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This article points out that U.S. businesses operating in China will be at a competitive disadvantage with Japanese businesses. Japanese military occupation of Chinese cities, such as Shanghai, has enabled Japanese businesses to dominate the competition from foreign businesses such as the U.S.'s. U.S. businesses that are expected or have already posted losses are the Universal Leaf Tobacco Co., National City Bank of New York and American Express Co.

Focuses on competition faced by the computer software industry in the United States. Dominance of U.S. companies in the world software industry; Efforts of rivals of the U.S. software industry such as Japan, Germany, Canada and Singapore, to build up their own software capabilities; Discussion on visible signs of weakness in the U.S. computer software industry; Display of Japan's software prowess, evident in its quality exports. INSET: Eureka may be Europe's ticket to software sovereignty, by J.B....

The article focuses on the competition between U.S. and Japanese supercomputer industries, featuring the roles of Japan's Hitachi Ltd. and Fujitsu Ltd. It says that the companies have declared an all-out challenge to the U.S. as they will deliver supercomputers designed to outmatch those of U.S. in terms of speed by 1984 and plan to lead the industry by 1990. Experts insist that U.S. should maintain its lead, and the industry responded with research and development consortium and reorganization.

The article focuses on the threat posed by Singer Co. to Japan's domination of the U.S. sewing machine market. Companies like White Sewing Machine Corp. and Rockford Sewing Machine Co. have stopped domestic production and decided to import machines from Japan. The success of Japan in the U.S. market can be attributed to low prices and the introduction of the zig-zag machine. In response to the Japanese competition, Singer automated its plants and introduced new zig-zag models.

Presents information on U.S. Democratic presidential candidate Paul E. Tsongas. Comment on how his party needs to drop their business-bashing and class warfare; View of Tsongas on how the U.S. takes on economic superpowers Germany and Japan; Report that he wants the government to deal with a shortage of venture capital by stepping in and investing in promising technologies; Opinion of Republican strategist Kevin Phillips calls Tsongas, the last of the Atari Democrats, referring to a late 1970s breed who wanted more government-industry cooperation to meet global competition, particularly in high-tech industries.

The article reveals the scheduled conference in Washington which will open the debate on the revision of U.S. trade agreements with Czechoslovakia. It says that the meeting is significant because of the volume involved, the items that will be negotiated will affect domestic competition and because any benefits from the agreement will be extended to Japan, a tight U.S. competitor. It adds that Washington will be negotiating for lower duties on some Czchoslovakian exports and will increase import quotas on others.