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The existing literature on political scandals predominantly focuses on their detrimental effects on society at large. This paper aims to offer an alternative perspective, arguing that political scandals can lead to positive change. It does so by examining the case of Japan’s ruling party, the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and its ties to the controversial religious organization, the Unification Church (UC). These ties were brought into public attention, following the assassination of the former Japanese Prime Minister, Shinzo Abe. Drawing on the framework of scandal mediation process (Prusa, 2010), this paper defines scandal as a form of communication between the elite and the masses, that facilitated by the media. By consulting data from newspapers and government reports, this paper investigates the progression of the scandal. It highlights how the communication unfolded during the progression of the scandal through public pressure, intense media coverage, public apologies by members of the political elites, and attempts to mitigate the damage. Moreover, this paper argues that the swift response from the government, notably the passing of anti-malicious donation law, shows that a political scandal can positively impact the functioning of social order. Focusing on how and under what circumstance a political scandal may have a positive impact introduces a richer nuance to the discussion of Japanese political scandals as demonstrated by these findings.

This paper focuses on the study and teaching strategy of Japanese conversation. The goal of the paper is to analyze the motivation of the students learning experience through CM as a media source of the study, which can lead students to enhance their level of proficiency. The study used a qualitative method of the case study Japanese conversation lecture. Conversation lectures are usually done by memorizing text or role-play using existing text. The idea of this study is similar to role-play but, through CM students can learn pronunciation, articulation, and intonation from the native (actor) directly. This study represents the first stage of a research project aimed at raising student confidence and enhancing Japanese fluencies. The major finding was that a clear majority of students reported a considerably high motivation according to the use of terms ‘tanoshikatta’ and ‘omoshiroi’ on their feedback. It says that students were interested to do the assessment.

[Ecolyrics in Japanese Children Songs: A Review of Two Douyou] This paper is an ecolinguistic analysis of the lyrics of two douyou (Japanese children songs) – coined in this paper as ‘eco-lyrics’. The aim was to analyse the representation of the state of the natural environment and the hometown in the lyrics of Japanese children's songs and the value that Japanese society inculcates to their children in relation to the natural environment. The two songs chosen were furusato and kokyou no sora. As a qualitative-descriptive study, this paper focuses on the intertextual discussion using the coherence approach of Ramlan (1993) and the semantic product of Burnett (2003). The result are a representation of the natural environment for the Japanese society in two douyou consisting of a thick traditionality, a place of longing, a place where family and friends live, a place to return home, a place that is beautiful and blends with nature, a comfortable and beautiful place. Then the values embedded in his children consist of emotional semantics, empirical semantics, origin semantics, contextual semantics, and functional semantics.

This paper is titled Theme of Love in Mishima Yukio’s Shiosai. The purpose of writing is to reveal the major themes in Mishima Yukio's Shiosai and its relationship to other structures, especially figures and characters, plots and backgrounds. The analysis uses structural methods that have the concept that in a building of a literary work consists of interrelated and inseparable structures. The results of this paper indicate that the theme of love is a major theme that is evidenced by the correlation and relationship of love problems with other structures, especially figures and characterizations, plot, and background.

The focus of this study is the shoushika phenomenon or decrease in the number of births that occurred in Japan from the perspective economic household in raising children. The research data was collected from several sources of statistical data published by the Japanese government, Family Income and Expenditure Survey, and National Institute of Population and Social Security Research. Recently the delay of childbearing of young married couple is said to reason of fertility decline. The high cost of children is said to be one of the causes of this delay. This paper will focus on the persistent low birthrate in Japan and the change of utility of children in Japan’s family. This paper show that there’s a transition from traditional family to modern family that influence change of children utility from good utility become comsumption utility. The transition to consumption utility related to Japanese family expenditure especially what family give to their children.

This paper aims to identify the technique translation of directive speech act that used in two Japanese stories of Mahou Hakushi by Iwaya Sazanami and Hashire Merosu by Dazai Osamu. Those stories are two translation works of Japanese literature in the book of Antologi Kesusastraan Anak Jepang (Nihon Jidou bungaku Senshuu). This book contains children’s literature that translated from Japanese to Indonesian by Antonius Pujo. Those two stories selected because there are many speech act in that, and the directive is considered as most interesting speech act than the other ones. This paper used descriptive qualitative method. The total number of the collected data are 50. The result show there are seven types of translation technique with total usage frequency 72 times. Those techniques are as follow : amplification 18 times, linguistic amplification 16 times, estabilsh equivalent 15 times, literal translation 11 times, reduction 5 times, modulation 5 times, transposition 2 times.

This paper entitled Sanmai no Ofuda in Greimas’s perspective. Sanmai no ofuda is the title of Japan’s folktale has similarities with localfolktales from several regions in Indonesia. In this paper, the writer tried to explain the narrative structure of Sanmai no Ofuda in Greimas’s perspective.Its mean to reveal the narrative structure of this folktale,the writer used structural naratology approaches with Algirdas Julien Greimas’s theory. The writer tried to understand about the intrinsic elements in Sanmai no Ofuda by examining the actans schemes and functional structure. The findings show that the narrative structure can explain the intrinsic elements more specificly.

This paper describes about Kanyouku which used in Japanesse daily conversation. Kanyouku used to express what we feel about something more specific than the common sentences. There are many expressions of kanyouku, but this paper is focused on a kanyouku which used to show surprise expressions. Kanyouku that introduced in this description only 10 of Doushi Kanyouku types. Those kanyouku not only described the meanings but also given examples of simple sentences that are commonly encountered in daily conversation.

Abstract Buddhism taught by Sidhartha Gautama in India about two thousand years B.C. has spread throughout the world. From India to Tibetan Buddhism evolved, China and into Japan. Buddhism in Japan has distinct characteristics compared to Buddhism elsewhere. In Japan, Buddhism is mixed with a strong Japanese spirituality. This paper is the result of a brief research on the book, as well as the Buddhists by means of dialogue. The general objective of this paper is to get a general idea of ​​the concept of Nichiren cosmology, particularly on the subject of the universe (environment) and life. The specific objective of this paper is the growing awareness to be open to understand other religions. It takes an attitude to want to investigate a religion without fanaticial attitude or prejudice. Key words: Nichiren Daishonin, Universe, Life

Interference is a mistake generally made by second language learners because they are influenced by their first language ability. Meanwhile, phonological interference is a mistake that occurs at the sound level due to changes in phonemes influenced by knowledge of the sound system in the first language. This paper discusses the errors of second language learners in understanding the sound changes that occur in the language they are learning. This study aims to describe the forms and factors that cause phonological interference committed by “Tes Wasedaboys Tulis Nama Makanan Indonesia! Ngakak Banget!”. The method used in the research is descriptive qualitative method with the theory referring to Weinrich's interference theory (1953). The data collection method used is the listening method with free listening technique. Based on the analysis that has been done, the form of phonological interference that occurs in the YouTube video on the Nihongo Mantappu channel entitled “Tes Wasedaboys Tulis Nama Makanan Indonesia! Ngakak Banget!” is divided into 2 classifications, namely 9 data of vowel phoneme interference and 8 data of consonant phoneme interference. Each interference is divided based on the addition of phonemes as much as 3 data, based on phoneme changes as much as 7 data, and based on phoneme reduction as much as 7 data. The factors that cause phonological interference are (1) bilingualism of speech participants which amounted to 3 data, (2) differences in vowel sounds and writing methods which amounted to 11 data, (3) carrying the mother tongue which amounted to 3 data.

Proverbs in Japanese are known as Kotowaza, which are defined as wise sayings or ancient proverbs that have many practical benefits. This study aims to examine the understanding of Japanese language students in Bandung city regarding the meaning of proverbs and their equivalents in Indonesian. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with the theory used for analysis is Ogden and Richard's triangle of meaning theory. This paper is expected to be an insight in understanding the meaning of proverbs. Although each word in these proverbs has a different meaning, when formed into a proverb in both Indonesian and Japanese, it will give rise to a new meaning that contains sarcasm, advice or simply reinforces the meaning of each utterance. The word elements used to form proverbs in Japanese and Indonesian are the same, but the meaning will be different depending on the culture of the people. The results of the analysis showed that out of 41 students of Japanese language study programs in Bandung, 29 students understood the meaning of some of the Japanese proverbs given, although the proverbs were not learned in their formal education. As for the Indonesian equivalents, each of these Japanese proverbs has two Indonesian equivalents.

This paper discusses the translation of Japanese ecological terms into Indonesian. The objective of this research is to describe the technique of translating ecological terms in the source text to the target text and its equivalence. The data in this study was obtained from the collection of short stories Kaze no Matasaburo and Guskobudori no Denki by Miyazawa Kenji as well as its translations in Indonesian by Unpad Press. The data was collected using the literature study method with note-taking techniques. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using the padan method with the basic technique of sorting the determining element (PUP) then continued with the hubung banding technique. The results of data analysis are presented by informal methods. Based on the results of the analysis, translation techniques used in this collection of short stories are, (a) borrowing, (b) calque, (c) transposition, (d) modulation, (e) equivalence, (f) adaptation, (g) borrowing and transposition, (h) modulation and equivalence, and (i) borrowing, transposition, and modulation.

This paper describes a dynamics proletarian literature and its relationship with Kanikosen novel by Kobayashi Takiji, including; the institution, ideology, production, and figures associated to narration used by Marxism theory posed by the author as one of the Japan "wild literatures" in the 1920s. This paper aims to usher the readers to the narrative of the Japanese proletarian literature and illustrates the Japanese proletarian literary map development. The form of “wildness” obtained by author is a social class conflict in literary texts such as in the Kanikosen story. Like an empirical reality, text construction, especially characterizations, background, and language style reflecting a dynamics of everyday social life. Intimidation, exploitation, deception, torture, suffering labor on one side and on the other side, the accumulation of profits, accumulating capital individually, and the arbitrariness of employers conducted by the owners of capital, reflected brightly by Kobayashi Takiji.

ABSTRACT This paper discusses a Japanese folktale (mukashi banashi) entitled Sanmai no Ofuda. This folktale has similarities with local folktales from several regions in Indonesia. In this paper, the writer tried to explore the condition of the society as well as the cultural backgrounds which became the setting of Sanmai no Ofuda. The writer tried to understand the cultural condition in Sanmai no Ofuda by examining the elements of the culture and the intrinsic elements. The findings show that the cultural background of the Japanese society as depicted in Sanmai no Ofuda has many similarities with the cultural background of Indonesian people. The intrinsic elements found in this study are language, system of social organization, belief, and the livelihood system. Keywords:Folktale, Cultural Background, Japan Society

The depiction of Super-Villain in Japanese Super Hero series usually showing the western country as the main villain. The result of World War II primarily influences this. Nevertheless, recently there have been several Super Hero Series that depicted the minorities as the main villain. The purpose of this study is to present the issue of minorities in the Japanese Super Hero Series. Through the cultural study approach, this paper will discuss how minorities being represented by the antagonist character, Roimudde. This study had two aims (i) how does the Roimudde representing the minorities in Japanese society. (ii) how the characters Heart and Medic represent that minorities were victims of society. We found that the Roimudde was a different race from humans representing the minorities through content analysis of the Children television series Kamen Rider Drive. At the same time, Heart and Medic have painful memories that made them grudge toward humanity. It is also mean that this film was recognizing the minorities as the victim of prejudice by society. It is necessary to throw all prejudice to other people just because of physical or race differences to enter transnational society without prejudice.

This paper is based on studying the differences and similarities in the form, structure, and usage of past sentences futsuugo-ngoko lugu in Japanese and Javanese. The study combines a qualitative and sociolinguistically informed comparative method. The data were taken from different sources, namely Shin Suikodenand Jin (a Japanese novel and play respectively), Ketoprak Wiswakarman (a traditional Javanese play), and Panjebar Semangat (a Javanese magazine), and were then analyzed from a contrastive linguistic perspective. Theories on Japanese and Javanese descriptive sentences, namely those of Ishii,[1] Masuoka,[2] Poedjosoedarmo,[3] Sasangka,[4] and Wedhawati,[5] were used. Besides, Djadjasudarma and Citraresmana [6] descriptive-qualitative method, Sanada’s,[7] concept of Sociolinguistics, as well as Tarigan’s,[8] Ishiwata and Takahashi’s,[9] theories of contrastive linguistics were also consulted. The study aimed to describe the differences and similarities in the forms, structures, and usage of past sentences futsuugo-ngoko lugu in Japanese and Javanese based on the dialogues' data. The study concludes that the addressers and addressees' speech levels in the Japanese conversations are those of futsuugo and ngoko lugu, which are comparable in the Javanese.

Indonesian is the word order of SVO. The limitative expression in Indonesian generally functions as an adverb in the sentence. Adverbs to express limitative expression in Indonesian are classified in some variations. In this paper, the researcher clarified the structure and meaning of limitative expression saja in Indonesian. Referring to the term used by Alwi (1998), Sneddon (2000) and Chaer (2009), saja appears to the right of nouns and verbs. Sneddon (2006) uses the word ‘limiter’ to show the meaning of saja. The research methodology used descriptive using actual data. Data analysis was conducted using theory, as stated by Alwi (1998), Sneddon (2000, 2006), and Chaer (2009). When translated into Japanese, the meaning of saja can be converted into various particles. The definition of each of the particles that express the limitation is considered based on the theory of Sawada (2007), Numata (2009), and Nitta (2009). The results of the research are, saja can be classified into five categories; there are uniqueness, multiplicity, continuity, the minimum limit, and extremity. In Japanese, each meaning can be translated into toritatejoshi dake, bakari, and sae.

(Title: Apologies In “Whatsapp” Produced By Japanese Department Student Of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta) This paper discusses an apology in Whatsapp by Japanese Department Students of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta in several situations use semantic formula. In era digital, Many of them always deliver their message to Whatsapp. They use Whatsapp for sharing information, expressing gratitude and apologies to their friends and teachers. Expressing apologies via Whatsapp is different from expressing it directly. Writing using Whatsapp will be more creative by using emoji or kaomoji based on the situations. Besides that, they usually abbreviate their writing on Whatsapp. The purpose of this research is to know how Japanese Department Students of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta expressing apologize via Whatsapp in several situations to the teacher, seniors, and friends. Do they use emoji or kaomoji and how they write an apologizing with the Teacher, Seniors, and Friend? This research uses a descriptive method with qualitative approaches since analyzed descriptively with the qualitative method. The method of analysis used the semantic formula to classify apologies based on the situation. The result of this research is the student’s tendency most of them use In-speech act instruction designation (apology content, appreciation, etc.) and they not so using emoji to express apologies to teachers.

(Title: Representation of Hero’s Journey on Main Character Chihiro in Hayao Miyazaki’s Spirited Away Anime) This paper is the result of a qualitative descriptive type of literature study. The purpose of this study was to reveal the heroic journey process of main character of Spirited Away anime named Chihiro, based on the Hero’s Journey theory proposed by Vogler. Data about Chihiro's heroic journey are obtained from anime with note taking techniques. The method used in the analysis is the method of content analysis based on the theory of Hero's Journey. From the results of the analysis, it can be seen that the main character Chihiro has undergone a total of the twelve stages of the hero’s journey. Chihiro's adventure has succeeded in changing her personality which was initially timid, spoiled, and whiny to be brave, independent, calm and confident, and full of compassion. Chihiro's heroic journey proves the true definition of a hero according to Vogler, while also proving that to win a fight does not always use physical strength. There are times when thinking intelligence and emotional intelligence are much more needed. In addition, this anime also features a lot of kamisama which was once believed by the Japanese. Miyazaki might want to remind again about the existence of Japanese gods by displaying them in this anime, either those actually found in Japanese mythology or Miyazaki's own creations. Thus, the story of Spirited Away which has a mythical structure as stated by Vogler becomes much more alive and interesting.

Internationalization of Japanese Higher Education is not a new issue, but has begin since 1983. In 1983, the Japanese Government lead by Prime Minister Nakasone Yasuhiro announced its plan to accept 100.000 international students by 2000. The target number of international student was reached in 2003. In 2008, Japanese Government announced new plan to accept 300.000 international students by 2020. This plan called Global 30 or Ryuugakusei 30-mannin keikaku. To achieve this target, thirteen universities has been chosen to be pilot for the project. One of main aim of Global 30 is to develop system where student can learn in international method, so some university offer English program by invite English speaker lecturer, and English training for university’s staff. This paper reviews the internationalization of Higher Education in Japan, focus on Global 30 project.

[Title: MINWA: The Reflection of Japanese society’s Life ] Folklore is part of a collective culture that is spread and passed down from generation to generation. In this paper we will discuss about the type of oral folklore that developed in Japan. This exposure focuses on an explanation of the values of life contained in all three. The values of life discussed include religious values, social values and moral values. By knowing these values can be known also things that became the origin of the formation of Japanese society identity. The results of this research is that folklor which in Japan known as Minwa, can be categorized into 3 types and knows as Shinwa, Densetsu and Mukashi Banashi. In the three types of folklore Mukashi Banashi is a type of folklore that is full of life values. In mukashi banashi the religious values, social values and moral values described not only in all the elements of the story builder, but they are expressed in more detail.

The author analyzes the shape and function of the verb temiru and structure modification studies. The purpose of this study is to describe the shape and function of temiru verb in the sentence contained in the work of Banana Yoshimoto kitchin novel and novel Totto - chan Tetsuko Kuroyanagi work through the study of form and function. In this paper the author uses descriptive analysis method according to the theory Sudaryanto. According to research methods of descriptive analysis is done solely based on facts or phenomena that are empirically still used by native speakers so it can be described as is. For data analysis the authors use the method agih, namely the basic techniques Element For Direct ( BUL ). To analyze the data, the author uses the theory Yuriko Sunagawa et al. Based on this theory can be found in general function temiru verb meaning to try .

[Kotowaza in Cognitive Linguistic Analysis: The Use of Synecdoche]. This paper analyzes kotowaza using synecdoc through the study of cognitive linguistic. The background of this research is the difficulty of understanding relationships between the meanings of the kotowaza on foreign learners because of cultural differences and lack of dictionaries that support the process of understanding kotowaza deeply. The purpose of this research is to understand kotowaza deeply, determine the connection of these lexical-figurative meaning of Japanese proverbs using synecdoche based on the study of cognitive linguistics. The method used is a qualitative method in approach of cognitive linguistics. At the end of the study, it is concluded that synecdochecan be used to analyze the correlation between the lexical meaning and figurative meaning of kotowaza that contains a word or two which represents wider or smaller meaning such as kotowaza which related to the characteristics of an area or kotowaza that associated with number.

In Japanese toritatejoshi Bakari is a particle that shows the meaning of limitation by way of highlight an element in the sentence and shows that there is only one element of the sole, while the other elements similar omitted. Meanwhile in a Indonesian Toritatejoshi Bakari has lexical meaning 'just' and 'only'. Matching of toritatejoshi Bakari in a Indonesian language included in limitedly adverb is an adverb that describes the meaning associated with the limitation. The problem in a this paper are (1) What is the structure of a sentence that uses toritatejoshi Bakari as limiting particle in a Japanese sentences and their counterparts in a Indonesian? (2) What is the meaning of a sentence that uses toritatejoshi Bakari as limiting particle in a Japanese sentences and their counterparts in a Indonesian? (3) What is the scope of toritatejoshi Bakari as limiting particle in a Japanese sentences and their counterparts in a Indonesian?. Based on the analysis conducted, it is known appropriation of both languages​​. In practical terms this study are expected to be useful for foreign language speakers of Japanese in the understanding toritatejoshi fueled as barrier particles so as to assist in the Japanese language proficiency both orally and in writing and helps understanding in Indonesian

After defeated on World War II, Japan economy has recover and become one of developed country in Asia. One of the factor that give contribute to Japanese economy rising is Japanese spirit. Company usually teached work culture to every worker that can be seen from Japanese work ethic. For example ideology of Family Methaphore, Shushin Koyo seido (Lifetime employment) Nenko Joretsu ( Salary based on seniority ) and Kigyou betsu Kumiai (Union based on corporation). The work culture practice in Japan company has had positive and negative consequences. As we know, that it has great contributed to Japanese economy development it self. But, it also bring a number of social problem especially to many workers. Service overtime and Karoshi are the example of the consequences of Japan work ethic practice until nowadays. Worker are expected to give their deducation and loyality to job company. This paper will try to give explanation about the consequences of Japan work ethic practice in Japan.

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to know the politeness strategy dan expressions which are exist in expressions contain of politeness strategy in Japanese conversation class for basic level and intermediate level. The data sources are the conversation part of book titled Minna No Nihongo Shokyuu 2 dan Minna No Nihongo Chuukyuu 1. Based on the analysis result, there are 110 datas found in basic level, and 68 datas are found in intermediate level. As a result, positive politeness strategy (sub strategy 2) is the most found politeness strategy in basic level, while negative politeness strategy (sub strategy 1) is the most found politeness strategy in intermediate level. The type of expressions that are found in expressions contain of positive politeness strategy (sub strategy 2), such as ～ndesuka（~んですか）, ~desuka (～ですか), while the type of expressions that are found in expressions contain of negative politeness strategy (sub strategy 1), such as Chotto~te mo ii desuka (ちょっと～てもいいですか), Chotto~te itadakenaideshouka (ちょっと～ていただけないでしょうか).

Abstract This article describes phenomenon of similarities and differences gestures which have similarities and differences in the interpretation of the meaning of Japan society and Indonesia society. In Japan society and Indonesia society, equations of motion cues with similar meaning indicating similarities mindsets. In contrast, differences in gestures with different meanings show different mindset. This paper also describes some cases phenomenon of gesture interpretation misunderstandings caused by cultural differences between speaker and listener. To learn a language, is to learn the culture contained therein Keywords: gestures, mindsets, society, culture, phenomenon

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to know the structure of compound verb (V + V) in Japanese. The structure is a forming of zenkoudoushi (first verb) and koukoudoushi (second verb). The second verb is kiru. And the first verbs are joutai doushi (statis) keizoukudoushi (contuinity), shunkandoushi (fungtual), and daiyoushudoushi (the four verb). This classification from the Kindaichi’s classification. As a single verb kiru means to cut, to slice, to decide, and to turn off. When it combined with other verbs, the verb kiru will form a compound verb which has several meanings. Commonly, compound verb kiru has two meanings, namely in terms of lexical meaning and syntactical meaning. Lexically, compound verb kiru means setsudan ‘cutting’ and shuketsu ‘ends/over’, while syntactically this verb means kyokudo ‘extraordinary/ infinite’ and kansui ‘perfective’. The compound verb ~kiru which attached to continuity (keizokudoushi) has meaning as setsudan ‘cutting’, shuketsu ‘ends/over’, and kansui ‘perfective’, while when it is attached to the punctual verb (shuunkandoushi) means kyokudo ‘extraordinary/ infinite’. Keyword : zenkoudoushi, koukoudoushi, compound verb, ~kiru

ABSTRACT The paper describes theidentification ofthe elements of popularity TV drama seriesKinpachi Senseiand its transformationbased on thetheoryformulawithapproachesthat examinecontinuity, repetition, duplicationandimitationofa formand elements ofpopularfiction. In addition, thesyntacticsemanticapproaches and qualitativeapproachto collect datain the form ofwrittendocuments such as quotationsandstatistics will use too. The result of this study concludes that history of a work to be popular can not be separated from the influence of society culture in the coloring of a genre. Key words: popular culture, formula, convention, school life, TV drama.