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Numerous reflections and white papers were produced about "new" artificial intelligence (AI) systems but with little empirical data about their usefulness and consequences in the context of professional activities. Drawing on the perspective of stakeholders, the objective of this paper is to provide empirical data about the potential benefits and risks of AI in work situations and the transformations they can bring about. This exploratory study is based on a qualitative methodology combining 15 semi-directive interviews and open observations conducted during discussion lectures and workshops on AI. If the first results show that the majority of participants consider AI as a tool to help humans, they also highlight a gap between the AI functionality proposed or imagined by designers and the participants' real needs. They also express some fears that echo the problems of automation wellstudied in the field of ergonomics. These results invite us to reflect on how the ergonomic approach can investigate these questions about the place of AI in work situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the HFO specialists' point of view in the field of nuclear safety related to emergency operation and crisis management. It highlights the utility of simulation in two different contexts: the design of a future control room and organizational changes for crisis management. Paper concludes of how simulation paves the way for new forms of training for crisis management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a reflexive feedback on the benefits of an immersive virtual reality simulation tool at two stages of a design process: the joint design of workplace scenarios with expert operators and the design-validation steps with operational managerial staff. The reflection is based on two interventions aiming at designing ergonomic workplaces. During the joint design stage of workplaces scenarios, a double movement both individual and collective was found, contributing to a better dynamic projection in their future working environment by the operators. In the joint design-validation stage, the tool improve the mutual understanding and argumentation between the various stakeholders to more quickly results in robust trade-offs which may have been tested in real time. Methodological precautions to be taken are then discussed. We conclude on the opportunities to extend the application scope of the simulation tool in the service of designing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research, applies crossed methods of design and ergonomics. Following recommendations of climate experts and recent changes in the French legislative framework about energy transition, we suggest a design approach to accompany user-involvement in the energy transition. As an activitycentered design perspective, we have executed a participative simulation workshop for collective projection in a given environment, where neighbors could share renewable energy locally produced. This paper present the methodology implemented, the results obtained from the study, and some leads in a perspective of designing services and solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this proposed paper is to make visible for ergonomics practitioners and actors in charge of project construction, the different challenges, methods and results of a three-year intervention co-piloted by many actors from different backgrounds. This ergonomics intervention is part of the development of a master plan for a French railway company. We focus here more precisely on the process design to be implemented in a building under construction. The different methodologies practiced, specifically the strong mobilization of activity simulation methods, the roles and positioning of each will be discussed. We made a point on the impacts of the practice of ergonomics from the point of view of the union actors and decision-makers of this project. Centered on the issue of centralizing the interventions, we will see how and what some objectives have been achieved with this problematic of co-intervention, notably on social construction in this company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an MSD (musculoskeletal disorders) prevention approach, a company undertook to automate an activity in which the equipment was deemed harmful for the upper limbs. The company asked for some ergonomists to consult on the ongoing project. The analysis of activity performed by the ergonomists revealed that many parameters have not been taken into account in the initial plan. Also they would have had some impact on joint and muscle loads, as well as on manufacturing processes and work organization. We suggested, as the company needs to rethink the project, to assist them in drawing up operational specifications to the new machine. A participatory approach was set up and allowed to define the needs related to the future machine. The analysis of activity was a powerful tool for thinking through the project again. The aim of this paper is to present how the ergonomists' analysis of activity led the executive board to redefine the project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes to understand how the design and the implementation of a new risked activity in the polar environment were built: an activity on the ice pack imagined and led by a single designer. Elicitation and self-confrontation interviews were conducted with the designer based on traces of the activity and were analysed. The results show the role played by a variety of experiences and traces of activities in the design of the creative activity, as well as the development of a new experience, that of driving in thrust, thanks to the conception of this new activity. The place of the experiments, the construction of traces of the activity and the incorporation of the security in the design and the implementation are discussed, to finally open on the question of development and formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper concerns a SIM2B (SIMulate To Be) multidisciplinary research project which aims to create an innovative serious game focused on change management in professional environments, which includes artificial intelligence (AI). It must favor professional skill development in a transformation context. The goal is to present some results from this research. It is the contribution of the retrospective simulation of activity for the development of the serious game and especially, the use tests conduced on the first version of the serious game in order to measure the quality of the scenarios and the user experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Now, ergonomists are increasingly requested by applications whose purpose is the organization of work. This object renewed for ergonomists involves theoretical as well as methodological issues in the community. It is then a question of unifying practices and theoretical references for ergonomists contribute to the genesis of a work organization. This paper proposes and feed the discussions by providing an analysis of the activity in the meetings of organizational design through the study of arguments made by different designers. One objective of this paper is to establish a methodology for the analysis. That is why, after having defined the concepts of work organization and design, we present methods that can meet our expectations so ultimately implement a methodology conclusive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Restructuring a building in occupied site means to manage in the same space-time: production continuity and various transformations. To combine these projects, it is necessary to anticipate the "transient organization". Though, few researches have been leading in this regard. What is a "transient organization", which characteristics, and design modalities? This paper aims to shed the light on these questions from literature and experience in a retirement home. In a constructivist approach, the transient organization is set as a spatiotemporal combining between existing, future, temporary, and sustainable component. This work would depend on strategic capability of anticipation, coordination of transient resources, and reflexive experiment. These strategies should help to limit construction work impacts on activity and facilitate the transition to future organization and building. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the analysis of a collective process dedicated to the design of procedures in an industrial context. We mobilize a modeling tool that allows synthesizing the global organizational structure of the socio-technical process and interpreting the individual roles played by the participants in this process. In practice, the model is based on the translation of the general procedure in the company defining procedures design process. The model we propose is a translation of actions of this process into nodes and links defining a graph. The results show how this modeling principle is a powerful instrument for analysis of the process. The different entities in the process are made clear. Their relations in the strings of actions composing the process are made explicit. Their structural positions are established based on a validated algorithmic methodology. Based on these results, we conclude on possible perspectives of this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]