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Accessible Summary: What is known on the subject?: The importance of and interest in nurses' attitudes towards and subjective experience with workplace violence in clinical settings is increasing.The prevalence of patient‐perpetrated violence against Korean nurses in hospital settings is highly prevalent.Only few instruments are available to measure the nurses' perception of patient aggression in Korea. What the paper adds to existing knowledge?: This is the first study to assess the linguistic and psychometric reliability and validity of an instrument that evaluates the attitude of Korean nursing staff towards patient‐perpetrated workplace violence. What are the implications for practice?: This valid and reliable instrument could be used to assess and monitor the nurses' attitudes towards aggressive tendencies in the workplace.The results could contribute to the development of relevant interventions for coping with violence by patients towards nursing staff and the implementation of practical training to cultivate healthy perceptions towards patients to foster therapeutic nurse–patient relationships. Introduction: Despite the high prevalence of patient‐perpetrated violence against Korean nurses globally, reliable and valid measures of patient aggression are lacking in Korean. Aim: We translated the 12‐item Perception of Aggression Scale (POAS) into Korean and psychometrically assessed its utility in measuring nurses' attitudes towards aggression. Methods: The 12‐item Korean POAS was obtained through forward–backward translation and cognitive debriefing. It was administered online to 319 nurses (mean age = 32.64 years; females = 96.2%), of which 206 completed it again after two weeks. Confirmatory factor analysis validated the 3‐factor structure as hypothesized in the original version. The intra‐class correlation coefficient was used to assess the test–retest reliability. Results: The originally hypothesized 3‐factor structure showed a good fit. The 3 dimensions: aggression as a dysfunctional or undesirable phenomenon, aggression as a functional or comprehensible phenomenon, and aggression as a protective measure had internal consistencies of 0.74, 0.86 and 0.90 and corresponding ICCs of 0.70, 0.86 and 0.90, respectively. Discussion: The 12‐item Korean POAS is a valid and reliable scale that might aid investigating nurses' attitudes towards patient aggression. Implications for practice: The 12‐item Korean POAS can help Korean nurses adopt protective behaviours and develop interventions to cope with aggression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary: What is known on the subject?: Pre‐ and postmenopausal women (PPW) experience changes in physical, psychological and social health. South‐East Asia's female suicide rate is the highest compared with other countries, and the suicide rate of PPW in these countries continues to increase.The most influential factor in Asian women's suicidal ideation is family conflict; specifically, if PPW in South Korea cannot express their anger, it results in a culture‐bound syndrome called "Hwa‐Byung." However, there is a lack of research on Asian PPW. What the paper adds to existing knowledge?: This study found differences in individual‐ and community‐level factors affecting suicidal ideation between pre‐ and postmenopausal women.Individual factors that commonly affected suicidal ideation were experiencing violence, stress and depression. Individual factors that affected the suicidal ideation of premenopausal women more than postmenopausal women were religious beliefs, alcohol use and chronic disease.Community level factors affecting suicidal ideation were locational depression and locational counselling for stress in premenopausal women and locational counselling for depression in postmenopausal women. What are the implications for practice?: Mental health nurses could help prevent suicide by developing and applying community‐based programmes for PPW, considering the specific socio‐economic and cultural context and characteristics of Asian women.Mental health nurses could help PPW participate in programmes by preparing various interventions such as case management, personal counselling, physical activity, home‐based mental health services, cognitive behavioural therapy and digital interventions for self‐management.Mental health nurses need to prepare various methods such as online, offline, individual and group methods to work effectively in any social situation. Introduction: Pre‐ and postmenopausal women (PPW) experience physical and psychological changes with hormonal changes. Among Asian middle‐aged women, family and culture affect suicidal ideation, and the suicide rate among this population is increasing. There are few existing research on suicidal ideation among Asian PPW. Aim: We examined individual‐ and community‐level factors that predict suicidal ideation among PPW. Method: Large‐scale panel data from 5,154 South Korean PPW aged 35–64 years were used in a series of multilevel logistic regression analyses to examine factors associated with suicidal ideation at individual and community levels. Results: Among premenopausal women, religious beliefs, alcohol use, chronic disease, experience of violence, stress and depression were individual‐level factors. Locational depression and locational counselling for stress were community‐level factors. Among postmenopausal women, experience of violence, stress, depression and perceived health status were individual level factors, and locational counselling for depression was a community level factor. Discussion: Suicidal ideation among PPW is affected by both individual and community level factors. Nurses must comprehensively determine what risk factors affect suicidal ideation through various intervention methods—including online, offline, individual and group methods—while considering socio‐economic situations. Implications for Practice: Mental health nurses should provide targeted biopsychosocial interventions targeting psychosocial and physical problems and promoting the use of community resources to reduce PPW's suicidal ideation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary: What is known on the subject?: Adolescents who partake in one health risk behaviour (HRB) easily adopt other HRBs, simultaneously or subsequently.Multiple HRBs might threaten adolescents' future health in adulthood.Adolescents with psychological problems have higher rates of smoking, alcohol use, early sexual initiation and activity, and illicit substance use compared with others. What does this paper add to existing knowledge?: A considerable number of Korean adolescents with mental health problems were engaged in multiple HRBs. For those with mental health problems, more than half of the Korean adolescents with multiple HRBs tended to use alcohol and cigarettes concurrently.Korean adolescents who felt depressed and had suicidal ideation were more likely to engage in a greater number of HRBs.Substance abuse is the most prevalent problem that is combined with other HRBs among those with depression and suicidal ideation compared to those who exhibited other HRBs. What are the implications for practice?: When mental health nurses working in schools and community centres for mental health identify Korean adolescents with significant depression and suicide ideation levels, they should also assess adolescents' engagement in multiple HRBs.Population‐based campaigns and policy changes that emphasize both psychological health and risky behaviour reduction among adolescents should be provided simultaneously to students and school nurses. Introduction: There is limited understanding about whether poor mental health is associated with certain combinations of multiple health risk behaviours (HRBs) such as smoking, drinking, early sexual activity and substance abuse. Aim: To determine the prevalence of multiple HRBs and to identify associations between poor mental health and multiple HRBs as the number of HRBs increases. Methods: This cross‐sectional study was conducted using the 2016 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web‐based Survey (N = 65,528). Descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted using the complex sample data. Results: Overall, 28.6% and 13.9% of Korean adolescents were involved in one or multiple HRBs, respectively. Adolescents who were depressed (OR = 1.43–4.47, 95% CI = 1.37–1.49 to 3.23–6.20) and/or who had suicidal ideation (OR = 1.33–3.19, 95% CI = 1.25–1.42 to 2.25–4.51) were more likely to engage in multiple HRBs. Discussion: A considerable numbers of Korean adolescents are engaged in multiple HRBs. When adolescents self‐reported depression and suicidal ideation, they were more likely to engage in a greater number of HRBs than single HRB. Implications for practice: Tailored interventions to decrease multiple HRBs should be designed and provided by considering adolescents' mental health status and needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary: What is known on the subject?: Mental health treatments have become patient‐centred. Evaluating recovery in people with mental health difficulties living in the community can help to develop better client‐centred services.Community integration is critical to recovery in patients with mental health difficulties. What does this paper add to existing knowledge?: This is the first study to use a single integrated measure of mental health recovery to evaluate the effect of community integration.Physical community integration was the easiest goal for most to reach. Developing independence/self‐actualization was harder.In mental health recovery, most people were able to overcome stuckness. Developing abilities for basic functioning was harder.Participating in mental health centre day programmes promoted mental health recovery in people with mental health difficulties living in the community.Independence/self‐actualization, psychological integration and social support improved mental health recovery in people with mental health difficulties living in the community. What are the implications for practice?: There is a need to develop and actively promote programmes that attract people with mental health difficulties living in the community so that they will actively use mental health centre services.Offering systematic social skills training and occupational rehabilitation therapy to people with mental health difficulties living in the community may help them function independently.Mental health service programmes should provide volunteer opportunities for people with mental health difficulties living in the community to facilitate a sense of belonging.Mental health nurses should serve as a social support resource for people with mental health difficulties living in the community by providing education to family and friends on how to support patients' recovery, and invigorating integration projects such as "making healthy friends." Introduction: Although community integration of people with mental health difficulties and a consumer‐centred recovery paradigm are of global importance, little research has been conducted on community integration factors that directly affect mental health recovery. Aim: This study investigated the relationship between community integration and mental health recovery in people with mental health difficulties living in the community in South Korea. Method: Data were collected from 155 people with mental health difficulties living in the community, using the Self‐Reporting Scale of Community Integration and the Mental Health Recovery Measure (Korean version), and analysed using hierarchical regression analysis. Results: Among the community integration subscales, independence/self‐actualization, psychological integration and social support were significant factors in mental health recovery, explaining 47.3% of the variance. Discussion: An effective intervention strategy for mental health recovery of people with mental health difficulties living in the community may reinforce community integration by carefully considering independence/self‐actualization, psychological integration and social support. Implications for practice: Mental health nurses should provide intervention to people with mental health difficulties living in the community to help them develop strategies for functioning independently, experiencing a sense of achievement and developing a sense belonging in the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary What is known on the subject? Despite the increase of studies into the predictors of psychological distress, few have attempted to address the mediation of stress in the relationship between early trauma and psychological distress., What does this paper add to existing knowledge? In this study, college students with trauma exposure before the age of 18 years reported high levels of college life stress and psychological distress. In addition, of the subcategories of early trauma, emotional abuse was most highly correlated with current stress and psychological distress., This paper confirmed the partial mediating effect of stress between early trauma and psychological distress among Korean college students. In other words, this study found a direct effect of early trauma on current psychological distress and an indirect effect of early trauma on psychological distress mediated through life stress., What are the implications for practice? Early trauma and stress should be considered when developing interventions for college students' mental health, although individuals with trauma exposure have difficulties disclosing their traumatic event. Therefore, we suggest that stress management may be easier to apply and more effective in promoting college students' mental health than trauma-focused interventions., Abstract Introduction Research has shown that early trauma and stress may affect current psychological distress. However, few studies have attempted to address the mediation of stress between early trauma and psychological distress. Aim This cross-sectional observational study aimed to examine the mediating effects of stress on the association between early trauma and psychological distress in Korean college students. Method Participants included 216 college students (51.4% male) who completed self-report questionnaires assessing early trauma, college life stress, and psychological distress. Results Early trauma, stress, and psychological distress were significantly correlated. Of the subcategories of early trauma, emotional abuse was most highly correlated with stress and psychological distress. The bootstrapping results indicate that stress is a partial mediator between early trauma and psychological distress after controlling for covariates including socioeconomic status, habitation status, and gender. Discussion The results imply that both early trauma and stress should be considered when developing interventions for college students' mental health. However, individuals with trauma exposure tend to have difficulties disclosing their traumatic event. Therefore, we suggest that stress management may be more feasible and effective in promoting college students' mental health than trauma-focused interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary What is known on the subject? Panic disorder patients display various panic-related physical symptoms and catastrophic misinterpretation of bodily sensations, which lower their quality of life by interfering with daily activities. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a useful strategy for panic disorder patients to manage symptoms associated with inaccurate cognitive interpretation of situations resulting from the patient's cognitive vulnerability. In South Korea, however, despite the increasing prevalence of panic disorder, CBT is not a common element of nursing care plans for panic disorder patients. Moreover, few Korean researchers have attempted to assess the effects of CBT on such patients., What this paper add to existing knowledge? In a strategy combining CBT and routine treatments, patients with panic disorder can experience greater positive effects in the acute treatment phase than those they experience when receiving only routine treatment., What are the implications for practice? Mental health professionals, especially psychiatric nurses in local clinics who operate most special mental health programmes for panic disorder patients, should apply a panic disorder management programme that integrates CBT and routine treatments. The integrated approach is more effective for reducing the number of panic attacks and cognitive misinterpretation in patients than providing routine treatment alone., For patients with panic disorder, the objective of CBT is to understand the relationship between psychological panic disorder sensations, emotions, thoughts and behaviours. Therefore, nurses can help patients address and improve biological, social and psychological aspects of physical health problems as well as help them improve their coping skills in general., Abstract Introduction In panic disorder, sensitivity to bodily sensations increases due to the patient's cognitive vulnerability. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) can help to decrease sensitivity to bodily sensations by correcting these cognitive distortions by controlling negative thoughts and panic attacks. Aims This study verified whether group CBT is more effective than treatment as usual (TAU) in South Korean patients with panic disorder. Methods The study participants consisted of 76 panic disorder patients. Patients in the therapy condition attended sessions once a week for a total of 12 sessions in addition to drug treatment. Results In the therapy condition, there were significant decreases in panic-related bodily sensations and ranking and belief scores for catastrophic misinterpretation of external events. Discussion Group CBT, in comparison to TAU, decreases panic and agoraphobia symptom severity in South Korean patients with panic disorder. Our study provides evidence for the effectiveness of a panic disorder management programme that integrates group CBT and traditional pharmacotherapeutic treatment for patients with panic disorder. Implications for Practice The cognitive behavioural approach is needed to reduce panic and agoraphobia symptoms for hospitalized patients with panic disorder more than activity therapies, medications and supportive counselling by doctors and nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary What is known on the subject? Despite the increased interest in nursing students' happiness in South Korea, few studies have attempted to identify factors influencing their happiness. Therefore, nursing educators should consistently investigate the factors influencing happiness and develop strategies to improve happiness among Korean nursing students., What this paper adds to existing knowledge? This study confirmed that there were positive correlations between grateful disposition, social support and happiness. In addition, grateful disposition and support from intimate people were identified as predictors of happiness in Korean nursing students., What are the implications for practice? Development of intervention programmes to help nursing students increase grateful disposition and support from intimate people may be helpful for improving happiness. These programmes can include activity, such as writing a gratitude journal, and extracurricular programmes, such as mentoring programmes between seniors and juniors and/or professor and student., Abstract Introduction Happiness is very important in the training and development of nursing students as future nurses. However, nursing students experience a high level of stress and low level of happiness in South Korea. Aim This study aimed to investigate factors that affect happiness among nursing students in South Korea. Method Data were collected from a total of 241 nursing enrolled in two 4-year baccalaureate nursing programmes in South Korea, using a self-administrated questionnaire. To identify predictors of happiness, stepwise regression analysis was conducted. Results The results indicated that grateful disposition and support from intimate people significantly predict happiness among Korean nursing students. These two factors accounted for 38.0% of the variance in happiness. Discussion This study indicated grateful disposition and support from intimate people as factors promoting happiness in nursing students. The findings highlight grateful disposition and support from intimate people as important factors when developing effective interventions that foster nursing students' happiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary Narrative therapy is a useful approach in the treatment of depression that allows that person to 're-author' his/her life stories by focusing on positive interpretations, and such focus on positive emotions is a crucial component of treatment for depression., This paper evaluates narrative therapy with an emotional approach (NTEA) as a therapeutic modality that could be used by nurses for persons with depression., A nurse-administered NTEA intervention for people with depression appears effective in increasing cognitive-emotional outcomes, such as hope, positive emotions and decreasing symptoms of depression. Thus, NTEA can be a useful nursing intervention strategy for people with depression., Abstract Narrative therapy, which allows a person to 're-author' his/her life stories by focusing on positive interpretations, and emotion-focused therapy, which enables the person to realize his/her emotions, are useful approaches in the treatment of depression. Narrative therapy with an emotional approach ( NTEA) aims to create new positive life narratives that focus on alternative stories instead of negative stories. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the NTEA programme on people with depression utilizing a quasi-experimental design. A total of 50 patients (experimental 24, control 26) participated in the study. The experimental group completed eight sessions of the NTEA programme. The effects of the programme were measured using a self-awareness scale, the Nowotny Hope Scale, the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale. The two groups were homogeneous. There were significant differences in hope, positive and negative emotions, and depression between the experimental and control group. The results established that NTEA can be a useful nursing intervention strategy for people with depression by focusing on positive experiences and by helping depressed patients develop a positive identity through authoring affirmative life stories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary Heavy episodic drinking among adolescents is a growing concern in Korea., This paper presents risk factors for decision making about heavy episodic drinking among grades 7-12 students based on 2009 Korean national data., We expect these results to be useful in detecting susceptible groups for high-risk drinking., Abstract The main objective of this study was to identify the risk factors and develop a decision tree model of heavy episodic drinking (HED) among adolescents. Data were obtained from a representative nationwide Korean population. Nine variables (such as last 30 days smoking, school grade, sex, depression, school achievement, level of stress, region, and economic status) were found as risk factors of HED. On the highest level of the tree root, major classification rule was played by dividing based on the last 30 days smoking and school grades. These findings should be helpful for school and mental healthcare providers to detect Korean adolescents with high possibility of HED, which will aid in planning of healthcare interventions for at-risk adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary: What is known on the subject?: People in their twenties, including college students, experience a high level of stress and prevalence of related mental health problems including depression, anxiety and alcohol addiction, but they are the least likely age group in Korea to utilize professional help for mental health issues.Mental health literacy (MHL) refers to the knowledge and abilities necessary for maintaining mental health and preventing mental health problems. MHL also plays an important role in help‐seeking for mental health issues. Therefore, studying MHL and other variables related to help‐seeking is likely to enhance our overall understanding of students' mental health. What this study adds to existing knowledge?: Although there have been some studies of college students' MHL in Korea, this is the first study to identify the paths and relationships between MHL and help‐seeking intentions in Korean college students. Additionally, this study examined the mediating role of stigma in the relationship between MHL and attitudes toward help‐seeking.The findings of this study suggest that MHL promotion can have a positive impact on the mental health of Korean college students by improving their attitudes toward help‐seeking and increasing their help‐seeking intentions.This study supports the idea that increased social support among Korean college students may reduce stigma and facilitate their seeking of professional help.The paths and relationships found in the present study provide evidence that a nursing intervention on‐campus that improves students' MHL and reduces stigma may facilitate more effective use of help‐seeking services among college students. What are the implications for practice?: MHL plays a significant role in how college students manage their mental health and the likelihood that they will seek professional help for mental health issues. Increasing MHL reduces mental health‐related stigma and promotes positive attitudes toward help‐seeking. A mental health nursing intervention that includes MHL improvement strategies would likely enhance students' utilization of mental health services on campus.Although students' MHL is improved by existing campus programmes and educational efforts to raise awareness of mental health, interventions should also address campus culture and stigma to facilitate mental health help‐seeking. Ultimately, enhancing MHL will contribute to the prevention of mental health problems and protect the deterioration of mental health among college students. Introduction: There is a high prevalence of mental health problems among college students in Korea. Although the usage rate for mental health services among Korean college students was not reported, it is known that the usage rate for Koreans is low compared to that in the United States. Aim: To explore the relationships linking mental health literacy (MHL) to intentions of help‐seeking in a sample of Korean college students. Method: Using a cross‐sectional study, data from 200 participants were analysed using a structural equation modelling approach. Results: Mental health literacy had both direct and indirect effects on attitudes toward help‐seeking and an indirect effect on attitudes toward help‐seeking through stigma. The direct effect of MHL on attitudes toward help‐seeking was fully mediated by stigma. Discussion: Mental health nursing professionals have a responsibility and a challenge to enhance MHL in college students through individual or group interventions. Implications for practice: MHL plays a significant role in individuals' willingness to seek professional help when in need of mental health care. Thus, mental health nursing interventions that include MHL improvement strategies would favourably enhance students' use of adequate sources of care and contribute to the prevention of mental health problems in college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary The Attitudes Toward Acute Mental Health scale (ATAMHS) was translated into Korean with attention to linguistic and content equivalence. Nine items were eliminated from the Korean version because of low correlations with the overall scale due to differences in clinical nursing environments and culture between South Korea and English-speaking countries., The results of this study showed that the Korean version of the ATAMHS (ATAMHS-K) is a reliable and valid scale for measuring attitudes toward mental illness in nurses and nursing students in an acute mental care setting., Factor analysis of the 24-item ATAMHS-K revealed three factors: (1) professional perspective; (2) semantic differentials; and (3) positive attitudes. The final analysis revealed that the three factors accounted for 39.5% of the variance. In addition, the ATAMHS-K was shown to have strong concurrent validity due to its strong positive correlations with the Community Attitudes Toward the Mentally Ill - Korean version (CAMI-K) scale., This study was the first attempt to adapt the ATAMHS for use in South Korea and to validate it with Korean nurses and nursing students., Abstract The purpose of this study was to adapt the Attitudes Toward Acute Mental Health Scale ( ATAMHS) into the Korean language and culture and then to determine the reliability and validity of it by administering it to a sample of Korean nursing students and nurses. We conducted a psychometric evaluation that included a two-step item analysis (analysis and reanalysis), exploratory factor analysis and concurrent validity. The ATAMHS was translated into Korean by bilingual nurses. Then, 429 participants (224 undergraduate nursing students and 205 nurses, all with psychiatric experience) completed the translated version of the ATAMHS. The item analysis revealed that nine items correlated poorly with the rest; thus, they were deleted from the scale. The final Korean version of the scale, which we refer to as the Korean version of the ATAMHS ( ATAMHS- K), contains 24 items. The ATAMHS- K showed good internal consistency. Exploratory factor analysis revealed three factors (professional perspective, semantic differentials and positive attitudes) that explained 39.5% of the variance. The ATAMHS- K had strong correlations with the Korean version of the Community Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill Scale, thus confirming the concurrent validity. Therefore, the ATAMHS- K demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties as a measure of attitudes toward acute mental health in Korean nursing students and nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]