One of the difficulties in scholarly publishing in English scientific journals is the complex process of revision, which often involves reconstruction of the content and the language of the manuscript and becomes particularly difficult when it comes to non‐native writers of English. Focusing mainly on the role of English and language editing in revision, the present study investigated this process in terms of the Iranian scholars’ perceptions, problems, and strategies. To this end, 15 Iranian scholars from different disciplines were selected and interviewed, and different themes were derived and analysed. According to the premise of Academic Literacies and the idea that we acquire the skills and practices of our professions mainly by participating in them, our results introduced revision as a set of social practices located within a specific academic structure reflecting particular beliefs and values. Our results also showed that the very specific situation in Iran caused the participants to be, at a great extent, overwhelmed by the process, often leading them to adopt strategies that might not be conducive to their academic advancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]