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In order to improve accuracy and efficiency for Roundness Error Evaluation (REE) in micro part measurements, a novel algorithm based on Computational Geometry is developed in this paper. In the algorithm the convex theory hull of Computational Geometry is used to identify relevant data for the following REE. Compared with traditional REE methods, the identification process can improve computational performance significantly. Based on the identification process, three optimized algorithms, Minimum Circumscribed Circle (MCC), Maximum Inscribed Circle (MIC) and Minimum Zone Circle (MZC), are also designed. Simulation results of REE show that the efficiency of REE is enhanced obviously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]