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Low cost disposable, paper chip has been fabricated by dip coating solution processed NiO nanoparticle on filter paper. NiO nanoparticles were prepared by a reliable, straightforward precipitation method and thermally decomposed at higher temperatures. Adsorbed NiO nanoparticles strongly modulate the fluorescence properties of filter paper leads to the quenching effect, due to the coverage of NiO nanoparticles on microfibrous cellulose filter paper. Bright field and fluorescence imaging were carried out with different concentrations of NiO nanoparticles, which shows efficient autofluorescence quenching of 90.02 % on the filter paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asbestos and gypsum ceiling board, which recently used, possess certain health risks to humans other than being environmentally-unfriendly. This project aims to investigate the potential use of waste paper in the production of ceiling material to meet the aim of producing an eco-friendly and cost-effective product. The idea of replacing the raw materials to manufacture ceiling boards with the waste paper is to carry out to ascertain its suitability as ceiling board material. The waste paper pulp was sun-dried before mixed with UF adhesive and is compressed under pressure 204 kg/m2 under a temperature of 105°C. The tests conducted include density test, moisture content test, and water absorption test. Tabulated results have shown that the material is more lightweight and comparable moisture content compared to the asbestos and gypsum board material. With the same thickness, 500g of waste paper pulp compressed into a mold with a size 450 mm x 450 mm is more suitable to be commercialized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulp and paper industrial waste or what is known as black liquor contains toxic contents, if not treated first, it can cause environmental pollution. So far, black liquor has only been used for the manufacture of biofuels and fuel for the paper industry, while 46% of lignin is the total solids in the black liquor component itself. This study aims to determine how much the percentage of decolorization of black liquor and producing lignin with bright colors using the coagulation method. The coagulant used in this study was Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC) with various concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%) v / v. The results showed that the coagulation method proved effective in decolorizing lignin made from black liquor as raw material. The optimum condition to obtain decolorization was 90.44% using 2% PAC coagulant concentration and the total retention time of 24 hours. In addition, FTIR was used to qualitatively analyze the sludge produced during the coagulation process, and the results showed that there are several different groups in the lignin unit. The lignin obtained using the coagulation method produces a brighter brown color, is insoluble in water and odorless with a yield of 38.3%, a pH of 1.68, a purity of 54.8%, and water content and an ash content of 0.2% and 27.2%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to increase energy security or to reduce diesel engine exhaust emissions, the use of biodiesel fuel is continuously increased. This effort is carried out by increasing the composition of biodiesel in the biodiesel blends. One of other considerations regarding the use high composition biodiesel blends above 20% (B20) is the concern of fuel filter blockage or shorten the life time. Various efforts have been done to overcome filter blocking problems due to the use of biodiesel, so that mitigation can be carried out. One of the evaluations of the effect of using palm oil biodiesel with a high composition above 20% has been carried out by acceleration testing in a test rig with additional dust contaminants. The test used fuel filter paper with a porosity of 30 micron with variations in the composition of the test fuel, namely pure diesel/B0 (Pertadex), B30, B50 and B70. The test was carried out by flowing the test fuels through filter paper in a DENSO standard test rig in temperature ambient (around 29°C). Filter blocking was recorded by the differential pressure (delta pressure) between before and after of the test filter paper. The results show that for the pure diesel and biodiesel blends without any contaminants, there is no increase in the differential pressure. Otherwise, for the addition of 3 grams of contaminants per 15 liters of test fuels, a higher biodiesel composition will result in a faster increase in the filter differential pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paper-making raw materials are a mixture of pure wood pulp and recycled pulp. Recycled pulp is obtained from used paper imported from abroad, in addition to the development of paperless culture also has an impact on the reduced availability of raw materials. Empty bunch fiber of palm oil is one of the natural materials that have the potential to be used as an alternative to a pulp for the manufacture of cardboard paper because it has a high holocellulose content. This study has successfully developed cardboard paper developed from oil palm empty fruit bunch pulp with 6 variations of treatment, steam, no steam, NaOH 2.5%, NaOH 5% and mill duration (20 minutes and 30 minutes). The developed cardboard paper is then tested for its water absorbency. Water Absorbency value testing is done by the Cobb method (60). Based on the test results obtained the water absorption values is in the range of 500 - 600 g/m2. Cartons that received treatment, no steam, added NaOH 2.5%, and milled for 30 minutes, has the lowest water absorption value compared to others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to identify journals, authors, and papers related to influencer marketing and its applications within five years (2018-2022). It uses bibliometric methods and the Scopus database to identify 144 documents in journal articles and conference proceedings. The results showed that more than 85% were journal articles, and the rest were conference papers. During this period, 359 authors were found, with 16 authors being single authors and 343 authors being multiple authors. Despite the relatively small number of articles, the number of citations reached 2518 in Scopus, and the average number of citations per article was 19.26. Liselot Hudders, with four publications affiliated with Universiteit Gent, Ghent, Belgium, was the main contributor to this study. Regarding sources, the Journal of Digital and Social Media Marketing ranked her at the top of the five most essential sources for research on influencer marketing. The results show that "social media" is the top keyphrases and will continue to grow from 2017 until its peak in 2022. It was followed by "social media marketing" and "Instagram." These three are the most important keywords during this period, which allows us to see the development trend of influencer marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main problem that the society is facing now-a-days is the tedious process which are involved in disposal and handling the huge quantities of food and paper waste generated in India. The waste is discarded or fired, in roads which cause air pollution, a harmful gas, land pollution, smoke, particulates and residue may enter in to a water resource. Since these pollute the environment, these wastes are utilized efficiently and converted in to a useful product which must be eco-friendly. This current research is to produce lactic acid (LA) using various type of wastes such as food and paper sludge. Since LA can be synthesized only by two methods; one is chemical synthesis where natural sources such as petroleum, coal and natural gas are mainly used as a substrate. Another one is microbial synthesis in which carbohydrates such as sugar or starch is converted in to an alcohol or an acid. Most probably, both bacterial and fungal species are used and about 70-80% uses fermentation for the manufacture of Lactic acid. The mixed culture medium of lactobacillus delbrueckii and streptococcus. Sp strain shows highly efficient utilization of substrate. Since Solid state fermentation (SSF) has a possible technology for the synthesis of products related to microbial. This process has minimum energy needs, generates less waste and is eco-friendly. Various parameters such as substrate concentration, temperature likewise other parameters which influence the yield will be varied. The product obtained will be estimated further using HPLC. Overall, the result indicates that bio-waste might be an appropriate substrate for the synthesis of lactic acid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, induction machines can be considered the backbone of various industrial applications due to the many characteristics such as rigidity, simplicity, high reliability, and low maintenance that can be manufactured for a long time. However, poor efficiency and power factor and increased amounts of torque ripple and losses significantly impact the performance and hence its efficiency. Therefore, in order to improve the performance of induction machines, the special design topology for stator and rotor configurations must be investigated and correctly estimated. This paper presents the analysis of the variable geometries of the cage's rotating bars. More specifically, the influence of dimensions and positions, as well as the shapes of the rotor rods, have a significant impact on the dynamic performance (developed torque, starting torque, ripple torque, starting current, power factor, harmonics, output power, and efficiency) are investigated. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to create the optimum designs as well as calculations are used to optimize the shapes of rotor slots in order to improve starting performance characteristics such as starting current, initial torque, magnetic flux connection under starting conditions, and efficiency. Furthermore, the characteristic of the manufacturing material of the rotor are examined, and methods to reduce losses for an induction motor to enhance efficiency are examined. This paper focuses on the squirrel cage induction motor (SCIM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid development of the industrial sector has increased either energy demand or generate a tremendous effect on waste piles. To combat the issue of poor sanitation due to waste accumulation and multiply the energy sources, the government promotes energy diversification, particularly dealing with waste management. This study aims to recycle plastic waste, paper waste and sawdust into solid fuel briquettes while observing their physical and combustion properties. Briquette production is carried out by combining waste of plastics and sawdust with binding agents, such as paper pulp and cassava starch. These materials were mixed with water, being compacted and conventionally dried under the sunlight. Solid briquette was then tested for calorific value, moisture content and volatile matter to ensure the effectiveness of combustion. The results show that the modified composition of plastic and paper with the ratio of 3:1 is physically sturdy with minor cracks, has a greater calorific value of 6801.62 Cal/gr, low moisture content (4.73%) and volatile matter (5.50%). The modified composition of paper: plastic: sawdust with the ratio of 1:1:1 exhibits more sturdy stuff, with a calorific value of 4565.47 Cal/ gr, low moisture content (1.85%) but high volatile matter (34.07%). Waste conversion to solid fuel briquette can be utilized as future green energy alternative in any major cities of Indonesia. A modified mixture of plastic : paper waste is more prone to transmit the heat despite having less capability to ignite, while the mixture of sawdust : paper is more prone to ignite despite having less capability to store and dismiss the heat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Historians and librarians are interested in watermarks and mould surface patterns in historic papers, because they represent the “fingerprints” of antique papers. However, these features are usually covered or hidden by printing, writing or other media. Different techniques have been developed to extract the watermarks in the paper while avoiding interference from media on the paper. Beta radiography provides good results, but this method cannot be widely used because of radiation safety regulations and the long exposure times required due to weak isotope sources employed. In this work, two promising methods are compared which can be used to extract digital high-resolution images for paper watermarks and these are electron radiography and low energy X-ray radiography. For electron radiography a “sandwich” of a lead sheet, the paper object, and a film in a dark cassette, is formed and it is exposed at higher X-ray potentials (> 300 kV). The photoelectrons escaping from the lead sheet penetrate the paper and expose the film. After development, the film captures the watermark and mould surface pattern images for the paper being investigated. These images are then digitized using an X-ray film digitizer. The film employed could potentially be replaced by a special type of imaging plate with a very thin protection layer to directly generate digital images using computed radiography (CR). For the second method, a low energy X-ray source is used with the specimen paper placed on a digital detector array (DDA). This method directly generates a low energy digital radiography (DR) image. Both methods provide high quality images without interference from the printing media, and provide the potential to generate a “fingerprint” database for historical papers. There were nevertheless found to be differences in the images obtained using the two methods. The second method, using a low energy X-ray source, has the potential to be integrated in a portable device with a small footprint incorporating user safety requirements. Differences obtained using the two methods are shown and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industrial waste is a by-product of industrial processes from waste material or building material. The study was conducted to analyze the used of solid waste pulp dreg and grits through chemical characterization to make bricks. In brick formation, the CaO content is very important because it functions as an adhesive and from its characterization shows the CaO content is 58.10% in dregs and 59.76% in grits. From the research method carried out by mixing dreg and slaker grit waste with other materials, the best results were obtained at the maximum value of the compressive strength of quality I brick is 7 Mpa (SNI; 3.5 Mpa). Characterization of material used Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and IR Prestige-21 instruments to analyze the chemical content of the waste. Universal Testing Machine (UTM) was used for compressive strength analysis using material strength when given a load with certain pressure. The result showed that the best which for bricks that lower water absorption and bricks that have large compressive strength value 7 Mpa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The drape is a fabric's ability to deform when suspended under its weight in specified conditions of known size using a Drape Meter. The Drape Coefficient % (DC%) is calculated by taking the weight of paper cut out based on the shadow of the fabric. A fabric property is very important in relating to the behavior of drapes and these factors were determined by earlier researchers in developing a tool to measure drape. The Cusiks's Drape Meter was the first equipment that used the principle of shadow in reflecting the drape behavior and later on calculating the DC%. The principle introduced by Cusick has been used by a lot of researchers to determine DC% more accurately using computer captured images. In recent years, a lot of research has moved forward using software to calculate the DC% by incorporating the values of fabric properties to create an image for the drape. A lot of work on comparing the values of DC% using conventional and simulated/virtual methods was published. The usage of particular software can predict the DC% before the actual production of fabrics. Prediction can be made based on physical properties needed on particular fabrics to be produced and thus saving a lot of time and giving more choices in fabrics selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computational thinking is a way of thinking for problem solving and is one of the basic skills of the 21st century that is very important to be applied in science learning as an effort to prepare for disruption in the industrial era 4.0 and society 5.0. This study aims to find a new method that has proven its effectiveness to apply problem solving skills. The Research and Development (R and D) method with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implementation and Evaluation) was carried out to develop a Problem Project Based Learning (PPjBL) model with a Computational Thinking (CT) approach based on CoSpaces-Edu Paper Cube Augmented Reality. This research has produced a product in the form of a Problem Project Based Learning (PPjBL) model with a Computational Thinking (CT) approach based on CoSpaces-Edu Paper Cube Augmented Reality which has been validated by experts on very feasible and effective criteria to be applied as a science learning design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the fabrication and high-temperature mechanical properties of functionally graded materials (FGM) based on preceramic papers with Ti3Si(Al)C2 and Ti3Al(Si)C2 powder fillers. The FGMs with different architectures were fabricated by spark plasma sintering at a temperature of 1050°C and a pressure of 50 MPa. Mechanical testing of composites at 25℃ and 1050℃ demonstrated the brittle to plastic transition of fracture mechanism. At 1050 ℃ FGMs demonstrated strain for up to 1.5 % and flexural strength about 200 MPa. Due to migration of Al from A-site of MAX-phases and formation of Al2O3 a crack healing was noted after high-temperature mechanical tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Open graded friction course (OGFC) mixtures are generally utilised as an overlay layer on existing pavement layers at thicknesses of up to 50 mm. They are designed with open aggregate skeletons to mitigate noise impact, reduce spray and splash, and minimise night glare. They have also gained widespread popularity worldwide as a result of features such as slip resistance, water permeability, and urban heat reduction. However, despite these advantages, their design structure is somewhat weak due to the high proportion of large gradient gravel content with a lack of smaller particle gradations. In addition to creating air voids of up to 22%, these can cause bitumen and filler to drain down, which is considered one of the main problems of such mixtures. Several researchers have thus attempted to modify the properties of such mixtures by using additives to strengthen the asphalt bond, with improvement sought by adding polymer materials, fiber, or similar additives as additional soft materials. In this study, waste paper fiber (W-PF) was added after being picked to a small size, as this additive has not been used in previous research, in this area and offers both environmental and economic advantages. This was added to the binder at percentages of 0.3%, 0.5% and 0.7% by weight, and the performance of each mix was checked with respect to volumetric properties (air voids, bulk density, porosity and permeability) and mechanical properties (Cantabro wear loss (CL), skid resistance and indirect tensile strength (ITS)). The results show that incorporating W-PF into the asphalt binder generally improves the mixture's performance. With respect to volumetric scales, it leads to higher values of porosity, air voids, and permeability, with improvements of around 14%, 10%, and 31%, respectively, at 0.7% W-PF by weight of binder. As the paper dose increases, the bulk density decreases, and the mechanical characteristics such as skid resistance and ITS increase, by roughly 38% and 24%, respectively, at 0.7% W-PF. Using W-PF in the right proportions to stabilise neat asphalt for OGFC mixes thus appears promising as a long-term solution to several issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We extend the inventory lot-size model in this paper to allow for products to deteriorate at variable rates, and demand is characterized by any log concave function of time that fulfils relatively mild criteria. Partial backlogging is possible with this model. The backlogging rate is a time-dependent, exponentially declining function provided by a parameter. We show that not only does the optimal replacement schedule exist, but that it is also unique. We also show that the inventory system's overall cost is a convex function of the number of replenishments. As a result, identifying a local minimum simplifies the search for the best number of replenishments. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Severe Environmental problems arises across the world due to accumulation of paper waste as landfills large quantity of resources are being utilised by the construction sector, creating a huge demand for construction materials. This paper presents an experimental study carried out by utilising waste paper in concrete Bricks which is a new innovation composite material. An experimental study on compaction strength, weight, water absorption characteristics subjected to sun dried and water curing methods of casting were studied in details. It was observed that usage of paper in concrete has good strength, toughness, has reduction in weight of the brick considerably and also had a low thermal conductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Machine calendaring is a finishing operation used in paper industry during which paper web is pressed between two or more steel rolls, with an objective to improve the surface properties like smoothness and gloss of the paper web. In this study an attempt has been made to develop modified nip mechanics model, which overcomes the drawbacks of existing nip mechanics models, applicable for machine calendaring in paper industry for calculating nip width. Also the effect of various calendaring parameters on nip width of machine calendar has been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital transformations are happening rigorously across all industries during this IR 4.0 era in almost every developing and developed country. In particular, healthcare sectors are digitally transforming to improve their services. This article is part of Oman's healthcare sector's digital transformation initiatives. The objective of this article is to study the digital transformation in the healthcare sectors of various countries. The outcomes will be used as inputs for digital transformations of Oman's health sectors. Research papers on digital transformation in healthcare sectors from Indonesia, UAE, Saudi Arabia, USA, and Brazil were reviewed. The main observations of this review are the main challenges of digital transformations in healthcare, the recommendations to overcome these challenges, and the value creation processes. Apart from this, other important insights are drawn from this study such as examples of digital transformation frameworks in healthcare sectors, digital transformation metrics, details of widely used healthcare applications, technology adoption methods or plans, and skills development plans for healthcare professionals. This study's outcomes will be taken into account and the relevant insights will be integrated into Oman's digital transformation framework for healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of facial recognition method has spread to many different industries, most notably smart attendance systems. But one major obstacle these systems must overcome is spoofing, which is the practice of people trying to trick the system by utilizing counterfeit or modified photos or videos. In the context of a smart attendance framework, this paper presents a smart anti-spoofing mechanism that can distinguish amongst real and fake faces with accuracy. The system that has been developed entails the generation of datasets that contain both actual and fake facial photos and videos, in addition to the application of a feature extraction and classification pipeline that is driven by deep learning. Furthermore, a number of data augmentation techniques, including translation, scaling, and rotation, are used to improve the effectiveness of the suggested system against different spoofing strategies. Empirical results show that these strategies support increased accuracy and durability in thwarting various spoofing attack types. With a 97% recognition rate overall, our anti-spoofing/mocking technology affords a stable and secure foundation for intelligent attendance systems. The study emphasizes how effective it is to create a strong anti-spoofing system specifically for keen attendance applications by integrating deep learning and soft computing models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attendance monitoring is an essential task for any organization and traditional methods such as pen and paper or electronic card systems have their limitations with advancements. The proposed model is a real time face presence monitoring system using Raspberry Pi. The system captures image of individuals using camera and processes the images using deep learning algorithms to detect faces. These faces are then matched against a pre-existing database of known individuals. Door interlock controls add an extra layer of security, ensuring that only authorized person have access to restricted areas. The system provides a user-friendly interface to view everyone's attendance records and generate attendance management reports. The proposed system provides a reliable and accurate solutions for attendance tracking and can be used in various organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the relatively inexpensive alternative energy sources in terms of production and relatively environment friendly was the development of bioethanol from urban wastes that contain many lignocellulose such as paper waste. This study characterizes the composition of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in blank HVS paper, inked HVS and newspaper. The results showed the predominate cellulose (49-60 %) while the lignin concentration was very low due to the removal of colors (lignin) in the manufacturing process. The experiments continued with synthesis of bioethanol through Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) process. A combination of enzymes (Cellulase + Cellobiase) in 1:1 weight ratio and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used for hydrolysis and fermentation in the SSF process. Paper waste from newspapers, inked HVS, and empty HVS papers were used as raw materials. The initial pH of SSF in the column was at pH 5. Variation of enzyme concentration was carried at 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 g. The SSF process was carried out at incubation time of 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, and 96 hours. The ink affected the concentration of bioethanol produced. In this study, the best bioethanol content was produced by inked HVS and Newspapers at 0.5 grams of enzyme with a concentration of 1531 and 1111 ppm, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy transition from fossil energy to renewable energy (green energy) which is more environmentally friendly has been regarded as an utter necessity that requires policy. The study presented in this article is aimed at optimizing development of green energy in a situation of fluctuating fossil energy prices. The method used is a paper review and comparative quantitative-qualitative analysis, Strengths Opportunities Aspirations Result (SOAR) analysis on secondary data supported by empirical information in the energy industry. The paper on the topic of marketing strategy for the development of renewable energy using SWOT analysis was chosen as a comparison for the analysis of development through SOAR. Furthermore, the results of the comparison between SOAR and SWOT analysis are used as the basis for selecting alternative strategies. Exploration and exploitation of fossil energy requires a high investment, so optimizing fossil energy requires technology that is able to convert this energy into a more environmentally friendly, the management of fossil energy carried out five pillars, namely human resource development, application of new technology and information systems, processes, manufacturing, environmental protection, health and sustainability. Some examples of activities that have been carried out include the construction of solar-based power plants, micro hydro, and the development of bio gas. Greenovator programs that benefit the environment and society. The result of this review on the proposed alternative solutions for green energy development using and encourages a symbiosis between the governments - the community - the fossil energy industry - the green energy industry. As an alternative strategy towards optimizing the development of renewable energy, the use of fossil energy is still needed in the transition energy because the fossil energy industry can be in line with renewable energy development in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein we report the facile synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) via the green synthesis method using mangosteen (Garcinia Mangostana L.) peels waste extract (MPE) as the bioreducing agent. The synthesized AgNPs were employed as the probe in the paper-based colorimetric detection of Pb2+. Initially, the MPE was prepared using a reflux system for a 3 h reaction, followed by mixing the AgNO3 precursor and the prepared MPE, then left undisturbed for a 6 h reaction until a dark brown solution of AgNPs was obtained. The AgNPs showed a strong visible absorbance peak at 415 nm that indicated the AgNPs were successfully formed, whereas there was no peak observed at 415 m for the MPE. Further investigation, the IR spectra revealed that the OH-groups of flavonoids derivative in the MPE have a main role in the AgNPs formation, while the XRD pattern confirmed the prepared AgNPs have face center cubic structure with the crystalline size of 11.38 nm as well as the SEM characterization showed a spherical to triangle morphology of AgNPs. The paper-based-colorimetric performance evaluation showed a wide linearity range from 8 ppb to 100 ppm with a limit of detection (LOD) less than 12.50 ppm and high selectivity toward Pb2+ instead of Zn2+, Mg2+, Na+, and K+ at 30 min reaction, indicating the green synthesized AgNPs have the potential for probe in colorimetric sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The modification of the metal surface is one of the efforts used to increase the bonding strength to provide a good deposite for the hydroxyapatite layer. This study aimed to determine the effect of abrasive paper roughness and alkali heat treatment on 316L stainless steel for hydroxyapatite coating. The surface of the 316L stainless steel substrate was roughened using SIC paper 80, 400 and 1200 grit. Then soaked with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions for 24 hours at a temperature of 40 °C and then the substrate was sintered at a temperature of 500 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C with a holding time of 1 hour. The coating process is carried out using a dip coating method by immersing the substrate into the hydroxyapatite slurry and sintered at a temperature of 750 °C. The result of this study shows that sodium chromium oxyde (Na4CrO4) was successfully formed on the metal surface of 316L Stainless steel. The highest and lowest shear strength values were obtained on 80 grit samples with heat treatment temperatures of 700 °C and 600 °C, respectively 4.685 MPa and 0.465 MPa. The thickness of the hydroxyapatite (HA) layer on 316L stainless steel obtained was 51.68 µm; 58.28 µm; 73.63 µm and 70.13 µm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the event of a power transformer failure, the utility could experience an interruption in its power supply. Many factors, including winding deformations, insulation deterioration, transient and overloaded conditions, etc., can lead to this kind of failure. This research explores the relationship between polarisation and depolarization current (PDC) measured from the oil impregnated paper insulation of a high voltage (HV) power transformer to reveal data about the state of the insulation used in these devices. Paper insulation in a power transformer has been documented to age in a non-uniform fashion. Popular models that can model non-uniform ageing include the conventional Debye model (CDM). In the current study, we employed CDM to foresee the performance of oil-impregnated paper insulation. Further, dielectric loss tan and overall insulation conditions have been explored, with the largest magnitude of Z evaluated from the transfer function (TF) of the CDM model impacting most to the insulation condition and projected moisture present in the insulation paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The selection of packing materials is an important factor to prolong the shelf life of food products, especially for perishable foods or produces. This research was conducted to determine the effect of packing materials (papers and plastics) on fresh Brazilian spinach leaves quality such as moisture content, water activity and total color difference (ΔΕ). The samples were stored at ambient temperature (25 °C) for 16 days. The moisture content and water activity of the samples were measure by moisture analyzer and water activity meter, respectively. The total color difference (ΔΕ) was calculated based on L*, a* and b* parameters. Generally, based on overall results, the packing materials significantly affected the quality of fresh Brazilian spinach leaves throughout 16 days of storage period. The results asserted that the paper materials are not suitable to use to pack fresh Brazilian spinach leaves for long period. It is also not recommended to use any paper material to pack fresh produce, especially perishable vegetables and fruits, in protecting their quality. The use of HDPE and PP plastics is recommended to prolong the shelf life of the fresh Brazilian spinach leaves. However, it has a limitation in controlling the changes of leaves color. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The widely use of petroleum-derived mineral oils for the production of offset printing inks has resulted in several environmental impacts. The suitable approach to develop alternative resources is palm oil fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) as a substitute for petroleum-based solvent. This study aimed to investigate the surface properties of palm oil-based offset ink on gloss-coated paper surfaces in terms of printability. The "green" varnishes were prepared with palm oil FAME as solvent, rosin-modified phenolic resin, and different vegetable oils linseed oil (FAME-LO) and soybean oil (FAME-SO) have been used as drying oils. The FAME-based Cyan offset printing inks have been prepared their properties compared with standard conventional inks. Printing tests were carried out using the IGT-A2 printability tester. Contact angles of water, methanol, and hexane on the surface of printed ink were measured using Contact Angle Analyzer. The surface free energy (SFE) and its components were calculated using Girifalco-Good-Fowkes-Young, Owens-Wendt, and van Oss-Chaudhury-Good methods. The results showed that as the liquid contact angle increased, the surface energy decreased. The surface energy of FAME-SO ink printed samples 36.36 mJ/m2 was higher than the unprinted paper 35.84 mJ/m2. Since high surface energy will affect the bond strength of the ink to the substrate, this will be an advantage for multicolor prints requiring good ink adhesion, which will enlarge the acceptance of other colors to be printed on the previous color. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is about paper or journal review of two-phase flow boiling pressure drop in propane (R290) refrigeration system and summarized several researches that will useful in terms of HVAC-R equipment especially in heat exchanger i.e., evaporator design. Early researcher has been conducted research with respect to the channel dimension (diameter and aspect ratio) as in Coleman (2000). Recent research of flow boiling with combined parameters such as heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and pressure drop shown that some parameters affected pressure drop inside unconventional channel (mini and microchannel) such as superficial vapor velocity, mass quality, mass flux, heat flux, saturation temperature (and pressure), and Reynolds number where flow regime of the pressure drop are mostly annular flow, intermittent flow, slug and churn flow but less or few of them found a relation of channel dimension i.e. diameter and aspect ratio towards two-phase flow pressure drop (as in Coleman (2000)). It is recommended that for further study and research, study of two-phase flow boiling pressure drop must conduct in the unconventional channel such as minichannel or microchannel i.e., capillary tube and incorporate Reynolds number of the flow (both vapor and liquid), channel dimension (diameter and aspect ratio), surface tension, and shear stress influence from two-phase flow fluid and then plot the data to the recent and or existed flow pattern map of any flow regimes especially to the refrigerants ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this era of technology, online data is increasing enormously in various forms be it images, videos, texts, sound, etc. Now with increasing data, there arises the issue of storage and that's the time when Bigdata and its tools come into the picture. To analyze the big data and process it with the available traditional methods, becomes an extremely strenuous task. And to overcome this drawback, there are various big data tools and techniques available. Some of the techniques that are used to analyze big data are the techniques of data mining such as clustering, classification, division, and prediction. The tools that are used in analyzing the big data are MongoDB, NoSQL, HPCC, Apache Storm, Spark, Apache Hadoop, also these tools are used in handling big data. In this paper, analysis of big data tools and techniques has been done with different examples and instances. To understand the tools better, their summaries along with examples are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the research trend of interconnection of computational thinking and mathematics. Data analysis used bibliometric mapping analysis method. Related articles analyzed were searched from the Scopus and Google Scholar databases using Publish or Perish software. Furthermore, data analysis using VOSviewer software. The results show that: (1) research on the interconnection of mathematics and computational thinking has increased significantly in the last five years, (2) the number of articles in Google Scholar indexed journals is more than Scopus indexed journals, but the number of citations in Scopus indexed journals is much higher than Google Scholar indexed journals and conference papers, (3) David Weintrop is the most cited author on mathematics and computational thought, with 77.40 citations/year, (4) there are many network clusters between authors with members ranging from two to eight authors, (5) There are many research theme cluster networks used by the authors in the last three years, with the focus of recent research linking mathematics and computational thinking with critical thinking, mathematical literacy, and computational thinking abilities. The results of this study can be used as a basis and inspiration for further research on mathematical interconnection and computational thinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chlorine-based bleaching agent can brighten the pulp effectively, but it harms the environment, especially water pollution. Thus, hydrogen peroxide, a total chlorine-free (TCF) bleaching agent is applied in this research to bleach pulp derived from Sesbania grandiflora. Sesbania grandiflora is being chosen as raw material due to its ideal characteristics as pulp source and native in Malaysia. This research aims to determine the effects of hydrogen peroxide on Sesbania grandiflora pulp and evaluate the paper properties made from Sesbania grandiflora pulp. The research was carried under different bleaching durations, 20 minutes, 40 minutes and 60 minutes under a constant temperature of 50°C and 3% concentration of hydrogen peroxide. The physical, optical and mechanical properties of Sesbania handsheet were measured according to the standard TAPPI. The overall result presented a significant effect on kappa number and handsheet brightness but little on mechanical properties. The longer bleaching duration gave the least kappa number of the Sesbania pulp, thus, improving the brightness of the Sesbania handsheet. However, it did not affect the strength properties of the handsheet. In this research, 60 minutes of bleaching duration on Sesbania grandiflora pulp exhibits the optimal bleaching performance without compromising paper mechanical properties significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five fuels were tested in a common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engine to see how they affected soot particle distribution and the engine's controlled and unregulated emission characteristics (M15, M25, and M35). The findings demonstrated that regulated emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and particulate matter (PM) could be efficiently controlled to a very low level when mahua oil biodiesel (MOB) in diesel was utilized in conjunction with ideal engine working situations. Paper filters were employed to remove diesel dust. Entire particulate matter main particles were < 100 nm in width, with the average diameter for the biodiesel mixes falling among 20 and 26 nm. PM particles had uncontrolled emissions including Pb, Mn, and Ba, while M100 had 56.72% fewer xylene emissions, 22.49% fewer toluene emissions, and 19.45% fewer benzene emissions compared to M0. As a result, MOB is a wonderful option for reducing pollution from diesel engines and other sources, both in the form of controlled and unregulated emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neo vernacular is a modern architectural style inspired by traditional vernacular buildings. The concept of neo vernacular architecture is a continuance of the Klaten people's ancient identity as part of Javanese culture, particularly in Central Java. One technique to construct architectural works founded in the local culture is to look for values rooted in Javanese culture. This paper is the product of a final project whose goal is to develop a sustainable architectural identity in Klaten based on local wisdom, which will be applied to the "nadir" transit hotel. This transit hotel should be able to accomplish the goal and objective of a successful Klaten city with devoted, intelligent, autonomous, and cultural citizens. The location, 53 meters south of Klaten Station, is one type of development of supporting facilities for the commuter line scheme. This is one of the KAI activities at Klaten Station that attempts to make it easier for visitors to obtain long-term support. Folk architecture gives rise to vernacular architecture, which evolves from it. It arose from and was entrenched in the ethnic community's traditions, and skilled craftsmen built it with years of expertise. The gunungan and Klaten limasan house concept is an alternative that is integrated with contemporary design to create a transit hotel with a character that may reflect the city of Klaten's identity as an independent and cultured district. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we develop the rapid diagnostic kit potentially applied as point-of-care testing for kidney disease (nephropathy) through detecting albumin in urine samples. For this purpose, gold-nanoparticle (AuNPs) in combination with anionic dyes of Bromocresol Purple (BCP) and Bromothymol Blue (BTB), which are immobilized onto distance-based microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (d-μPADs), are utilized as sensing reagents. In this device, two mechanisms operate for quantitative and semiquantitative detection of albumin using d-μPAD, which include (1) protein error of pH indicator by direct reaction of albumin with dyes and (2) full corona protein formation of AuNPs with albumin. These synergistic reaction mechanisms facilitate the sharp color change of dyes, easily detected by the naked eye. Some parameters affecting the sensitivity of the proposed method, such as dye concentration, pH, reagent volume ratio, reagent immobilization, and reaction time, are investigated in detail. Inexpensive, disposable, and easy to use without technical expertise for albumin detection are advantages of the proposed method. Additionally, the proposed method has a high precision (RSD: 1.08%) and accuracy (99.38-99.96%) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the world of today, receiving complaints or feedback has become fundamental for an organization aiming to improve the quality of its products or services. Similarly, public complaints must be addressed to improve government service. There is no direct or effective channel for citizens in India to address issues with the government. Later, the government launched applications for registering complaints to make the public's job easier. However, there are some issues related to those applications' equity, i.e., the difficulty faced by the rural community and uncivilized people in using those applications. This paper proposes a smart microphonic grievance system that will allow people to register complaints orally, automatically classify them, and forward them to the appropriate sector. The test results demonstrate that this system can reduce the time and process for filing complaints and that it can be used by a diverse group of individuals in society. Overall, this system is a valuable solution for improving complaint management and addressing the unique needs of rural residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A growing field in India that can assist farmers in many ways is the identification of plant diseases. Plant disease reduces the mass production in agriculture. Every time due to heavy loss in agriculture, farmers face many challenges to raise up their needs. This study analyzes various diseases that affect various plants due to the following criteria like environmental condition, types of plant formed from Monocot and Dicot family, crop rotation and Ph value of the soil. The existing system analyzed the diseases based on one of the criteria. Although the strategy is to be followed to identify plant diseases at the early stage with various aspects so that the production in agriculture could be increased. The majority of machine learning algorithms already exist and may be improved upon to yield more accuracy. Xanthomonas wilt, Black and Yellow Sigatoka, Bunchy Top Virus, Black Sigatoka, Fusarium wilt, Cassava Bacterial Blight (CBB), Cassava Brown Steak Disease (CBSD), Cassava Green Mite (CGM), and Cassava Mosaic Disease (CMD), Yellow vein mosaic virus, and Powdery Mildew are a few of the diseases of the plants grown on crop rotation which are the subject of study of this paper. Plant illnesses are classified according to disease in the many open-source datasets that are accessible. For deeper understanding, we have provided a list of references. Here, we've examined the approaches that are now in use for automatically detecting various diseases of plant leaves. We present an approach for accurately identifying early signs of plant diseases from a variety of perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) transforming the Insurance industry by improving efficiency, reducing costs, and providing a better customer experience. As these technologies continue to evolve, more innovation can be expected in the Insurance industry. A Bibliographic analysis is conducted for scientific mapping based on 1,084 SCOPUS-indexed publications between the year 2000-2022 using VOSviewer Application. The Analysis was conducted based on Publications by year, Source, Author, Affiliation, Country, Type, Subject Area and Funding Sponsors. The research found the result, the year 2022 had the highest publication of 203, through documents per year by the source of Lecture Notes In Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes In Artificial Intelligence And Lecture Notes In Bioinformatics at 43 publications, Bauder, R.A. author is the maximum contributor, Harvard Medical School has been the major affiliate, United States of America, has the maximum 341 publications, Conference paper has the majority participation at 412 documents at 38 percent and Keywords "Artificial intelligence", Machine Learning" and "Insurance" has the highest occurrence. The maximum number of publications inthe field of computer science at 28 percent. Overall, this bibliographic analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research in AI and Machine Learning in the Insurance industry and highlights the potential for further innovation and development in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years a new type of pavement has gained popularity in the United Kingdom this type is called Semi flexible Pavements (SFP). It consists of porous asphalt with high air voids between (25-35) % and is filled with cementitious grout materials. SFP is a combination road surface that incorporates the effects of both porous asphalt and cement paste grout. In addition it has proven to function well in strongly loaded freeways and airport pavement. The primary goal of this research was to assess the performance and durability of SFP contained sustainable grout material. The Reed Waste Ash (RWA) was adopted as a partial replacement for conventional grout material and Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) used in SFP. Also superplasticizer (SP) was used to improve the fluidity of grout and waste paper fiber (W-PF) was used as a modifier for asphalt binder. The indirect Tensile Stress (ITS) and Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) tests were used to evaluate the resistance of new SFP to cracking and moisture susceptibility while the wheel track test was used to assess the resistance to permanent deformation. The results showed that the SFP containing OPC+10% RWA enhanced the moisture susceptibility of SFP up to 83.52 %. In addition, the result of the abrasion test of the SFP mixture containing OPC+10%RWA gives a great improvement, reached to 55% and 88% for unaged and aged specimens, respectively, when compared to the control mix. The rutting resistance was improved by 85% for the above mentioned replacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the biometrics that is used to analyze and measure the features of any individual for security and authentication purposes is the fingerprint. purposes, and it is one of the most grown biometric types and considered legal proof of guide in a court of law all over the worldwide. The techniques that is used to find the matching between different fingerprint images have been varied Over the past few years, the researcher in this topic use several methods to extract the essential features, and use these features as input to different matching techniques in inked fingerprint recognition system.in this paper we will discuss in details the contents of fingerprint recognition system and how it is work and a several number of techniques and methods used by the researchers in this top and we made a compression between the widely used techniques to reach the best in terms of accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fake news is false or misleading information presented as news. False stories tend to spread farther, faster, and more broadly than true stories. Some individuals and organizations intentionally applied misleading information for certain benefits. The internet goes quickly, mobile devices became popular, and social media users grow more significant in number, make no boundaries world and connect every user. As a result, information circulates in immense numbers makes to handle fake news manually is impossible. Fake news also affects human psychology. Hoax related to how to cure COVID-19 and the lack of toilet paper has led to casualties and riots. Fake news potentially differs in writing technique compare to real information. In this paper, we discussed a few studies related to fake news detection. Their algorithm can capture writing style in content viz lexicon, syntax, semantic, and discourse. Also, those studies implemented user-based, content-based, and social context-based. It used machine learning, deep learning, and reinforcement learning. Furthermore, education plays a vital role in making people understand the impact of fake news. Itis necessary to do a campaign for all internet users. The national government necessity collaborates with society implement the particular rule for better internet environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moodle-based Learning Management Systems have been widely used in learning during the Covid-19 pandemic, especially in Indonesia. In this regard, this study aims to identify and describe the implementation of the Whole Language Approach in improving the ability to write simple scientific papers for students at PGRI Yogyakarta University through the Moodle-based Learning Management System. The method in this research is descriptive qualitative with data in the form of descriptions of the results of research implementation supported by observations, interviews, theoretical studies, and relevant research. The results of this study indicate an increase in the ability to write student scientific papers in the experimental class after using the Whole Language Approach through Moodle-based LMS in learning to write. Several aspects that were assessed were structure, systematics, language use, content coherence, and references used. This increase is indicated by the test numbers before and after the use of the Whole Language Approach through the Moodle-based LMS with mean values of 6.5 to 8.8 in the experimental class, and 6.7 to 7.1 in.the control class. This shows that the use of the Whole Language Approach through Moodle-based LMS is proven to improve students' ability to write simple scientific papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this research was to manufacture composite panel that can be used as wall panel for earthquake resistantly building. First stage on wall panel production was done by preparing polypropylene plastic waste, coconut coir fiber, and waste sludge paper mill. The second stage was carried out by mixing polypropylene plastic waste with coconut coir fiber and sludge of paper mill waste. In this research, two mixing variations were carried out. First variation was done by mixing polypropylene plastic waste and coconut fiber in a ratio of 60:40 without adding sludge, while the other was done by mixing sludge, polypropylene plastic waste and coconut fiber with a ratio of 60:20:20. The mixing process was done using extruder and the drying process was done using hot press. Density, internal adhesion values, and thickness extension of resulted composite panels then was characterized. From two variations resulted wall panels were found that the wall panels with sludge addition has better density value of 0.9713 g/cm3 compare to composite panel without sludge addition where its density value of 1.093 g/cm3. In addition, the internal adhesive strength value of the wall panels without sludge addition of 0.59 N/mm2, whereas it improved to 0.61 N/mm2 on panel with sludge addition. Moreover, the thickness of the panel that was produced without sludge addition was 0.508 percent, while panel with sludge addition decreased to 0.104 percent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waste is produced in large quantities all around the world, causing serious environmental problems. Construction and demolition (C&D) trash accounts for a significant fraction of global solid waste production, with the majority of it ending up in landfills. Concrete engineers have truly recommended the possibility of precisely treating and reusing such waste as aggregates in fresh concrete, particularly for lower-level applications, according to their research. Papercrete is a sustainable building material since it uses less cement and makes extensive use of recycled paper. It provides a number of benefits in the manufacturing industry, including a reduced carbon footprint and recovered fabric. Poor embodied strength, low utilization, and so on. The concrete rubble collected from C&D waste is used as a fine aggregate in the manufacture of papercrete bricks in this study. As a result, both waste paper and C&D debris were used, reducing landfill disposal and promoting low-cost, light-weight, and environmentally friendly construction materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During recycling of waste paper from private households different fractions containing plastics and polluted paper fibers are received. Current research at the Institute of Polymer Materials and Plastics Engineering at Clausthal University of Technology showed that the use of waste paper as filler and reinforcement in polypropylene leads to nearly the same mechanical properties as natural fibers like flax, sisal and hemp. The present investigations focus on the chemical cleaning of the paper recyclate to treat the fiber surface and to solve foreign plastics like polystyrene. For this purpose Soxhlet extraction with different solvents is used. The received extracts are examined via infrared spectroscopy, as well as the treated and the untreated fibers. Afterwards, the cleaned paper is incorporated into polypropylene. The received composites are investigated regarding their mechanical properties by tensile testing and CHARPY impact testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes an information system for filing and presenting graduate qualification papers of university students. It was developed using HTML5, PHP 7.2, MySQL 5.7, JQuery, AJAX, Yii2 and Materialize frameworks. The main qualities of the system on the part of student contribution were evaluated using a questionnaire method among 124 respondents who took part in it. This paper presents the results of the data analysis and specifies the tools used in designing a system for the university. It also describes the modules and algorithms of the information system operation: the management of the system users, the organization of control and checking of the works by the department staff. It shows a practical use of the system in the learning process in 2019-2021. Further development of the system is to develop a more automated system to monitor the work of the departments and to make up analyst queries for punctual data entry of graduate qualification works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The catalytic electroreduction of carbon dioxide represents a promising technology for the management of the energy sources and the abatement of CO2 emissions. For the industrial implementation of this process, it is required the development of a selective and stable nanostructured catalytic electrode. In this study, we evaluated the synthesis of nanostructured metallic electrodes produced by galvanostatic electrodeposition of copper onto a carbon paper support. The effects of deposition current density on morphology and catalytic properties of the electrodes were analyzed. The formation of copper nano and microstructure was observed on the external structure of the carbon paper support. Regarding the morphology, a correlation between applied current density and deposition structure was found. Electrodeposited electrodes showed a catalytic selectivity towards the production of carbon monoxide almost four times greater than copper foil electrodes. An inverse correlation between deposition current density and catalytic selectivity was observed. A decrease in the deposition current from -6 mA cm-2 to -2 mA cm−2 resulted in a doubling of the measured selectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paper Correlation is the study of creating an automated machine to assess the relationship between two or more papers. This study continues to develop in the natural language processing field. In this paper, we begin to enter into this study by conducting research to find the relationship between two citation sentences. The citation sentences contained in the paper can be used as a basis for assessing the relationship between two papers. In this research, the semantic similarity between citation sentences is included in.8 semantic classes. We use the Recurrent Neural Networks method and its variations and use SMOTE to deal with imbalanced data. The data representation that we use is word2vec to convert the sentence into a vector. We develop this research by adding data to see the algorithm's capabilities from previous research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lead is a heavy metal that can have a negative effect on human health. Lead enters the human body through the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. Food can be contaminated with lead if the packaging is not proper, for example, salabulek wrapped in typed paper can enter the body. This study aims to prove the presence of lead content in salabulek sold at Pasar Kota Pariaman due to the use of typed paper as wrapping. This research method is descriptive and was conducted at the Water Laboratory, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Andalas University. The number of samples was 24 samples consisting of 12 samples of salalauak wrapped in typed paper and 12 samples not wrapped in typed paper using total sampling technique. Sample examination using ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma). The results showed that all salabulek sold by traders at Pasar Kota Pariaman were positive for lead, both wrapped in typed paper and unwrapped. The average lead content in packaged salalauak was 0.172 ppm and unwrapped salabulek was 0.167 ppm. Conclusion. All samples of salabulek contained lead metal and there was an increase in lead levels due to packaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Used food paper in strips shape were mixed in a different weight percentage 1,2,3,4 respectively with epoxy resin. Discs of 10 cm diameter and 0.8 cm thickness were prepared in a hard shape. The thermal conductivity were tested for each combination showing that the maximum value of 0.989 w/m.°c signed at the combination (Epoxy 6 – Paper 4) Wt.%. And the mechanical properties representative by the hardness reflect the same behavior and recorded the maximum value of 80.21, meanwhile the surface roughness follow the other values in same manor with maximum value 0.50 µm. The increasing in used paper content showing that this increasing will lead clearly to improve the thermal and some mechanical properties of epoxy resin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]