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Aims and objectives: To assess and compare the quality of paper-based and electronic- based health records. The comparison examined three criteria: content, documentation process and structure. Background: Nursing documentation is a significant indicator of the quality of patient care delivery. It can be either paper-based or organised within the system known as the electronic health records. Nursing documentation must be completed at the highest standards, to ensure the safety and quality of healthcare services. However, the evidence is not clear on which one of the two forms of documentation (paper-based versus electronic health records is more qualified. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, comparative design was used to address the study’s purposes. A convenient number of patients’ records, from two public hospitals, were audited using the Cat-ch-Ing audit instrument. The sample size consisted of 434 records for both paper-based health records and electronic health records from medical and surgical wards. Results: Electronic health records were better than paper-based health records in terms of process and structure. In terms of quantity and quality content, paper-based records were better than electronic health records. The study affirmed the poor quality of nursing documentation and lack of nurses’ knowledge and skills in the nursing process and its application in both paper-based and electronic-based systems. Conclusion: Both forms of documentation revealed drawbacks in terms of content, process and structure. This study provided important information, which can guide policymakers and administrators in identifying effective strategies aimed at enhancing the quality of nursing documentation. Relevance to clinical practice: Policies and actions to ensure quality nursing documentation at the national level should focus on improving nursing knowledge, competencies, practice in nursing process, enhancing the work environment and nursing workload, as well as strengthening the capacity building of nursing practice to improve the quality of nursing care and patients’ outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the perceived caregiver burden among parents of chronically ill children in Jordan. Background: Although there are few studies on the accurate prevalence of chronic diseases among Jordanian children, there are a few on the burden of caregiving, which is important because most children with chronic illness rely on their caregivers to perform their daily tasks. In Jordan, little is known about the caregiver burden associated with caring for children with chronic diseases. Design: A cross‐sectional design was reported in line with the STROBE guidelines. Methods: The Katz Index of Independence was used to determine the children's level of dependence, and the Burden Scale for Family Caregivers was used to measure the caregivers' level of burden. Results: Nearly, 49.3% of caregivers had a very severe burden, 31.2% of children had a severe functional impairment, 19.6% had a moderate impairment, and 49.3% had full functionality. Based on their children's dependency, caregivers' subjective burden varied greatly (p <.001). Fully functional children had a far lower disease burden than severely and moderately disabled children (p <.001). The caregiver burden score differed significantly across chronic disease categories (p <.001). Unemployed caregivers had a far higher subjective burden than working caregivers (p =.009), and single (divorced/widowed) caregivers had higher burdens than married caregivers. Conclusions: Various factors can increase caregiver burden. Therefore, healthcare providers must plan holistic and family‐centred interventions to reduce the caregiving burden. Relevance to Clinical Practice: There is a need to establish support programs to help reduce the level of burden among caregivers of children with chronic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aimed to analyse nurses' perceptions of clinical leadership needs and compare their differences based on the sample's characteristics. Also, it aimed to compare nurses' perceptions of clinical leadership needs between nurses and nurse managers. Background: Various professional organisations have identified the need to develop clinical leaders. Clinical leadership is about having clinical expertise in specialised fields and having professionals involved in clinical care. However, worldwide, little emphasis is placed on the clinical leadership needs of nurses. Methods: Using STROBE (https://www.strobe‐statement.org/index.php?id=available‐checklists), a cross‐sectional study was conducted in 2020 using a purposive sample of 349 Jordanian nurses who were surveyed using the CLeeNA instrument. Different descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. The response rate in the current study was 69.8%. Results: The 7‐point CleeNa scale was reduced into 3 categories 1 = "not important (1–3)," 2 = "Neutral (4)" and 3 = "highly important (5–7)." The total mean score of perceived CleeNa was 2.61(SD = 0.50) indicating "very important." The highest perceived mean score of the subscales was for "leadership and clinical practice." In contrast, the lowest perceived mean score of the subscales was "financial and service management." The total mean scores of perceived CleeNa were higher among married nurses, nurse managers, those who have a master degree or more, aged 35 years or more, had more than 4 years of nursing experience or/and more than 4 years of leadership experience, supervised more than 10 employees and were working in teaching hospitals. The total mean scores of perceived CleeNa scale and subscales of staff and team development, patient safety and risk management, and perceived standards of care were higher among nurse managers when compared with nurses. Conclusion and relevance to clinical practice: Results indicated that innovative clinical leaders are needed. A paucity of research identifies the extent to which clinical leadership is enacted in clinical nursing practice. Developing a clinical leadership programme is warranted to contribute positively to nurses' leadership roles and outcomes, patients' outcomes, and in turn, organisational outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and Objective: This study investigated the effects of social support, parenting stress and maternal self‐efficacy on postpartum depression among adolescent mothers in Jordan. Background: Adolescent pregnancy may have serious health, social and economic consequences for young women, families and communities. In Jordan, the incidence of adolescent pregnancy has increased from 5% in 2012 to 15% in 2018. Little attention has been given to postpartum depression among adolescent mothers in Arab and Middle Eastern countries. Method: In a cross‐sectional design using convenience sampling, 200 women aged less than 20 years, six to eight weeks postpartum and who could speak and read Arabic were interviewed in a participating health clinic. The interview occurred before or after a woman's scheduled clinic appointment and included socio‐demographic data, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Maternity Social Support Scale (MSSS), Parenting Stress Scale (PSS) and Perceived Self‐efficacy Scale (PSES). Data collection took place between December of 2018 and April of 2019. Reporting followed the STROBE guidelines. Results: Results revealed that 28.5% of adolescent mothers had probable postpartum depression. Mothers who reported high social support, high parenting stress, low self‐efficacy, financial stress and marital conflict had significantly higher EPDS scores than those who did not report these stressors. Conclusion: Prevalence of postpartum depression reported in this study warrants immediate action on early assessment, detection and intervention. High levels of social support may feel overwhelming for young mothers and contribute to high parenting stress, low maternal self‐efficacy and marital conflict. Relevance to clinical practice: Adolescent mothers are at increased risk of PPD compared to mothers over 20 years of age. Perceived quality rather than availability of social support needs to be considered. Young mothers require education and early intervention prevention strategies to better prepared them for motherhood and manage stressors associated with their changing social role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: To determine nurses’ perceptions related to smoking cessation, health promotion and interventions provided to hospitalised patients. Background: Smoking is a major health problem in Jordan. The cost for treating smoking‐related health conditions is a significant strain on the healthcare system. Nurses are in an ideal position to encourage smoking cessation. Little is known about Jordanian nurses’ perceptions related to smoking cessation issues. Methods: A qualitative design was used to collect data from 22 Jordanian nurses using focus groups. Purposive sampling was used to select the study participants. Content analysis was conducted, to determine themes related to the research questions. Results: Nurses indicated that smoking cessation counselling is important. However, they did not feel that their counselling was very effective. Nurses indicated that the presence of a well‐defined hospital policy regarding smoking was a facilitator to smoking cessation and antismoking clinics would also help to decrease smoking. Challenges to nurses’ interventions included lack of hospital policy, lack of time and nurses who smoke could not be role models or provide effective counselling. Regarding decreasing smoking in Jordan, nurses had suggestions that included scare techniques and increasing taxes on cigarettes as well as enforcing policies that prevent cigarette sales to children under 16. Conclusions: Nurses are well aware of the hazards of smoking and indicate a belief that encouraging smoking cessation is an appropriate activity. Changes in smoking rules and the enforcement of rules, as well as increased public health efforts related to smoking cessation, are necessary to decrease smoking prevalence in Jordan. Relevance to clinical practice: Training in smoking cessation counselling and increased awareness of the resources may increase nurses’ ability to have an impact on decreasing the smoking prevalence in Jordan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and Objectives The aim of this study was to identify the differences in perceived learning needs between cardiac patients who have undergone major coronary interventions and their nurses. Background The decrease in length of stay after cardiac interventions has signalled an urgent need to provide effective in-hospital health education. Therefore, the content of health education should bridge the gap between nurses' and patients' views of what information is important for ensuring patients' optimum recovery. Design A descriptive comparative design was employed. Methods Patients were invited to participate if they had undergone angioplasty or bypass surgery and were ready for discharge within 24-48 hours. A convenience sample of 365 cardiac patients and 166 cardiac nurses participated in this study. Baseline data on patients' and nurses' sociodemographics, clinical history and experience were collected through personal interviews. Then, participants completed the Patient Learning Needs Scale to identify their perceptions of the learning needs after cardiac interventions. Results The top-priority learning needs according to both patients and cardiac nurses was information on wound care and medication. In contrast, the lowest-priority learning need was physical activity. Nurses perceived information about physical activity as most needed to patients, whereas patients perceived information about medications, postintervention complications and postintervention concerns as mostly needed. Conclusion The disparity between perceptions of patient and nurses on the essential content to be learned highlights the importance of considering both of these parties when establishing health education programmes. In addition, nurses should focus more on information related to the recovery period and immediate needs after discharge. Relevance to clinical practice Information about wound care, medication and potential complications should be the core of predischarge education programmes. In addition, nurses should focus on improve patients' awareness of secondary prevention and lifestyle modification, as patients pay less attention to these vital topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To identify the links between self-esteem, fatigue and health-related quality of life for children and young people during and following treatment for cancer. Background Measures to minimise adverse outcomes for survivors of childhood cancer have been developed, but the crucial periods of returning to school and transition to adult life and adult services are not addressed so well. Screening of quality of life, fatigue and self-esteem in childhood cancer patients during and after treatment is important for optimising the nursing response and improving outcomes for children. Design A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational, comparative survey was designed. Methods Validated measures of the attributes being studied were used. This study was conducted in private rooms on the ward and in the outpatient clinic of a major oncology hospital in Jordan in 2015. Seventy children aged 5-16 years were included. Ethical approval was secured. Results The age range of the children was 5-16 years (Mean 10·17, SD 3·4 years). Thirty were girls and 40 were boys. The total quality of life scores ranged from 21-100 ( M = 65·5; SD = 17·6). The total scores of fatigue range from 12·5-100 ( M = 65·79; SD = 22·20). Children with a high level of fatigue experienced lower quality of life. Conclusion Continuing education centres at hospitals may find the results of this study helpful to provide professional updates and training events to enhance nurses' understanding of psychosocial distress responses and ability to intervene effectively within the multiprofessional effort. Relevance to clinical practice The outcomes of this study may enhance the development of guidelines for routine assessment by nurses and others of these factors among children with cancer. The nursing role in ensuring holistic care and attention to the problems of most concern to patients could be strengthened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives This study develops a new instrument, the Spiritual Care Intervention-Provision Scale, and assesses its psychometric properties in an Arab Muslim nurse sample. The Spiritual Care Intervention-Provision Scale was developed to measure the frequency with which nurses provided aspects of spiritual care. Background Most of the available spiritual care instruments were developed in the West and reflect a predominantly Christian tradition. A review of the literature on spiritual care in nursing revealed that no instrument exists for measuring spiritual care interventions provided by nurses to Arab Muslim patients. Design A cross-sectional descriptive and correlational design. Methods Following an extensive literature search, review by an expert panel and a pilot study which included patients' views regarding aspects of spiritual care provided by nurses, the final version of the Spiritual Care Intervention-Provision Scale was tested in a convenience sample of 360 Jordanian Arab Muslim nurses. Correlational and factor analysis were used. Results The internal consistency of the Spiritual Care Intervention-Provision Scale was high, with α coefficient of 0·85. The exploratory factor analysis supported a two-factor structure for the Spiritual Care Intervention-Provision Scale as hypothesised. A significant positive correlation between the Spiritual Care Intervention-Provision Scale and religiosity was in the expected direction though small in magnitude. Conclusions This study initiates the development of an instrument for the provision of spiritual care intervention by nurses that balances the religious and existential dimensions of spirituality. The Spiritual Care Intervention-Provision Scale exhibited acceptable evidence of internal consistency and validity among Jordanian Arab Muslim nurses. Further work was suggested to firmly establish all aspects of this new scale. Relevance to clinical practice This culturally specific instrument contributes to the evaluation of the provision of spiritual care by Jordanian Muslim nurses to their patients, to guide them in providing a comprehensive and appropriate spiritual care interventions and to examine the effect of spiritual care on various aspects of patient's quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To explore the awareness of the incident reporting system, incident reporting practices and barriers to reporting incidents among Jordanian staff nurses and physicians in accredited and nonaccredited hospitals. Background Reporting medical incidents is an important element of patient safety enhancement and quality of care improvement and it should be an integral part of the organisational culture. Design A descriptive exploratory survey was used for the present study. Methods A modified version of the Incident Reporting Questionnaire was used to collect data from 307 nurses and 144 physicians at seven hospitals (four accredited and three not accredited) in Jordan. The response rate was 28·8% for nurses and 58·8% for physicians. Results Nurses were more aware of the incident reporting system than physicians. Physicians were less likely to report any incident on 50% or more of occasions. The major three barriers to reporting incidents were believing that there was no point in reporting near misses, lack of feedback and fear of disciplinary actions. Conclusion The study showed significant differences between nurses in accredited and nonaccredited hospitals regarding barriers to reporting incidents and reporting practices. Relevance to clinical practice Nurse administrators should modify existing systems for reporting incidents to overcome the barriers as shown in the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To deepen our understanding of the perceptions of health professionals regarding family witnessed resuscitation in Jordanian adult critical care settings. Background The issue of family witnessed resuscitation has developed dramatically in the last three decades. The traditional practice of excluding family members during cardiopulmonary resuscitation had been questioned. Family witnessed resuscitation has been described as good practice by many researchers and health organisations. However, family witnessed resuscitation has been perceived by some practitioners to be unhealthy and harmful to the life-saving process. The literature showed that there are no policies or guidelines to allow or to prevent family witnessed resuscitation in Jordan. Design An exploratory qualitative design was adopted. Methods A purposive sample of 31 health professionals from several disciplines was recruited over a period of six months. Individual semi-structured interviews were used. These interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Findings It was found that most healthcare professionals were against family witnessed resuscitation. They raised several concerns related to being verbally and physically attacked if they allowed family witnessed resuscitation. Almost all of the respondents expressed their fears of patients' family members' interfering in their work. Most of the participants in this study stated that family witnessed resuscitation is traumatic for family members. This was viewed as a barrier to allowing family witnessed resuscitation in Jordanian critical care settings. Conclusion The study provides a unique understanding of Jordanian health professionals' perceptions regarding family witnessed resuscitation. They raised some views that contest some arguments in the broader literature. Further research with patients, family members, health professionals and policy makers is still required. Relevance to clinical practice This is the first study about family witnessed resuscitation in Jordan. Considering multi-disciplinary healthcare professionals' views would be helpful when starting to implement this practice in Jordanian hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives This study explored how Jordanian nurses experienced the transition from home to host country to illuminate the elements of transformation. Background Much research has been conducted on topics such as the current international nursing shortage and the recruitment of nurses from various countries. International nurses have unique needs with regard to adapting to new host cultures and workplaces; furthermore, the literature has revealed little evidence of nurses' professional and personal experiences related to migration. Design A qualitative study was conducted, collecting data via individual interviews. Methods Twenty-five face-to-face and telephone interviews with Jordanian migrant nurses. Result This study showed that living and working in a host country changes the personal, social and professional attributes of migrant nurses. When nurses migrate, they encounter opportunities and significant challenges in their professional and personal lives. Although Jordanian nurses contributed their knowledge and skills to the UK healthcare system, they encountered enormous professional adaptation demands. Work setting discrepancies between source and host country are likely a major element behind the required nursing profession alteration. nurses' lives are transformed in terms of their personal and social networks in the host country. Conclusions Social transformation is an integral and inseparable part of engagement with professional organisation(s) in the host community. Professional integration likely has far-reaching effects and consequences involving not only the individual but also their home and host country families and their professional networks. Relevance to clinical practice To provide high-quality nursing care, we must learn about the transformation experience, expand our sense of who we are and gain a degree of control over how we perform our nursing roles when we move away from our home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To assess the epidemiology and correlates of urinary incontinence and its perceived impact on the emotional and social well-being of Jordanian women. Background Diabetes is a chronic disease with rising prevalence in women worldwide. Although urinary incontinence is a complication of diabetes, it is not commonly assessed with limited nurses' knowledge available on its prevalence, correlates and its perceived impact on lives of women. Design A cross-sectional survey design using probability sampling approach was used to collect information on incontinence. Methods A total of 1011 adult women, 20-65 years old, attending primary healthcare centres in Jordan were interviewed using a standardised incontinence questionnaire. Questionnaire included items to assess the perceived impact of incontinence on social and emotional well-being of women. The study outcome included weekly or more any, stress and urge incontinence. Results Of 435 (43%) diabetic and 576 (57%) nondiabetic women, a total of 676 (66·8%) women reported incontinence. The prevalence of weekly or more any, urge and stress incontinence was significantly higher in diabetic than in nondiabetic women, 31·5, 13·8 and 20% versus 18·2, 5·9 and 14·2%, respectively. After adjusting for age, body mass index, parity and history of urinary tract infections, in multiple logistic regression analyses, diabetes was significantly associated with any ( OR: 1·99; 95% CI: 1·44-2·74) urge ( OR: 2·23; 95% CI: 1·38-3·61) and stress incontinence ( OR: 1·54; CI: 1·07-2·22). Obesity and age were found to be significant correlates for urge incontinence in diabetics. Women with incontinence perceived incontinence as bothersome condition with negative impact on social well-being. Conclusions Incontinence is a common and distressing problem in diabetic women, especially for those who are older and obese. Prospective cohort studies are needed to assess how nurse-led interventions may impact the negative consequences of incontinence on women well-being. Relevance to clinical practice Nurses are in the right position to assess urinary incontinence in diabetic women. Proper communications, culturally sensitive screening and tailored interventions may assist nurses in providing care and support to alleviate the impact of incontinence on women well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To determine the effect of educational interventions for nurses on the success of weaning trials, ventilation period and reintubation incidence for mechanically ventilated patients in a Jordanian university hospital. Background Sharing decision between healthcare providers about weaning should be based on specific guidelines or protocols to avoid complications associated with wrong weaning estimation. Design A nonequivalent, pretest-post-test (quasi-experimental) study. Methods The study used a convenience sample consisting of 135 ventilated patients. The historical control group ( n = 65) data were collected from patients' files before the implementation of the educational interventions for the experimental group ( n = 70), which was recruited from intensive care units at a university hospital. The experimental group received educational interventions on Burns Weaning Assessment Protocol items over one month through in-service education, bedsides and hands-on application. Data were collected about Burns Weaning Assessment Protocol scores, failed trials, reintubation incidence and ventilation period for all participants. Results The results showed that the number of failed trials and reintubation incidence was less in the experimental group compared with the control group. On the other hand, there was not any significant difference in the score of ventilation period between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion Educational interventions for nurses on Burns Weaning Assessment Protocol have a significant impact on reducing incidence of failed trials and reintubation. Relevance to clinical practice The improvement of outcomes of patients on mechanical ventilators is a result of shared decision based on effective planning and communication between nurses and physicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To explore emergency department nurses' roles in health promotion and contributing factors involved. Background In many healthcare systems, emergency departments are increasingly urged to play a crucial role in health promotion. Although much has been written about health promotion and nurses in acute care settings, less has focused on emergency departments. Design A qualitative design was used. Methods In-depth semi-structured interviews were used with a convenient sample of 15 nurses in a Jordanian emergency department. Data were analysed using nvivo 9 (QSR International, Doncaster, Victoria, Australia). Results The analysis identified two themes. The first focused on nurses' roles in health promotion, comprising two categories: having no roles and 'let other people do it'. The second theme focused on the context and constraints of health promotion comprising fear of violence, the nature of healthcare service and patients' beliefs. The majority of nurses in emergency departments do not associate health promotion with their practice, hold some negative attitudes and devote more time to clinical tasks than health promotion, which is seen as a second priority. Conclusions The ideology of medicalised tasks has penetrated deeply into the core principles of health promotion, and thus, nurses' roles and potential in this area are questioned. Relevance to clinical practice Decision-makers and nurses within the hospital are urged to address the constraints identified in this study and debate them further. Failure to do so may lead to emergency nursing not being optimally achieved, with the absence of sustained and concerted health promotion work matching patients' cultural needs and sensitivities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To (1) identify the perceptions of Jordanian patients who suffer from coronary artery diseases towards nurse caring behaviours in critical care units; (2) identify the perceptions of Jordanian nurses who work in critical care units towards nurse caring behaviours; and (3) compare the perceptions of both patients and nurses towards nurse caring behaviours in critical care units. Background Caring is an important concept in nursing, when nursing behaviours were perceived by patients as caring behaviours, and thus, their satisfaction with the quality of care can be improved. Therefore, it is important for nurses to be knowledgeable about the caring behaviours as perceived by patients who complained from coronary artery diseases themselves. Design A descriptive comparative design was used. Methods A convenience sample of 150 patients who complained from coronary artery diseases and 60 critical care unit nurses completed the demographic form and the Caring Behavior Assessment scale. Results Patients in critical care units perceived physical and technical behaviours as most important caring behaviours, whereas nurses in critical care units perceived teaching behaviours as most important caring behaviours. Conclusion There were significant differences between patient participants' and nurse participants' perceptions towards four subscales of Caring Behavior Assessment scale that should be considered when caring for patients with coronary artery diseases. Relevance to clinical practice Patients with coronary artery diseases need well-trained and clinically competent nurses to meet their needs. 'Spiritual needs' was an important nurse caring behaviour that should be emphasised in nursing practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To examine hospital patients' understanding of health promotion in Jordan. Background Increasingly, hospital nurses are urged to promote patients' health and meet their needs. Yet, internationally, little is known about how patients themselves understand health promotion, and no Jordanian study has been undertaken in this area. Design A qualitative design was used. Methods Focus group discussions ( n = 4) were undertaken with hospital patients. All discussions were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using qualitative thematic analysis. Results Three images of health promotion emerged. These include health promotion as having adequate health knowledge, economic independency and good environment. It was also found that gender and spirituality affected patients' conceptualisations. Conclusions Hospital patients' understanding and expectations of health promotion are complex and go beyond the disease management approach. Therefore, if health promotion is to meet patients' needs and operate at empowerment and socio-economic levels, the images identified in this article should be considered. The study limitations and recommendations for practice and future research are also outlined. Relevance to clinical practice There is a need for a framework of health promotion that integrates patients' beliefs in general and particularly those related to religion and gender roles within the daily philosophy of care. Having achieved this, hospital nurses will be able to deliver culturally competent and wide-reaching health promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To investigate the experience of non-compliant hypertensive patients who had received seven sessions of adherence therapy ( AT) as part of a randomised controlled trial. Background AT is a patient-centred approach used to explore patient attitudes, beliefs and discrepancy toward medications that aimed to enhance patients' medication-taking behaviour. Design Qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with patients who had completed an AT intervention. Methods A convenience sample of 10 hypertensive patients who received AT as part of an exploratory randomised controlled trial ( ISRCTN99494659) were included. Thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews exploring patient's views and experiences of AT was used. Results Five major themes of AT emerged; modifying attitudes and beliefs, positive impact on self efficacy, therapist motivation, positive impact on well-being and a well-designed intervention. Conclusions patients' views about the benefit of AT were entirely consistent with our proposed mechanism of action for this intervention; that is by improving patient's beliefs and attitudes regarding taking drugs, and finding solutions to barriers that prevent adherence, patients become more complaint with their medication which in turn has a positive impact on clinical outcomes [i.e. blood pressure, hypertension complication (stroke, myocardial infarction, and recurrent hospitalisation)]. Relevance to clinical practice Exploring patients' experience with AT and recognising these five elements help in tailoring a new effective strategy according to individual needs for enhancing adherence to prescribed drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To evaluate the perceived care needs of parents of children with cancer in Jordan. (1) What are the parents' priority caring needs; (2) to what extent these needs are met by the healthcare team members; (3) the parents' need for further information (4) and whether socio-demographic, disease and treatment variables predict parents' needs for further information. Background Providing support for families caring for a child with a long-term illness has been recognised all through literature, yet studies focusing on parent needs are lacking. Design Descriptive survey. Methods A total of 98 parents from a tertiary oncology hospital in metropolitan area in Amman completed the Arabic Family Inventory of Needs-Pediatric II. Results Most of the 17 needs measured by the Family Inventory of Needs-Pediatric II were considered important. Only 78% of parents needs were met by the healthcare professionals; yet, the results clearly highlighted the importance of informing parents about the child's illness, treatment and outcome. The socio-demographic variables were not significant predictors for the family needs for further information, with two major exceptions; parents with lower level of education and parents of children undergoing bone marrow transplantation or surgery. Conclusions The needs of parents vary from family to another, and healthcare professionals must become familiar to these needs and acquire the skills to direct their interventions more appropriately. The Family Inventory of Needs-Pediatric II may be a useful adjunct in assessing the parents' needs for care and for information, as well as the quality of care services provided. Relevance to clinical practice Priority needs should be central in the daily care of these families and support programmes should be adopted in Jordan for planning and developing the system of care for these families, as well as their children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives. The purpose of this study is to provide insight into the relationship between dietary and fluid non-adherence, depressive symptoms, quality of life, perceived barriers and benefits of exercise, and perceived social support among Jordanian patients with end-stage renal disease receiving haemodialysis using Pender's health promotion model. Background. Non-adherence to dietary and fluid restrictions is a leading cause of treatment failure and poor outcomes in end-stage renal disease. Yet, factors that interfere with the patients' ability to follow their dietary restrictions are unknown. Design. A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional design was used. Methods. Jordanian patients ( n = 190) with end-stage renal disease receiving haemodialysis from three main Jordanian cities were included. The dialysis diet and fluid nonadherence questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Quality Of Life Index, Dialysis Patient-Perceived Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale, and the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support were employed to measure the key variables. Results. Patients were more likely men with mean age of 48·2 ± 14·9. Only 27% of the patients showed full commitment to diet guidelines and 23% to fluid guidelines during the last 14 days. Depression ( M = 18·8 ± 11·4) had significant negative association with quality of life (importance and satisfaction) ( r = −0·60, r = −0·32, p = 0·001, respectively). Multiple hierarchal regressions revealed a predictive model of only two variables: age ( B = −0·22, p = 0·05) and residual renal function ( B = −0·23, p = 0·012) for dietary non-adherence. Conclusions. Non-adherence to diet and fluid guidelines association with individual characteristics, health perception and psychosocial variables should be investigated in a longitudinal design. Relationship of non-adherence with culture-related factors should deeply be assessed among Jordanian patients with end-stage renal disease receiving haemodialysis. Relevance to clinical practice. Identification of the factors that may worsen dietary and fluid non-adherence may lead to improved therapeutic interventions within the mainstream of medical practice for Jordanian patients with end-stage renal disease receiving haemodialysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To describe Jordanian mothers' perceptions of nursing support provided during hospitalisation of their children and identify socio-demographic characteristic of mothers and children associated with mothers' perceptions of nursing support. Background Nursing support is crucial to mothers to ease and relieve pain and stress experience during hospitalisation of their children. Design A cross-sectional design. Method A total of 235 mothers who stayed with their children during their hospitalisations for medical or surgical health problems were recruited for the purpose of the study. Mothers of children of one month to two years old from two governmental hospitals in Amman- Jordan were interviewed over a period of two months. Data were collected using Nursing Parent Support Tool and demographic data questionnaire. Results This study showed that the perception of Jordanian mothers to nursing support was moderate ( M = 3·23, SD = 0·95). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that mothers' satisfaction to nursing support and mothers' education explained (0·332) of the variance in the mother's perception of nursing support. Conclusion Satisfaction with nursing care and level of education are important factors in Jordanian mothers' perception of nursing support. Nurses need to understand the importance of these factors when providing support and holistic care. Relevance to clinical practice To enhance high level of satisfaction of nursing care, paediatric nurses in the practice settings should establish parent support groups and provide educational materials that are beneficial for educated and uneducated parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. The purpose of this study was to assess rates of and risk factors for deep sternal wound infection after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Background. Deep sternal wound infection is one of the most devastating complications of cardiac surgery, resulting in multiple operative and non-operative procedures and increased hospital costs. Design. A retrospective design using an existing coronary artery surgery database of adults ( n = 206) who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting surgeries between January 2004–January 2006 at a university affiliated hospital, northern Jordan was used. Method. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to asses rates of and risk factors for deep sternal wound infection. Results. Deep sternal wound infection incidence rate was 22% of the total sample. Risk factors of deep sternal wound infection include: (1) diabetes (OR = 0·317, p = 0·048), (2) Obesity (OR = 0·275, p = 0·011), (3) duration of surgery (OR = 4·22, p = 0·032) and (4) use of intraaortic balloon pump (OR = 0·033, p = 0·001). Conclusion. The proposed model provides a preliminary indication of risk factors placing coronary artery bypass grafting patients at risk of DSWI. Further investigations and testing of the model are needed. Relevance to clinical practice. Determining patients who are at risk of developing deep sternal wound infection after cardiac surgeries is the first step towards its prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]