1. 学校現場における適応障害 ─不登校問題や学習性無力感との関連に着目して─.
- Author
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小倉 正義
- Abstract
This paper examines adjustment disorders in school, focusing on their relationship with problems of nonattendance at school and learned helplessness. First, I discuss the relationship between the problems of nonattendance at school and adjustment disorder by examining the results of a survey on the causes of nonattendance and those of a survey on the actual conditions of educational support centers (adjustment guidance classes) conducted by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), and previous research on the actual conditions of students with adjustment disorder in special support schools for students with health impairments. This paper also discusses the stressors of students with adjustment disorders who do not attend school. Additionally, the following points are outlined: (1) problems with friendships and poor learning are often assumed to be stressors, (2) it is important to organize stressors carefully as they are sometimes difficult to identify, (3) it is important to adjust the environment to reduce stressors, and (4) points for individual intervention. Next, I discuss the relationship between learned helplessness and adjustment disorder based on previous studies. Assuming that learned helplessness is one of the factors behind students’ apathy and anxiety, I outline the mechanisms that give rise to learned helplessness and the methods of intervention for students with learned helplessness. Specifically, I discuss the importance of environmental adjustments and interventions that enable students with learned helplessness to have experiences of contingency. Finally, the importance of preventive psychoeducation is discussed, confirming that various events at school can be stressors that lead to adjustment disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022