes the form of a meta-analysis which aims to underline some aspects identified at international and national levels as a result of the pandemic of the last two years, reflected in the economic and social fields. The results can be premises for further studies and research in the same field, both at macroeconomic and microeconomic levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we aim to evaluate the capacity to perform of potential employees in the hospitality industry. We use Cognitive Reflection Test as a tool. We are considering possible future employees who have opted for Economics of Tourism, Trade and Services prior to the outbreak of the Covid 19 pandemic. According to our findings hospitality industry might face huge difficulties in insuring the required level of skilled resources in order to restart or increase the activity in good conditions of customer satisfaction by keeping at least same quality of the services like before the Covid 19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to underline the difficulty of balancing prices in a dynamic environment, strongly connected to the technological evolution, political decisions, global events and macroeconomic trends. In order to be able to highlight the level of the challenge it represents, we will also analyse the impact of uncertainty upon the economic environment during the current crisis generated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which is an unprecedented situation. The global competition in the last two decades, adopted by more and more companies, represents the greatest challenge faced by the field of logistics, challenges which involve constant adaptation, innovation, externalisation and changing strategies in record time. In an increasingly global economy, logistics and the costs of logistics will be decisive factors for competitivity and modernisation. Access to new outlets, raw materials and workforce depends on a single essential criterion: the existence of a functional transportation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In contemporary conditions, economic digitization creates a particularly strong impact on all states of the world. The contribution of national economies to international economic and financial exchanges is an important source and condition for achieving sustainable economic growth. Regardless of how they are achieved, these external economic exchanges have acquired considerable importance of economic growth at national, regional or company level. The technological changes that have taken place in the last decade have made a dramatic change in the climate of a business. The emergence and development of the multilateral trading system has been achieved gradually, under the influence of historical realities. production and movement of goods, the international division of labor and the international specialization in production, but also the technical-scientific revolution. In this paper, aspects are outlined that directly and pertinently aim at how the members of the society adapt to the changes that take place at a global level and first of all with the introduction of new technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]