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AbstractA subgroup X of a group G is called pronormal if X and Xg are conjugate in 〈X,Xg〉 for each element g of G. Pronormal subgroups play a relevant role in many problems of group theory; for instance, they arise naturally in the study of groups in which normality is a transitive relation, because a subgroup is normal if and only if it is subnormal and pronormal. Groups with only pronormal subgroups have been described by Kuzennyĭ and Subbotin (at least in the locally graded case) and the aim of this paper is to investigate the structure of uncountable locally graded groups of cardinality ℵ in which all subgroups of cardinality ℵ are pronormal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractLeibniz algebras are certain generalizations of Lie algebras. Motivated by the concept of subinvariance and ascendancy in group theory, Schenkman studied properties of subinvariant subalgebras of a Lie algebra. Kawamoto studied ascendency in Lie algebras. In this paper we define subinvariance and asendency in Leibniz algebras and study their properties. It is shown that the signature results on subinvariance and ascendency in Lie algebras have analogs for Leibniz algebras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractWe define, and denote by anz(G), the average number of zeros of characters of a finite group G as the number of zeros in the character table of G dividing the number of irreducible characters of G. In this paper, we classify odd-order nonabelian groups G with anz(G)≤2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe conjugacy relation is an important tool in the study of group theory and now has been generalized to semigroups in several methods. In particular, the p-conjugacy, o-conjugacy, c-conjugacy, i-conjugacy, n-conjugacy and r-conjugacy in semigroups are introduced and investigated extensively and some problems related to these conjugacy relations are proposed. The aim of this paper is to continue the study of conjugacy relations in semigroups around some of these problems. We first point out that p-conjugacy in a semigroup that is embeddable in a group, is not necessarily transitive. Then we obtain a simple sufficient condition under which the o-conjugacy is the universal relation and prove that this condition is also necessary in some natural classes of semigroups. Finally, we explore some properties of r-conjugacy in restriction semigroups, which extends some results on i-conjugacy in inverse semigroups. Our results have answered or partially answered some problems raised by Araújo, Kinyon, Konieczny and Malheiro in [Proc.Roy.Soc.Edinburgh Sect.A 147, 1169–1214, 2017] and [J.Algebra 533, 142–173, 2019]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given a construction f on groups, we say that a group G is f -realisable if there is a group H such that G ≅ f (H) , and completely f-realisable if there is a group H such that G ≅ f (H) and every subgroup of G is isomorphic to f (H 1) for some subgroup H 1 of H and vice versa. Denote by L (G) the absolute center of a group G, that is the set of elements of G fixed by all automorphisms of G. By using the structure of the automorphism group of a ZM-group, in this paper we prove that cyclic groups C N , N ∈ N * , are completely L-realisable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let G be a classical group of dimension d and let a = (a 1 , ... , a d) be differential indeterminates over a differential field F of characteristic zero with algebraically closed field of constants C. Further let A (a) be a generic element in the Lie algebra g (F 〈 a 〉) of G obtained from parametrizing a basis of g with the indeterminates a. It is known (cf. [5]) that the differential Galois group of y ′ = A (a) y over F 〈 a 〉 is G (C) . In this paper we construct a differential field extension L of F 〈 a 〉 such that the field of constants of L is C, the differential Galois group of y ′ = A (a) y over L is still the full group G (C) and A (a) is gauge equivalent over L to a matrix in normal form which we introduced in [13]. We also consider specializations of the coefficients of A (a) . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, all supercharacter theories of dicyclic groups T 4 n are described. These supercharacter theories are constructed by using the supercharacter theories of dihedral groups of order 4n which are classified by Lamar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a new contribution to the partial Galois theory of groups. First, given a unital partial action αG of a finite group G on an algebra S such that S is an α G -partial Galois extension of S α G and a normal subgroup H of G, we prove that α G induces a unital partial action α G / H of G/H on the subalgebra of invariants S α H of S such that S α H is an α G / H -partial Galois extension of S α G . Second, assuming that G is abelian, we construct a commutative inverse semigroup T par (G , R) , whose elements are equivalence classes of α G -partial abelian extensions of a commutative algebra R. We also prove that there exists a group isomorphism between T par (G , R) / ρ and T(G, A), where ρ is a congruence on T par (G , R) and T(G, A) is the classical Harrison group of the G-isomorphism classes of the abelian extensions of a commutative algebra A. It is shown that the study of T par (G , R) reduces to the case where G is cyclic. The set of idempotents of T par (G , R) is also investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let SVir be the well-known super-Virasoro algebras. In this paper, we first prove that any super-skewsymmetric super-biderivation of SVir is inner. Based on this, we show that every linear super-commuting map ψ on SVir is of the form ψ(x) = f(x)c, wherefis a linear function from SVir to ℂ mapping the odd part of SVir to zero, andcis the central charge of SVir. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper, we shall give a refinement of the geometric realization of Lusztig’s algebra f given by Lusztig. This realization gives a geometric interpretation of the decomposition of f. As an application, we shall give geometric realizations of Lusztig’s symmetries on the whole quantum group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper and a sequel, we study a group which is the quotient of a free product of groups by the normal closure of a single word that is contained in a subgroup which has the form of a free product of two cyclic groups. We use known properties of generalized triangle groups, together with detailed analysis of pictures and of words in free monoids, to prove a number of results such as a Freiheitssatz and the existence of Mayer-Vietoris sequences for such groups under suitable hypotheses. The results generalize those in an earlier article of the second author and Shwartz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let ℨ be a complete set of Sylow subgroups of a finite group G, that is, a set composed of a Sylow p-subgroup of G for each p dividing the order of G. A subgroup H of G is called ℨ-S-semipermutable if H permutes with every Sylow p-subgroup of G in ℨ for all p∉π(H); H is said to be ℨ-S-seminormal if it is normalized by every Sylow p-subgroup of G in ℨ for all p∉π(H). The main aim of this paper is to characterize the ℨ-MS-groups, or groups G in which the maximal subgroups of every Sylow subgroup in ℨ are ℨ-S-semipermutable in G and the ℨ-MSN-groups, or groups in which the maximal subgroups of every Sylow subgroup in ℨ are ℨ-S-seminormal in G. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A conjugacy class C of a finite group G is a sign conjugacy class if every irreducible character of G takes value 0,1 or −1 on C. In this paper, we classify the sign conjugacy classes of alternating groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is known that normal affine semigroup rings are of finite F-representation type. In this paper, we prove that non-normal affine semigroup rings are also of finite F-representation type. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper, we consider the orderm k-automorphisms ofSL(2,k). We first characterize the forms that orderm k-automorphisms ofSL(2,k) take and then we find simple conditions on matricesAandB, involving eigenvalues and the field that the entries ofAandBlie in, that are equivalent to isomorphy between the orderm k-automorphismsInnAandInnB. We examine the number of isomorphy classes and conclude with examples for selected fields. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A group G is called mixed identity-free if for every n ∈ ℕ and every w ∈ G ∗ F n , there exists a homomorphism φ : G ∗ F n → G such that φ is the identity on G and φ (w) is nontrivial. In this paper, we make a modification to the construction of elementary amenable lacunary hyperbolic groups provided by Ol'shanskii et al. to produce finitely generated elementary amenable groups which are mixed identity-free. As a byproduct of this construction, we also obtain locally finite p-groups which are mixed identity-free. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given a finite groupG, we denote byΔ(G) the commuting graph ofGwhich is defined as follows: the vertex set isGand two distinct verticesxandyare joined by an edge if and only ifxy = yx. Clearly,Δ(G) is always connected for any groupG. We denote byκ(G) the number of spanning trees ofΔ(G). In the present paper, among other results, we first obtain the valueκ(G) for some specific groupsG, such as Frobenius groups, Dihedral groups, AC-groups, etc. Next, we characterize the alternating groupA5, in the class of nonsolvable groups through its tree-numberκ(A5). Finally, we classify the finite groups for which the power graph and the commuting graph coincide. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The notion of a quantum family of maps has been introduced in the framework ofC -algebras. As in the classical case, one may consider a quantum family of maps preserving additional structures (e.g. quantum family of maps preserving a state). In this paper, we define a quantum family of homomorphisms of locally compact quantum groups. Roughly speaking, we show that such a family is classical. The purely algebraic counterpart of the discussed notion, i.e. a quantum family of homomorphisms of Hopf algebras, is introduced and the algebraic counterpart of the aforementioned result is proved. Moreover, we show that a quantum family of homomorphisms of Hopf algebras is consistent with the counits and coinverses of the given Hopf algebras. We compare our concept withweak coactionsintroduced by Andruskiewitsch and we apply it to the analysis of adjoint coaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides the first steps in classifying the finite solvable groups having Property A, which is a property involving abelian normal subgroups. We see that this classification is reduced to classifying the solvableChermak–Delgado simple groups, which the author defines. The notion of “Chermak–Delgado simple,” or “CD-simple” for short, is a generalization of simple groups through the Chermak–Delgado lattice. The author completes a classification of Chermak–Delgado simple groups under certain restrictions on the primes involved in the group order. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

LetSbe a semigroup and 𝔽 be a field. For an idealJof the semigroup algebra 𝔽[S] ofSover 𝔽, let ϱJdenote the restriction (toS) of the congruence on 𝔽[S] defined by the idealJ. A semigroupSis called a permutable semigroup if α ○ β = β ○ α is satisfied for all congruences α and β ofS. In this paper we show that ifSis a semilattice or a rectangular band then φ{S; 𝔽}: J → ϱJis a homomorphism of the semigroup (Con(𝔽[S]); ○ ) into the relation semigroup (ℬS; ○ ) if and only ifSis a permutable semigroup. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In [Tărnăuceanu, M. (2015). Finite groups with a certain number of cyclic subgroups. Amer. Math. Monthly. 122:275–276], Tărnăuceanu described the finite groups G having exactly cyclic subgroups. In [Belshoff, R., Dillstrom, J., Reid, L. Finite groups with a prescribed number of cyclic subgroups. To appear in Communications in Algebra], the authors used elementary methods to completely characterize those finite groups G having exactly cyclic subgroups for Δ = 2, 3, 4 and 5. In this paper, we prove that for any Δ > 0 if G has exactly cyclic subgroups, then and therefore the number of such G is finite. We then use the computer program GAP to find all G with exactly cyclic subgroups for. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kaplansky Zero Divisor Conjecture states that if G is a torsion-free group and is a field, then the group ring contains no zero divisor and Kaplansky Unit Conjecture states that if G is a torsion-free group and is a field, then contains no non-trivial units. The support of an element in , denoted by , is the set . In this paper, we study possible zero divisors and units with supports of size 4 in group algebras of torsion-free groups. We prove that if α, β are non-zero elements in for a possible torsion-free group G and an arbitrary field such that and , then . In [J. Group Theory, 16 no. 5, 667-693], it is proved that if is the field with two elements, G is a torsion-free group and such that and , then . We improve the latter result to . Also, concerning the Unit Conjecture, we prove that if for some and , then . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the structure theory of a class of not-finitely graded Lie algebras related to generalized Virasoro algebras. In particular, the derivation algebras, the automorphism groups and the second cohomology groups of these Lie algebras are determined. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Let ℋ = ℋℂ, −1(𝔖n) be the Hecke algebra of the symmetric group 𝔖n. For partitions λ and ν with ν 2 − regular, define the Specht moduleS(λ) and the irreducible moduleD(ν). Definedλν = [S(λ):D(ν)] to be the composition multiplicity ofD(ν) inS(λ). In this paper we compute the decomposition numbersdλνfor all partitions of the form λ = (a,c, 1b) and ν 2 − regular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Shi arrangement is an affine arrangement of hyperplanes consisting of the hyperplanes of the Weyl arrangement and their parallel translations. It was introduced by J.-Y. Shi in the study of the Kazhdan–Lusztig representation of the affine Weyl groups. M. Yoshinaga showed that the cone over every Shi arrangement is free. In this paper, we construct an explicit basis for the derivation module of the cone over the Shi arrangements of the typeBℓorCℓ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduce the definition of generalized H-Hom–Lie algebras (i.e., Hom-Lie algebras in the Yetter–Drinfeld category) for any Hopf algebra H, and obtain generalized H-Hom-Lie algebras from H-Hom-associative algebras (i.e., Hom-associative algebras in) and generalizedH-Lie algebras (i.e., Lie algebras in), respectively. We show that if A is a sum of two H-commutative Hom-associative subalgebras, then the H-commutator Hom-ideal of A is nilpotent. Finally, we describe the H-Hom-Lie ideal structures of the H-Hom-associative algebras by analogy with that of H-algebras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LetKbe an associative and commutative ring with 1,ka subring ofKsuch that 1 ∈ k,Kis an integral finitely generated extension ofk, the element 2 invertible ink, andkis semilocal. The paper studies subgroups of the general linear groupGLn(K) withn ≥ 2 containing the special linear groupSLn(k). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we construct derived equivalences between two subrings of relevant Φ-Yoneda rings from an arbitrary short exact sequence in an abelian category. As a consequence, any short exact sequence in an abelian category gives rise to a derived equivalence between two subrings of endomorphism rings. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper, the structure of locally finite groups of infinite rank whose subgroups of infinite rank are permutable in a subgroup of finite index is investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A group is called (PF)L if the subgroups generated by its elements having same order (finite or infinite) are polycyclic-by-finite. In the present paper we prove that a group is locally graded minimal non-((PF)L∪(픓픉)프) if, and only if, it is non-perfect minimal non-FC, where (픓픉)프 denotes the class of (polycyclic-by-finite)-by-abelian groups. We prove also that a group of infinite rank whose proper subgroups of infinite rank are in ((PF)L∪(픓픉)프) is itself in ((PF)L∪(픓픉)프) provided that it is locally (soluble-by-finite) without simple homomorphic images of infinite rank. Our last result concerns groups that satisfy the minimal condition on non-((PF)L∪(픓픉)프)-subgroups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LetHbe a finite group,n≥3, andqbe a prime power such thatq−1 divides neithernnorn−1. Denote byX1(H) the first column of the ordinary character table ofH. LetGbe a finite group such that. In this paper, we will show that if, thenH≅G. As a consequence, we show that the almost simple groupsGare uniquely determined by the structure of their complex group algebras. This extends a result of Tong-Viet [30] to a family of almost simple groups of Lie type of arbitrary rank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An automorphismαof a groupGis called aweakly power automorphismif it maps every non-periodic subgroup ofGonto itself. The aim of this paper is to investigate the behavior of weakly power automorphisms. In particular, among other results, it is proved that all weakly power automorphisms of a soluble non-periodic groupGof derived length at most 3 are power automorphisms, i.e. they fix all subgroups ofG. This result is best possible, as there exists a soluble non-periodic group of derived length 4 admitting a weakly power automorphism, which is not a power automorphism. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

LetGbe a finite group andnbe a positive integer. Ann-minimal subgroupHofGis called to be exactlyn-minimal if no proper subgroup ofHisn-minimal. In this paper, we study the solvability ofGunder the assumption that all exactlyn-minimal subgroups ofGareS-permutable. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

LetRbe a commutative Noetherian ring,𝔞an ideal ofR,Ma finiteR–module with finite projective dimension, andXan arbitraryR–module. In this paper, for fixed integerss,tand an arbitraryR–moduleN, we study the membership ofin Serre subcategories of the category ofR–modules. We present some upper bounds for the flat dimension and the Betti numbers of. We also give some results on cofiniteness, finiteness, vanishing, and Artinianness of generalized local cohomology modules. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper we define a left order, right order and order of an element in a hypergroup, which has a left scalar identity, right scalar identity and scalar identity, respectively. Using left and right orders, we define and investigate some classes of subhypergroups, especiallyp-Sylow subhypergroups of a hypergroup. Moreover, some examples have been proposed to show that the Sylow theorems do not hold for polygroups. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Let (R,𝔪) be a local ring andIan ideal. The aim of the present paper is twofold. At first we continue the investigation to comparefgrade(I,R) withdepth R∕Iand further we derive some results on the vanishing of Lyubeznik numbers. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

There is a necessary and sufficient condition (dating back to Burnside) on the character table of a finite groupGfor an element to be a commutator, which isIn this paper, consideration will be given to this statement if it is applied to the case of projective characters and show that the corresponding sum becomes a sufficient, but not necessary, condition forgto be anα-regulated commutator, whereαis the underlying 2-cocycle ofG. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper we extend previous results regarding SL2(k) over any finite fieldkby investigating the structure of the symmetric spaces for the family of special linear groups SLn(k) for any integern>2. Specifically, we discuss the generalized and extended symmetric spaces of SLn(k) for all conjugacy classes of involutions over a finite field of odd or even characteristic. We characterize the structure of these spaces and provide an explicit difference set in cases where the two spaces are not equal. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A group in which all cyclic subgroups are 2-subnormal is called a 2-Baer group. The topic of this paper are generalized 2-Baer groups, i.e., groups in which the non-2-subnormal cyclic subgroups generate a proper subgroup of the group. If this subgroup is non-trivial, the group is called a generalizedT2-group. In particular, we provide structure results for such groups, investigate their nilpotency class, and construct examples of finitep-groups which are generalizedT2-groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LetKbe an algebraically closed field andΓa cyclic quiver. Xu and Wang investigated the Hochschild (co)homology groups ofKΓ∕I, whereIis an ideal ofKΓgenerated by one path. In this paper, in the case thatIis an ideal ofKΓgenerated by two paths, we give the module structure of the Hochschild (co)homology groups ofKΓ∕I. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let𝔉be a class of groups andGa finite group. A maximal subgroupMofGis called𝔉-abnormalprovidedG∕MG∉𝔉. LetK

Let, whereSnis the symmetric group onXnandPKn,ris the semigroup of partial mapssuch that |im(α)| ≤ rfor 1 ≤ r ≤ n − 1. In this paper, we find necessary and sufficient conditions for any subset ofPKn,rto be a (minimal) relative generating set of the subsemigroupPTn,rmoduloSn. Then, for each 1 ≤ r ≤ n − 1, we show that the smallest number of elements ofPKn,rwhich, together withSn, generatePTn,riswherepr(n − s) is the number of partitions ofn − swithrterms. We also consider, whereAnis the alternating group onXn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we define the concept of integral for an arbitrary group, and we try to answer this question: Which groups can be considered as a commutator subgroup? For instance, we will show that symmetric groupSnforn≥ 3, generalized quaternion groupforn≥ 4 and Dihedral groupDnforn≥ 3 cannot occur as commutator subgroup of any group. Moreover, we characterize all finite groups with the cyclic commutator subgroup isomorphic toor. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A formation 𝔉 of finite groups has the generalized Wielandt property for residuals, or 𝔉 is a GWP-formation, if the 𝔉-residual of a group generated by two 𝔉-subnormal subgroups is the subgroup generated by their 𝔉-residuals. The main aim of the paper is to determine some sufficient conditions for a finite group to split over its 𝔉-residual. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

LetGbe a finite group andea positive integer dividing |G|, the order ofG. The size of the setwas studied originally by G. Frobenius, in order to find restrictions on the structure ofG. Heineken and Russo [4] introducedas global breadth in the sense of Frobenius. In this paper, we investigate the groupsGwithB(G) = 4. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

LetSbe a finite orthodox semigroup or an orthodox semigroup where the idempotent bandE(S) is locally pseudofinite. In this paper, by using principal factors and Rukolaǐne idempotents, we show that the contracted semigroup algebraR0[S] is semiprimitive if and only ifSis an inverse semigroup andR[G] is semiprimitive for each maximal subgroupGofS. This theorem strengthens previous results about the semiprimitivity of inverse semigroup algebras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structure of locally finite groups with an involution whose centralizer has finite rank was described by Kuzucuolu and Shumyatsky. In this paper, we investigate the structure of locally finite groups with an element of order 3 whose centralizer has finite rank. Moreover, for anyp, we classify simple locally finite groups having an automorphism of orderpwhose set of fixed points has finite rank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A subgroupHof a finite groupGis calledc*-supplemented inGif there exists a subgroupKofGsuch thatG = HKandH∩KisS-quasinormally embedded inG. In this paper, we investigate the localc*-supplementation of maximal subgroups of some Sylowp-subgroup and present some sufficient and necessary conditions for a finite group to bep-nilpotent. As applications, we give some sufficient conditions for a finite group to be in a saturated formation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Letkbe a field of characteristic different from 2 andKa noncommutative divisionk-algebra of finite dimension overk. In the paper, subgroups of the general linear groupGL2(K) that contain a subgroup which is conjugate inGL2(K) to the group of matriceswithr ∈ kare described. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A groupGis said to be aB(n,k) group if for anyn-element subsetAofG, |A2| ≤k. In this paper, a characterization ofB(5, 18) groups is given. It is shown thatGis aB(5, 18) group if and only if one of the following statements holds: (1)Gis abelian; (2) |G| ≤18; (3)G ≅ ⟨ a,b | a5 = b4 = 1,ab = a−1 ⟩. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]