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In this paper, Cerasus humilis introduced from Jilin Province was cultivated in Yichun area of Xiaoxing’an Mountains. By analyzing leaf surface characteristics, the phenotypic diversity of Cerasus humilis in alpine regions was discussed, which provided technical support for the optimization and improvement of berry varieties in cold region and their development and utilization. The experimental sample plots were established by two designs of land cultivation and plastic greenhouse cultivation respectively. The leaf area, genetic variation coefficient and dry matter content of the leaves were analyzed by combining with the data of leaf length, leaf width and leaf area. Results showed that: the variation range of phenotypic traits of leaves ranged from 21.87% to 34.44%, and all strains showed abundant genetic variation characteristics, which was directly related to the differences of environmental factors. Different strains showed different degree of genetic activity under different site conditions, and the most obvious one was No. 4. After the introduction into Yichun area, the differences of genetic richness between different strains of Cerasus humilis did exist and the differences in the phenotypic characteristics were all from environmental factors. The similarity of genetic activity among the strains also proved that the genetic characters in the Cerasus humilis strains were relatively stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]