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This article explores how audio diaries enable researchers to make sense of issues pertaining to intersectionality, positioning and gender in workplace learning narratives. Literature supports the utility of audio diary methods as they offer researchers a unique lens to explore interactions between verbal and non‐verbal cues to investigate intersecting identities and positions with participants. In this paper, the author combines the richness of audio diaries with intersectionality and positioning theories to explore how identities are negotiated over time. This paper presents a narrative case study that examines intersectionality, gendered identities and professionalism in the context of male‐ or female‐dominated healthcare environments. The case sheds light on how audio diaries embrace complex qualitative data that can be utilised as a tool to cross disciplinary boundaries in the social sciences. The article demonstrates how underpinning audio diaries with feminist theory empowers participants to make sense of their intersecting identities, whilst nurturing an intimate dialogue between researcher and participant to explore tensions between language and identity. Further discussion considers how reflections are facilitated using audio diaries, with a focus on how theory and time can enable and strengthen the quality of the research process, data and analysis between researcher and participant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information about several journals. The International Journal of Psychology, which started publication in 1966, is devoted to cross-cultural comparative and co-operative research in general, genetic and social psychology throughout the world. It reports on comparative field or laboratory studies, inquiries, experimental replications, critical reviews, theoretical or methodological papers in relationship with cross-cultural research, projects or cross-cultural studies are also published. Sociological Studies will be international in scope and will offer a professional, coordinated and disciplined review and appraisal of research trends in different areas of sociology. Each issue will consist of a collection of papers integrated around a particular theme. In particular it is hoped to provide an avenue for the publication of longer working papers which are at present too extensive for most journals. Sociological Studies will be published annually in English by the Cambridge University Press. The first issue will appear in 1968.

This paper discusses a case of conflict management in the WSF 2004. The reasons for the explosion of the conflict are briefly discussed and linked to the lack of clear and consistent proactive practices of inclusion in the organisational process of the WSF. The discussion focuses on the attempts to negotiate the conflict generated by the claims voiced by Ahmed (a member of the Indian Muslim community), who deprecates the exclusion from the organisational process of the WSF of which he feels he and his community are victim. The paper shows how such conflicts could be prevented by designing carefully at the outset consistent strategies of outreach and by performing regular practices of inclusion. The core of the argument focuses on the strategies of conflict management in the case of the incident described. The shortcomings of those practices are exposed and discussed. The research shows how the main deficiencies of the conflict management strategies discussed are due to contingent improvisation and to the lack of consistent and thoroughly discussed guidelines in conflict management and communicative strategies in moments of crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The political sentiment represented by the WSF celebrates diversity, and cultivates a substrate where movements can be incubated, and prosper. This paper questions a particular secular(ist) vocabulary, grammar, and culture of politics exhibited at the WSF in Mumbai. It asks whether the political space of the Forum, which is defined as open, democratic, and tolerant, must necessarily be a secular one, or whether a secularistic political affect closes potentialities by narrowing the possibilities for anti-imperial critiques, thus excluding valid forms of dissent? The paper will argue that a secularistic culture of politics can be an impediment for an emerging and growing revolutionary phenomenon because of its exclusionary and limiting tendencies. Building on a critique of affective politics, it will be shown that the imperative of a politics of resistance free from religious sentiments will both fail to address the needs of vast majorities of the planet's inhabitants and continue to provide opportunities for more fundamental and violent alternatives to flourish. Drawing from the work of Connolly, Deleuze and Guattari, as well as Ramadan, this paper critiques the privileged space allotted to secularism, and invites discussion about how to provide scope for the possibility of a political ethic which does not alienate believers, instead creating the potential for new models of political pluralism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses Canada's response to the challenge of informing public social policy. A task force was established to assess the barriers that needed to be overcome in order to meet the challenges; Description of how the Canadian social science research community responded is presented.

This section presents several abstracts of articles related to social science including Development Economics and the Compensation Principle by Ravi Kanbur.

This paper is a conceptual investigation into the notion of a network as a form of social organization for the production of excellent research. This metaphor has been particularly attractive to social scientists and managers of cooperative research, because it seems to connote what is organic, flexible and libratory in communication and in the philosophy of language. The paper criticizes this preconception. In particular, it shows that, while Wittgenstein's philosophy may indeed encapsulate the virtues that partisans for the networking trope admire, they are mistaken in thinking that they can claim his authority for the use they make of this figure. The thought that they can do so results from inattention to features of the development of his ideas about language, particularly his fervent anti-scientism. I conclude that an over-stretched use of the metaphor obscures its constraining signification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the interrelations of globalisation, communication, and democratisation, particularly in relation to gender equality and empowerment. It provides a historical analysis of the development of global women's networks, especially in the substantive areas of media and communications technologies, and the politics of their process and their achievements. It examines the convergences in media and communications technologies, and hence the continuities and changes in analytic foci, between the 1995 Beijing Summit on Women and the 2005 World Summit on the Information Society. Also explored are the gender politics and the range of gender-related issues that emerged through the WSIS process, especially the growing centrality of ICTS for development but also the limits of a solely technologistic approach. The paper argues that a gender lens can provide a holistic analysis of global issues, which include the democratisation of communication, the communication of democracy, and the emancipation of the world's women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper conducts a review of various issues of women's poverty and participation in informal sector trade in Eastern and Southern Africa. Poverty is endemic in the region, where an estimated half of the population lives on less than one dollar per day. This situation is more pronounced for women and has added significance in the subregion where nearly half of the households are headed by women. Women's deprivation is manifold and ranges across the economic, social and political arenas. Women are heavily involved in the informal sector and cross-border trade. These activities are generally low-paying, tedious and erratic. They also tend to be survivalist in nature and unsophisticated, involving the sale of cheap perishable commodities. These have now expanded to involve trade in biological and forest resources in a region that is being devastated by HIV-AIDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To what extent has the Beijing +10 process led to the improvement of the lives of women? This paper addresses key issues involved in making such an assessment, in particular, the conceptualisation and measurement of gender equality. It starts with a consideration of three different perspectives concerning the conceptualisation of “improvement” as either economic development, human capabilities, or gender equality. This is followed by an analysis of the tensions between three different models of gender equality. The final section is a critical review of the operationalisation of these concepts and the collection of data necessary to assess progress on each of the 12 critical areas of concern of the UN Platform for Action. In particular, what are the best indicators? The paper engages with the development of international standards of gender equality with a focus on their application in the EU region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A reference section is presented which includes the articles "Political losers as a barrier to economic development (political economy, governance and development," by D. Acemoglu and J. A. Robinson in the "AEA Papers and Proceedings," "Economic backwardness in political perspective," by the same authors in the "American Political Science Review," and the book “Sustaining development in mineral economies," by R. M. Auty and R. F. Mikesell.

The article presents information related to various congresses and conventions of International Social Science Council. The XIVth General Conference of the International Federation of Social Science Organisations was held in Naresuan University in Phitsanulok, Thailand last November 17-19, 1999 with the theme 'Interface of Social Sciences with Science and Technology: A Social Science Assessment of Development and Application of Science and Technology.' The different papers touched on various aspects related to the perception of technological and social needs of the people, meeting the problem of poverty and sustainability with science and technology innovations, and the kind of fund support given by the state to science and technology. The Programme Committee for the XVIIIth International Political Science Association World Congress chaired by William M. Lafferty, has drawn up the preliminary programme. Several conferences organised by International Sociological Association Research Committees, Working and Thematic Groups or national members have been scheduled for the year 2000.

The article presents several books on social sciences. The book "Cyprus and the War of Greek Independence, 1821-29," is written by John T. A. Koumoulides. The book "Danubian Papers," is written by Ronald Syme. The book "The Jewish Bund in Russia From its Origins to 1905," is written by Henry Tobias.

The article reports on the second conference of the International Peace Research Association convened in Tällberg, Sweden from June 17-19, 1967. 15 scholars from around the world participated in the conference. In three days, approximately 45 papers were read and discussed, covering subjects ranging from simulation to games theory, from statistics of international relations to studies of nationalism, from legal aspects of intervention to the Kashmir conflict. The central theme of the conference, however, was poverty and peace. It is now recognized that scientific research into the causes of war and the conditions of peace has a contribution to make to the furthering of peaceful relations. Though there was no unanimity on the subject, there was fairly wide support for the position that peace research should not steer clear of those issues which have become too hot to handle but should endeavor to make a contribution to the solving of the problem within a strictly scientific framework. Professor Gunnar Myrdal of Sweden, said that connection between poverty and peace is no more than a popular theory, a complex of stereotypes unrelated in any way to reality.

Since the end of the Second World War, there has been considerable scholarly activity directed towards making the study of international relations more rigorous, systematic, and interdisciplinary. This paper describes the research activities of the Studies in International Conflict and Integration at Stanford University. This work has been characterized by: (a) studies in depth-of-crisis situations; (b) a focus on individual decision-makers—rather than the nation-State—as the primary unit of analysis; and (c) heavy reliance on techniques of content analysis. Some findings from situations such as the 1914 European crisis and the 1962 Cuban crisis are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents an announcement regarding the Twentieth Congress of the International Institute of Sociology to be held from September 12-18, 1962, at Corboda in Argentina. The decision to hold this international meeting was taken on account of the interest the Latin American countries present from the point of view of sociological studies. The bureau decided that the subjects should centre round a single theme, the "Sociology of Societies in the Process of Industrial Development," a subject designed to give all sociologists an opportunity to make their own contribution either to theoretical or to practical research. Virtually all aspects of sociology are covered, so that experts specializing in different branches can report on their own fields. Applications for enrollment should be made on the form attached to the information pamphlet and sent to the committee as soon as possible. Papers must deal with purely sociological subjects, and they must be not more than 20 pages in length, typewritten, with double spacing. Papers must be drafted in English, French, German, Italian or Spanish, and must have a summary in French attached with them.

When 189 member states of the United Nations unanimously agreed to the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action in 1995, they committed themselves to ensuring women's equal access to, and full participation in, power structures and decision-making. At the time of signing, women constituted fewer than 12% of parliamentary members worldwide, a percentage mirrored in Indonesia. What has happened in the intervening years in terms of women's political participation in Indonesia? To what extent have Indonesian women been able to enforce the sentiments of the Beijing Women's Conference and institute political gains, both quantitative (e.g., increasing political representation) and qualitative (e.g., ensuring women's issues are prioritised)? What obstacles continue to hinder women's entry into politics and what needs to be achieved in order to further facilitate women's political participation? In addressing these and other questions, this paper argues that while there have been substantial developments in terms of public recognition of women's right to participate in politics, women continue to be effectively invisible in Indonesian politics; indeed, the last decade has actually witnessed a decline in the number of women in politics in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the last 30 years, rapid social change has dramatically altered the conditions and meanings of women's lives in Bangladesh. After generations of public neglect and exclusion, women are now widely exposed to a globalised world of foreign aid, migration, trafficking, factory work, and urbanisation. The sharp rise in women's participation in the labour force, involvement in governmental and non-governmental programmes, and migration to urban centres as well as other countries augment their greater social and political visibility. The presence of women in the marketplace and public space has improved opportunities for greater access to resources and the capacity to act, but exposed large segments of the population as highly vulnerable targets of sexual violence, repression in workplaces, and religious persecution. This paper frames the realities of escalating violence against women within the contemporary discourses of gender empowerment and development. It argues that current development policy in Bangladesh assumes increased welfare for women in the process of economic development when, in fact, women are subjected to new and intensified forms of violence during these changes in the economy and society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Beijing Platform for Action (1995) and its companion documents – those of the Vienna Conference on Human Rights (1993) and the International Conference on Population and Development (1994) – took important steps toward securing recognition for what we might call human rights of the body. These are affirmative rights relating to sexual expression, reproductive choice and access to health care and negative rights pertaining to freedom from violence, torture and abuse. But ten years later, the violated male bodies of Abu Ghraib, Guantánamo, and Gujarat seem to mock certain of Beijing's most basic premises: that women are primarily the victims rather than the perpetrators of bodily abuses; and that, as such, women are, or should be, the privileged beneficiaries of bodily integrity rights. This paper re-examines these premises in the shadow of the “war on terrorism”, religious extremism, and practices of racialised, sexual, and often homophobic violence against men that emerge in wars and ethnic conflicts. In particular it looks at the war in Iraq and how that war configures such practices in both old and new ways. My purpose is not to repudiate feminist visions but rather to challenge the exclusive privileging of women as the bearers of sexual rights and to open up discussion of new, more inclusive coalitions of diverse social movements for rights of the body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I argue that transnational feminist practices have become the dominant modality of feminist movements around the world, since the Fourth Women's World Conference in Beijing. By transnationalism I mean both organising across national borders as well as framing local, national, regional, and global activism in “transnational” discourses. I review two sites of transnational feminism, the UN and the World Social Forum, especially the emergence of the Feminist Dialogues from the Forum. I argue that the changed socio-political context following Beijing – in particular the continuing hegemony of the neo-liberal economic agenda, the entrenchment of religious fundamentalisms, and the post 9/11 wars and focus on terrorism in the US and around the world – has highlighted the limitations of transnational activism, for both internal movement politics and social transformation. Transnational feminism fragments movement politics as tensions emerge between movement organisations that can actually cross borders versus those that cannot and reproduces inequalities among activists within and between countries in the North and South. More importantly, however, given the spaces within which transnational feminists operate and the modalities of transnational activism, the strategic focus of movements' shifts from outcome to process and from redistribution to policy and discursive changes. Thus, the ironic state of the feminist movements post Beijing, I argue, is that (some) women's agency is visible everywhere even as (most) women's lives remain mired in multiple inequalities. What is needed in this neo-liberal moment is a neo-radical feminist politics that is based on intersectional analysis and democratic practices but devises strategies with other mass movements that can redistribute resources and emancipate women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Beijing Platform for Action represented a conceptual shift from a focus on “the status of women” and “gender inequality” to the objectives of “gender equality” and “women's empowerment”. Among other things, it called for gender-disaggregated data for planning and evaluation. In this paper we define women's empowerment as a multi-dimensional process of achieving basic capabilities, legal rights, and participation in key social, economic, political, and cultural domains, and we offer a set of indicators for its measurement. Although “cultural participation and rights” is difficult to measure, we argue that gender indicators should include the important area of women's access to and participation in cultural institutions and decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents the abstracts of the articles in this issue of the "International Social Science Journal".

This study proposes to examine the recomposition of the practices and notions of social change that are currently used in the World Social Forum (WSF). The alternative globalisation movement is united around the idea of shifting from current societies to“another possible world”. How does the movement envision and implement this shift? Today, the approaches to social change that coexist and interact within the Forums are being completely recomposed, both conceptually and practically. To analyse these evolutions, this paper will study a French group made up of actors implicated in the organisation of the 2003 European Social Forum. The goal of the group is to establish a collective space for self-assessment of the alternative globalisation movement. Since the group lacks an overall vision or political project, it experiences the present as a space that it must completely occupy in order to shape and stimulate the recompositions in progress. It seeks to recompose political goals and an overall vision, using as its starting point the host of practices and analyses found in the Forums. In this approach, by establishing consistency between the form and content of social change and between the different levels and domains of action, localised changes are able to connect, circulate, and“become part of a system”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I want to engage with the concept of“open spaces”, such as the World and other Social Forums (SFs), as an organisational form and discuss its relevance within the framework of a discourse on the politics of alternatives and the overcoming of capitalism. I suggest that we have to understand the organisational form of open spaces to contain elements that are alternative to the organisational forms of power that arise from capitalist disciplinary markets and other exploitative and oppressive relations. This emerges out of the SF's Charter of Principles, which proclaims the SF to be a space, a process, and a framework, within which not only resistance to neo-liberalism is strengthened and struggles circulate, but alternatives are actively promoted. I suggest that the question ofhowstruggles circulate, organise, and are able to coordinate alternatives is thekeyquestion around whichan alternativeto capitalism as a mode of organising social production can emerge. In other words, the alternative to capitalism is an alternative mode of relating, and hence also requires and must manifest alternativeprocessesof social production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents abstracts of articles published in the June 2004 issue of the scholarly "International Social Science Journal". Articles include: "International knowledge and innovation networks for European integration, cohesion, and enlargement"; "International social science research: craft industry or baby behemoth?"; "Science policy-making, democracy, and changing knowledge institutions"; "Building social science research capacity in Bolivia: an institutional innovation"; "Poverty, the next frontier in the struggle for human rights"; "Poverty as a violation of human rights: towards a right to non-poverty"; "Poverty and human rights: the issue of systemic economic discrimination and some concrete proposals for reform"; "Poverty and the local contingency of universal rights".

This article discusses a research project of the MOST programme on economic and social transformations connected with the international drug problem, covering Latin America and Asia. In the drugs market, official intervention has a key role to play in regulating the relationship between supply and demand. It was learned that the drugs issue is one of the factors in the process of realignment of international relations, together with identity crises and demographic, cultural, and economic transnational flows. According to members of the MOST network, one of the driving factors behind transformations is the explosion in the production of drugs of all kinds in every region of the world. The production and distribution of drugs constitute a considerable source of revenue. Revenue from drugs can help to offset budget deficits or enrich individual members of population groups, companies, and even countries. Drugs also involve economically marginalised groups, such as peasant-producers or small-time dealers, as well as criminal organisations and certain integrated sectors of society, in the world of business or state institutions. The project was based on networking among social science research institutions chosen for their scientific quality and multidisciplinary approach.

The 1990s has been a turbulent decade for inter-national migration in the UNECE region. While recorded movements have declined in recent years in Western Europe, major questions surround the frequency of unrecorded and irregular migrations which many believe are steadily increasing in number, though the evidence is problematic. Central and Eastern Europe is characterised by short-term, short-distance, cross-border movement, most of which is foreconomic purposes and takes advantage of the openness of the informal sector. In North America the main thrust of immigration has long been towards permanent settlement, whereas in Europe most migration has, initially at any rate, been temporary, albeit frequently leading to settled immigrant communities. In the 1990s immigration debates in Canada and the US seem to have increasing echoes of those across the Atlantic. Especially in the US the 'immigrationethos' is increasingly questioned. This paper elaborates on these issues by attempting to identify what is actually happening. How important is migration? What are the patterns and trends? How significant are new and unrecordedtypes of flows? What dilemmas are presented to the managers of the UNECEmigration systems? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information about the scientific programmes of International Social Science Council. International Human Dimensions Programme, The Global Change System for Analysis, Research and Training will hold its second bi-annual International Human Dimensions Workshop for young, developing country scientists on September 11-23, 2000 in Bonn. The third workshop on the 'Role of the State in Poverty Alleviation was held in Amman, Jordan on November 7-9, 1999 based on a wider angle and more research-oriented type of approach that could be described as 'The systemic relations of the State and Poverty.' As the State represents a major actor within this systemic context, the State becomes the focus of the studies presented in this Seminar. CROP Call for Papers: State and Society: Partnership in Poverty Reduction, is a follow-up of the above-mentioned workshop, which will be held in Accra. Ghana in October, 2000. Its theme reflects the general trend that recognises the centrality of civil society and private business institutions in poverty reduction.

The article focuses on the criticism of Cyril Burt's theory over the integrity in social sciences and the assessment of IQ. Cyril Burt was perhaps the most eminent British psychologist of his generation. His pioneering research, more than half a century ago, on backward children, on delinquency and on educational disadvantage was extremely influential, as was his contribution to methodology, for example in the development of factor analysis and of IQ measurement. He has been described as "the father of British educational psychology." But a recent article in the "Sunday Times" triggered a bitter debate, reflected in a prolonged correspondence in the columns of The Times of London, about his scientific integrity. The scandal - for that is what it is - raises some major issues for social science. A central theme of Burt's work was that variations in intelligence, along with other human differences, were largely determined by genetic factors. He attributed a relatively minor role to social and environmental factors and thus, by implication, to intervention intended to reduce differences. This perennial debate about the relative influence of heredity as against environment - or "nature versus nurture" - is clearly an important one, not only within the social science community but also in the wider world, where its political relevance is obvious. Burt used two main sets of data to support his views. One was based upon comparisons of the "assessed" intelligence of parents and their children, the other on similar comparisons of the intelligence of twins.

The article focuses on the rise of governance and the risks of its failure. It also examines the roles of markets, states, and partnerships in economic co-ordination and considers their respective tendencies to failure. The rise of governance is partly due to secular shifts in political economy which have made heterarchy more significant than markets or hierarchies for economic, political, and social co-ordination. It also examines the roles of markets, states, and partnerships in economic co-ordination and considers their respective tendencies to failure. It addresses the growing interest in governance and seeks explanations in recent theoretical developments. It examines whether the rise of the governance paradigm might also reflect fundamental shifts in economic, political and social life, such that governance will remain a key issue for a long time, or is a response to more cyclical shifts in modes of co-ordination. The paper considers the logic of heterarchic governance in contrast to anarchic, ex post co-ordination through market exchange and imperative exante co-ordination through hierarchical forms of organization. It also offers some preliminary reflections on the nature, forms, and logic of governance failure. It addresses the state's increasing role in meta-governance, that is, in managing the respective roles of these different modes of co-ordination.

In the article, the author presents a sociological perspective in the study of international relations. The study of international relations is by definition an interdisciplinary one but it often leads one to confront with arguments for interdisciplinary co-operation in the study of international relations, arguments which are not always accompanied by a more detailed discussion of the role which various disciplines do or can play, of their limitations and advantages as well as of their mutual interdependence. It is an underlying assumption of this paper that perspectives of fruitful interdisciplinary co-operation in the study of international relations call for a clear definition of the place various social sciences occupy in this field and particularly of the specificity of approaches which distinguishes them from other disciplines concerned with the same object. As a political sociologist, the author approaches the problem from the point of view of his discipline. However, there is no assumption that the sociological approach is the only or the best one to the study of international relations. Contrary to certain recent publications in the so-called sociology of international relations, he prefers to consider the sociological approach more as a methodology in the study of international relations than as a contributing discipline. Whether there is a place for a sociology of international relations, seems to me much less important than whether a sociological approach can give new insights into the problem under study. In the article he defines how sociological theory can contribute to the study of international relations and not the technical questions of research methodology.

The article presents a comparison of scientific communication behavior of social and physical scientists. In studying nine disciplines over the past three years, authors have discovered that the communication process does differ among disciplines. In this article, they focuses on differences between the physical and the social sciences, in terms of three major communication characteristics associated with information dissemination and assimilation, lags in the information flow process, organization and effectiveness of informal networks, and the transfer of information from the informal to the formal domain. It has been the intention of this paper to demonstrate, by way of contrasting the physical and the social sciences, that although there are striking similarities in the communication processes and practices of various disciplines, there are also some major differences among them which are important.

The article presents a list of international conferences related to sociology to be held between years 1968 and 1972, published in the August 1, 1968 issue of the journal "International Social Science Journal." The list consists of topic, address and time of these conferences. "International Union of Psychological Sciences: Twelfth Meeting of the French-speaking Association," will be held at Geneva, Switzerland between October 1 and 3, 1968. "International Council for Scientific Management, Indo-Pacific Council: Third Regional Conference," to be held at Hong Kong, China between October 2 and 5, 1968. "University of Michigan: International Meeting on the Problems of World Population," will be held at Ann Arbor, Michigan between November 15 and 18, 1968. "International Labor Organization: Second European Regional Conference," will be held at Geneva, Switzerland between December 2 and 14, 1968.

The article comments on the development of the social sciences in Poland. The organization of periodicals is always linked with the structure of scientific institutions. This also holds true in Poland, and it is therefore useful to sketch the organization structure of the social sciences in order to understand the functioning of periodicals in scientific life. Polish scientific institutions are set up in several departments. The divisions among different institutions and organizational sections shape the character and functions of social science periodicals in Poland. The periodicals published by the universities and the Polish Academy of Sciences are of an academic character, i.e., they deal with theoretical studies, information on the advancement of science, methodological problems, etc. Periodicals issued by ministerial institutes which are subordinate to central institutions deal rather with practical problems, applied research in economics, sociology, psychology, social politics and the like. In turn the periodicals of scientific associations deal more with regional problems. This division is not entirely strict, for a number of periodicals devote part of their space to theoretical problems, a part to practical problems and a part to local matters.

The article focuses on some neglected areas of mass communication and the social sciences. The study of mass communication is increasingly being dominated by the social sciences. The present paper is an attempt to outline two neglected areas which may be held to be of particular importance. The first one deals with the atomistic conception of audiences and the resulting lack of differentiation between types of research unit. The second one is concerned with the preponderance of American studies and the attendant neglect of European theorizing. Mass communication research has to a large extent become characterized by an implicit conception of communication audiences as atomistic. First, in actual practice the social science approach to mass communication is primarily the approach of differential psychology. Secondly, mass communication research and especially audience research has become imbedded in market research. Thirdly, mass communication research coincides to a great extent with opinion research. Fourthly, the data-gathering techniques and the facility of differentiation which they offer play a very important part too. All this leads to an implicit conception of the communication audience as atomistic, as consisting of disparate and independent individuals.

The article announces the international contest entitled "The Social and Political Thought of Luigi Sturzo" by the Luigi Sturzo Institute in Rome. A sum of four million Italian lire will be awarded to the best paper and it will be published in a journal. Interested students of any nationality may compete and submit their works written either in Italian, English, French or German. The submitted piece must bear the author's identification or pseudonym on the title page and must be sealed in an envelope containing its full name and address. All entries must reach the secretariat office in five typewritten copies not later than June 30, 1969.

The article presents abstracts on social science topics such as political anthropology as an academic discipline, cultural pluralism in Mexico, and the collective memory of civil war in Lebanon.

References for articles published in the September 2, 2008 issue of "International Social Science Journal," are presented.

The article presents abstracts of articles related to social sciences. They include "Confronting the HIV/AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa: policy versus practice," "Highly active anti-retroviral treatment as a bridge towards education for all in sub-Saharan Africa," "Government lead, social support, and mutual help among patients: A new social care model for HIV/AIDS patients in Shuizhou, China," and "A human rights approach to protecting people living with HIV/ AIDS in Angola," and "HIV/AIDS interventions in low prevalence countries: a case study of Albania."

The article presents abstracts of social sciences. They include “Economic behaviour and the norms of capitalism," "Probing the moralization of capitalism problem: democratic experimentalism and the co-evolution of norms," "The ethics of competition," "The morality of belief in the profits of virtue," and "Capitalism and ethics: how conflicts-of-interest-legislation can be used to handle moral dilemmas in the economy."

Gender-based violence, especially sexual violence, has become a weapon of warfare and one of the defining characteristics of contemporary armed conflict. This paper focuses on women's protection in armed conflict and their centrality to conflict resolution and peace building. The experiences of women and girls in war and conflict situations are described. Constraints women face in participating in post-conflict peace building are also analysed. The role of the United Nations in engendering peace through Security Council Resolution 1325 is analyzed as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information about 87th newsletter of International Social Science Council (ISSC). Following the First Consultative Meeting held in London in April, 1999, a Second Meeting was held in Phitsanoluk, Thailand on November 19-20, 1999 in conjunction with the 86th Session of the Executive Council. In recent years there has been growing expectations evolve, among scientists, political decision makers and in the public at large, concerning the role and resourceful contributions of social and behavioural scientists vis-a-vis major developments and societal changes. The ISSC Executive Committee met in Phitsanulok, Thailand, on November 20-23, 1999 immediately following the conference organised by the International Federation of Social Science Organisations (IFSSO), a Member Association of ISSC. Local organisation was handled by Kanchana Ngourungsi, Vice-Rector of the Naresuan University and currently serving as Secretary-General of IFSSO. She recently held 30th General Conference of UNESCO adopted a work plan and a budget for the next two-year term.

The article presents information on confusion over various terms in social sciences. Several years ago the author participated in an interdisciplinary panel on "development," at an international sociological congress. Some persuasive and sharply analytic papers were presented, but very little meeting of minds took place simply because the participants had different things in mind when they talked about development. In that context it did little good to explain the fact that development is a polyseme and hence communication between the panelists could be achieved only after people had learned which sense of this word was intended by each scholar using it. Moreover, the effort to prescribe a correct meaning of development led only to contention and disagreement, not cumulation of knowledge or enhanced understanding. The meanings of word "nation" also vary with the disciplines. Political scientists usually have something like the state in mind and they may use the compound, "nation-state," to help remove the ambiguities in both words. By contrast, anthropologists and sociologists are more likely to use "nation" in an ethnic sense, applying it to communities that share a sense of common ancestry and make political claims, typically for control of a single state. In this sense it is not the French "state" that builds the French nation, but rather the French nation that created the state.

The article focuses on fluctuations in the development of evaluation research. In recent years the interest that political actors have shown in social science analyses of policies has been decreasing significantly in several countries. This decline of political interest in policy research appeared to be related to an erosion of consensus among the political majorities in these countries on the issue of creating and maintaining the welfare state, which was based on policy interventions in a large number of policy fields. In this context the subject of the present paper is whether and how the development of evaluation research is related to policy shifts, particularly to "regime shifts", by which is meant the change in the political party dominance and ideological complexion of the central or federal government. Evaluation research is understood to be that sub-discipline of policy research in which social science methodology is employed for assessing the effects of public policies and programmes designed to identify the causal relations between policy and programme elements on the one hand and their intended as well as unintended consequences on the other. It can be argued that evaluation research became a "functional requisite" in the state's endeavour to remain capable of ensuring the viability of the socio-economic system in advanced capitalist society. After the 2nd World War a crucial stage was reached in which the development of adequate analytical and informational capacities became necessary for the state apparatus, which increasingly intervened in economic and social processes to cope with ever more complex steering tasks. Evaluation research may be seen as an instrument needed to fulfil these analytical and informational needs.

The article presents information on contributions of the behavioural sciences to the study of violence. By December 1975, the "Peace Research Abstracts Journal," had issued some 106,000 abstracts (29,000 pages) of articles published since August 6, 1945 on the theme of peace and war and thus indirectly on the causes of violence. This article represents a sampling of the abstracts published in Volume IX of the Journal, made under twenty-seven of the approximately five hundred codes into which the abstracts are classified. Theories regarding the causes of violence of earlier thinkers such as Adam Smith or Karl Marx are being re-examined in the light of information provided by the behavioural sciences in the twentieth century. It is suggested, for example, that the way in which children are reared may predispose them towards committing violence, the discipline which adults remember undergoing in their childhood may correlate with their reactions to militarism, conservatism, xenophobia, authoritarianism and other social attitudes and lead them, as adults, to help remould social structures accordingly. Most of the papers just quoted tend to regard part of the truth as the whole truth and hence to advocate one solution to the problem of violence.

The article presents a list of periodicals received by the Social Science Documentation Center of UNESCO, published in the February 1, 1974 issue of "International Social Science Journal." The first volume of "Affari Sociali Internazionali," is edited by Antonio Lombardo and is published quarterly by Franco Angeli Editore. The main interest of this journal is to bring to open Italy's social problems like internal and external emigration, seen from its historic aspect and from the viewpoint of an international perspective. "African Research and Documentation," is edited by Marion Johnson. It is the Journal of the African Studies Association of the United Kingdom and the Standing Commission on Library Materials on Africa. The first volume of "Asia Research Bulletin," is edited by John Drysdale and is published monthly by the Asia Research Ltd. The Bulletin offers systematic coverage of all important political, economic and social developments in East and South-East Asia." The first volume of "Women's Studies," is edited by Wendy Martin. It is a semi-annual publication providing a forum for studies on women in the fields of sociology, law, political sciences, economics, arts and sciences. It also publishes poetry, short fiction, film and book reviews.

The article presents a list of books related to social sciences published in the February 1, 1974 issue of the "International Social Science Journal." "Prophets and Patrons: the French University and the Emergence of the Social Sciences," is written by Terry Nicholas Clark. "Phenomenology and the Social Sciences," is written Maurice Natanson. "Urbanization, Planning, and National Development," is written by John Friedmann."Population and Land in World Agriculture: Recent Trends and Relationships," is written by Joginder Kumar. "Training for the Future and After: a Selected Annotated Bibliography," is written by Barrie O. Pettman. "Administration, the World and the Science," is written by Andrew Dunsire. "Management Research: a Cross Cultural Perspective," is written by Desmond Graves. "Legal Problems of Socialist Public Administrative Management," is written by Lajos Szamel. "Organization, Conflict, and Innovation," is written by Carl-Axel Gemzell. "Main Trends in the Science of Language," is written by Roman Jakobson.

The article presents documents and publications of the United Nations and Specialized Agencies that appeared in the 1971 issue of the periodical "International Social Science Journal." On the issue of population, Economic Commission for Africa, presents population trends in African countries, in the Report of the Working Group on Fertility Studies and Evaluation of Population Programmes, at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from January 26-30, 1970. "World Health Statistics Report" vol. 23, also presents health related issues. "Report of the Second World Food Congress," vol. 1, presents population forecasts, probable economic growth, development of food production and forms of consumption. "Production Year Book, 1969," vol. 23, reports on annual statistical data on all important aspects of food and agriculture. Labor conditions, employment, professional relations is highlighted in "Bibliography on Women Workers: 1861-1965."