Search

Published paper on modelling of propeller turbine blade and runner is not commonly found, especially those using Autodesk Inventor. One of them is titled CAD Modelling of Axial Turbine Blade using Autodesk Inventor. However, the road taken is quite complicated and should be repeated from the beginning whenever new geometrical characteristics of a new axial propeller turbine will be modelled. Currently, Autodesk Inventor has introduced the new tool that help sketching the spline lines either in 2D plane or 3D space simplifying the task of 3D modelling of propeller turbine blade, called Equation Curve. The Equation Curve tool requires the codes for creating the spline lines. To create the codes, two sources have been used: NACA report no. 460 and modelling methodology proposed by Milos in his paper. In NACA report no. 460, it is explained that NACA 4 Digit Series is created by combining mean line with the thickness variation curve of Gottingen 398 and Clark Y. This airfoil has 4 different lines with their own equation. The equations can be used for sketching in 2D plane. However, the solid model of the runner blade is formed from the airfoils in cylindrical surface. Then, as explained by Milos in his paper, the procedure is as follows: sketch the airfoil in 2D plane that is the tangent of cylindrical surface, move the airfoil to its center, rotate to its stagger angle, and project it to cylindrical surface. The result of this process will be the equations of lines in 3D space. Transform them to the Inventor codes. Input these codes to 3D Equation Curve tool to create the 4 lines for each cylindrical surface section of blade. Making the solid model of runner the following step is required: use loft command to create blade surfaces, use the stitch command to solidify, use the pattern command to create other blades, create hub, and lastly combine blades and hub. The solid model of the runner then is tested by simulating it using ANSYS Fluent. The hydraulic efficiency of the model is 85%.

Twin engines turboprop aircraft provides the most beneficial solution to meet the needs of short distance flight due to high fuel efficiency [1]. One of the emergency conditions which has to be considered for this type of the aircraft when one engine is out operating or one engine inoperative because it involves the safety of flight. Furthermore, a safe flight with one engine inoperative is regulated by FAR/CASR Part 25 and has to be complied during certification .Stability and control characteristics of a turboprop aircraft will change significantly if one engine inoperative condition occurs during cruise phase. The rudder and/or aileron deflections to counter the yawing and rolling moments due to the thrust of the operating engine must satisfy. Recognizing the importance of that consideration, this research will estimate the stability and control characteristics of lateral/directional in one engine inoperative condition on new turboprop 80-pax aircraft design concept.This paper presents procedures for estimating the lateral/directional static stability characteristics of a 80-pax turboprop aircraft during the conceptual design phase. The size of the rudder and aileron have to be iterated to fullfil the requirements at a condition when one engine is not operative. The rudder and the aileron deflections are estimated as functions of airspeed, roll angle, side slip angle and thrust setting. It will be shown in this paper that the required rudder deflection as well as aileron deflection can satisfy to balance the forces and moments due to asymmetrical thrust condition and the minimum control speed of the aircraft can be maintained as well.

The present paper proves the feasibility of a semi-automatic control system of high frequency ultrasound for welded plastic pipes, by ultrasonic methods. The paper presents the main existing types of plastic materials, the technological joining possibilities, the problems that may occur in welding and control and the reasoning of the chosen examination method. The theoretical size of the reference ultrasonic parameters for the propagation of ultrasounds through the flawless juncture. The samples were welded using electro fusion (EF) under different working conditions. The samples were assessed circumferentially, every 10 degrees, on different working frequencies. A semi-automatic control system was designed and developed. For the optimal working frequency, a set of 10 measurements was done, in similar working conditions, on the automatic control stand, in order to test the systems’ capability and the results’ repeatability. The measured values were compared with the limits considered to be admissible using Shewhart statistic control charts.

The present paper highlights the ultrasonic methods that can be used to detect the problems that can occur in special braze cladding. For this purpose, the sample production technology is described and the nonconformities that can arise during welding have been reviewed. The main nondestructive testing techniques are briefly presented motivating the chosen method for this study. Further, in the paper, the experimental procedure, materials and equipment used for welding are detailed. In the end, a comparison has been made between various parameters resulted from the nondestructive ultrasonic investigation. A validation for the presented method has been made through destructive examination by electron microscopy.

Stirling engine is a device that produces mechanical energy using heat from any source of energy, without the need of combustion of any fuel inside the device. Renewable energy sources, which are mostly low-temperature energy sources, can be used to produce mechanical and electrical energy in Stirling engines. The paper presents an overview of the existing prototype Stirling engines designed for using of low-temperature energy sources, including renewable energy sources. Commercial devices for electric power generation offered for use in home, usually do not exceed 1 kW. Using the Schmidt model, the analyze of influence of temperature working fluid in the expansion space (heater) on the efficiency and the electric power generated in the Stirling engine of alpha type has been presented in the paper.

This paper deals with an experimental analysis of hard rubber dynamic tests under finite torsion deformations. The experimental test rig was designed and composed for torsion loading of rubber under defined amplitudes, frequencies and temperatures. The present paper brings an amplitude-temperature analysis of isoprene-butadiene rubber ascertained by the use of the test rig. The mathematical rheological model of rubber was designed for phenomenological description and parametric identification of rubber.

The paper is oriented on the analysis of the ventilation systems in schoolrooms. Correct and sufficient ventilation of schoolrooms is very important because students and pupils spend in the schoolrooms the majority of their time in school. In our schools the ventilation is incorrect and insufficient. The biggest problem is winter period when the ventilation is provided only by opening the doors to corridor. This way, there is insufficient intake of oxygen, which causes distractibility and feeling of tiredness of pupils. In current schoolrooms we can use only natural ventilation and thus the schoolrooms have to be ventilated using windows. Therefore this research was focused on the comparison and the analysis of different systems of natural ventilation in schoolrooms. The experimental measurements were carried out in schoolroom, where the parameters of thermal comfort were measured in the different systems of natural ventilation with device Testo 480 which was connected to computer. Gained values of air temperature, air velocity and index PMV are presented in graphs. On the base of analysis of measured values were evaluated the systems of natural ventilation for schoolrooms. In the future, the mechanical ventilation in schoolrooms can be assumed, therefore the recommendation on modern energy saving system of mechanical ventilation is in the end of this paper.

Lightning has been the major cause of power interruptions in Malaysia. Malaysia is located near the equator having approximately 200 thunder days per year. It is known to be among the highest lightning activity country worldwide. TNB as the main power supply utility in Malaysia has made an effort to reduce the power interruptions via installation of Lightning Detection Network (LDN) in 1994. This paper presents the history leading to modern LDN that capture lightning radiation fields at multiple remote sensors. The network has undergone a series of improvement between 2004 and 2009 in response to evolving detection technologies and requirements. Recent analyses on actual performance of the current LDN are also summarized. The paper includes short and long term requirements for improving the lightning measurements needed to address some open scientific questions and fill the needs of emerging applications.

Distribution and power transformer is the essential part of electrical power transmission system. Abnormalities occur at the transformer can be interpreted and analysed to get the cause of faults, thus it can be further studied for monitoring ageing and condition of the transformer. A lot of studies have been done to detect as many abnormalities that can possibly arise in a transformer. For inexperienced user, it can be a bit of overwhelming to choose which studies that they can refer to. Numerous techniques and methods has been used for transformer monitoring till date and still being improved which includes: Common Electrical Tests, Power and Dissipation Factor Measurement, Partial Discharge (PD) Analysis, Frequency Response Analysis (FRA), Dielectric Response Analysis (DRA), Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA), Dielectric Breakdown Voltage, Oil Resistivity, and Karl Fischer Titration. These techniques and methods are developed to monitor and analyse the common part of transformer which are winding, core, bushing, insulation oil, and insulation paper. This paper reviews the current improved techniques and methods in transformer monitoring according to the technology, accuracy, complexity, and cost for the past five years. A few methods and techniques can be appointed to each of classified user as a beginner, intermediate and competent. Finally, this paper suggests more improvement to be studied on the existing established methods. Some of the techniques can be combined to create a better accuracy and efficiency for fault identification, ageing estimation and condition monitoring.

One of the most important elements of a stand for measurement of a thrust generated by an underwater vehicle UV is a microprocessor measurement system. The system is responsible for processing signals from a force sensors and then for delivering processed data to a measurement system. The paper describes the microprocessor system which was built for measurement of a thrust generated by a biomimetic underwater vehicle BUV [4].The paper includes an introduction, technical description of the measurement system and at the end, selected results of its working.

Wireless network used in office is much cheaper than industrial-type devices. Using of office-type WiFi communication in industrial environment for exchange data between mobile platform (AGV) and base station is the core of this paper. The scope of research is data limitation flow in function of distance between system nodes and usability of office-type (low cost) equipment for establishes stable communication on industrial environment. Paper describes two experiments in two types of production environment. First one was realized in condition where several disturbance sources were active (like metal forming machine-tools, constant energy welding machines, electric overhead crane, high power electric motors, electronic inverters etc. All this machines contaminate radio environment around them and make serious obstacles for WiFi data exchange. Second experiment was executed in assembling hall of automobile production plant in which radio contamination is significantly lower.

This paper presents the analysis of the variety of methods regarding aerial guided bomb control during the ground attack on a moving target. Based on this method there was an earlier research regarding motion control of the three degrees of freedom gyroscope axis [1,2] during space exploration and discovered target tracking. Positive results obtained during that research led to conclusion that the proposed control method will be accurate to establish a control force for aerial bomb guiding. This method is based on the use of phase trajectories control deviations. Switching of the control forces in the particular phase plane points causes the deviations to decrease to zero and facilitates the proper trajectory of the bomb. This paper presents a switching algorithm, equations of kinematics and dynamics of a bomb flight-path and the variety of examples of a numerical simulations. Obtained results were presented in the graphic form.

This paper introduces a novel two-sleeve rotary compressor (TSRC) concept. The compressor mechanism is basically that of a rotary motion whereby the novelty lies in the usage of two rotating sleeves and a secured vane that has one end fixed to an outer sleeve and the other end to a rotor, respectively. The paper introduces the working principle and thermodynamic model of the TSRC compressor. The swept volume, the delivered pressure, the work and the power of the TSRC are formulated and analyzed. The compressor configuration and thermodynamic analysis are based on the 174 cm3.rev-1 swept volume with R134a as the compressed gas. The thermodynamic analysis reveals that the TSRC will perform well as refrigerant compressor and can be reliably adopted for refrigeration and air-conditioning applications.

This paper investigates the possibility to individually balance the specific shaking forces and shaking moment of the slider-crank mechanism. The most common mean of balancing the slider crank mechanism is to use a counter mass. This solution is applied for almost every slider-crank mechanism used in commercial mechanical devices. However the nature of the mechanism does not allow a perfect balancing in such a way. The different nature of motions that govern the piston displacement and crank rotation imply that a counter mass can only statically balance the mechanism. An ideal dynamic balancing cannot be achieved this way. Therefore in this paper the excitations that act on the mechanism are split by the nature of motion that generates them and balanced accordingly. Two motions are defined, respectively the motion of the piston and the motion of the crank. The inertia force associated with the crank motion is balanced by building a dynamically equivalent system around the axis of the crankshaft while the excitation associated with the motion of the piston is balanced with a progressive spring with two rates.

This article describes a complex and generally applicable computational model for solving the frictional losses of directionally oriented and non-oriented sliding surfaces working under mixed lubrication regime. In the primary phase of this paper are described ways to get characteristics data describing rough surfaces together with the formula for determination of surface pattern directional dependence. Furthermore, formulae describing used contact model are listed and also the structure of the whole powertrain dynamics solution is briefly explained. In the closing section of this paper are shown and discussed results of several types of slide bearing analysis.

In this paper are presented and analyzed a series of problems that are appearing during the CFRP machining. Due to their properties, the composite materials began to replace traditional materials (ferrous and non-ferrous) in a lot of industries leading out the development of new methods of machining or adaptation of the classic. Unlike traditional material, drilling in CFRP is more difficult due to inhomogeneity of the material, its high hardness but also due to lack of knowledge relating to how these materials behave. This paper investigates different types of tool wears as corner wear, welding, crater wear that are appearing in drilling operation due to the highly abrasive nature of the carbon fibers. Also, here is presented an evaluation that refers to the machined hole quality and describe defects as delamination, pull outs, fibers projections, pyrolysis and shape errors. The main goal of this paper is to verify the current status of technique in CFRP drilling in order to develop and produce a new drill geometry in a cooperation between the Technical University of Cluj-Napoca and the cutting tool company Gühring KG.

The aim of this paper is to highlight a method for improving laser beam efficiency. The laser weld bead profile depends on various parameters such as beam power, welding speed, wavelength of the laser radiation or the initial temperature of the material. Taking into account that laser beam welding efficiency is usually limited by synchronization of the laser source parameters, new methods were developed. In this paper is analyzed the influence of preheating the material and of the wavelength of laser radiation on the laser weld bead profile. Improvement in penetration depth was noted for preheating the material to around 140°C.

In the paper, we experimentally analyze a pneumatic actuator and possibilities of piston positioning. Paper shows mathematical model of pneumatic actuator. Actuator is experimentally tested and therefor experimental stand is assembled for the purposes of positioning of actuator piston. The changing parameters during the experiment are weight of load and pneumatic pressure. The results show how these parameters can have influence on precise positioning of pneumatic actuator. For experiment there is purposely used open loop control system. The aim of the study is not to show control method for positioning but to show influence of mentioned parameters.

The specific objectives of rehabilitation medicine are maintaining and recovering human body functions, as well as preventing dysfunctionalities by means of kinetic and orthotic techniques and a variety of equipment for support and adaptation. The latter are medical systems facilitating the exercise of muscles at constant or variable speeds according to professional recommendations. The paper presents and discusses the control of rehabilitation equipment designed for the passive mobilisation exercises of joints. The novelty of such equipment resides in its actuation by pneumatic muscles, as well as in its control by means of an SPC 200 controller and WinPISA software. The paper presents a number of examples of rehabilitation programmes and the corresponding motion graphs of the rehabilitation equipment sliding block.

This paper describes the basic characteristic of the in-pipe micromachine. Themicromachine is based on two masses impact principle. Its diameter is 10 mm, length is 45 mm andweight is 10g. The micromachine is composed of a electromagnet, a permanent magnet, a adjustingunit, a guide rod, a damping spring and bristles. The paper represents the methods of friction forcesidentification

In contextual evolution of the global economy and new technologies, quality, competitiveness, and cost engage companies to focus on continuous improvement and innovation. This approach is highly visible in the bearing industry, due to the emergence and improvement of existing and new types of bearings.The authors of the paper are engaged in a long-term research, which aims to improve the performance of heavy bearings, including identification of new constructive solution. The study is focused on the characteristics and constructive structure of the bearings cages in discussion.In this context, it is logical that the research focuses upon known bearings cages that are currently used [1], as well as unknown or unapplied constructive solutions which are the subject of patents.The critical analysis of various constructive cage solutions for bearings, intended or not for heavy bearings, is a valuable source of inspiration and information towards identification of constructive elements and characteristics useful to develop new technical solutions, by applying integrations, combinations, innovations and development processes [2].In the presented paper several patents are analyzed critically [3, 4, 5], in terms of constructive solutions, manufacturing complexity and presumptive operational energy consumption.

This article deals about the challenges of structural changes in manufacturing conditions. The objective of this paper is to present the modular workstations concept based on miniaturization and re-configurability trends. The article is aimed at problems of designing of production systems with a modular construction structure. The modular structure allows an individual and flexible adaptation to varying requirements but also the realization of low-cost solutions for creation of new or modernized production base. The goal is to present the example of modular workstations solutions that correspond with new designing approach. The specification of basics principles, which should help to designing flexible manufacturing systems, discussed in this paper are: modularity; integrability; convertibility; diagnosability; customization. The theoretical part provides an overview of fundamental design principles in manufacturing structures. In the first part of this article are discussed the specification of basic flexibility types in production system and the main impacts influencing design of manufacturing structures. The closing section of the article provides the specification of example solution of adjustable production platform with modular frame (called desktop factory).

The FDM technology is an easy solution when someone need freedom of design but with a high precision of manufacturing and so, one can built conceptual models or molds, engineering models, manufacturing tools, and functional testing prototypes. The problem addressed in this paper is to identify and investigate the possibility of design and the achieving sustainability of a temporary hand prosthesis used for supporting and immobilizing a broken bone. The research tries to highlight some common and distinct aspects specific to FDM printing technology. One of the objectives of this paper is to use the FDM technology in order to achieve a modern version of the classics splints or of the orthopedic cast. The prototype models proposed can be made vertically on a 3D printer with small motherboard and are easy to wear, attractive to children through its colors and can be made with a manufacturing low price.

In the current automated high-tech world the applications and use of robot has become the vital role in all areas in industries and in common social applications. The mechanical design process essentials to improve and also it is a way to capable of giving consistent and fast efficient products. One way of altering the process is through reducing the manual work by systematizing the repetitive tasks using static analysis ways in the computer software. With a view to meet the purpose of inspecting the outer surface weldments in steel storage canister used to store the High-level fuel waste at nuclear industry with the help of Non-destructive testing (NDT) equipment. In this research work the new mechanical configuration of the robot arm was designed, and this arm was utilized to carry the vision camera at the end effector to capture the weld surfaces. This paper focuses the mechanical modeling of the manipulator mechanism and finite element (FE) method and analysis of the designed arm with different positions and specific load condition. From this study the statically balanced design of the robot was determined with three different positional conditions. The largest value of displacement and stress produced in the arm also discussed with clear FEA simulation results. In this paper mechanism of seven degrees of freedom robot arm is discussed.

Roll to roll process is one of the famous printing techniques that are possible to create graphic and electronic device on variable substrate by using conductive ink. Graphene is an example of material that can be used as printing ink which usually used in producing micro-scale electronic devices. Here, it is proposed that extending roll to roll printing technique into the multiple micro-scale printing fine solid line onto substrate by using graphene as a printing ink. Flexography is a high speed roll to roll printing technique commonly used in paper printing industry. And this study elaborates the feasibility of graphene as a printing ink use in combination of flexography and micro-contact or micro-flexo printing for micro fine solid line. This paper will illustrates the review of graphene in producing multiple micro-solid lines printing capability for the application of printing electronic, graphic and bio-medical.

This paper presents a new mechanical design of mobile robot which can travel in the condition of continuous varying environment, such as colon of human body. Especially, the human colon environment contains an intense diameter change. The suggested mechanical design is capable to adapt in wide diameter changing system by generating two basic motions, rotational and linear motion, with a single actuator. Prototypes is fabricated, and tested result is presented in this paper. Also, experimental result is compared with the mathematical model of the mechanism to verify the feasibility of the proposed mechanism.

This paper presents a case study of water flow over the chute spillway type for the Mengkuang Dam expansion project. It governs the surplus water from the dam to the downstream area. However, flows were driven by gravity along the curvature and vertical direction which cause unpredictable flow direction along the chute. Its cause’s thickening of turbulence, changing the velocity, pressure and depth of the water along the spillway. This study was simulated using a physical model with geometrical scale of 1:20. After some test conducted on the spillway, eleven locations on the spillway were selected for the test based on observation for the study. For each location, there were five points in a line with equal distance. Manometers were installed on six locations of the spillway. The water level, velocity and pressure were measured at every point for 100, 1000, 10000 years and PMF design discharge of the spillway. Several critical occurrences on the spillway such as turbulent and cross-wave were presented in this paper.

This paper discusses the implementation of an adaptive fuzzy autopilot for a scale ship model using a Fuzzy Model Reference Learning Controller (FMRLC). Initially, a fuzzy singleton model of the scale ship model is obtained from experimental input and output data gathered from the turning circle manoeuvre. After that, the paper describes how to design a Fuzzy Model Reference Learning Controller (FMRLC) for controlling the directional heading of the scale ship model. At the end, results of the implementation of the adaptive ship autopilot are showed.

When using the laser displacement sensor to measure distance, there is a deflection angle which exites between the direction of the laser beam and the direction of axis, this deflection angle has an impact on the final measurement result. This paper presented a calibration method of the laser beam’s direction, designed calibration device and ceramic calibration plate. In the process of calibrating, laser displacement sensor moves along Z-axis and Y-axis of machine, CCD camera takes the image of the spot projected by laser beam on the calibration plate, then calculate the laser beam’s direction based on the movement distance of laser displacement sensor and the spot’s position on calibration plate. Depend on the Mikron five-axis CNC machine tools, this paper describes the whole calibration process in details, the feasibility and accuracy of the method has been verified by experiment. Experimental results show that when the machine tool’s accuracy is within 0.002mm, the calibration error of laser beam’s direction can be controlled within the range of 0.05°.

An experimental investigation was presented in this paper on reinforced concrete box beams subjected to shear, torsion, and bending moment strengthened by carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). Eight box beams were cast and separated into two groups according to two different torque-to-shear and torque-to-bending moment ratios. Three box beams from each group strengthened by CFRP in different configurations and one control box beam were tested. The main parameters of this experiment were the different ratios and configurations, including U-jacket layers and U-jacket strips with or without longitudinal strips. The cracking and failure mode, effect of wrapping configuration, torsional capacity, and behavior of the different torque-to-shear and torque-to-bending moment ratios were studied in the paper.

The model for the analysis of the gear pump work designed for the hydraulic systems was made for the 3D non-stationary two-phase flow using CFD software. In this paper, we made the simulation calculation of the pressure surge when opened between gear space in the discharge tube while the liquid is pumped. At the same time, we detected the pressure, velocity fields and the volume fraction of the steam in the gear pump space. The paper presents the resultant of the forces and the moments acting on the gears and possible sites of cavitation in the area of the gear pump and on its bearings. All the obtained results have been examined in the practical manufacturing processes.

The paper is focused on the ionization current measurement in the cylinder SI engine during an engine cycle. Briefly describes the problems and lists reference sources, which are several possible ways of measuring the ionization current during the working cycle. Paper also provides information regarding the proposed scheme of measuring devices and mentions functional test equipment.

Exhaust gas heat utilization in the form of Thermal Energy Recovery (TER) has attracted a major interest due to its potentials with Internal Combustion Engines (ICE). Recovering useful energy, for example in the form of electrical power from the engine exhaust waste heat could benefit in the form of direct fuel economy or increase in the available electric power for the auxillary systems. The methodology in this paper includes the assessment of each waste heat recovery technology based on the current research and development trends for automotive application. It also looked into the potential for energy recovery, performances of each technology and factors affecting its implementation. Finally, the work presents an Electric Turbo Compounding (ETC) simulation using a Ford Eco-Boost as a baseline engine modeled with the 1-Dimensional AVL Boost software. A validated 1-D engine model was used to investigate the impact on the Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) and Brake Mean Effective Pressure (BMEP) at full load. This paper presents some reviews on the turbo-compounding method and also the modelling efforts and results of an electric turbo-compounding system. Modelling shows that the turbo-compounding setup can be more beneficial than turbo-charging alone.

This paper built 3D motor model by SolidWorks, using finite element software Fluent to simulate the temperature field and fluid field of the permanent magnet motor. The cooling effect of “C” type structure with different radiating rib was analyzed in this paper. Simulation analysis of motor temperature rise was carried out under different inlet flow. It provides a reference for the further study of motor shell optimization design.

Based on the characteristics of the back electromotive force (back-EMF), the rotor position information would be detected. Hence, the main theme of this paper is to design a practical approach to detect the zero cross point (ZCP) of back-EMF through virtual neutral voltage for sensorless brushless direct current (BLDC) motor drives. In contrast to conventional methods, the real neutral voltage of motor is not needed. In order to compensate the phase delay of the back-EMF due to low-pass filter (LPF) under different speeds, a voltage-controlled phase shifter, consisted of hysteresis comparator and voltage-controlled resistor (VCR), is proposed in this paper. The detail circuit model is introduced and some experimental results obtained from a sensorless prototype are shown to confirm the practicality of proposed senosorless drive method.

This paper deals with a buffer allocation problem in unpaced μ-unbalanced production line. Unpaced line is referred to a line with workstations act independently and the material is not pulled by demand but in push mode. In this study, the production line is considered unpaced, μ-unbalanced but reliable. Mean processing time (μ) is the most difficult variable to fix constant in an actual production line due to the complexity of assembly process. The unbalance variance will become higher if the assembly process is more complex. The optimal buffer allocation need to be found for this particular type of production line so that it can maximize throughput rate and minimize total number of work-in-progress (WIP) on the line. This paper used a simulation method to simulate the throughput rate by given sets of buffer size. Based on the simulation results, a basic optimal buffer allocation (OBA) concept represented the characteristics of OBA for a production line was summarized. By applying the concept, a development of 6 Steps OBA tool is carried out. This tool could be utilized by a management in allocating the buffer during designing of the line layout.

Distribution transformer in Malaysian electricity network is categorized as major element on delivering electricity throughout the nation. Advanced diagnostic tools are used to monitor any technical problem of transformer to sustain its capability in the long run. One type of it which is currently being used in worldwide is Frequency Response Analysis (FRA). The reliability from this method is proven worldwide in diagnosing transformer condition especially a mechanical movement. FRA technique is done by comparing the response result in transformer initial condition to its current condition. The interpretation of transformer condition from the response is based on frequency sub-bands. Each frequency sub-bands are indicating any movement parts of transformer and electrical faults. Currently, there are three worldwide standards established for interpreting the FRA results but both of them are different in frequency sub-bands range. Up to now, there are no research papers comparing the fault detection capabilities from frequency sub-bands range for both standards. In this paper, comparative study is done to visualize and interpret the capabilities from three standards (IEEE Std C57.149 2012, DL/T911-2004 and Cigre WG A2/26); by focus on the frequency sub-bands range.

The paper describes the state of the development, production and utilization of industrial and service robots. It shows the fields of highest deployment of robots. The year 2010 was a break-through and since that year the production of industrial robots has increased each year and the estimated number of produced robots in 2015 is 200 000. The paper also points out the increasing trend of use of service robots as well as mentions main producers and countries with high potential deployment of robots.

The important purpose of mineral oil in transformer is to be insulant and it is role of being a coolant. Petroleum based oil is commonly used because it has a good dielectric strength and cooling performance. However, the application of mineral oil brings negative impact to the environment such as oil spills, leakage, explosion and soon petroleum based oil will be running out for future generation used. Thus, vegetable oil is chosen as an alternative to replace mineral oil for transformer insulation liquid. Formerly, most of Malaysian researches were focusing on the properties of the vegetable oils rather than investigate the effect on the transformer performances after the vegetable oils are applied. Hence, this paper focuses on the performance of the transformer before and after vegetable oils are applied. For this paper, refined palm oil is used as insulation liquid for a single-phase step down transformer which use the 220 V supply and 50 Hz frequency. Transformer is connected to 110V induction motor as load and has been test in two conditions, dry and after palm oil is applied. Comparison is made from both results and clearly shown a good improvement when palm oil is used as insulation oil.

This paper produces experimental results comparing operational loss of a power transformer under rated and nonlinear load. A 2kVA three phase three legged dry type power transformer is primarily designed for rated loss; however it is operated with a nonlinear load. Three phase rectifier with variable capacitors is the selected current harmonic source and the distortion at current waveform is controlled by the capacitance values. Initially the operation losses under rated load is measured and then followed with measurement with nonlinear load. At the end of this paper, both type of operation losses is compared and differentiated.

This paper mainly put forward to the structure of the vertically multichannel solar chimney, which is the inbuilt endothermic triangle wall. According to the method of numerical simulation, it researched and explored the characteristic of ventilation in the vertically multichannel solar chimney. The purpose of this paper is to research the variation of air volume to the optimize structure on vertically solar chimney depend on different conditions, including aisle width, W and the radius of the endothermic semicircular wall, S. In addition, it makes a comparison on air volume between optimized and traditional solar chimney structures. The results show that the air volume of the solar chimney with endothermic triangle wall increased 18%-25.4% than traditional structures within the prescribed limits such as radius (100mm, 150mm, 200mm and 250mm) and heat flux (1000W/m2). While there is not an obviously change on the air volume of solar chimney with variations in radius.

The development of robotics caused the creation of new solutions in robots communication. Nowadays, there is a need to create not only systems of cooperation between robots and/or their equipment, but also in the relation human-robot. The paper presents the idea of software supporting the collaboration between human and industrial robot. First of all, different types of cooperation in robotics are described. Moreover, a communication solution and computer software proposal are presented. In the final part of the paper the authors present the application developed and the results of experimental work.

This is Part-1 of the two-part paper in considering the effect of cambered airfoil blades on self-starting of vertical axis wind turbine. Part 1 reports the numerical studies on self-starting of vertical axis wind turbine with comparative studies involving NACA 0012 and cambered airfoil NACA 4415. Part 2 of the paper deals with numerical studies of NACA 0018 and cambered air foil NACA 63415. Darrieus type VAWT is attracting many researchers attention for its inherent advantages and its diversified applications. However, a disadvantage is when the rotor is stationary, no net rotational forces arises, even at high-wind speed. The principal advantage of the vertical axis format is their ability to accept wind from any direction without yawing mechanism. However, self-starting capability is the major drawbacks. Moreover, literatures based on computational analysis involving the cambered airfoil are few only. The objective of this present study is to select the suitable airfoil blades on self-starting of VAWT at low-Reynolds number. The numerical studies are carried out to identify self-starting capability of the airfoil using CFD analysis by studying the flow field over the vertical axis wind turbine blades. The commercial CFD code, ANSYS CFX 13.0© was used for the present studies. Initially, the flow over NACA 0012 was simulated and analyzed for different angles of attacks and similarly carried out for NACA 4415. The contours of static pressure distribution and velocity as well as the force and torque were obtained. Even though the lift force for cambered airfoil NACA 4415 is higher, based on the torque values of the above blade profiles, asymmetrical airfoil NACA 0012 is found to be appropriate for self-starring of VAWT.

This paper presents the new design of Hybrid Excitation Flux Switching Motor (HEFSM) using segmental rotor structure. HEFSMs are those that consist all the excitation flux sources at their stator with robust rotor structure. The rotor is designed as segmental due to the reason that segmental rotor has ability to yield the magnetic path for conveying the field flux to nearby stator armature coil with respect to the rotation of the rotor. This design gives the clear advantage of shorter end winding compared to the toothed rotor as there is no overlap winding between field excitation coil (FEC) and armature coil. In this paper the initial design of HEFSM with segmental rotor has been improved by changing segment span, FEC slot area and armature slot area until maximum torque and power of 33.633 Nm and 8.17 KW respectively have been achieved. Moreover coil test analysis, induced voltage, cogging torque, magnetic flux characteristics, torque vs. field current density and torque vs. power speed characteristics are examined on the basis of 2-D finite element analysis (FEA).

Sewing is one of the oldest textile arts which are still popular among the masses of India. Beyond being an art work, sewing serves as a source of livelihood for millions of people. In modern India the major part of the sewing industry is confined to the rural villages spread across the north and the north eastern states of India. Most of these villages are still to receive electricity and those of whom have, are sustaining on the verge of energy poverty. The operation of a sewing machine can be harnessed to produce electricity for small scale purposes. This can be used for charging batteries, mobile phones, lamps, emergency lights. The rotational aspect of the sewing machine wheel can be used to generate power. Power generation is facilitated by using an Alternator. The usage of an Alternator over a DC Motor or Dynamo has added advantages which are described in detail in due course. This paper is intended to present a method to generate power by effectively harnessing the rotational capability of a sewing machine wheel. The paper also deals with the advantages of using an alternator over other electricity generating devices.

The function of the fan is to reduce heat in the radiator where hot cooling liquid is circulated. The radiator fan blades are made up of various materials nowadays and the legacy material used is steel. This paper presents the static analysis of the radiator fan and at the outcome we analyze the failure of the entire blade taking into design consideration. The analysis of the radiator fan is executed to different types of materials to check and evaluate the material and process conditions which withstand the dynamic and structural loads. In the paper design of the blade is done through reverse engineering. The static analysis is done using ANSYS where the 3D solid model of the radiator fan is considered for structural analysis. The various loads and properties and applied through the entire length of the radiator fan. The analysis leads us to proposal of suitable material to withstand all the loads. The Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) material is tested and considered.

Power delivered to consumer from utilities is susceptible to power quality problems. The most common power quality problems are voltage sag. Modern equipment nowadays are prone to problems associated with voltage sag. Such problems can be apprehended by several mitigation methods. This paper will discuss voltage sag mitigation method by eliminating the injection transformer in ordinary Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) and applying Single Phase Matrix Converter (SPMC) in a single phase DVR topologies. The objective of this paper is to investigate the potential mitigation method without the injection transformer in the DVR topology. DVR circuit will be constructed and simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. It is hoped that the result of this work will provide a simpler mitigation technique where existing DVR topology can be constructed with less component that provides unnecessary losses in the DVR itself.IndexTerms—Injection Transformer, DVR, SPMC, MATLAB/SIMULINK.

For an arch rib of concrete filled steel tube (CFST) erected by cable-stayed cantilever method, the construction control becomes increasingly difficult along with the erection of rib segments, owing to more system transformation, and higher degrees of static indeterminacy. First, for the problems usually occurred in the process of ribs erection, this paper presented a line-shape control principle that is “erecting higher, remaining stationary”. Secondly, based on analysis of the merits and demerits of common methods for cable forces calculation, and according to the principle of “remaining stationary”, a new calculation method for cable forces was proposed. At last, based on an X-style CFST railway arch bridge with a span of 360m, this paper compared the cable forces calculated by the new method with the actual tensioned forces, analyzed the variation of segments displacement in the process of erection, and discussed the influence of prearranged height on weld width. The control principle and the calculation method for cable forces presented in this paper have been proved effective, by the line-shape data measured after the closure of arch ribs, which may provide valuable reference for the construction control of similar CFST arch bridges.

In this paper, numerical studies have been conducted in order to evaluate the efficiency of a vertical axis wind turbine by using CFD methods. For these studies, it has been used SIMPLE type pressure-based coupled solver. The complexity and the unsteadiness character of the flow in such a machine, requires the use of unsteady RANS models. To determine the accuracy of the solution obtained by URANS models, this paper makes a comparative analysis with the same case and LES modeling. Analyses were performed with a 2D grid consisting of two regions, a rotor and a stator. The airfoil of the VAWT is a classic NACA0018. Results indicate that the poor accuracy of the URANS CFD method is mainly due to its limitation in the vortex modeling. In general the LES modeling have a better agreement with the experimental results from the wind tunnel.

This paper presents the parameters and assumptions of the hydrostatic guide rail in both ideal and actual working conditions, the simulate calculation of fluid-solid heat coupling field between gas film and the bearing surface is finished by Fluent based on finite volume method. By analyze and compare the results after post-treatment, we gain the effects caused by guide way’s structure and deformation on the formation of film pressure field, temperature field inside gas film, besides this paper also provides relate conclusions.