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Based on empirical research, carried out at the 2007 World Social Forum (WSF), in Nairobi, Kenya, this paper aims at exploring how the WSF, and in particular its African setting, reflect and impact on the transformation, triggered by the end of the Cold War, of a field of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) prevailing themselves of legal or para-legal tools of expertise aiming at the resolution of armed conflicts.With the "building of a world of peace and justice" being set as the first of the nine themes on the agenda of the WSF, my aim is to understand how this thematic fits within an anti-globalization locus of militancy, by exploring how it has been seized by anti-globalization movements and the ways in which NGOs prevailing themselves of an expertise on conflict resolution have adapted to an anti-globalization forum. Through an understanding of the WSF as a strategic space of contention, this paper will provide an overview of militant positions on conflicts and their resolution, pointing towards two diverging movements and gradations in the usages of legal or para-legal tools, the first aiming at a "globalization of peace" through dialogue and alternative modes of conflict resolution and the second at a "globalization of justice" through lawyering and the criminalization of war. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an empirical study of the policing of protest, examining the use of legal mechanisms to pacify, manage, and control dissent. Specifically, the paper focuses on the ways that laws are implemented before, during and after large anti-globalization protests to extend control over activists in that movement. The paper shows how various institutions (e.g., law enforcement, city, and state agencies) use ordinances, permits, and regulations to inhibit mobilization of mass demonstrations. The paper begins with an assessment of how scholars view social control, law, and social movements, focusing on repression and the negotiation management approach. I then describe the different phases of the anti-globalization movement, explaining that law as a social control mechanism works mostly in the period leading up to a protest. The main body of the paper examines various tactics deployed against anti-globalization activists, including targeted and temporary ordinances and the revival of old laws. This research resulted from two years of participatory observation within the anti-globalization movement. I collected data on five large anti-globalization protests, including World Economic Forum in New York City (February 2002), the G8 in Calgary and Ottawa, Canada (July 2002), the World Bank and IMF in Washington, DC (September 2002), the WTO in Cancun, Mexico (September 2003), and the FTAA in Miami (November 2003). Data were gathered through multiple-ethnographic methods, including participatory observations, semi-structured interviews with law enforcement and anti-globalization activists, newspaper articles from each protests, and a review of police documents. ..PAT.-Conference Proceeding [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]