189,783 results
Search Results
52. An experimental study on utilization of paper pulp and crushed marble dust in M35 grade concrete.
- Author
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Sargunan, K. and Suvarna, M.
- Subjects
- *
PAPER pulp , *INCINERATION , *WASTE paper , *INDUSTRIAL wastes , *CRUSHED stone , *GREENHOUSE gases , *AIR pollution , *INDUSTRIAL pollution - Abstract
The demand for cement has grown due to the rapid growth of the building sector. Cement manufacture, on the other hand, produces more greenhouse gases and carbon dioxide. As a result, different construction materials must be sought. Paper pulp is made from waste from the paper industry. Every year, the paper industry consumed a significant amount of land in the surrounding area. Some wastes are thrown on land as a disposal method, while some businesses burn their industrial waste in incinerators, causing serious air pollution issues. The impact of employing paper pulp and crushed stone dust as partial replacements in concrete is discussed in this study. The advantages of using paper pulp with crushed stone are explored in this study. Furthermore, this research presents the findings of an experimental inquiry for M35 grade concrete employing wastepaper as an extra ingredient in concrete mixes for housing projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
53. The synthesis of paper soap: Effect of polyvinyl alcohol consentration.
- Author
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Handayani, Sri, Atmojo, Damasus Radityo, Marsudi, Sidik, and Ismojo
- Subjects
POLYVINYL alcohol ,FREE fatty acids ,SOAP ,COCONUT oil ,ETHYLENE glycol ,ALOE vera - Abstract
Paper soap is currently in great demand by the public because it is easy to carry everywhere. In the process, solid soap is printed as thin as paper. This paper soap will dissolve and produce foam when exposed to water. This study aims to synthesize the paper soap product against the effect of variations in the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). PVA serves as an adhesive and forms a thin layer (film). The raw material for making soap is virgin coconut oil and NaOH as a basic soap. Basic soap is mixed with glycerin, ethylene glycol, silicone oil, olive oil, aloe vera, and perfume. After that, the mixture was added with polyvinyl alcohol with various concentrations of 5, 10, 15, and 20 percent solution. The processed soap material is then poured into a flat mold with a thickness of 0.5 mm and 1 mm. The paper soap produced was tested for water content, free fatty acids, pH and antibacterial activity test. The test results showed that the best paper soap was obtained when using a 5 percent PVA solution. The results are in accordance with the requirements of SNI 3532:2016 solid soap with a moisture content of 12%, free fatty acids 1.5%, pH 9.6 and the value of inhibition diameter on the antibacterial activity test 18.7 mm, the value stability of foam of 94% with a thickness of 0.5 mm soap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
54. The characterization of agitated bacterial cellulose-based paper synthesized at various rotational speeds.
- Author
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Gea, Saharman, Marpongahtun, Nasution, Darwin Yunus, Pasaribu, Khatarina Meldawati, Amaturrahim, Suci Aisyah, Piliang, Averroes Fazlurrahman, and Siahaan, Rio Cahyono
- Subjects
YOUNG'S modulus ,CELLULOSE ,ROTATIONAL flow ,SCANNING electron microscopy ,THERMOGRAVIMETRY ,PAPERMAKING - Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a type of cellulose produced by bacteria in a glucose-based medium that has more advantages than plant cellulose. The production of cellulose powders, however, has the characteristics affected due to physical treatments; thus, the objective of this research was to produce BC powder for use in paper production. BC was produced by agitation with oxygen flow at various rotational speeds to obtain a fragmented BC phase. BC samples were dried by a spray dryer to produce powder for paper making. The characterization of BC powder and paper samples was done by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile strength, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The morphological results showed optimum BC was produced at 300 rpm rotation speed with a 405.2 g yield, while the FTIR spectrum confirmed that the material is a cellulosic compound. TGA characterization of the optimum sample displayed thermal stability at 330 °C in the thermal analysis. Among the variations in rotational speed, the 300 rpm sample led to the highest Young's modulus value, 878 MPa, and the most improved surface morphology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
55. A study on recycling of waste solid garbage in a city.
- Author
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Gupta, Shipra, Kumar, Vijay, and Patil, P.
- Subjects
SOLID waste management ,SOLID waste ,NATURAL resources ,ORGANIC wastes ,WASTE recycling ,RESOURCE exploitation - Abstract
Every person on the planet uses solid materials. Natural resources are typically utilised in the production of new papers. Trees must be cut down to make way for new paper products. The authors want that this manuscript will raise public awareness about recycling and the relevance of solid waste management (SWM). Many forms of environmental problems may arise as a result of the depletion of natural resources. A survey was conducted for this purpose, in which 144 out of 180 participants took part. All age groups, all income levels, all types of citizens, and all levels of educated persons have participated in this study. After examining the results of this survey, it has been determined that the public is unaware of the socioeconomic benefits of recycling and solid waste management. People are also unaware of the cost-effectiveness of recycling. It could be a job-creating enterprise or industry. It became beneficial for the welfare of society, employment and environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
56. Characterization of hydroxyapatite synthesized from paper mill sludge.
- Author
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Geethakarthi, A. and Devi, P. Keerthana
- Subjects
PRECIPITATION (Chemistry) ,HYDROXYAPATITE ,PAPER mills ,HYDROXYAPATITE coating ,WATER treatment plant residuals ,HYDROXYAPATITE synthesis ,METAL ions ,HEAVY metals - Abstract
Hydroxyapatite, Ca10(PO4)6(OH2) is major mineral constituent of vertebrate bones and teeth. It is extensively used in biomedical field due to its biocompatible, bioactive and osteoconductive properties. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) has recently gained attention as efficient adsorbents, owing to its physical and chemical nature as it can substitute both cationic and anionic complexes present in an aqueous solution in its atomic arrangement. The Hydroxyapatite has been reported to be an efficient adsorbent in removing divalent heavy metal ions. In this work, an attempt has been made to synthesis hydroxyapatite by wet chemical precipitation method by extracting the calcium source from paper sludge ash. Experimental works were carried out under controlled condition by maintaining pH, temperature, stirring speed and aging period. The obtained powder is optimized at 600
0 C based on the TG-DTA results. The presence of hydroxyl ion in the apatite lattice was confirmed by absorption bands at 3410.15 cm−1 through FT-IR studies. The mean pore diameter and pore volume of the HAp was deducted through BET analysis as 45.22 nm and 1.7100 cm3 g−1 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
57. Studying the Possibility of Extending the Lifespan of Paper Documents and Archives Using the Polymer Coating Method.
- Author
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Al-Wattar, Wafaa Adel and Al-Sarraf, Abdalhameed Raheem
- Subjects
ULTRAVIOLET radiation ,POLYMERS ,VISIBLE spectra ,ALKYD resins ,PAPER ,HOLLOW fibers - Abstract
Paper is a widely used material that is affected by environmental stresses and makes paper prone to damage. The paper is characterized by the absorption of water and moisture due to porosity, We have overcome this problem by employing polymer materials as water-resistant coatings acting as a barrier to protecting the paper, Polymer paper coating forms a clear membrane on the fiber forming a bridge of monomers on the surface of the paper. Two polymer coatings were used as a treatment, namely Polystyrene and sealer (alkyd resin). The results showed the possibility of enhancing the durability of the paper and preserving it from damage and deterioration. The treatment gave a decrease in moisture content, response to abrasion and scratching while increased folding tolerability, the burst strength, tear resistance, hardness compared to untreated paper and the paper porosity important indicator to overcome. The degree of brightness, the degree of color and visible light and ultraviolet radiation [UV] effect of the specimens were studied in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
58. An optimal supply policy for time depending demand and deterioration with partial exponential backlogging.
- Author
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Arora, Ragini, Gupta, Sangeeta, and Srivastav, Sweta
- Subjects
- *
CONCAVE functions , *PAPER products , *CONVEX functions , *INVENTORIES - Abstract
We extend the inventory lot-size model in this paper to allow for products to deteriorate at variable rates, and demand is characterized by any log concave function of time that fulfils relatively mild criteria. Partial backlogging is possible with this model. The backlogging rate is a time-dependent, exponentially declining function provided by a parameter. We show that not only does the optimal replacement schedule exist, but that it is also unique. We also show that the inventory system's overall cost is a convex function of the number of replenishments. As a result, identifying a local minimum simplifies the search for the best number of replenishments. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
59. Development of bricks from lime sludge of paper industry and assessment of indoor air quality of buildings made of them.
- Author
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Bhushan, Mr. Brij, Kanwar, Manvi, John, Siby, and Kanwar, Varinder S
- Subjects
INDOOR air quality ,INDUSTRIAL wastes ,PAPER industry ,WASTE management ,WASTE paper ,SOLID waste - Abstract
Urbanization, increase in population and change in lifestyle of human beings increased pressure on natural resources and accumulation of industrial waste in the environment. Dumping and landfilling of such industrial waste especially the solid waste is leading towards severe environmental degradation in the form of water pollution, air pollution and soil pollution etc. Due to increase in installation of more paper mills, there is rapid increase in quantity of solid waste from these industries. In recent years, utilization of lime mud generated from paper mill has been emerged as a potential method to reuse/recover the usable rich material and reduce the quantity of waste and its disposal cost for landfilling/dumping. In this experimental examination, an effort has been complete to examine the behavior of the bricks developed using the waste (lime mud) from paper industry waste and other paper sludge by partial replacing the clay to the extent from 10% to 50%. The bricks were developed by using varying composition. Later execution various tests, it has been detected that bricks made from partial replacement of clay with lime mud are light weight, having desirable compressive strength, corrosion resistant. The indoor air quality assessment of buildings made of these bricks indicted little to no impact on ambient air quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
60. Characteristics of ORW e-paper with small azo dye exposure time.
- Author
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Kudreyko, Aleksey, Chigrinov, Vladimir, and Bachurina, Olga
- Subjects
ELECTRONIC paper ,ROTATIONAL diffusion ,AZO dyes ,REFLECTANCE - Abstract
Time-limited exposure of electrode-free optically rewritable electronic paper is essential for applications, but performance characteristics can be modest. In this study, we investigate whether image writer mode can improve kinetics of the photosensitive layer order parameter, which is described by the rotational diffusion model. The model that we developed allows adjusting the transmittance spectra of polarizers. We have found that fairly uniform transmittance spectrum of polarizers enables to obtain competitive contrast ratio of 8:1 within 10 s of exposure. In comparison with long-time exposure, the reflectance coefficient is reduced by 24%. Computer-generated image is consistent with the experimental observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
61. Comparative evaluation of mass oxygen transfer in existing aeration systems with advance oxidation techniques for treatment agro based pulp and paper mill effluents.
- Author
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Sharda, Avinash Kumar, Kanwar, Varinder S., and Sharma, Ashok
- Subjects
PULP mills ,PAPER mills ,AERATION tanks ,MASS transfer ,PAPER pulp ,DISSOLVED air flotation (Water purification) - Abstract
Mass Oxygen Transfer is a molecular diffusion of gas in a liquid depending upon its characteristics, concentration and cross-sectional area across which diffusion occurs and is accomplished in aerobic digestion of organics through different aeration equipment. Accordingly the comparative evaluation of mass transfer oxygen by different aeration equipment were conducted in existing aeration tanks of Agro Based Pulp and Paper Mill by studying the effect during pre and post injection of liquid oxygen through submerged and floating turbine systems coupled with fine bubble replacing existing coarse bubble diffuser. The dissolved oxygen levels in the second aeration tank (AT
2 ) equipped with submerged turbine has further improved in the range of 2 to 2.5 comparison to lower values up to 1.5 mg/l observed in first aeration tank (AT1) with floating turbine systems. It was further studied that if fine bubble diffuser replacing existing pipe in both the aeration tanks are further coupled with liquid oxygen injection through submersible turbine system in both the aeration tanks shall increase dissolved oxygen levels up to 3-3.5 mg/l besides reduction in energy consumption up to 25% thus lowering overall treatment cost and further improve the treatment efficiencies for reduction a of BOD and COD at the final out let well below compliance level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
62. Physical and combustion properties of solid fuel briquettes made of plastic waste as a green energy alternative.
- Author
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Nugraheni, Rosmalia Dita, Syafira, Nadhia Noor, Setyorini, Dyah Ayu, Koesmawardani, Wildan Tri, Suliestyah, and Nuryana, Suherman Dwi
- Subjects
BRIQUETS ,PLASTIC scrap ,CLEAN energy ,ALTERNATIVE fuels ,BIODEGRADABLE plastics ,WASTE paper - Abstract
The rapid development of the industrial sector has increased either energy demand or generate a tremendous effect on waste piles. To combat the issue of poor sanitation due to waste accumulation and multiply the energy sources, the government promotes energy diversification, particularly dealing with waste management. This study aims to recycle plastic waste, paper waste and sawdust into solid fuel briquettes while observing their physical and combustion properties. Briquette production is carried out by combining waste of plastics and sawdust with binding agents, such as paper pulp and cassava starch. These materials were mixed with water, being compacted and conventionally dried under the sunlight. Solid briquette was then tested for calorific value, moisture content and volatile matter to ensure the effectiveness of combustion. The results show that the modified composition of plastic and paper with the ratio of 3:1 is physically sturdy with minor cracks, has a greater calorific value of 6801.62 Cal/gr, low moisture content (4.73%) and volatile matter (5.50%). The modified composition of paper: plastic: sawdust with the ratio of 1:1:1 exhibits more sturdy stuff, with a calorific value of 4565.47 Cal/ gr, low moisture content (1.85%) but high volatile matter (34.07%). Waste conversion to solid fuel briquette can be utilized as future green energy alternative in any major cities of Indonesia. A modified mixture of plastic : paper waste is more prone to transmit the heat despite having less capability to ignite, while the mixture of sawdust : paper is more prone to ignite despite having less capability to store and dismiss the heat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
63. The Effect of Chitosan Into Paper Properties in Papermaking.
- Author
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Muryeti, Pratiwi, Faraqh Eka, Yuniastuti, Risqi Tri, and Budimulyani, Estuti
- Subjects
CHITOSAN ,PAPERMAKING ,BIOPOLYMERS ,BIODEGRADABLE materials ,TENSILE strength - Abstract
Chitosan is natural polymer that has nontoxic, biodegradable and biocompatibility material. Chitosan has been investigated as papermaking additive to improve properties of paper such as physical and optical properties. The objective of the research was to investigate the effectiveness chitosan in papermaking process and to determine the effect of chitosan on properties of paper. Chitosan was added in papermaking process with different dosage 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2%. The efficiencies of Chitosan in papermaking can be obtained by measuring and analyzing of properties of paper, such as physical and optical properties. The increasing dosage of chitosan, will increase the physical properties of paper, such as tensile strength and decrease water absorption of paper, but will not influence the brightness of paper. The optimum concentration of chitosan used in paper in this study is 1.5%. The result shows that chitosan used in paper can improve the properties of paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
64. Modification of craft paper to change its surface properties.
- Author
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Basyrova, S. I., Galikhanov, M. F., Shaimukhametova, I. F., Bogdanova, S. A., Makhotina, L. G., Volkovich, Vladimir A., Kashin, Ilya V., Smirnov, Andrey A., and Narkhov, Evgeniy D.
- Subjects
PAPER arts ,SURFACE properties ,CORONA discharge ,PAPER pulp ,PULPING ,CRAFT beer ,POLYCAPROLACTONE - Abstract
The influence of the electret on the properties of craft paper modified with polycaprolactone is shown in this article. When applying a polymer coating, a change in the surface properties of the pulp and paper material occurs, which is reflected in the wetting parameters. Processing pulp and paper materials in the field of a unipolar corona discharge leads to an increase in their mechanical characteristics and a decrease in roughness and air permeability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
65. Water absorbency of oil palm empty fruit bunch paper.
- Author
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Susiani, Susiani, Suryadi, Gema S., Rahmayanti, Handika D., Oktavia, Evi, Ananto, Purnomo, and Sarono, Sarono
- Subjects
OIL palm ,WOOD-pulp ,RAW materials ,FRUIT ,WATER testing ,CARDBOARD - Abstract
Paper-making raw materials are a mixture of pure wood pulp and recycled pulp. Recycled pulp is obtained from used paper imported from abroad, in addition to the development of paperless culture also has an impact on the reduced availability of raw materials. Empty bunch fiber of palm oil is one of the natural materials that have the potential to be used as an alternative to a pulp for the manufacture of cardboard paper because it has a high holocellulose content. This study has successfully developed cardboard paper developed from oil palm empty fruit bunch pulp with 6 variations of treatment, steam, no steam, NaOH 2.5%, NaOH 5% and mill duration (20 minutes and 30 minutes). The developed cardboard paper is then tested for its water absorbency. Water Absorbency value testing is done by the Cobb method (60). Based on the test results obtained the water absorption values is in the range of 500 - 600 g/m2. Cartons that received treatment, no steam, added NaOH 2.5%, and milled for 30 minutes, has the lowest water absorption value compared to others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
66. The Properties Of Food Packaging Paper From Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Pulp Coated with Chitosan.
- Author
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Prasetiyo, Kurnia Wiji, Zulfiana, Deni, Anita, Sita Heris, Fatriasari, Widya, Suryanegara, Lisman, Masruchin, Nanang, and Gutari, Sesmi
- Subjects
OIL palm ,FOOD packaging ,CHITOSAN ,EDIBLE coatings ,BIOPOLYMERS ,PACKAGED foods - Abstract
The coating process on food packaging paper is carried out to improve the food safety aspect from dangerous substance migration from food packaging into food. It can facilitate to increase its function and wide the potency of utilization. The coating materials commonly used are plastic and wax coatings. Chitosan as a natural polymer that has the binding properties both water and oil. Chitosan has polar and non-polar groups thus it is potential to be developed as a coating material for food packaging paper. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical-mechanical and antimicrobial properties of food packaging paper from oil palm empty fruit bunches pulp coated with chitosan. The parameters used were chitosan and pulp weight. The oil palm empty fruit bunch pulp was fibrillated with high speed blender then mixed with chitosan solution. The mixed solution was poured in the mold and dried in an oven at 60°C for 24 hours. The results showed that increasing of chitosan content was coated paper increased physical and mechanical properties values. The more pulp content the higher the physical properties value, however the mechanical properties value tend to decrease. The antimicrobial activity of chitosan coated paper was evaluated by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zones. The results revealed that all tested samples showed growth inhibition zone againts to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus after 24 h incubation compared to commercial food packaging paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
67. An investigation into the strength development of cement concrete blended with hypo sludge ash.
- Author
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Ingale, Sujata and Nemade, Pravin
- Subjects
- *
CONCRETE , *WASTE paper , *LIME (Minerals) , *CONCRETE mixing , *MAGNESIUM oxide , *CONCRETE additives , *CEMENT admixtures - Abstract
The study aims to produce concrete using various percentages of hypo-sludge ash (HAS) in place of cement. The waste paper sludge ash is composed of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide. Therefore, it can be tested as an innovative cement replacement, providing a solution for traditional concrete. For this study, the various proportions of ash used are 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight of cement. The mixed design carried out was as per the Indian standard code. The ingredients used for concrete making are cement, aggregates, hypo sludge ash (HSA), superplasticizer, and water. A test mix was carried out to check the behaviour of a concrete mix, and its physical and hardening properties were checked. Cube samples were cured for 3, 7, 14, and 28 days to check hardening properties. Experimental analysis shows that by replacing 5% cement with HSA, the strength results obtained are close to the reference concrete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
68. Utilization of solid waste pulp green liquor dregs and slaker grits from PT. Indah Kiat paper factory for brick making.
- Author
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Tamboesai, Emrizal Mahidin
- Subjects
BRICKS ,WASTE recycling ,SOLID waste ,PAPER mills ,GRITS ,INDUSTRIAL wastes - Abstract
Industrial waste is a by-product of industrial processes from waste material or building material. The study was conducted to analyze the used of solid waste pulp dreg and grits through chemical characterization to make bricks. In brick formation, the CaO content is very important because it functions as an adhesive and from its characterization shows the CaO content is 58.10% in dregs and 59.76% in grits. From the research method carried out by mixing dreg and slaker grit waste with other materials, the best results were obtained at the maximum value of the compressive strength of quality I brick is 7 Mpa (SNI; 3.5 Mpa). Characterization of material used Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and IR Prestige-21 instruments to analyze the chemical content of the waste. Universal Testing Machine (UTM) was used for compressive strength analysis using material strength when given a load with certain pressure. The result showed that the best which for bricks that lower water absorption and bricks that have large compressive strength value 7 Mpa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
69. A study on properties of ceiling board made from waste paper with urea-formaldehyde glue.
- Author
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Hamid, Nor Baizura, Ngadiman, Norhayati, Kaamin, Masiri, Mokhtar, Mardiha, Azmi, Mohamad Azim Mohammad, Abdullah, Noorul Hudai, and Ramli, Mohd Zakwan
- Subjects
- *
WASTE paper , *PAPER pulp , *CEILINGS , *CARDBOARD , *DRYWALL - Abstract
Asbestos and gypsum ceiling board, which recently used, possess certain health risks to humans other than being environmentally-unfriendly. This project aims to investigate the potential use of waste paper in the production of ceiling material to meet the aim of producing an eco-friendly and cost-effective product. The idea of replacing the raw materials to manufacture ceiling boards with the waste paper is to carry out to ascertain its suitability as ceiling board material. The waste paper pulp was sun-dried before mixed with UF adhesive and is compressed under pressure 204 kg/m2 under a temperature of 105°C. The tests conducted include density test, moisture content test, and water absorption test. Tabulated results have shown that the material is more lightweight and comparable moisture content compared to the asbestos and gypsum board material. With the same thickness, 500g of waste paper pulp compressed into a mold with a size 450 mm x 450 mm is more suitable to be commercialized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
70. Fabrication of Micro-fibrillated Cellulose Crystals for Recycled Paper Reinforcement and Application of Biocoat for Barrier Properties Improvement.
- Author
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Dingcong, Malachi Simon C. and Magdaluyo Jr., Eduardo R.
- Subjects
CELLULOSE ,RECYCLED paper ,CRYSTALS ,COTTON fibers ,NATURAL fibers ,TENSILE strength - Abstract
The micro-fibrillated cellulose crystals from natural cotton fiber via alkaline treatment and acid hydrolysis were explored as possible reinforcement in recycled paper to improve its mechanical properties. Results confirmed the characteristic properties and crystallinity of the obtained micro-fibrillated cellulose crystals. Reinforcement of the micro-fibrillated cellulose crystals in the production of recycled paper showed an improvement in the tensile strength compared to the recycled paper samples without reinforcement or even with kapok fiber/micro-fibrillated cellulose crystals combination. Further improvement on the barrier properties of the micro-fibrillated cellulose reinforced paper via biocoating made from chitosan/starch blend resulted to a 27.69% decrease of the water absorption capacity compared to uncoated sample using the Cobb test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
71. Production and decolorization of lignin from industrial waste of pulp and paper based on the coagulation method using poly aluminium chloride.
- Author
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Imalia, Calaelma Logys, Pramudono, Bambang, Priyanto, Slamet, Fatmawati, Rosemerry, and Tiurma, Maureen Yudith
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL wastes ,WASTE paper ,ALUMINUM chloride ,PAPER pulp ,SULFATE waste liquor ,INDUSTRIAL pollution ,COLOR removal in water purification ,LIGNIN structure - Abstract
Pulp and paper industrial waste or what is known as black liquor contains toxic contents, if not treated first, it can cause environmental pollution. So far, black liquor has only been used for the manufacture of biofuels and fuel for the paper industry, while 46% of lignin is the total solids in the black liquor component itself. This study aims to determine how much the percentage of decolorization of black liquor and producing lignin with bright colors using the coagulation method. The coagulant used in this study was Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC) with various concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%) v / v. The results showed that the coagulation method proved effective in decolorizing lignin made from black liquor as raw material. The optimum condition to obtain decolorization was 90.44% using 2% PAC coagulant concentration and the total retention time of 24 hours. In addition, FTIR was used to qualitatively analyze the sludge produced during the coagulation process, and the results showed that there are several different groups in the lignin unit. The lignin obtained using the coagulation method produces a brighter brown color, is insoluble in water and odorless with a yield of 38.3%, a pH of 1.68, a purity of 54.8%, and water content and an ash content of 0.2% and 27.2%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
72. Borassus Flabellifer L. Waste for Kraft Paper Production with Kraft Methods.
- Author
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Gabriel, Azmi Alvian and Mardhiyyah, Yunita Siti
- Subjects
KRAFT paper ,WASTE paper ,POLYVINYL acetate ,PRODUCTION methods ,SURFACE texture - Abstract
Borassus flabellifer L. becomes one of the palm-based commodities in Indonesia that can grow well in dry areas, especially around the north coast of Java Island. An abundant waste of this plant, in the form of leaf midrib and fruit fiber, has a potential as a source of lignocellulose for the paper industry. In the present study, Kraft paper production was conducted to know the influence of the proportion of leaf midrib and fruit fiber of Borassus flabellifer L., and the concentration of Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc) adhesives on the sensory and physical quality of Kraft paper. The research method was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors. The Friedman test was used to determine the sensory quality of Kraft paper. The ANOVA analysis was used to examine the physical quality of Kraft paper. The results showed that the treatment of raw material proportion and PVAc adhesive concentration had significant effect on color, surface texture, yield, and tensile resistance, but insignificant between treatment of Gramatur and tear resistance. The best treatment of sensory tests was Kraft paper with proportion of 50% leaf midrib pulp, 50% fruit fiber pulp, and 7.5% PVAc adhesive concentration. It has a yield value of 72.11%, Gramatur of 162.80 (g/m²), tensile strength of 1.70 (%), and tear resistance of 197.6 (gf). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
73. Autofluorescence quenching of filter paper using nickel oxide nanoparticles for biosensing.
- Author
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Kare, Siva Prakasam O., Kulkarni, Gaurav, Chaudhury, Koel, Das, Soumen, and KR, Aranganayagam
- Subjects
FILTER paper ,NANOPARTICLES ,BIOFLUORESCENCE ,NICKEL oxide ,NICKEL oxides ,COATING processes ,FLUORESCENCE ,HIGH temperatures - Abstract
Low cost disposable, paper chip has been fabricated by dip coating solution processed NiO nanoparticle on filter paper. NiO nanoparticles were prepared by a reliable, straightforward precipitation method and thermally decomposed at higher temperatures. Adsorbed NiO nanoparticles strongly modulate the fluorescence properties of filter paper leads to the quenching effect, due to the coverage of NiO nanoparticles on microfibrous cellulose filter paper. Bright field and fluorescence imaging were carried out with different concentrations of NiO nanoparticles, which shows efficient autofluorescence quenching of 90.02 % on the filter paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
74. Framework development of fabric drape evaluation: Paper weighing method transformed to digital image analysis technique.
- Author
-
Kamadi, Nur Rasyidah, Ghani, Suzaini Abdul, Yahya, Mohamad Faizul, Tulos, Najua, Yusof, Nur Ain, and Yusof, Nor Juliana Mohd
- Subjects
DIGITAL images ,IMAGE analysis ,DRAPERIES ,TEXTILES ,PAPER arts ,VALUATION of real property - Abstract
The drape is a fabric's ability to deform when suspended under its weight in specified conditions of known size using a Drape Meter. The Drape Coefficient % (DC%) is calculated by taking the weight of paper cut out based on the shadow of the fabric. A fabric property is very important in relating to the behavior of drapes and these factors were determined by earlier researchers in developing a tool to measure drape. The Cusiks's Drape Meter was the first equipment that used the principle of shadow in reflecting the drape behavior and later on calculating the DC%. The principle introduced by Cusick has been used by a lot of researchers to determine DC% more accurately using computer captured images. In recent years, a lot of research has moved forward using software to calculate the DC% by incorporating the values of fabric properties to create an image for the drape. A lot of work on comparing the values of DC% using conventional and simulated/virtual methods was published. The usage of particular software can predict the DC% before the actual production of fabrics. Prediction can be made based on physical properties needed on particular fabrics to be produced and thus saving a lot of time and giving more choices in fabrics selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
75. Design of science learning based on CoSpaces-Edu paper cube augmented reality through computational thinking approach.
- Author
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Taufiq, Muhamad, Nuswowati, Murbangun, Hartono, Hartono, and Widagdo, Pratama Bayu
- Subjects
AUGMENTED reality ,PROBLEM-based learning ,DESIGN science ,CUBES ,PROBLEM solving ,TWENTY-first century - Abstract
Computational thinking is a way of thinking for problem solving and is one of the basic skills of the 21st century that is very important to be applied in science learning as an effort to prepare for disruption in the industrial era 4.0 and society 5.0. This study aims to find a new method that has proven its effectiveness to apply problem solving skills. The Research and Development (R and D) method with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implementation and Evaluation) was carried out to develop a Problem Project Based Learning (PPjBL) model with a Computational Thinking (CT) approach based on CoSpaces-Edu Paper Cube Augmented Reality. This research has produced a product in the form of a Problem Project Based Learning (PPjBL) model with a Computational Thinking (CT) approach based on CoSpaces-Edu Paper Cube Augmented Reality which has been validated by experts on very feasible and effective criteria to be applied as a science learning design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
76. A systematic review of papers on guest satisfaction practices in food & beverage service department and its impact on customer satisfaction and retention
- Author
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Bisui, Ratan, primary, Uniyal, Mahesh Chandra, additional, and Sharma, Neha, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
77. Energy harvest cognitive radio networks (EH-CRNs): A review paper
- Author
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Samala, Srinivas, primary, Mishra, Subhashree, additional, and Singh, Sudhansu Sekhar, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
78. Developing an information system for filing and presenting graduate qualification papers of university students
- Author
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Glagolev, Vladimir, primary, Bazhenov, Ruslan, additional, Biymursaeva, Burulbubu, additional, Zhuravlev, Dmitrii, additional, Dolmatova, Olga, additional, and Bazhenova, Natalia, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
79. About methods of checking graduation qualifying papers for plagiarism
- Author
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Kutsyi, O. Y., primary, Tsibizova, T. Yu., additional, Komkova, T. Yu., additional, and Shevtsova, E. V., additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
80. Surface modification of cutting tool by multilayer coatings a-Review paper
- Author
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Asaad M., Wurood, primary, Al-Ethari, Haydar, additional, and Kareem, Shaimaa J., additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
81. A review paper: Forecasting of flood in Malaysia using machine learning
- Author
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Che Hamid, Hasmeda Erna, primary, Mat Razali, Noor Afiza, additional, Ismail, Mohd Nazri, additional, Khairuddin, Mohammad Adib, additional, and Mohd Isa, Mohd Rizal, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
82. Study of some physical and mechanical properties of paper sheets treated with different polymeric adhesive solution
- Author
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Lafta, Aya Sabah, primary and Al-Sarraf, Abdulhameed Raheem, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
83. Covid-19 analysis: A critique of a paper by Q. Lin
- Author
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Sharma, Bhanu, primary, Khurana, Pooja, additional, and Kumar, Deepak, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
84. A review paper on renewable energy source used for electric vehicle charging
- Author
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Naidu, R. Pavan Kumar, primary, Naseer, Shaik, additional, Vallapureddy, V. Indra Durga, additional, Surekha, Bhagya Sai, additional, and chandu, Siva, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
85. A review paper on security and trust management in an opportunistic network
- Author
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Mishra, Sushil Kumar, primary and Gupta, Ruchika, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
86. Performance and emission evaluation of mahua oil biodiesel blends in a common rail direct injection diesel engine.
- Author
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Chandrasekharan, Thiagarajan, Muthuswamy, Prabhahar, Jayapalan, Senthil, Balsing, Samuvel Michael, Sekar, Prakash, and Kuppuswami, Surendrababu
- Subjects
DIESEL motors ,PARTICULATE matter ,SOOT ,CARBON monoxide ,CARBON emissions ,FILTER paper ,POLLUTION - Abstract
Five fuels were tested in a common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engine to see how they affected soot particle distribution and the engine's controlled and unregulated emission characteristics (M15, M25, and M35). The findings demonstrated that regulated emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and particulate matter (PM) could be efficiently controlled to a very low level when mahua oil biodiesel (MOB) in diesel was utilized in conjunction with ideal engine working situations. Paper filters were employed to remove diesel dust. Entire particulate matter main particles were < 100 nm in width, with the average diameter for the biodiesel mixes falling among 20 and 26 nm. PM particles had uncontrolled emissions including Pb, Mn, and Ba, while M100 had 56.72% fewer xylene emissions, 22.49% fewer toluene emissions, and 19.45% fewer benzene emissions compared to M0. As a result, MOB is a wonderful option for reducing pollution from diesel engines and other sources, both in the form of controlled and unregulated emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
87. Paper Watermark Imaging using Electron and Low Energy X-ray Radiography.
- Author
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Zhan Zhang, Ewert, Uwe, Barrett, Timothy D., and Bond, Leonard J.
- Subjects
WATERMARKS ,RADIOGRAPHY ,MEDICAL digital radiography ,RADIOGRAPHIC films ,X-rays ,ELECTRONIC paper - Abstract
Historians and librarians are interested in watermarks and mould surface patterns in historic papers, because they represent the “fingerprints” of antique papers. However, these features are usually covered or hidden by printing, writing or other media. Different techniques have been developed to extract the watermarks in the paper while avoiding interference from media on the paper. Beta radiography provides good results, but this method cannot be widely used because of radiation safety regulations and the long exposure times required due to weak isotope sources employed. In this work, two promising methods are compared which can be used to extract digital high-resolution images for paper watermarks and these are electron radiography and low energy X-ray radiography. For electron radiography a “sandwich” of a lead sheet, the paper object, and a film in a dark cassette, is formed and it is exposed at higher X-ray potentials (> 300 kV). The photoelectrons escaping from the lead sheet penetrate the paper and expose the film. After development, the film captures the watermark and mould surface pattern images for the paper being investigated. These images are then digitized using an X-ray film digitizer. The film employed could potentially be replaced by a special type of imaging plate with a very thin protection layer to directly generate digital images using computed radiography (CR). For the second method, a low energy X-ray source is used with the specimen paper placed on a digital detector array (DDA). This method directly generates a low energy digital radiography (DR) image. Both methods provide high quality images without interference from the printing media, and provide the potential to generate a “fingerprint” database for historical papers. There were nevertheless found to be differences in the images obtained using the two methods. The second method, using a low energy X-ray source, has the potential to be integrated in a portable device with a small footprint incorporating user safety requirements. Differences obtained using the two methods are shown and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
88. The impact of information technology on fake news.
- Author
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Karnyoto, Andrea Stevens, Sun, Chengjie, Liu, Bingquan, Wang, Xiaolong, and Masiku, Hendrianto
- Subjects
INFORMATION technology ,FAKE news ,SOCIAL media ,DEEP learning ,COACHING psychology ,REINFORCEMENT learning ,TOILET paper - Abstract
Fake news is false or misleading information presented as news. False stories tend to spread farther, faster, and more broadly than true stories. Some individuals and organizations intentionally applied misleading information for certain benefits. The internet goes quickly, mobile devices became popular, and social media users grow more significant in number, make no boundaries world and connect every user. As a result, information circulates in immense numbers makes to handle fake news manually is impossible. Fake news also affects human psychology. Hoax related to how to cure COVID-19 and the lack of toilet paper has led to casualties and riots. Fake news potentially differs in writing technique compare to real information. In this paper, we discussed a few studies related to fake news detection. Their algorithm can capture writing style in content viz lexicon, syntax, semantic, and discourse. Also, those studies implemented user-based, content-based, and social context-based. It used machine learning, deep learning, and reinforcement learning. Furthermore, education plays a vital role in making people understand the impact of fake news. Itis necessary to do a campaign for all internet users. The national government necessity collaborates with society implement the particular rule for better internet environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
89. Investigation of surface free energy of palm oil-based offset printing ink on coated paper.
- Author
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Suryadi, Gema Sukmawati, Nikmatin, Siti, Susiani, Susiani, and Setyaningsih, Dwi
- Subjects
OFFSET printing ,PRINTING ink ,SURFACE energy ,FREE surfaces ,LINSEED oil ,VEGETABLE oils ,FATTY acid methyl esters - Abstract
The widely use of petroleum-derived mineral oils for the production of offset printing inks has resulted in several environmental impacts. The suitable approach to develop alternative resources is palm oil fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) as a substitute for petroleum-based solvent. This study aimed to investigate the surface properties of palm oil-based offset ink on gloss-coated paper surfaces in terms of printability. The "green" varnishes were prepared with palm oil FAME as solvent, rosin-modified phenolic resin, and different vegetable oils linseed oil (FAME-LO) and soybean oil (FAME-SO) have been used as drying oils. The FAME-based Cyan offset printing inks have been prepared their properties compared with standard conventional inks. Printing tests were carried out using the IGT-A2 printability tester. Contact angles of water, methanol, and hexane on the surface of printed ink were measured using Contact Angle Analyzer. The surface free energy (SFE) and its components were calculated using Girifalco-Good-Fowkes-Young, Owens-Wendt, and van Oss-Chaudhury-Good methods. The results showed that as the liquid contact angle increased, the surface energy decreased. The surface energy of FAME-SO ink printed samples 36.36 mJ/m2 was higher than the unprinted paper 35.84 mJ/m2. Since high surface energy will affect the bond strength of the ink to the substrate, this will be an advantage for multicolor prints requiring good ink adhesion, which will enlarge the acceptance of other colors to be printed on the previous color. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
90. Review paper of two-phase flow boiling pressure drop in propane refrigeration system.
- Author
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Virgian, Edo Widi and Pamitran, Agus S.
- Subjects
MICROCHANNEL flow ,PRESSURE drop (Fluid dynamics) ,TWO-phase flow ,ANNULAR flow ,HEAT transfer coefficient ,REYNOLDS number ,HEAT exchanger equipment - Abstract
This paper is about paper or journal review of two-phase flow boiling pressure drop in propane (R290) refrigeration system and summarized several researches that will useful in terms of HVAC-R equipment especially in heat exchanger i.e., evaporator design. Early researcher has been conducted research with respect to the channel dimension (diameter and aspect ratio) as in Coleman (2000). Recent research of flow boiling with combined parameters such as heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and pressure drop shown that some parameters affected pressure drop inside unconventional channel (mini and microchannel) such as superficial vapor velocity, mass quality, mass flux, heat flux, saturation temperature (and pressure), and Reynolds number where flow regime of the pressure drop are mostly annular flow, intermittent flow, slug and churn flow but less or few of them found a relation of channel dimension i.e. diameter and aspect ratio towards two-phase flow pressure drop (as in Coleman (2000)). It is recommended that for further study and research, study of two-phase flow boiling pressure drop must conduct in the unconventional channel such as minichannel or microchannel i.e., capillary tube and incorporate Reynolds number of the flow (both vapor and liquid), channel dimension (diameter and aspect ratio), surface tension, and shear stress influence from two-phase flow fluid and then plot the data to the recent and or existed flow pattern map of any flow regimes especially to the refrigerants ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
91. Economical - eco friendly bricks manufactured using waste papers under different curing conditions.
- Author
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Sangeetha, S. P., Divahar, R., Raj, P. S. Aravind, Ganesan, K., Harikrishnan, S, and Vijayan, D S
- Subjects
WASTE paper ,CONSTRUCTION materials ,BRICKS ,COMPOSITE materials ,HYDROTHERAPY ,CONCRETE waste - Abstract
Severe Environmental problems arises across the world due to accumulation of paper waste as landfills large quantity of resources are being utilised by the construction sector, creating a huge demand for construction materials. This paper presents an experimental study carried out by utilising waste paper in concrete Bricks which is a new innovation composite material. An experimental study on compaction strength, weight, water absorption characteristics subjected to sun dried and water curing methods of casting were studied in details. It was observed that usage of paper in concrete has good strength, toughness, has reduction in weight of the brick considerably and also had a low thermal conductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
92. Analysis of influencing factors on nip width of machine calendar used in paper industry.
- Author
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Kanth, Neel, Ray, A. K., and Sharma, Rajesh
- Subjects
FACTOR analysis ,PAPER industry ,CALENDAR ,ROLLING (Metalwork) ,SURFACE properties - Abstract
Machine calendaring is a finishing operation used in paper industry during which paper web is pressed between two or more steel rolls, with an objective to improve the surface properties like smoothness and gloss of the paper web. In this study an attempt has been made to develop modified nip mechanics model, which overcomes the drawbacks of existing nip mechanics models, applicable for machine calendaring in paper industry for calculating nip width. Also the effect of various calendaring parameters on nip width of machine calendar has been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
93. Effect of hydrogen peroxide bleaching duration on Sesbania grandiflora pulp.
- Author
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Liew, Jing Xian, Loh, Chek Swee, Boon, Jia Geng, Apalasamy, Suganthi, Liew, Jeng Young, Nadhari, Wan Noor Aidawati Wan, and Leh, Cheu Peng
- Subjects
SESBANIA ,WATER pollution ,PAPER pulp ,OPTICAL properties ,RAW materials - Abstract
Chlorine-based bleaching agent can brighten the pulp effectively, but it harms the environment, especially water pollution. Thus, hydrogen peroxide, a total chlorine-free (TCF) bleaching agent is applied in this research to bleach pulp derived from Sesbania grandiflora. Sesbania grandiflora is being chosen as raw material due to its ideal characteristics as pulp source and native in Malaysia. This research aims to determine the effects of hydrogen peroxide on Sesbania grandiflora pulp and evaluate the paper properties made from Sesbania grandiflora pulp. The research was carried under different bleaching durations, 20 minutes, 40 minutes and 60 minutes under a constant temperature of 50°C and 3% concentration of hydrogen peroxide. The physical, optical and mechanical properties of Sesbania handsheet were measured according to the standard TAPPI. The overall result presented a significant effect on kappa number and handsheet brightness but little on mechanical properties. The longer bleaching duration gave the least kappa number of the Sesbania pulp, thus, improving the brightness of the Sesbania handsheet. However, it did not affect the strength properties of the handsheet. In this research, 60 minutes of bleaching duration on Sesbania grandiflora pulp exhibits the optimal bleaching performance without compromising paper mechanical properties significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
94. Conversion of Paper Waste to Bioethanol Using Selected Enzyme Combination (Cellulase and Cellobiase) through Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation.
- Author
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Darmawan, Muhammad Arif, Hermawan, Yulis Aswar, Samsuri, M., and Gozan, Misri
- Subjects
ETHANOL as fuel ,CELLULASE ,WASTE paper ,RENEWABLE energy sources ,FERMENTATION ,ENZYMES ,COLOR removal in water purification - Abstract
One of the relatively inexpensive alternative energy sources in terms of production and relatively environment friendly was the development of bioethanol from urban wastes that contain many lignocellulose such as paper waste. This study characterizes the composition of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in blank HVS paper, inked HVS and newspaper. The results showed the predominate cellulose (49-60 %) while the lignin concentration was very low due to the removal of colors (lignin) in the manufacturing process. The experiments continued with synthesis of bioethanol through Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) process. A combination of enzymes (Cellulase + Cellobiase) in 1:1 weight ratio and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used for hydrolysis and fermentation in the SSF process. Paper waste from newspapers, inked HVS, and empty HVS papers were used as raw materials. The initial pH of SSF in the column was at pH 5. Variation of enzyme concentration was carried at 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 g. The SSF process was carried out at incubation time of 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, and 96 hours. The ink affected the concentration of bioethanol produced. In this study, the best bioethanol content was produced by inked HVS and Newspapers at 0.5 grams of enzyme with a concentration of 1531 and 1111 ppm, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
95. Digital skills to enhance engineering.
- Author
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Irons, Alastair
- Subjects
- *
CAREER development , *ELECTRONIC paper , *ENGINEERS , *EDUCATIONAL accreditation , *REQUIREMENTS engineering - Abstract
The professional skills required to be a successful engineer continue to grow and expand as the engineering disciplines evolve. In the United Kingdom, the Engineering Council has released the latest version of the Accreditation of Higher Education Programmes (AHEP). AHEP4 as it has become known covers a wide range of topics central to engineering disciplines. As well as traditional core professional and subject requirements for engineering this document introduces challenges for the future such as sustainability, EDI, and cybersecurity. In addition, there is an expectation that appropriate digital skills for engineers form part of the toolkit for engineers as they move towards chartered engineering status. This paper discusses the digital skills that will enable engineers to develop their skill set as engineering professionals, enhance their employability by developing digital skills in the context of their engineering specialism and ensure that they have the digital skills to enable their activities to contribute to the betterment of society. In the paper the work done to embed digital skills in the engineering curriculum will be discussed. We will then go on to discuss the work done with engineering employers to identify the digital skills expectations for graduates entering employment and finally how the continued professional development process for digital skills can be embraced as engineers move through their careers. The session will conclude with a discussion on how colleagues from the UK and from Malaysia can work together to develop a framework to support engineers in developing their digital skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
96. The continuity of local built environment case in design of neo vernacular concept.
- Author
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Mutiari, Dhani and Permana, Alvian Bayu
- Subjects
BUILT environment ,VERNACULAR architecture ,ARCHITECTURAL style ,LOCAL culture ,PAPER products ,EXPERTISE - Abstract
Neo vernacular is a modern architectural style inspired by traditional vernacular buildings. The concept of neo vernacular architecture is a continuance of the Klaten people's ancient identity as part of Javanese culture, particularly in Central Java. One technique to construct architectural works founded in the local culture is to look for values rooted in Javanese culture. This paper is the product of a final project whose goal is to develop a sustainable architectural identity in Klaten based on local wisdom, which will be applied to the "nadir" transit hotel. This transit hotel should be able to accomplish the goal and objective of a successful Klaten city with devoted, intelligent, autonomous, and cultural citizens. The location, 53 meters south of Klaten Station, is one type of development of supporting facilities for the commuter line scheme. This is one of the KAI activities at Klaten Station that attempts to make it easier for visitors to obtain long-term support. Folk architecture gives rise to vernacular architecture, which evolves from it. It arose from and was entrenched in the ethnic community's traditions, and skilled craftsmen built it with years of expertise. The gunungan and Klaten limasan house concept is an alternative that is integrated with contemporary design to create a transit hotel with a character that may reflect the city of Klaten's identity as an independent and cultured district. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
97. Saccharification of pretreated empty bunch by concentrated xylanase and assisted by cellulase.
- Author
-
Wijaya, Hans, Kahar, Prihardi, Sasaki, Kengo, Rahmani, Nanik, Hermiati, Euis, Yopi, Ogino, Chiaki, Prasetya, Bambang, Simarmata, Rumella, Christita, Margaretta, and Kondo, Akihiko
- Subjects
CELLULASE ,XYLANASES ,MEMBRANE separation ,ETHANOL ,LIGNOCELLULOSE ,FILTER paper ,SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae ,NANOFILTRATION - Abstract
The effect of the membrane separation process to concentrate the xylanase was tested to restrict cellulase dosage on the lignocellulosic waste. Xylanase produced from Streptomyces lividans expressing an endo-xylanase gene from Kitasatospora sp. was concentrated by nanofiltration membrane NTR-7410. This resulted in a seven-fold increase in xylanase activity without changing its specific activity. The saccharification of dilute acid-pretreated empty fruit bunch (EFB) was performed by applying membrane-concentrated xylanase compared with its un-concentrated to commercial cellulase loaded at one filter paper unit/g-biomass. Both glucose and xylose yields obtained by using concentrated xylanase (19.49% and 41.51%, respectively) were higher compared to un-concentrated xylanase (11.71% and 28.71%, respectively). Xylose-assimilating Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast at initial of 0.5 g/L was then inoculated into the sugar solutions. The yeast had increased ethanol titer and productivity from sugars obtained by using membrane-concentrated xylanase (7.13±0.60 g/L and 0.59±0.06 g/L/h, respectively), compared by using un-concentrated xylanase (4.56±0.43 g/L and 0.38±0.02 g/L/h, respectively). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
98. A thermal insulator manufacturing, using solid residuals from pulp and paper factories in Missan City
- Author
-
Allamy, Waleed Khalaf Jabbar, primary and Al-Najati, Ibrahim Ali Hameed, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
99. Homogeneity of papercrete with 10% waste paper substitution using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV)
- Author
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Handika, Nuraziz, primary, Rafky, M., additional, Danifaro, S., additional, Tjahjono, Elly, additional, and Arijoeni, Essy, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
100. A few observations on the paper “Maximum distance in graphs”
- Author
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Sarma, K. V. S., primary, Rao, I. H. Nagaraja, additional, Ramesh, D., additional, and Sajja, Venkata Subrahmanyam, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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